典型陷阱题详解

典型陷阱题详解・定语从句Thefactorywasbuiltinasecretplace,aroundhighmountains.A.whichwas B.itwas C.whichwereD.themwere【陷阱】容易误选A或B,将A、B中的which和it误认为是其后句子的主语。【分析】最佳答案是C，aroundwhichwerehighmountains是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是highmountains，aroundwhich是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was。请做以下类例题目(答案均为C):Yesterdaywevisitedamodernhospital,aroundsomefruitshops.A.whichis B.itis C.whichare D.themareThemurderhappenedinanoldbuilding,besidethecitypolicestation.A.whichare B.itis C.whichis D.themareNextmonthwe’llmovetoanewbuilding,nexttoanicerestaurantswherewecanhaveChinesefood.A.whichare B.itis C.whichis D.themareAmanwithableedinghandhurriedinandasked,“IsthereahospitalaroundIcangetsomemedicineformywoundedhand?”A.that B.which C.where D.what【陷阱】容易误选B，认为around是介词，选which用以代替前面的名词hospital，在此用作介词around的宾语。【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选C的理由是：句中的around不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的where引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？Davidissuchagoodboyalltheteacherslike.A.that B.who C.as D.whom【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的that，便认为这是考查such…that…句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A,因为在such…that…如此以至)结构中，that引导的是结果状语从句，并且that在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入such…that…，句末的动词like缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词boy，同时as在定语从句中用作动词like的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩"。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的that视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到such的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词as来引导，而不用that。比较下面一题，答案为A，因为like后有自己的宾语him：Davidissuchagoodboyalltheteacherslikehim.A.that B.who C.as D.whom请再做以下试题(答案选D):Itwasnotsuchagooddinnershehadpromisedus.A.like B.that C.which D.asThebuses,mostofwerealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd.A.that B.it C.them D.which【陷阱】容易误选C，用them代指thebuses。【分析】最佳答案是D。mostofwhichwerealreadyfull为非限制性定语从句，修饰thebuses。类似地，以下各题也选D:⑴Hishouse,forhepaid$10,000,isnowworth$50,000.A.that B.it C.them D.whichAshdownforest,throughwe’llbedriving,isn’taforestanylonger.A.that B.it C.them D.whichThisIdidatnineo,clock,afterIsatreadingthepaper.A.that B.it C.them D.which类似地，以下各题选whom，不选them:George,withIplayedtennisonSundays,wasawarm-heartedperson.A.thatB.him C.them D.whomHersons,bothofworkabroad,willcomebackhomethissummer.A.that B.who C.them D.whomImetthefruit-pickers,severalofwerestilluniversitystudents.A.thatB.who C.them D.whomHehadalotoffriends,onlyafewofinvitedtohiswedding.A.whom B.them C.which D.who【陷阱】容易误选A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词invited并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在invited前加上助动词were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A。比较：Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,noneofcarriedoutintheirwork.A.which B.them C.what D.that答案选B，noneofthemcarriedoutintheirwork是独立主格结构，其中的carriedout为过去分词。Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,noneofwerecarriedoutintheirwork.A.which B.them C.what D.that答案选A，noneofthemwerecarriedoutintheirwork是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were。Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,butnoneofwerecarriedoutintheirwork.A.which B.them C.what D.that答案选B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but，使得该句成了一个并列句。OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,parentsseatedtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whose C.which D.that【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】最佳答案是A。与上面一题相似，theirparentsseatedtogetherjoking不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词seated不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为seat作动词用时，是及物动词。比较以下相似题：OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.A.their B.whose C.which D.that选B。whoseparentswereseatedtogetherjoking为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语wereseated。OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,andparentswereseatedtogetherjoking.A.their B.whose C.which D.that选A。因为句中有并列连词and，整个句子为并列句。OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,parentssittingtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whose C.which D.that选A。theirparentssittingtogetherjoking为独立主格结构。OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,parentssattogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.which D.that选B。whoseparentssattogetherjoking为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语sat。OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,parentsweresittingtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whose C.whichD.that选B。whoseparentsweresittingtogetherjoking为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语weresitting。Ifthemanisonlyinterestedinyourlooks,justshowshowshallowheis.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that【陷阱】容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几道题也选that，而不选which:Ifyoupromisetogowithus,willbeOK.A.as B.which C.andit D.thatIfyouwantadoubleroom,willcostanother£15.Whetheryougoornot,isquiteallrightwithme.A.that B.which C.andit D.soWhenIsaytwohours,includestimeforeating.A.as B.which C.what D.that典型高考英语陷阱题详解■强调句“Howwastheydiscoveredtheentrancetotheundergroundpalace?”“Totallybychance.”A.itthatB.hethat C.itwhen D.hewhich【陷阱】几个干扰项均可能误选。【分析】答案选A，为强调句的特殊疑问句形式，其相应的陈述句形式为：Itwastotallybychancethattheydiscoveredtheentrancetotheundergroundpalace.比较以下各题，它们也属强调句的特殊疑问句形式：Whowasitsavedthedrowninggirl?A.since B.as C.that D.he答案选C，被强调成分为who，该句实为类似ItwasTomthatsavedthedrowninggirl.这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式(即对其中的Tom提问而得％Whatisithisdaughterneedsmost?A.what B.which C.that D.if答案选C被强调成分为what该句实为类似Itisabikethathisdaughterneedsmost.这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式(即对其中的abike提问而得)，“Wheredidyoufindtheprofessorwhomadethespeechyesterday?”“Itwasinthehallthestudentsoftenhaveameeting.”A.where B.whichC.thatD.when【陷阱】很可能误选C，认为这是一个强调句，强调地点状语inthehall。【分析】假若选C，即有Itwasinthehallthatthestudentsoftenhaveameeting，该句的意思是“学生们通常是在大厅开会”，单独看这一句，无论是其意思还是其语法均未错，但若将其与上文联系起来看，则不通，因为上文的意思是你是在哪儿找到昨天作报告的那位教授的?"假若将答句改为ItwasinthehallthatIfoundtheprofessor,则完全可以。其实，此题的最佳答案是A,wherethestudentsoftenhaveameeting为定语从句，用以修饰其前的名词thehall,句意为“是在学生们经常开会的那个大厅(找到教授的)"，这样语意就通顺了。Itwaswhathemeantratherthanwhathesaidannoyedme.A.which B.as C.what D.that【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】此题为一个强调句型，空格处应填that(即选D)，被强调成分为whathemeantratherthanwhathesaid句意为“让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他话中的意思'。请再看两例：Itwashisnervousnessintheinterviewprobablylosthimthejob.A.which B.since C.that D.what答案选C，为强调句型，被强调成分为hisnervousnessintheinterview，句意为“很可能是面试时表现出紧张，使他失去了这份工作'。Itistheabilitytodothejobmattersnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.A.one B.that C.what D.it答案选B，为强调句型，被强调成分为theabilitytodothejob，句意为“重要的是你做工作的能力，而不是你来自何地或你是从事什么工作的'。Itwasinthesmallhousewasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfatherhespenthischildhood.A.which,thatB.that,whichC.which,whichD.that,where【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是分不清为强调句型，或即使分清为强调句型，也分不清强调哪一个成分。【分析】答案选A，第一空填which，用以引导定语从句；第二空填that,为强调句的结构词，被强调部分为inthesmallhouse(以及修饰它的定语从句whichwasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfather)。此题难就难在强调句型中套用了定语从句。请再看类似例子：Itwastheboyhadbeeninprisonstolethemoney.A.who,where B.that,how C.who,thatD.that,which此题答案选C，全句为强调句，被强调成分是theboy(以及修饰它的定语从句whohadbeeninprison)。Itwasjustintheroomhewasbornhedied.A.where,whichB.that,thatC.where,thatD.which,that此题答案选C，全句为强调句，被强调成分是inthisroom，wherehewasborn为修饰theroom的定语从句。“Wasitunderthetreeyouwereawaytalkingtoafriend?”“Sure.ButwhenIgotbackthere,thebikewasgone.A.thatB.where C.whichD.while【陷阱】此题很容易误选A，认为这是强调句型。【分析】其实此题应选D。做好此题的关键是正确理解上下文的语境。在此句中，it是代词指代thebike，句意为“当你离开去同朋友谈话的时候你的自行车是在这树下吗?”“当然，但当我回来时，自行车就不见了。”现在反过来分析一下，假若选A，将此句判为强调句，句子即为Wasitunderthetreethat