词汇前缀和单词

会计学1词汇前缀和单词evoke,convoke,provoke,revoke这一组词共享词根vok，该词根在名词和形容词之中一般改为voc，为“声音、呼唤(voiceortocall)”之意。evokev.唤起,引起e-(out)+vok(tocall)

evocationn.唤出,唤起,招魂

evocativeadj.唤出的,唤起的

Thatoldfilmevokedourfathergeneration'smemoriesoftheyearsofthewar.convokev.召集

con-(together)+vok(tocall)

convocationn.集会,召集

ThePrimeMinister

convokedParliamenttodecideapolicy.第1页/共82页provokev.激怒,挑拨,煽动,惹起

pro-(forward)+vok(tocall)

provocationn.激怒,刺激,挑衅

provocativeadj.煽动的；挑衅的

Heclaimedthatitwasherrudenessthat

provokedhimtostrikeher.revokev.撤回,废除

revocationn.撤回

irrevocableadj.不能取消的

Herlicensewasrevoked.第2页/共82页由词根voc及其变体构成的词汇还有：voicen.vocaladj.advocatev.&n.

ad-(to)+voc(tocall)+-ate(person)vocationn.

voc(tocall)+-ation(thestateorresult）

vocationaladj.vocabularyn.

voc(word)+abul(able)+-ary(thing)=wholebodyofwordsvoweln.*第3页/共82页compel,impel,dispel,repel,expel,propel这一组词共享词根pel，该词根在名词和形容词之中一般改为puls，为“驱使、推动(todrive,topush)”之意。compelv.强迫,迫使

com-(emphatic)+pel(todrive,push)

compulsionn强迫，强制

compulsoryadj.强迫的，义务的，必需做的

Myconsciencecompelsmetotellthetruth.impelv.推进,激励,驱使

im-(on)+pel(todriveorpush)

impulsionn.驱使；冲动

impulsiveadj.有推动力的;冲动的

Hesaidhehadbeenimpelledtocrimebypoverty.

第4页/共82页dispelv.驱散,驱逐,使消散

dis-(away)+pel(todriveorpush)

Thesunsoondispelledthethickfogoverthefield.repelv.击退,抵制,使厌恶

re-(back)+pel(todrive)

repulsionn.推斥,排斥

repulsiveadj.推斥的,排斥的

Electricchargesofthesamesignrepeloneanother.expelv.驱逐,开除,排出

ex-(out)+pel(todrive)

expulsionn.逐出,开除

expulsiveadj.逐出的,开除的

Afterhisexpulsionfromthecabinettheministerbecamethesubjectofasmearcampaign.Itseemsthemediaandthepublicaliketakepleasureinhittingamanwhenhe'sdown.第5页/共82页propelv.推进,驱使

pro-(forward)+pel(todrive)

propulsionn.推进,推进力

propulsiveadj.推进的,有推进力的

Thisaircraftworksbyjetpropulsion

第6页/共82页由词根pel及其变体构成的词汇还有：pulsen.impulsen.impulsiveadj.Apollo

push

appealpolishPolitepushup*第7页/共82页precede,recede,retrocede,intercede,accede,concede这一组词共享词根ced，该词根在名词和形容词之中一般改为cess，并有变体ceed，为“走动(togo)”之意。

precedev.领先于,先于

pre-(before)+ced(togo)

precessionn.先行

Heprecededhisspeechwithwelcometotheguests.recedev.后退

re-(back)+ced(togo)

recessionn.撤回,退回,衰退

Asthetiderecededwewereabletolookforshells.Ifwecanpullthroughthisrecession,wewillbeingoodshape.retrocedev.回去，后退

retro-(backward)+ced(togo)

retrocessionn.退却

Undertheviolentattack,theenemyretrocededtotheforest.第8页/共82页intercedev.调解，求情

inter-(between)+ced(togo)

intercessionn.代为求情,代祷,调解

Thelawyerintercededwiththegovernorforacondemnedman.accedev.同意,加入

ac-(toward)+ced(togo)accessionn.就职,就任

Onhisaccessiontothethrone,heinheritedvastestate.concedev.勉强,承认,退让

con-(thoroughly)+ced(togo)

concessionn.让步

YoumustconcedethatIhavetriedmybest.

