Unit 4 Never too old to learn 知识点教案-高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第四册

选择性必修四Unit4Nevertoooldtolearn知识点教案Teachingobjectives1.知识目标：学生能够掌握本单元词汇的基本含义2.技能目标：学生能够掌握本单元词汇的基本运用3.情感目标：学生能够更有信心学习英语Keypoints,Difficultpoints1.掌握本单元词汇的基本含义2.掌握本单元词汇的基本含义Teachingprocedures：I.短语背诵inaverbalmanner以口头形式inawrittenformat以书面形式journeythrough穿越……旅行beperceivedas被认为/视为……pointout指出beimpressedon/uponsb.某人意识到theblankspace空白goblank(脑子)一片空白bevitalto对……很重要beexposedto接触，暴露于beboundto一定会，很可能会allthetime始终，一直totheextent达到……的程度keeppacewith步调致，与并驾齐驱resolveaproblem解决问题refreshone'sknowledge更新某人的知识lifelonglearning终身学习haveanopenmind有开阔的心胸makeoneselfopento让自己乐于接受……differfrom与……不同bedifferentfrom与……不同blindlyacceptnewideas盲目接受新思想inquireinto调查……registerforsth.登记……registeratsp.在某地登记subscribeto订阅；定期订购(或订阅等)；同意，赞成neverceasetodosth.不停止做某事ceasedoingsth.停止做某事criticalthinkingskills批判性思维技能theapplicationofknowledge知识的应用bebasedon基于……，以……为基础inductivereasoning归纳推理(be)knownas被称为；作为……而出名inotherwords换句话说arriveat得出(结论、真相等)fromthespecifictotheabstract从具体到抽象infact(=actually)事实上theblackswantheory黑天鹅理论daretodosth.敢于做某事thedomainof..……的领域onone'sown独立地，独自地goontodosth.接着做某事，继续做某事1个平comeupwith提出(观点、想法等)II.知识梳理1.Ioncehadanartteacher,pointingoutthatitisnotonlywhatyoucanseethatisimportant,butalsowhatyoucannotsee.我曾经的一位美术老师指出，不仅你所能看到的很重要，而且你看不到的也很重要。强调句型Itismyfatherthat/whowillhaveaface-to-facetalkwithme.是我父亲要和我进行一次面对面的谈话。ItwasJohnthat/whowasselectedtocompeteinthe100-metrerace.是约翰被选去参加100米赛跑。(1)陈述句的强调句型：Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分.该句型可强调主语、宾语、状语等，但不能强调谓语。Itwastheclowndoctorthat/whoentertainedthelittlecryingpatientsinthechildren'shospital.(强调主语)正是那个小丑医生在儿童医院里逗那些哭闹的小病人们开心。Itwasthelittlecryingpatientsthat/whotheclowndoctorentertainedinthechildren'shospital.(强调宾语)那个小丑医生在儿童医院逗乐的是那些哭闹的小病人们。Itwasinthechildren'shospitalthattheclowndoctorentertainedthelittlecryingpatients.(强调地点状语)就是在儿童医院里，那个小丑医生逗那些哭闹的小病人们开心。(2)一般疑问句的强调句型：Is/Wasit+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分?Wasityesterdaythatyouregisteredyourmarriage?你们是昨天登记结婚的吗？(3)特殊疑问句的强调句型:疑问词+is/wasit+that+其他部分?Whenandwherewasitthatyouwereborn?你到底是在何时何地出生的？◆误区警示(1)构成强调句型的it不能用其他词代替。(2)用is还是was要根据原句的时态而定：属于现在或将来时间范畴的所有时态用is；属于过去时间范畴的所有时态用was。(3)被强调部分指人时，可以用who代替that，其他情况一律用that。◆说明(1)判断句子是不是强调句型的方法：去掉itis/was和that/who，剩余部分若结构完整、句意明确，则为强调句型，否则就不是。(2)当强调句型强调一个含有“not...until..."句型的句子时，应使用固定句式“Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that+其他部分.”。Itisnotuntilheapprovesthatwewillstartourproject.直到他同意，我们才会开始我们的项目。◆单句语法填空①Youarewaitingatawrongplace.Itisatthehotel________thecoachpicksuptourists.②ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartment________Ifirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.