2022年高考冲刺英语试题（湖南卷）3

2015年高考英语试题（湖南卷）本试卷分为四个部分，共12页。时量120分钟。满分150分PartⅠListeningComprehension(30marks)SectionA（marks）Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearsixconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Foreachconversation,thereareseveralquestionsandeachquestionisfollowedbythreechoicesmarkedA,BandC.Listencarefullyandthenchoosethebestanswerforeachquestion.YouwillheareachconversationTWICE.Conversation11.Whendoesthewomanusuallygethomefromwork? A.About6:30. B.About7:30. C.About8:30.答案：A考点：事实细节题难度：较易2.Whatdidthewomandolastnight? A.ShewatchedTV. B.Sherecordedaprogram. C.Shepreparedforalecture.答案：C考点：事实细节题难度：较易Conversation23.Howoftendoesthemanexerciseatthegym? A.Everyday. B.Everytwodays. C.Onceaweek.答案：B考点：事实细节题难度：较易4.WherewillthetwospeakersmeetbeforedoingexercisethisFriday? A.Atthepark. B.Atthecafe. C.Atthecinema.答案：A考点：事实细节题难度：较易Conversation35.WhatisMr.Chesterdoing? A.Telephoningsomeone. B.Speakingtothewoman. C.Leavingthemanamessage.答案：A考点：事实细节题难度：较易6.Whatistheman'slastname? A.Oliver. B.Horst. C.Robert.答案：B考点：事实细节题难度：较易Conversation47.Whywillthewomanbelate? A.Shedidn'tcatchthetrain. B.Shedidn'tfinishherpaper. C.Shedidn'twakeupintime.答案：A考点：事实细节题难度：较易8.Whereistheman? A.Atthestation. B.Athome. C.Attheoffice.答案：B考点：事实细节题难度：较易9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers? A.Teacherandstudent. B.Parentandchild. C.Husbandandwife.答案：C考点：推理判断难度：较易Conversation510.ForwhomdoesthewomanbuytheT-shirt?A.Herself. B.Herhusband. C.Herfriend.答案：C考点：推理判断难度：较易11.HowmuchdoestheT-shirtnormallycost? A.$54. B.$60. C.$70.答案：B考点：推理判断难度：较易12.WhydoesthesalesmanagreetoselltheT-shirtat$48? A.Itischeaperonline. B.Heisinahurry. C.Abuttonislost.答案：C考点：事实细节题难度：较易Conversation613.Whendidthewomanarrive? A.Friday. B.Saturday. C.Sunday.答案：A考点：事实细节题难度：较易14.Whatmajordidthemanchooseintheend? A.English. B.Biology. C.History.答案：C考点：事实细节题难度：较易15.Whatsuggestiondoesthemangiveonreadingthebooks? A.Makingnotes. B.Skimmingfirst. C.Readingwordbyword.答案：B考点：推理判断难度：较易SectionB（marks）Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearashortpassage.Listencarefullyandthenfillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.FillineachblankwithNOMORETHANTHREEWORDS.YouwillheartheshortpassageTWICESchoolWebDesign16I.Meeton17from2:30to3:15II.Createawebsiteforacompetition●Website☆onyourancestor18☆18long&wellconstructed●Competition☆hasafirstprizeof$300forbeginners&$18fortheadvanced☆doitbyyourself,listthesoftwareyouused答案：16.Club17.Monday19.5pages考点：推理判断难度：较易PartⅡLanguageKnowledge(45marks)SectionA(15marks)Directions:ForeachofthefollowingunfinishedsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.waswhenwewerereturninghome________Irealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble.A.which B.that C.where D.how答案：B解析：根据分析:此句是Itwas…开头且去掉Itwas,whenwewerereturninghomeIrealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohaveheapedsomeoneintrouble.是一个完整意义上的句子，故判断此句是一个强调句，强调whenwewerereturninghome；强调句常用句型:Itis(was)--被强调部分--that(who)…。句意:正是在我回家的时候我才意识到帮助别人于危难之时感觉是多么少人令人愉悦。故选B。考点：考查强调句难度：较难yougothroughthisbook,you________thateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarIIhadadifferentexperience. A.willfind B.found C.hadfound D.havefound答案：A解析：一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。在一般将来时的句子中，有时有表示将来时间的状语，有时没有时间状语，这时要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。句意：当你通读这本书的时候，你将会发现成千上万的经历过二战的每个人都有不同的经历。根据句意，判断主语的时态为一般将来时，故选A考点：考查时态难度：容易aftertalkingtotwostudents________thathavingstrongmotivationisoneofthebiggestfactorsinreachinggoals. A.Ididdiscover B.didIdiscover C.Idiscovered D.discovered答案：B解析：副词only置于句首，强调方式状语、条件状语、地点状语、时间状语等状语时，主句要进行部分倒装。如果被only所强调的状语为状语从句，该状语从句不倒装，只对主句进行倒装。此题中only作为副词放在句首修饰时间状语aftertalkingtwostudent，所以主句要进行部分倒装。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词does或did，并将其置于主语之前。句意:在和两个学生交谈之后我才意识到拥有强烈的动机是达到目标的最大因素。故选B。考点：考查only置于句首的部分倒装难度：较难gamescanbeapoorinfluenceif________inthewronghands. A.toleave B.leaving C.leave D.left答案：D解析：用作状语的从句叫状语从句。状语从句可置于句首、句末或句中，一般来说，状语从句都比较完整。但是，在一些状语从句中存在的省略问题，可以归纳为以下两点：1.when,while,if,asif,although/though,as,until,once,whether,unless,where等引导的从句中，如果其谓语为be，而主语与主句的主语相同时，则从句的主语和be可省略。有时从句的主语为it时，也可省略it或从句中的有关成分。2.than,as,nomatterwhat/who等后面成分的省略。句意：如果电子游戏落入一个错误的人手中就能够产生一个不良影响。考点：考查状语从句中的省略问题难度：较难wasn'tabletohidemyeagernesswhenI________,"Whatdoyouwishmetodonow?" A.ask B.haveasked C.amasking D.asked答案：D解析：一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。此题主句的时态为一般过去时，表示这个事情和动作发生在过去，故从句时态也要用一般过去时。句意：我不能隐藏我的渴望，当我问道，“你现在希望我做些什么？”故选D考点：考查时间状语的时态难度：适中havetoknow________you'regoingifyouaretoplanthebestwayofgettingthere. A.what B.that C.where D.who答案：C解析：根据分析可知:Youhaveto…后面是一个宾语从句。宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接副词，连接代词有:who,whom,whose,which,what，在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语，连接副词有:when,where,why,how,在句中担任状语的成分。You'regoingifyouaretoplanthebestwayofgettingthere是一个完整的句子，所以应该用连接副词来引导从句。句意:如果你已经计划好去那里的最佳方案，你必须知道你将要去哪里。故选C。考点：考查宾语从句难度：适中27.Itisimportanttorememberthatsuccess________asumofsmalleffortsmadeeachdayandoften________yearsofachieve. A.is;takes B.are;takes C.are;take D.is;take答案：A解析：主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。根据分析，第一空的谓语要填一个单数，因为此宾语从句：…thatsuccessasumof…day.的主语是success，一个单数名词，故谓语要用is；后面的句子：oftenyearstoachieve.的主语也是success，故第二空的谓语也是一个单数形式。句意：成功是将每天一小点努力积累起来，是需要多年的努力去达到，记住这些很重要。考点：考查主谓一致原则难度：适中musthavesensedthatI________him.Hesuddenlyglancedatmeandsaidquietly,"Whyareyoustaringatmelikethat?" A.wouldlookat B.lookedat C.waslookingat D.amlookingat答案：C解析：过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作，如果没有具体的时间，可以从意义上去把握。句意：他一定是注意到我在看着他。他突然看向我然后轻声问道：“你为什么要那样盯着我看？”根据分析，此句在意义上应该用进行时，又根据此句中的musthavesensed和glancedat可知是过去进行时，故选C。