Employersmadeconcessionstotheworkersinnegotiations.第9页/共82页由词根ced构成的词汇还有：ceduren.

pro-(forward)+ced(togo)+-ure(manner)幻灯片13succeedv.

suc-(sub:fromunder)+ceed(togo)

successn.

successionn.

successorn.

successiveadj.accessn.

ac-(ad:to)+cess(togo)exceedv.

excessn.

excessiveadj.*announce第10页/共82页A．ance-,ante-ancestorn.antecedev.antennan.B．fore-foregroundn.foresee

v.foretellv.

forecastn.&v.第11页/共82页C．pre-prefacen.precautionn.preliminaryadj.。D．pro-progressn.→sperv.→prosperousadj.繁荣的E．ex-ex-presidentn.幻灯片12第12页/共82页supersede,succeed,proceed,exceed,accede,antecede,cede,concede,intercede,precede,recede,secede第13页/共82页announce,denounce,enounce,pronounce,renounce这一组词共享词根nounc，该词根在名词和形容词之中一般改为nunc，为“呼喊(totellorspeak)”之意。announcev.宣布,通告

an-(toward)+nounc(tocall)

announcementn.宣告,发表

Thegovernmentannouncedthattheywouldbuildanewhighwaytothemountain.denouncev.公开指责,公然抨击

de-

(down)+nounc

(tocall)

denunciationn.谴责,告发

Theminister'sactionwasdenouncedinthenewspaper.

enouncev.宣言,声明,说出

e-(out)+nounc(tocall)

enunciationn.宣言,声明

Heenouncedhisrevolutionaryfaith,hishatredofcapitalism.第14页/共82页pronouncev.发音,宣告,断言

pro-(forward)+nounc(tocall)

pronunciationn.发音

Theministerwasaskedtopronounceontheproposednewlegislation.

renouncev.放弃

re-(back)+nounc(tocall)幻灯片17

renunciationn.放弃,弃权,脱离关系

Herenouncedhisclaimtotheproperty.

*declaim第15页/共82页A．post-postponev.posthumousadj.B．re-

retreatv.&n.reflectv.resistv.revoltv.&n.retaliatev.→retaliationn.C．retro-retrospectv.&n.幻灯片16第16页/共82页declaim,exclaim,proclaim,acclaim,disclaim,reclaim这一组词共享词根claim，该词根在名词和形容词之中一般改为clam，为“呼喊(tocalloutorshout)”之意。

declaimv.慷慨陈词,高声朗读，猛烈抨击，演讲

de-(completely)+claim(toshout)

declamationn.雄辨

ThemayordeliveredalongdeclamationontheNationalDay.

exclaimv.呼喊,惊叫,大声叫

ex-(out)+claim(toshout)exclamation(n.惊呼,感叹)

Tclaimv.宣布,声明

pro-(forward)+claim(toshout)

proclamationn.宣布

Theringingbellsproclaimedthenewsofthebirthoftheprince.第17页/共82页acclaimv.&n.喝彩,欢呼

ac-(toward)+claim(toshout)

acclamationn.喝彩,欢呼

Hewasacclaimedasthewinner.

disclaimv.放弃,弃权,否认

dis-(away)+claim(toshout)

disclamationn.放弃

Theemployerdisclaimedallresponsibilityforthefireaccident.reclaimv.要求归还,回收,开垦

re-(back)+claim(toshout)

reclamationn.开垦,改造,回收

Youmaybeentitledtoreclaimsomeofthetaxyoupaidlastyear.第18页/共82页由词根claim构成的词汇还有：clamourn.&v.喧闹，叫嚷，大声要求

clam(toshout)+our(thestate)

clamorousadj.大喊大叫的

Owenpaused,andimmediatelytherearoseagreatclamourfromthelisteners.*第19页/共82页confuse,diffuse,effuse,profuse,suffuse,infuse这一组词共享词根fus，为“熔化，浇注(tomeltorpour)”之意，fund

和found

为此词根的变体。

confusev.使混乱，混淆

con-(together)+fus(tomelt)

confusionn.混乱，混淆

TheyaskedmesomanyquestionsthatIgotconfused.diffusev.散播,传播,漫射,扩散

dif-(away)+fus(tomelt)

diffusionn.扩散,传播,漫射

Adropofmilkdiffusedinthewater,anditbecamecloudy.

effusev.涌出,流出,泻出，倾吐，抒发

ef-(out)+fus(tomelt)

effusionn.流出物,泻出

Thecriticsobjectedtohisliteraryeffusionbecauseitwastooflowery.第20页/共82页profuseadj.极其丰富的

pro-(forward)+fus(topour)

profusionn.丰富

Thereisaprofusionofflowersinthegardeninsummer.suffusev.弥漫于,充满或扩散

suf-(down)+fus(topour)

suffusionn.