◆句式仿写③是她的表演让病人高兴起来的。(强调主语)__________________________________________________④父母关心的是孩子们的安全。(强调宾语)__________________________________________________⑤他们的儿子是在游乐场走失的。(强调地点状语)__________________________________________________◆判断以下句子是不是强调句型⑥Itissuchaninterestingfilmthatallofuslikeitverymuch⑦Itwasmymotherthatyoumetinmyhomeyesterday.2.When1drewastilllife,itwasimpresseduponmethattheblankspacesbetweentheobjectswerejustasvitaltothesuccessofthecompositionastheactualobjectsthemselves.当我在画静物时，我意识到，成功的构图中，物体之间的留白和实际的物体本身一样关键。blankadj.空白的；茫然的m.空白处，空格(→blanklyadv.茫然地；没有表情地)(1)Pleasewriteyournameintheblankspaceatthetopofthepage.请把你的姓名写在这页上面的空白处。(2)MymindwasablankandIcouldn'trememberhername.我的大脑一片空白，记不起她的名字了。(3)Facingsuchaquestion,mostpeoplewillshaketheirheadsblankly.面对这样的问题，大多数人都会茫然地摇摇头。◆语块积累ablankcheck/form/page/tape空白支票/表格/页/磁带blankexpression/face茫然的表情/面孔blankout取消，删掉；忘记；消失◆词语辨析:blank与emptyblank指的是表面空白无物。empty指的是里面什么也没有。◆说明blank作动词时指“突然忘记或思路模糊”Shehastriedtoblankoutthewholeexperience.她试图把全部经历从记忆中抹去。◆单句语法填空①Shestared____________(blank)intospace,notknowingwhattosaynext.②Iwastryingtoblank_________previoussituationsfrommymind.③Foraminutetheyremainedstaring__________(blank)atonepositionn.构图；构成，成分；作品；作曲艺术(→composev.作曲；构成，形成；写作，创作；使镇静composern.作曲家)(1)Thecourseisdesignedtohelpstudentswithusingcolorandcomposition.设置这门课程是为了在色彩的运用和构图上帮助学生。(2)Shebegantocomposesongsatanearlyage.她在小小年纪就已经开始创作歌曲。(3)JohnLennonandPaulMcCartneywerenamedcomposersoftheyear.约翰•列侬和保罗▪麦卡特尼被评为年度最佳作曲家。◆语块积累becomposedof由……组成/构成composeoneself使某人镇静◆说明“由……组成/构成"的其他表达：consistof,bemadeupof。Wateriscomposedofhydrogenandoxygen.Waterconsistsofhydrogenandoxygen.Waterismadeupofhydrogenandoxygen.水由氢与氧化合而成。◆单句语法填空④Around15%ofourdiet__________(compose)ofprotein.⑤Itwasthefortiethanniversaryofthedeathofthe_________(compose).⑥Heplayedapieceofmusicofhisown__________(compose).⑦Adamwasnervousatfirstbutsooncomposed__________(him).◆同义句转换⑧Alllivingthingsaremadeupofcells._________________________________________________________3Also,asthegreateducatorConfuciusstated...而且，正如伟大教育家孔子所言……educatorn.教育家；教育工作者(→educatev.教育；培养；训练educatedadj受过教育的；有教养的educationn.教育；教育学)(1)TheChineseculturehasbeendeeplyinfluencedbyConfucius,agreatChineseteacherandeducator.孔子是一位伟大的老师和教育家，对中国的文化有很深的影响。(2)Thetelevisionprogramisdesignedtoeducateandnotmerelytoentertain.这个电视节目不仅是为了娱乐而且是为了教育而设计的。(3)ThenewCEOisaneducated,amiableanddecentman.新的首席执行官是一位受过良好教育、亲切、正派的人。(4)AIIcollegestudentsmusttakeclassesonmoraleducation.所有的大学生必须上思想品德教育课。◆语块积累educateoneself自学educatein在某方面教育/训练◆单句语法填空①He__________(educate)ataverygoodschoolwhenhewasyoung.②Myfatherwasascientist,buthewaswell__________(educate)inthehumanities.③EverySundayhespenttwohoursintrainingfordriver__________(educate)forthelasttwomonths.