考点：考查时态难度：容易isatrulydelightfulplace,________looksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages.. A.as B.where C.that D.which答案：D解析：根据分析，此句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是place，在定语从句中是作主语的，所以用关系代词引导。As引导非限定性定语从句时要放在句首，故排除，选用which。句意:这真是一个令人愉快的地方，这里的蜿蜒的小路和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的。故选D。考点：考查定语从句关系代词难度：适中whatyou’redoingtodayimportant,becauseyou’retradingadayofyourlifeforit A.Make B.Tomake C.Making D.Made答案：A解析：伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。句意：当店员看到一张漂亮的脸上挤出一副抱歉的笑容时，她像扎根似的定在了那里，想着是去是留。此句的谓语动词是stood，所以wonder在此用ing形式作一个伴随状语。故选A考点：难度：较难amlookingforwardtotheday________mydaughtercanreadthisbookandknowmyfeelingsforher. A.as B.why C.when D.where答案：C解析：祈使句表示请求、命令、建议等等。谓语动词一律用原形。句子中通常不用主语，句末用惊叹号或者句号，用降调。根据分析，…thatyourtaskistogetthiscompanyrunningsmoothly.是作mind的同位语。Keepinmind记住，句意：请时刻牢记住：你的任务就是让这个公司正常运作。这是一个表请求的祈使句，故选C考点：考查祈使句难度：容易weneed________asmallpieceoflandwherewecanplantvariouskindsoffruittreesthroughoutthegrowingseasonsoftheyear. A.are B.was C.is D.were答案：D解析：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。Holdback阻隔，隐瞒，句意:我非常想进去玩那些玩具，但是我被商店的玻璃阻隔了。根据句意，此句含有被动语态在里面，holdback要用被动语态，故选D。考点：考查被动语态难度：容易’snotdoingthethingswelike,butlikingthethingswehavetodo________makeslifehappy. A.that B.which C.what D.who答案：C解析：A.Ifonly要是…多好（ifonly常常用来表达强烈的愿望或遗憾，因此，主要用在虚拟语气中，用以表达强烈的愿望或非真实条件。常被译为“但愿”、“要是……该多好啊”等）B.After在…之后（用作连词是词，它引导的时间状语从句如果具有将来意义，往往要用一般现在时来表示(有时也用现在完成时)，而不能直接用一般将来时）C.Although虽然（表示“虽然”时，不要根据汉语习惯，在后面使用连词but,不过有时它可与yet,still,nevertheless等副词连用）D.Incase万一，假使（引导条件状语从句）；句意：虽然那个工作要花大量的时间，但是许多学生都觉得经历是值得的。故选C考点：考查连词难度：容易you________apresent,youshouldthinkaboutitfromthereceiver’spointofview. A.bought B.havebought C.willbuy D.buy答案：A解析：talkover讨论，根据分析，可知actasalisteningearforfellowstudenttodosth中的todosth是作student的宾语补足语。句意：有时我充当一个倾听者来倾听我的同学们讨论他们的烦心事。故选A考点：考查不定式作宾语补足语难度：适中ourselvesfromthephysicalandmentaltensions,weeachneeddeepthoughtandinnerquietness. A.Havingfreed B.Freed C.Tofree D.Freeing答案：B解析：在if引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。此句中的who'stosaythatanotherpersonwill?可知主句用的是将来时，故if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时。句意:这就是为什么我要使人们的日子变得鲜活起来。如果你不这样做，你说谁会这样做?考点：考查if引导的条件状语难度：适中SectionB(18marks)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Itwasarainymorningandthechildren,mainlyboyswithvariouslearningdifficulties,refusedtosettleforthestartofthelesson.Asaninexperiencedteacher,Itriedeverymeanstogetthemtobe36,butinvain.mypanicwasrisingandIcouldfeelmyheartbeatingwildly.Thiswasthe37ofmyjobasamusicteacher,Ithought--teachingwasnotforme.ThenIhadanidea.HopingthatnoonewouldnoticethatIwas38inside,Ithrewmyvoiceasfarasitwouldreach:"Putyourheadsonthedesksandcloseyour39!Wearegoingonajourney."40,thechildrenfellsilent."NowwhatshouldIdo?"Ithoughttomyself.ReachingovertomycollectionofCDs,Iblindly41,putitinthemachineandplayedit.Obediently(顺从地),myclasslaytheirheadsontheirdesk,closedtheireyesand42.Whenthemusicstarted,theroomasfilledwiththemostbeautifultonesandmusicalcolorsIcouldhaveeverimagined.Allthechildrenwere43.Whenthemusicfinished,Iaskedthemalltoraisetheir44slowlysothatwecouldshareourmusicaljourney.Atthispoint,whenallthechildrenwerewillingtosharetheirexperiences,Ibegantolearnhowto45.Themusicallowmetolearnthatteachingisaboutsharingandrespect,tearsandsmiles,theknowingandthe