Hereyesweresuffusedwithwarm,excitedtears.

infusev.灌输,注入幻灯片24

infusionn.灌输

Theleaderhadthegiftofbeingabletoinfuseenthusiasmintothemostskepticalmemberofthegroup.第21页/共82页由词根fus构成的词汇还有：refundv.fusev.refusev.foundv.foundern.foundryn.funneln.refutev.*aggress第22页/共82页A．im-,in-,il-,ir-imprisonv.impulsen.&v.inflatev.inflationn.illustratev.illustrationn.irrigatev.irrigationn.B．em-,en-embracen.&v.

enrollv.&n.第23页/共82页A．ex-前缀ex-有多个变体，如：e-,ec-和ef-，表示三种含义：1）out,outof（出来）,2)former（前任）,3)thoroughlyandcompletely（完全），此前缀的构词能力很强，主要构成以下词汇：emerge

v.

excludev.B.exo-exoticadj.C.extra-extracurricularadj.幻灯片22第24页/共82页aggress,digress,egress,regress,transgress,progress,retrogress

这一组词共享词根gress，为“行走(tostep)”之意，来自于拉丁语gradus，因而有变体grad和gred。

aggressv.攻击,侵犯

ag(toward)-+gress(tostep)

aggressionn.进攻,侵略

aggressiveadj.侵略的;攻击的;挑衅的

Thewarringnationsaccusedofeachotherofaggression.digressv.离题

di-(aside)+gress(tostep)

digressionn.离题

digressiveadj.离题的,枝节的

Theoldprofessorusedtodigressfromhissubjectforamomenttotellhisstudentsafunnystory.egressn.&v.出口,外出

e-(out)+gress(tostep)

egressionn.外出

Theenemyblockedthenarrowpasssothatnoegresswaspossibleforoursoldiers.

regressv.退回,回归

re-+gress

regressionn.衰退,倒退

Manymen,whenveryangry,regresstotheirchildhoodandshowtheirbadtemperbyshoutingandstampingtheirfeet.第25页/共82页transgressv.越界,违法

trans-(across)+gress(tostep)

transgressionn.违反,犯罪

Hisbehaviortransgressedthemoralrulesofthesocialconduct.

progressv.&n.前进,进步

progressionn.前进

progressiveadj.前进的

Theshipmadeslowprogressthroughtheroughsea.

retrogressv.倒退,退步,衰退

retrogressionn.后退,衰退,退化

Exposedtotheimmoralenvironment,theseyoungmenweredegenerated,anddegenerationsignifiesmoralretrogression.第26页/共82页由词根gress构成的词汇还有：graden.gradualadj.graduatev.&n.congressn.degradev.degreen.ingredientn.centigraden.&adj.*第27页/共82页detain,pertain,retain,attain,abstain,contain,maintain,sustain这一组词共享词根tain，该词根在名词和形容词之中一般改为ten,tent,tin，为“握，持(tohold)，伸，拉”之意。detainv.拘留,留住,阻止

de-(away)+tain(tohold)

detentionn.拘留,留住

Iwasdetainedbyanunexpectedvisitorthatmorning.

pertainv.有关联,适合,属于

per-(through)+tain(tohold)

pertinentadj.有关的,相干的,中肯的

Hisremarkdidnotpertaintothequestion.retainv.保持,保留

re-(back)+tain(tohold)

retentionn保持,保留

Weretainedtheoriginalfireplacewhenwedecoratedtheroom.

attainv.达到,获得

at-(toward)+tain(tohold)

attainableadj.可到达的,可得到的

LeeattainedthepositionofPresidentoftheFordMotors.第28页/共82页abstainv.禁绝,放弃

abs-(away)+tain(tohold)

abstentionn.节制

abstinencen.节制,节欲,戒酒

abstinentadj.饮食有度的,有节制的,禁欲的

Fivemembersvotedfortheproposal,eightvotedagainst,andtwoabstained.containv.包含,容纳

con-(together)+tain(tohold)

