2023届高考英语二轮复习：动词的时态和语态 课件

动词的时态和语态

一、常见时态及其谓语动词的构成

一般进行完成现在am/is/are+表am/is/are+doinghave/has

+

donedo/does过去was/were+表was/were+doinghaddonedid将来will/shall+dowill/shallbe+doingwill/shallhave+doneam/is/aregoing+todo体时用数轴法理解时态二、动词在不同时态下的变化study三单：studies过去式：studied过去分词：studied现在分词：studyinggo三单：goes过去式：went过去分词：went现在分词：goinglive三单：lives过去式：lived过去分词：lived现在分词：livingsit三单：sits过去式：sat过去分词：sat现在分词：sittingstop三单：stops过去式：stopped过去分词：stopped现在分词：stopping总结：1.一般现在时(主语三单)：lives,sits,stops,goes,studies→一般+s→以ch,sh,s,o,x结尾的动词后+es→以辅音+y结尾的动词,先将y→i,再+es总结：2.一般过去时：lived,stopped,studied,sat,went规则变化→一般+ed(以e结尾直接+d)→元+辅且重读结尾的单词，双写该辅音后再加+ed→以辅音+y结尾的动词,先将y→i,再+ed不规则变化：sat,went（背不规则动词表第2列）总结：3.过去分词：lived,stopped,studied,sat,

gone规则变化→一般+ed(以e结尾直接+d)→元+辅且重读结尾的单词，双写该辅音后再加+ed→以辅音+y结尾的动词,先将y→i,再+ed不规则变化：sat,gone（背不规则动词表第3列）总结：4.现在分词：studying,going,stopping,sitting,living规则变化→一般+ing→元+辅且重读结尾的单词，双写该辅音后再加+ing→以e结尾的动词,去掉e再+ing不规则变化：die,lie,tie三个把ie→y再+ing→dying,lying,tying三、被动语态1.Thecateatsthefish.猫吃鱼（主动语态）→Thefishiseatenbythecat.鱼被猫吃（被动语态）主谓宾宾谓主*主动语态变被动语态的一般方法2.Thecatatethefish.猫吃了鱼（主动语态）→Thefishwaseatenbythecat.鱼被猫吃了（被动）3.Thecatwilleatthefish.猫要吃鱼（主动语态）→Thefishwillbeeatenbythecat.鱼要被猫吃（被动）4.Thecathaseatenthefish.猫已经吃了鱼（主动）→Thefishhasbeeneatenbythecat.鱼已经被猫吃了（被）Thefishiseatenbythecat.鱼被猫吃(一般现在)Thefish

waseatenbythecat.鱼被猫吃了(一般过去)Thefishwillbeeatenbythecat.鱼要被猫吃(一般将来)Thefishhasbeeneatenbythecat.鱼已经被猫吃了(现完)总结：被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词随时态而变化时态主动语态被动语态:be+V.ed(过分)一般现do/doesam/is/are+done一般过didwas/were+done一般将willdowillbe+doneam/is/aregoingtodoam/is/aregoingtobedone现完have/hasdonehave/hasbeen+done情态动词情态动词+do情态动词+be+done被动语态也有各种时态变化,列表如下（以动词do为例）:Tips：不规则动词表的使用一般现在时主语非三单情态动词/助动词+V.(原)一般过去时现在/过去完成时被动语态Exercise1观察句子1.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.2.Igohomeeverydaybybike.3.Itoldyoutocalmdown,bothofyou!4.Infact,westayedatthesamecampsitewhenIwasfiveyearsold,too.5.Themusicindustryisdevelopingfastnow.6.AndI’msureplayinginabandwillhelpyoumakelotsofnewfriendsatuniversity.7.Iamgoingtovisitthemuseumsoon.8.Shestillhassmoothskinandstraightblackhair,andjogginghaskeptherslimandfit.我的领悟1.句1,2使用了一般现在时,其谓语动词形式是动词第三人称单数形式和动词原形。2.句3,4使用了一般过去时,其谓语动词的构成形式是动词的过去式。3.句5使用了现在进行时,其谓语动词的构成是bedoing。4.句6谓语由willdo构成,表单纯的将来的安排;句7中amgoingto表“打算做某事”。5.句8使用了现在完成时。【微练1】用动词的正确形式填空①Asyouknow,itsnows

(snow)inwinter.②PleasetellmeassoonasMarkcalls(call)you.③Mymothertoldmetheearthmoves(move)aroundthesun.④Theflighttakes(take)offat2:30pmeveryFriday.①TheexhibitionopenedonJanuary1standclosed

(close)onJanuary31st.②Shedidn’tgooutlastnight,becauseshehad(have)aheadache.③Tomwaslate,soheopened(open)thedoorquietly.④Hegotup,washed(wash)hisface,hadhisbreakfastandwenttowork.【微练3】用动词的正确形式填空①Hurryup!Thebusiscoming(come).②Sinceitisraining(rain)hard,youmayaswellstayhereuntilitstops.③Look!Thetwoboysarestanding(stand)there.④Iamleaving(leave)forShanghaithedayaftertomorrow.【微练4】用动词的正确形式填空①ThisisthefirsttimethatI

havebeeninvited(invite)toLondon.②Wehavefinished(finish)alltheworkandwe’retotallyrelaxed.③Nobodyhasseen(see)himsincethen.④Ihaveworked(work)inthebigcompanyforyears.【微练5】用动词的正确形式填空①Assoonasyoucomehere,Iwillshow(show)youaroundthecity.②Inthefuture,Iwillbecome(become)adesigner.Exercise2Ⅰ.用所给动词的正确形式填空1.Wewillputoffthepicnictillnextweekendifit

(rain)tomorrow.答案

rains

2.Myfather

(smoke)fortenyearsbuthegivesitupbecauseofhisillness.答案与解析

smoked

3.IfyoucometovisitChina,you

(experience)acultureofamazingdepthandvariety.答案与解析

will

experience

4.Themeeting

(begin)smoothly,butthenthingsstartedtogowrong.答案与解析

began

5.He

(drink)toomuchandwasunabletorememberanything.答案与解析

drank

6.Theotherday,he

(drive)hiscartovisithisparents.答案与解析

drove

7.Look!Somechildren

(play)basketballintheyard.答案与解析

are

playing8.Greatchanges

(take)placeinthiscityinthepast10years.答案与解析

have

taken9.Pollycandrivebyherselfbecauseshe

(pass)hertest.答案与解析

has

passed

Ⅱ.语法填空

Overthepasttwentyyears,Americancountrymusic

1

(become)moreandmorepopular.Insteadofwritingaboutmoney,successorexpensivethingstobuy,songwritersnow

2

(write)oncemoreaboutthethingsthat

3

(be)commonforeveryonenowadays.Inthe1950s,Americanmusic

4

(be)aboutotherthings,forexample,love.Money

5

(consider)tobeimportant,too.Theninthe1960s,songwriters

6

(turn)toothersubjects.Duringtheseyearsmanyyou