46andmostofall,anunderstandingofeachother.Thiswasthepowerthat47intheclassroomcouldhave.36A.gladB.safe C.kind D.quiet.endB.aim C.rule D.plan.guessingB.shakingC.respondingD.laughing.eyesB.mouthsC.books D.doors.PunctuallyB.ImportantlyC.AmazinglyD.Obviously.passedoneonB.gaveonebackC.turnedoneinD.tookoneout.sleptB.noddedC.waitedD.continued.talkingB.singingC.dancingD.listening.legsB.heads C.armD.shoulders.teachB.imagineC.playD.understand.unpreparedB.unspokenC.unknownD.unforgotten.gamesB.music C.tearsD.knowledge36．答案：D根据第一段的开头:refusedtosettleforthestartofthelesson.和第二段中的:thechildrenfellsilent!可知文章一开始作者试图开始上课但是教师太吵了。句意:我试了每一种方法让他们安静下来，但是只是徒劳无功。故选D。解析：根据第一段的开头:refusedtosettleforthestartofthelesson.和第二段中的:thechildrenfellsilent!可知文章一开始作者试图开始上课但是教师太吵了。句意:我试了每一种方法让他们安静下来，但是只是徒劳无功。故选D。考点：考查形容词难度：容易37．答案：A解析：根据后文的:Ithought——teachingwasnotforme。可知这是作者最后一次作为音乐老师上课。句意:这是我作为音乐老师最后一次上课，我觉得，教书不适合我。故选A。考点：考查名词难度：容易38．答案：B解析：根据前文的:MypanicwasrisingandIcouldfeelmyheartbeatingwildly.可知此时作者的内心是生气地激动着,但是毫无办法，他试图让学生不去发现他此时的内心的情绪排山倒海的激动，用shaking来表达作者内心难以平息的怒火。故选B。考点：考查动词难度：适中39．答案：A解析：根据第三段开头:Myclasslaytheirheadsontheirdesk.closedtheireves…可知此时作者叫他的学生将头放在桌子上然后闭上眼睛，故选A。考点：考查名词难度：容易40．答案：C解析：A.Punctually准时地，如期地重要地令人惊呀地明显地；可知作者无意识地做法让学生迅速地安静了下来，所以在此用amazingly表示惊呀，故选C。考点：考查副词难度：容易41．答案：D解析：A.passedoneon传了一个；B.Gaveoneback给了一个...；C.Turnedonein转了一个；oneout拿出一个；句意:触及到我的那些CD收藏，我盲目地取出一张，把它放进机器里然后它放出了声音。故选D。考点：考查动词词组难度：容易42．答案：C解析：根据后文的：Whenthemusicstarted,theroomwasfilledwiththemostbeautifultonesandmusicalcolors.可知当作者将音乐放进机器里，学生们趴在自己的桌子上静静地等着音乐响起来，故选C。考点：考查动词难度：适中43．答案：D解析：老师在放音乐，当然学生们都在听，listening放在此较其他选项都比较合适。故选D考点：考查动词难度：适中44．答案：B解析：Raisesb'shead(s)抬起头来。句意：当音乐放完的时候，我要求他们所有人慢慢地抬起头来，那样的话，我们就可以一起分享我们的音乐之旅。故选B。考点：考查名词难度：适中45．答案：A解析：根据前文：Atthispoint,whenallthechildrenwerewillingtosharetheirexperiences,可知学生们从开始的不愿响应作者到最后跟着作者一起参与其中，这让作者开始知道怎么教书了，故选A。考点：考查动词难度：适中46．答案：C解析：A.unprepared为准备好的B.unspoken无言的C.unknown未知的D.unforegotten难忘的；根据前文有theknowing已知的，又有and连接，可知横向上填unknown未知的，构成像前文tearsandsmiles那样的对比，形成对仗，故选C。考点：考查形容词难度：适中47．答案：B解析：根据前文：Themusicallowedmetolearnthatteachingisaboutsharingandrespect,tearsandsmiles,theknowingandtheunknownand,mostofall,anunderstandingofeachother.可知这些都是音乐的好处，它让我们知道了分享和尊重，泪水和欢笑，已知与未知，最主要的是它让我们相互了解。所以最后一句作者旨在总结：这就是课堂音乐所拥有的力量。