Thisbookcontainsalltheinformationyouneed.maintainv.维持,维修,继续

main-(hand)+tain(tohold)

maintenancen.维护,保持

Inordertomaintainphysicalwellbeing,apersonshouldeatwholesomefoodandgetsufficientexercise.

sustainv.支撑,撑住,维持,持续

sus-(under)+tain(tohold)幻灯片31

sustenancen.食物,生计

Theseawallsustainstheshockofthewaves.幻灯片33第29页/共82页A．over-overcastadj.v.&n.B．super-superstructuren.superficialadj.superstitionn.C．sur-surpassv.第30页/共82页A．sub-源于拉丁语的英语前缀sub-具有以下含义：1）under;beneath（在……之下）,2)secondary;subordinate（低于，次于）,3)lessthan（不如），它根据后接词干的首字母的不同而改变形状，因而有多种变体：suc-,suf-,sug-,sum-,sup-,sur-,sus-，主要构成以下词汇：submergev.

submarinen.subordinateadj.n.B．de-.

devaluev.depress

v.

C．under-underminev.D．hypo-hypothesisn.幻灯片30第31页/共82页由词根tain构成的词汇还有：tenantn.

ten(tohold)+-ant(person)continentn.

con(together)+tin(tohold)+-ent(thing)

continentaladj.continuev.

con(together)+tinu(tohold)+elieutenantn.

lieu(aplace)+ten(tohold)+-ant(person)contentn.&a.entertainv.tennisn.第32页/共82页enseadj.pretendv.obtainv.thinadj.*第33页/共82页attract,contract,detract,distract,extract,subtract,protract这一组词共享词根tract，为“拉，抽(todraw)”之意。attractv.吸引

at-(toward)+tract(todraw)

attractionn.吸引

attractiveadj.吸引人的,有魅力的

Shewasattractedbythenoveladvertisement.contractn.&v.契约，合同；收缩

con-(together)+tract(todraw)

contractionn.收缩,紧缩

Theirfirmhavecontractedtobuildadouble-purposebridgeacrosstheriver.detractv.转移,削弱;贬低

de-(away)+tract(todraw)

detractionn.诽谤

Thatdoesnotdetractfromhismerit.distractv.分散(注意力等);使分心

dis-(apart)+tract(todraw)

distractionn.娱乐,分心

distractiveadj.分散注意力的,扰乱的

Myattentionsaredistractedfrommystudy.第34页/共82页extractv.拔出,榨取

ex-(out)+tract(todraw)

extractionn.榨取，提取

Wecanextractoilfromolive.subtractv.减去,扣除

sub-+tract

subtractionn.减少

Thatsubtractsnothingfromhismerit.

protractv.延长，拖延

pro-(forward)+tract(todraw)

protractionn.延长，伸长第35页/共82页由词根tract构成的词汇还有：abstractn.

adj.&v.trace

n.trait

n.tractor

n.trackn.trail

n.trainn.retreatv.&n.*第36页/共82页reduce,deduce,educe,induce,seduce,produce这一组词共享词根duc，该词根在名词和形容词之中一般改为duct，为“引导(tolead)”之意。reducev.减少,缩小,简化,还原，降级

re-(back)+duc(tolead)

reductionn.减少,缩小

reductiveadj.减少的,还原的

They'vereducedthepricesintheshop,soit'sagoodtimetobuy.deducev.演绎推理

de-(downfrom)+duc(tolead)

deductionn.减除,推论,演绎

deductiveadj.推论的,演绎的

Ifyouseeadoctorleavingahouse,cev.得出,导出,引出

e-(out)+duc(tolead)

eductionn.导出,引出

Theteacher’squestionseducedmanyfactsabouthomegardens.第37页/共82页inducev.劝诱,促使,导致,引起,感应，归纳

in-(into)+duc(tolead)

inductionn.感应,感应现象,归纳

inductiveadj.诱导的,归纳的

Whatinducedyoutodosuchafoolishthing?

seducev.诱惑,引诱,使着迷

se-(away)+duc(tolead)

seductionn.诱惑

seductiveadj.诱人的

Shewasseducedbyamanwhoneverkepthispromisetomarryher.

producev.生产,制造,引起,招致

pro-(forward)+duc(tolead)

productn.产品

productionn.生产

productiveadj.生产的,能产的,多产的

Hisannouncementproducedgaspsofamazement.第38页/共82页由词根duc构成的词汇还有：conductv.&catev.

e-(ex-)(outof)+duc(tolead)+-roducev.

intro-(into)+duc(tolead)+-eabductv.

ab(awayfrom)+duct(tolead)duke

n.duchessn.dockn.tuckv.tugv.*第39页/共82页ascribe,describe,inscribe,prescribe,proscribe,subscribe,transcribe

这一组词共享词根scrib，该词根在名词和形容词之中一般改为script，为“书写(towrite)”之意。

ascribev.归因于

a-(toward)+scrib(towrite)

Sheascribeddifficultiestooverspending.describev.描写,记述

de-(down)+scrib(towrite)

descriptionn.描写

descriptiveadj.描述的,叙述的

Thebeautyofthesunriseisbeyonddescription.inscribe

v.记下，题写

in-(into)+scrib(towrite)

inscriptionn.题字，碑铭

Themonumentwasinscribedwithnamesofthewardead.

第40页/共82页prescribev.指示，规定，开处方

pre-(before)+scrib(towrite)

prescriptionn.指示，规定，处方

prescriptiveadj.说明性的

Tscribev.禁止

pro-(before)+scrib(towrite)

proscriptionn.放逐,禁止subscribev.签署，订阅，捐款

sub-(underneath)+scrib(towrite)

subscriptionn.捐献，定金，签署，订阅

subscribern.订户，签署者，捐献者transcribe

v.转录

trans-(from…to…)+scrib(towrite)

transcriptn.抄本

transcriptionn.抄，转录

That,hereflected,mightalmosthavebeenatranscriptionfromatextbook.第41页/共82页由词根scrib构成的词汇还有：conscriptv.&n.征兵，应征士兵

con-(together)+script(towrite)

conscriptionn.

征兵

Heescapedconscriptionbecausehewastoofat.scriben.抄写者

scriptn.手迹，笔迹scribblev.潦草得涂，潦草得画

postscriptn.附言manuscriptn.circumscribev.*第42页/共82页concur,incur,occur,recur

这一组词共享词根cur，该词根还有变体cur,cour，cor,car,char源于拉丁语currere，为“跑(torun)”之意。concurv.

同时发生，同意

con-(together)+cur(togo,run)

concurrentadj.并发的，协作的，一致的

concurrencen.同时发生

concoursen.集合，合流，群众

Everythingconcurredtoproduceasuccessfulresult.

incurv.招致

in-(into)+cur(togo,run)

incursionn.袭击，入侵

Iresenttheseincursionsintomyleisuretime.

occurv.发生，出现

oc-(toward)+cur(togo,run)

occurrencen.发生，出现，事件

Thatplanecrashoccurredonlyminutesaftertake-off.

。recurv.复发，重现，再来

re-(back,again)+cur(torun,go)

recurrencen.复发，循环

recurrentadj.周期性发生的，循环的

Thethoughtofatriparoundtheworldhasoftenrecurredtomymind.第43页/共82页由词根cur构成的词汇还有：currentn.&ercoursen.excursionn.cursorn.corridorn.curriculumn.carn.careern.carryv.carriern.第44页/共82页cargo

n.chargen.&v.dischargen.&v.carpentern.*第45页/共82页eminent,imminent,preeminent,prominent

这一组词共享词根min，源于拉丁语minari，为“突出，伸出(toproject)”之意。eminentadj.杰出的，突出的，著名的

e-(out)+min(tostickout)+-ent

eminencen.杰出，卓越，著名

Themanwhoachievedthisinfluencewasanunlikelycandidateforsucheminence.

imminentadj.急迫的，危急的；迫近的

im-(into)+min(tostickout)+-ent

imminencen.急迫，危急；迫近的危险

Theimminenceoftheirexamsmadethestudentsworkevenharder.

preeminentadj.卓越的，杰出的

pre-(before)+e-(out)+min(tostickout)+-ent

ShakespeareandBenJohnsonarepreeminentamongEminentadj.杰出的，卓越的，引人注目的，著名的

pro-(forward)+min-(tostickout)+-ent

prominencen.显著，杰出，卓越

Thehouseisinaprominentpositiononthevillagegreen.第46页/共82页mountainn.mountv.&n.amountn.&v.mouthn.menacen.MontrealMontanaMonteCarloMontgomery第47页/共82页minuten.minuteadj.minusadj.minorityn.ministern.diminishv.minimumn.*第48页/共82页abrupt,corrupt,disrupt,erupt,interrupt