考点：考查名词难度：较难SectionC(12marks)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyfillingineachblankwithonewordthatbestfitsthecontext.Researchhasbecomebothsimplerandmorecomplex.It'ssimplerbecause,48youhavecomputer,youcanfindinformationyouneedbysearchingtheInternet.Forallyouinformation,youdon'thavetogoto49librarytofindtherelevantresourceandtakenotesonit.Instead,youcanfindsomesourcesfromtheInternet50printthecopiesneeded.Remember,however,thatyoushouldusuallyconsultdifferenttypesofsources.Thatis,you51alwaysrelyjustontheInternetforyouresearch.Whilefindinginformationiseasierthanever,atthesametime,researchinghasbecome52complex.Thereisalotmorematerialavailable,whichmeansyoumaybeoverwhelmed53theamountofinformation.Youneedtolearn54tosortthroughandfindtherelevantinformationforyourparticularproject.Also,

5547needtochecktheaccuracyofit.48．答案：if解析：作者开头所说的研究变得简单且复杂，然后根据后文的youcanfindinformationyouneedbysearchingtheinternet.可知作者想分别说简单之处和复杂之处分别在哪，作者首先说了简单之处在哪。句意:如果你有电脑，你就能够通过上网找到你需要的信息。故填:if考点：科普类短文阅读难度：难49．答案：the解析：固定词组:Gotothelibrary去图书馆。句意:你所要的信息，都不需要去图书馆找相关资料，做笔记。故填the考点：科普类短文阅读难度：适中50．答案：and解析：findresource和printtheeopies是并列关系，用and连接。句意:相反，你可以从网上找到你想要的资料然后将它们打印下来。故填and。考点：科普类短文阅读难度：适中51．答案：shouldn’t解析：根据前文作者告诉我们:你应该从不同的方面找不同类型的资料。句意:那就是说，你不应该常常依赖于互联网。故填shouldn't。考点：科普类短文阅读难度：适中52．答案：more解析：根据文章的第一段开头:Researchhasbecomebothsimplerandmorecomplies可知第一段说完研究变得更简单后，此段开始陈述研究的复杂之处，故填more。考点：科普类短文阅读难度：较难53．答案：with解析：固定词组:beoverwhelmedwith忙着做...；句意:有很多的材料都很适合你的研究，这就意味着你将忙于筛选各种信息。故填with。考点：科普类短文阅读难度：适中54．答案：how解析：句意:你需要知道怎样从中筛选出对你研究有用的相关信息。根据句意，故填how。考点：科普类短文阅读难度：适中55．答案：you解析：根据分析，此句缺少主语，故填you，而不是其他代词，因为上一句的主语是you.且有also作为连接。句意:当然，你也需要去求证它们的准确性。故填you。考点：科普类短文阅读难度：较难PartⅢReadingComprehension(30marks)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinished.statementsForeachofthemtherearefourchokesmarkedA.B.CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassage.AForgetCyclists,PedestriansareRealDangerWearehavingadebateaboutthistopic.Herearesomelettersfromourreaders.■Yes,manycyclistsbehavedangerously.Manydriversaredisrespectfulofcyclists.Butpedestriansareprobablytheworseoffenders.Peopleofallageshappilywalkalongthepavementwitheyesandhandsgluedtothemobilephone,quiteunawareofwhatisgoingonaroundthem.Theymayevendothesamethingwhilecrossingaroadatapedestriancrossingorelsewhere.Therestofushavetoevade(避让)themorjuststandstilltowaitfortheunavoidablecollision.Therealproblemisthatsomepedestriansseemtobe,atleastforthemoment,inworldsoftheirownthatare,tothem,muchmoreimportantthanthewelfareofothers.——MichaelHoran■IlovetheletterfromBobBrooksaboutcyclists(Viewpoints,May29).Iamafraidtheyseemtothinktheyowntheroads.IwaswalkingacrossAltrinchamRoadonemorningwhenacyclistwentroundmeandonbeingaskedwhathewasdoingheshoutedatme.Thegovernmentbuiltacyclelaneontheroadbutitishardlyused.Thepolicedonothing.Whatalaughtheyare!Thecyclistsshouldallhavetobemadetousethecyclelanesandwearhelmets,fluorescent(发荧光的)jacketandlightsatnightandinthemorningtheyshouldpaysomesortoftaxandbefinedfornotwearingthem.