这一组词共享词根rupt，源于拉丁语rumpere，为“打断，爆发(tobreak)”之意。abruptadj.突然的

ab-(off)+rupt(tobreak)

Themeetingcametoanabruptend.

corruptadj.腐败的，被破坏的；v.腐蚀，腐烂

cor-(thoroughly)+rupt(tobreak)

corruptionn.腐败，堕落

Corruptionstandsinthewayofthedevelopmentofthesociety.disrupt

v.使中断，使分裂，破坏

dis-(apart)+rupt(tobreak)

disruptionn.中断，分裂，破坏

Anaccidenthasdisruptedrailwayservicesintoandoutofthecity.第49页/共82页eruptv.爆发，喷发

e-(out)+rupt(tobreak)

eruptionn.爆发

Theplacewasrecentlyvisitedbyaseriousvolcaniceruption.

interruptv.打断，中断

inter-(between,inbetween)+rupt(tobreak)

interruptionn.中断，打断

Tradebetweenthetwocountrieswasinterruptedbythewar.第50页/共82页bankruptadj.,v.&n.bankruptcyn.ripv.&n.robv.robbern.robberyn.roben.wardroben.*第51页/共82页

confer,defer,differ,offer,prefer,proffer,refer,transfer

这一组词共享词根fer，源于拉丁语ferre，为“tobring,tocarry（携带）”之意。

conferv.协商，授予

con-(together)+fer(tocarry)

conferencen.会议，协商会议

Theschoolconferredanawardonthestudent.deferv.to推迟，听从

de-(down)+fer(tocarry)

deferencen.顺从，尊重

defermentn.推迟，延迟

Theeffectofdefermentwillnotbephysicallynoticeableforatleastseveralmonths.

differv.不一致,不同

dif-(apart)+fer(tocarry)

differencen.差异,差别,分歧

differentadj.不同的

indifferentadj.

Thebrothersdifferwidelyintheirtastes.

offerv.&n.提供,出价,贡献,献祭

of-(to)+fer(tocarry)

Hecametowardsme,smiledandofferedhishand.

第52页/共82页preferv.更喜欢,宁愿

pre-(before)+fer(tocarry)

preferencen.偏爱,优先选择

HechoseGermany,butpersonallyI'dprefertogotoSpain.

Efferv.&n.提供

pro-(forward)+fer(tocarry)

Sheprofferedhimherresignation.

referv.提交，谈及，涉及

re-(back)+fer(tocarry)

referencen.提及，参考

referendumn.全民公决

refereen.

Thegovernmentisgoingtoholdareferendumonwhethergamblingshouldbeforbidden.transferv.&n.转移，迁移，调换

trans-(across)+fer(tocarry)

transferableadj.可转移的，可调换的

transferencen.转移，迁移，调换

Thetransferenceofhispropertywashandledbyalawyer.第53页/共82页由词根fer构成的词汇还有：ferryn.inferv.inferencen.fertileadj.fertilityn.fertilizev.sufferv.fortunen.metaphorn.*第54页/共82页abject,deject,eject,inject,object,project,subject

这一组词共享词根ject，源于拉丁语iacere，并有变体jac，为“tothrow,lie,orbethrowndown（投掷）”之意。

abjectadj.可怜的，卑鄙的

ab-(away)+ject(tothrow)

Theywerelivinginsuchabjectpovertythattheycouldnotevenaffordthebarenecessities.

dejectv.使沮丧，使灰心

de-(down)+ject(tothrow)

dejectionn沮丧

Thelossofbattledejectedthesoldiersverymuch.ejectv.逐出，撵出，喷射

e-(out)+ject(tothrow)

ejectionn喷出，排出物

Thenoisyyouthswereejectedfromthecinema.

inject

v.注射，注入

in-(into)+ject(tothrow)

injection

注射，注入

Simoninjectedatouchofhumorintotheconversation.第55页/共82页objectn.物体,目标,宾语,对象；v.反对,拒绝,抗议

ob-(toward)+ject(tothrow)

objectionn.反对

objectiveadj.客观的

Somepeopleobjectedthatthenewtaxlawwasunfair.

projectv.&n.投射,放映,设计,计划,工程

pro-(forward)+ject(tothrow)

Willyoubeabletoprojectthefilmforus?

projectionn.

projectorn.

projectionistn.subjectn.主题,科目,学科；v.使屈从于,使隶属；adj.受他国统治的,未独立的,受制于……的

sub-(under)+ject(tothrow)

Wearesubjecttothelawoftheland.第56页/共82页由词根ject构成的词汇还有：adjacentadj.

ad-(near)+jac(tobethrowndown)+-ent(-ing)rejectv.adjectiven.&v.jetn.*第57页/共82页

assume,consume,presume,resume

这一组词共享词根sum，源于拉丁语sumere，并有变体sumpt，为“totake（取，拿）”之意。assumev.假定,设想,采取,呈现

as-(toward)+sum(totake)

assumptionn.假定,设想,担任,承当

Youassumehimtobeinnocentbeforehearingtheevidenceagainstit.consume

v.消耗,消费,消灭

con-(together)+sum(totake)

consumptionn.消费,消费量,肺病

consumptiveadj.消费的,消耗性的

Ialwaystakefuelconsumptionintoconsiderationwhenbuyingacar.

presumev.假定,假设,认为

pre-(before)+sum(totake)

presumptionn.假定

We'rehavingthepartyinthegardenonthepresumptionthatit'snotgoingtorain.

resumev.恢复,重新占用,重新开始

re-(back)+sum(totake)

resumptionn.

Hepaused,drankaglassofhiswine,reflectedforamoment,andresumed.第58页/共82页examplen.exemplifyv.samplen.ransomn.&v.summitn.sumn.summaryn.*第59页/共82页conserve,deserve,observe,preserve,reserve

这一组词共享词根serv，为“保留,保护(tokeeporprotect)”之意。conservev.保存,保藏

con-(together)+serv(tokeep)

conservativeadj.&n.保守的,保守派

conservationn.保存

conservatoryn.温室,音乐学校

Mostpeoplehavecometoaccepttheneedforconservationofnaturalresources.

deservev.应受,值得

de-(foremphasis)+serv(tokeep)

You'vebeenworkingallmorning---youdeservearest.observev.观察,观测,遵守

ob-(toward)+serv(tokeep)

observationn.观察,观测

observatoryn.天文台,气象台preservev.保护,保持,保存,保藏

pre-(before)+serv(tokeep)

preservationn.保存

Ithinktheseinterestingoldcustomsshouldbepreserved.

reservev.&n.储备,保存,保留,预定

re-(again)+serv(tokeep)

reservationn.保留,预定

reservoirn.

Thehotelprovidesareservationofticketsforitsresidents.

第60页/共82页heron.heroicadj.heroinen.*第61页/共82页constitute,destitute,institute,restitute,substitute

这一组词共享词根stitut，来自于拉丁语stare，表示“站立(tostand)”之意，并进一步引申为“设立(tosetup)”。constitutev.构成，组成

con-(together)+stitut(tosetup)

constitutionn.宪法,构造

constituentn.委托人,要素

Thecountry'sconstitutionembodiestheidealsoffreedomandequality.

destituteadj.困穷的,缺乏的

de-(down)+stitut(tostand)

destitutionn.穷困,缺乏,贫穷

Thefewpackagesoffoodseemedamockeryinthefaceofsuchenormous

destitution.institutev.创立,开始,制定；n.学会,学院,协会

in-(on)+stitut(tosetup)

institutionn.公共机构,协会,制度

institutionaladj.制度上的

Thepoliceinstitutedaninquiryintothecauseoftheaccident.第62页/共82页restitute

v.复原,归还

re-(back)+stitut(tosetup)

restitutionn.归还

Thegovernmentorderedthepoliceouttorestituteorderinthestreets.

substituten.代替者,替代品;v.代替,替代

sub-(under)+stitut(tosetup)

substitutionn.代替,取代作用

Theunderstudysubstitutedwhentheleadingactorfellill.第63页/共82页由词根stitut构成的词汇还有：prostituten.staten.stationn.stayv.&

n.distancen.constantadj.circumstancen.obstaclen.restv.superstitionn.

superstitiousadj.contrastn.&v.*第64页/共82页admit,commit,emit,intermit,omit,permit,transmit

这一组词共享词根mit，来自于拉丁语mittere，并有变体miss，表示“发、送（tosend,letgo）”之意。admit

v.容许，承认，接纳

ad-(to)+mit(tosend,letgo)

admissionn.允许进入，承认