——CarolHarvey■Cyclistsjumponandoffpavements(whicharemeantforpedestrians),rideatspeedalongthepavements,andthinktheyhaveaspecialrighttogothroughtrafficlightswhentheyareonred.Iwasalmostknockeddownrecentlybyacyclistridingonthepavementwhentherewasacyclelanerightnexttohim.Otherroadusers,includinghorseriders,managetoobeytherulessowhynotcyclists?It'sabouttimetheyhadtoberegisteredandinsured,sowhentheydohitapedestrianoravehicle,orcauseanaccident,atleasttheycanbetreatedandtheremightbeanopportunitytoclaim.——JMLWritetoViewpointsofthenewspaper.Horanwrotethelettermainlytoshowthat_______. A.driversshouldbepolitetocyclists B.roadaccidentscanactuallybeavoided C.sinepedestriansareathreattoroadsafety D.walkingwhileusingphoneshurtsone'seyes答案：C解析：根据第一段中的最后一句话:Butpedestriansareprobablytheworseoffenders.(但是，路人可能才是更严重的霏犯)可知MichaelHoran的观点是，路人对道路安全存在威胁，故选C。考点：细节理解题难度：较难Harveysuggeststhatcyclistsshould_______. A.beprovidedwithenoughroads B.beaskedtorideontheirownlanes C.bemadetopaylesstaxforcycling D.befinedforlaughingatpolicemen答案：B解析：根据第八段的开头:Thecyclistsshouldallhavetobemadetousethecyclelanesandwearhelmets.可知CarolHarvey建议骑自行车的人应该在他们应该走的车道去骑。故选B。考点：细节理解题难度：适中isacomplaintofJML? A.Veryfewdriversareinsured. B.Cyclistsridefastonpavements. C.Pedestriansgothroughredtrafficlights. D.Horseridersdisrespectotherroadusers.答案：B解析：根据倒数第四段第一句话:Cyclistsjumponandoffpavements(whicharemeantforpedestrians),rideatspeedalongthepavement,andthinktheyhavespecialrighttogothroughtrafficlightswhentheyareonred可知JML抱怨骑自行车的人骑的太快，对道路安全产生隐患，故选B。考点：细节理解题难度：适中underlinedword"they"inthethirdletterrefersto______. A.accidents B.vehicles C.pedestrians D.cyclists答案：D解析：最后一段说到:It'sabouttimetheyhadtoberegisteredandinsured,sowhentheydohitapedestrianoravehicle,orcauseanaccident,atleasttheycanbetracedandtruemightbeanopportunitytoclaim.JML希望对自行车拥有者登记，当他们撞到行人或者车辆、制造出车祸的时候，他们能够被追查到，所以They在此指的是cyclists.故选D。考点：细节推理题难度：适中threeletterspresentviewpointson_______. A.realsourceofroaddanger B.waystoimproveroadfacilities C.measurestopunishroadoffenses D.increasedawarenessofroadrules答案：A解析：根据文章的标题和所有读者的来信不难发现这篇文章主要是围绕到底谁(自行车或者行人)才是道路安全存在的隐患。故选A。考点：主旨大意题难度：较难BInitsearlyhistory,Chicagohadfloodsfrequently,especiallyinthespring,makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople,horses,andcartsgotstuck.Anoldjokethatwaspopularatthetimewentsomethinglikethis:AmanisstuckuptohiswaistinamuddyChicagostreet.Askedifheneedshelp,hereplies,"No,thanks.I'vegotagoodhorseunderme."Thecityplannerdecidedtobuildanundergrounddrainage(排水)system,buttheresimplywasn'tenoughdifferencebetweentheheightofthegroundlevelandthewaterlevel.TheonlytwooptionsweretolowertheChicagoRiverorraisethecity.AnengineernamedEllisChesbroughconvincedmethecitythatithadnochoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroundandthencoverthemwithdirt.Thisraisedthelevelofthecity'sstreetsbyasmuchas12feet.Thisofcoursecreatedanewproblem:dirtpracticallyburiedthefirstfloorsofeverybuildinginChicago.Buildingownerswerefacedwithachoice:eitherchangethefirstfloorsoftheirbuildingsintobasements,andthesecondstoriesintomainfloors,orhoisttheentirebuildingstomeetthenewstreetlevel.Smallwood-framebuildingscouldbeliftedfairlyeasily.Butwhataboutlarge,heavystructureslikeTremontHotel,whichwasasix-storybrickbuilding?That'swhereGeorgePullmancamein.Hehaddevelopedsomehouse-movingskillssuccessfully.ToliftabigstructureliketheTremontHotel,Pullmanwouldplacethousandsofjackscrews(螺旋千斤顶)beneaththebuilding'sfoundation.Onemanwasassignedtooperateeachsectionofroughly10jackscrews.AtPullman'ssignaleachmanturnedhisjackscrewthesameamountatthesametime,therebyraisingthebuildingslowlyandevenly.Astonishingly,theTremontHotelstayopenduringtheentireoperation,andmanyofitsguestsdidn'tevennoticeanythingwashappening.Somepeopleliketosaythateveryproblemhasasolution.ButinChicago'searlyhistory,everyengineeringsolutionseemedtocreateanewproblem.NowthatChicago'swastewaterwasdrainingefficientlyintotheChicagoRiver,thecity'snextstepwastocleanthepollutedriver.authormentionsthejoketoshow______. A.horseswerefairlyusefulinChicago B.Chicago'sstreetswereextremelymuddy C.Chicagowasverydangerousinthespring D.theChicagopeoplewereparticularlyhumorous答案：B解析：根据文章的第一段第一句话:Inearlyhistory,Chicagohadfloorsfrequentlyespeciallyinthespring,makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople,horses,andcartsgotstuck.可知芝加哥因为洪水的经常泛滥导致大街上总是泥泞不堪，行人，马和车全部都堵在路上。所以作者提及那个玩笑是为了突出芝加哥这一特点，故选B。考点：细节推理题难度：适中cityplannerswereconvincedbyEllisChesbroughto_______. A.getridofthestreetdirt B.lowertheChicagoRiver C.fightagainstheavyfloods D.buildthepipesaboveground答案：D解析：根据第三段第一句话:AnengineernamedEillChesbroughconvincedthecitythatithadnochoicebutchoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroundandthencorerthenwithdirt.可知以EillChesbrough为首的人们认为应该在地上埋下排水管道，故选D。考点：细节理解题难度：适中underlinedword"hoist"inParagraph4means"_______". A.change B.lift C.repair D.decorate答案：B解析：根据后文：Smallwood-framebuildingcouldbeliftedfairlyeasily.可知另一种方法就是将建筑升高。故选B考点：细节推理题难度：较难canweconcludeaboutthemovingoperationoftheTremontHotel? A.Itwentonsmoothlyasintended. B.Itinterruptedthebusinessofthehotel. C.ItinvolvedPullmanturningtenjackscrews. D.Itseparatedthebuildingfromitsfoundation.答案：A解析：根据倒数第二段中的倒数第二句话：AtPullman’ssignaleachmanturnedhisjackscrewthesameamountatthesametime,therebyraisingthebuildingslowlyandevenly.(在Pullman的指导下，每个人同时抬起他们手中的千斤顶，因此建筑就被慢慢地、平整地抬起来了)可知A项正确,故选A。考点：细节推理题难度：适中passageismainlyabouttheearlyChicago's______. A.popularlifestylesandtheirinfluences B.environmentaldisastersandtheircauses C.engineeringproblemsandtheirsolutions D.successfulbusinessmenandtheirachievements答案：C解析：文章的第一段就提出芝加哥城所存在的问题，接下来的段落讨论了解决这个问题的一些方法，最后一段讲到这些方法虽然解决当前的问题，但是随之而来的又会冒出一些新的问题有待解决。故文章大致上讲述的是建造的问题与解决办法，故选C考点：主旨大意题难度：较难CHaveyourparentseverinspectedyourroomtoseeifyoucleaneditproperly?Imaginehavingyourentirehouses,garage,andyardinspectedatanytime--withnowarning.Inspectionswerearegularpartoflighthouse(灯塔)living,andakeeper'sreputationdependedonresults.Afewtimeseachyear,aninspectorarrivedtolookovertheentirelightstation.Theinspectionsweresupposedtobeasurprise,butkeepersometimeshadadvancenotice.Oncelighthouseshadtelephones,keeperswouldcalleachothertowarnthattheinspectorwasapproaching.Afterboatsbeganflyingspecialflagsnotingtheinspectoraboard,thekeeper'sfamilymadeitagametoseewhocouldnoticetheboatfirst.Assoonassomeonespottedtheboat,everyonewoulddolast-minutetidyingandchangeintofancyclothes.Thekeeperthenscurriedtoputonhisdressuniformandcap.Childrenofkeepersrememberinspectorswearingwhiteglovestoruntheirfingersoverdoorframesandwindowsillslookingfordust.Despitetheseriousnatureofinspections,theyresultedinsomefunnymoments.BettyByrnesrememberedwhenhermotherdidnothavetimetowashallthedishesbeforeaninspection.Atthetime,peopledidnothavedishwashersintheirhomes.Inanefforttocleanupquickly,Mrs.Byrnestossedallthedishesintoabigbreadpan,coveredthemwithaclothandstuckthemintheoven.Iftheinspectoropenedtheovendoor,itwouldlooklikebreadwasbaking.heneverdid.Oneday,GlennFurst'smotherputoilonthekitchenfloorjustbeforetheinspectorenteredtheirhouse.Likefloorwax,theoilmadethefloorsshinyandhelpedprotectthewood.Thistime,though,sheusedalittletoomuchoil.WhentheinspectorextendedhishandtogreetGlenn'smother,heslippedonthefreshlyoiledsurface."Hecameacrossthatfloorwavinghisarmslikeayoungbirdattemptingitsfirstflight,"Glennlatewrote.Afterhesteadiedhimself,heshookGlenn'smother'shand,andtheinspectioncontinuedasthoughnothinghadhappened.doesParagraphItellusabouttheinspectionatthelightstation? A.Itwascarriedoutonceayear. B.Itwasoftenannouncedinadvance. C.Itwasimportantforthekeeper'sfame. D.Itwasfocusedonthegarageandyard.答案：C.解析：根据第一段的倒数第四行和倒数第三行:andakeeper'sreputationdependedontheresults.(看守人的名声取决于结果的好坏)可知，故选C。考点：细节理解题难度：适中familybeganmakingpreparationsimmediatelyafter______. A.oneofthememberssawtheboat B.awarningcallreachedthelighthouse C.thekeeperputonthedressuniformandcap D.theinspectorflewspecialflagsinthedistance答案：A.解析：根据第二段的第三句话:Assoonassomeonespottedtheboat,everyonewoulddolast-minutetidyingandchangeintofancyclother.可知在建庭成员中一旦有人发现船的到来，全家人就开始快速准备。故选A。考点：细节理解题难度：适中.Byrnesputthedishesintheovenbecausethiswould______. A.resultinsomefun B.speedupwashingthem C.makeherhomelooktidy D.beademandfromtheinspector答案：C.解析：根据倒数第二段的第二句话:BetttyByrnesrememberedwhenhermotherdidnothavetimetowashallthedishesbeforeaninspection.可知没有时间在检查之前去洗所有的碗，Mrs.Byrnes将所有的碗都丢进了烤箱避免被inspector发现。故选C。考点：细节理解题难度：适中theinspectorhadopenedtheovendoor,hewouldhaveseen_______. A.anemptypan B.manycleandishes C.piecesofbakedbread D.aclothcoveringsomething答案：D.解析：根据倒数第二段的倒数第三行:tossallthedishesintoabigbreadpan,coveredthemwithaclothandstuckthemintheoven.可知当inspector打开烤箱的时候他只会看到一块盖着布的某物，故选D。考点：细节理解题难度：适中inspectorwavedhisarms______. A.