④Youngmenwereonceeducated__________goodmanners,andhowtotreatalady.4.Furthermore,theproductionofknowledgeisboundtogrowrapidly.此外，知识的生产一定会迅速增长。boundadj.一定会，很可能会；有义务(做某事)；准备前往(某地)Thereareboundtobepriceincreasesnextyear.明年价格必然会上涨。◆语块积累beboundto一定会，很可能会beboundfor开往……Thisannouncementisboundtoshaketheconfidenceoftheindustry.这个声明必将动摇这一行业的信心。◆说明当bound表示“一定会，必定会”或“准备前往”时，只用作表语。作“一定会，必定会”讲时，其后常接动词不定式；作“准备前往”讲时，常跟for短语表示目的地。◆单句语法填空①Thetakeoverofthecompanyisbound__________(mean)morejoblosses.②InthemorningthewagontrainsleftfromLanham,Nebraska,boundOregonandCalifornia.◆完成句子③There______________________(一定会有变化)whenthenewsystemisintroduced.④Thefighthastakenoffat8:01fromNewark,N.J,______________（飞往）SanFranciscotheextentthatitcanbedifficulttokeeppacewiththelatestdevelopments.……以至于很难跟上最新的发展。keeppacewith与……步调一致，与……并驾齐驱Shefoundithardtokeeppacewithhimashestrodeoff.他大步走开了，她感到很难跟上他。◆语块积累setthepace领先；起领头作用；定速度putsb.throughsb.'spaces测试某人的能力paceupanddown走来走去Chinacontinuestosetthepaceintermsofeconomicgrowth.中国的经济增长继续保持着领先地位◆单句语法填空①Thecoachspentthewholemorningputtingthenewcomer__________hispaces.②Ifyouaskthefastrunnertoset__________pace,thenmostofthemwillbeleftbehind.③TheearningsoftheaverageAmericanhavefailedtokeeppace__________therateofinflation.◆完成句子④Thecaptain____________(领先)formostofthecourseinthisyear’smarathon.⑤She________________(与……步调一致)thetideandisalwaysdressedinthelatestfashion.6.Indeed,youmayonedaydojobsthatdonotyetexist,usetechnologiesthatarenotyetdevelopedandresolveproblemsthatarenotyetproblems!的确，可能有一天你会从事目前还不存在的职业，使用现在还未开发的技术，解决当下还不是问题的问题!resolvevt.&vi解决；表决；决心，决定；分解n.决心，坚定的信念(→resolvedadj.下定决心的；断然的)(1)Wemustfindawaytoresolvetheseproblemsbeforeit'stoolate.我们必须及时找到解决这些问题的方法。(2)Thedifficultyinherwaymerelystrengthenedherresolve.她遇到的困难不过增强了她的决心。(3)Shewasresolvedtoavoidseeingpossible.她决定尽量避免见到他。◆语块积累(1)resolveon央定(某事)resolvetodosth.决心做某事beresolvedtodosth.决心做某事o...把……变成……分解为resolvethat...决定……(2)makearesolvetodosth.下定决心做某事◆说明表示“决定，决心”的词：resolve，decision，determination，resolution◆单句语法填空①Manystudentsresolve_________studyingabroadaftergraduation.②Thischemicalsubstancecanberesolved__________acidandoxygen.③TheSupremeCouncilresolved___________(resume)controloverthenationalpress.◆完成句子④Thedirector__________________________(已经决定了一项计划)tosavethefirm.⑤He______________________(决心)goonajourneyearlyinthenextmorning.7.Thisisnottosuggestthatthereisnoneedforyoutostudyinschoolbuttoacknowledgethatrefreshingyourknowledgethroughlifelonglearningisbothessentialandbeneficial.这并不是说你没有必要在学校学习，而是要承认通过终身学习来更新你的知识是必要和有不益的。refreshvt.使变新；使恢复精力；使想起(→refreshedadj.恢复精神的，清爽的refreshmentn.提神；点心，茶点)(1)I'verefreshedthepageafewtimesandstillseenocomments.这一页我已经反复刷新了几次，但是仍未见到任何评论。IthinkI'lljustrefreshmyselfwithacupofteabeforeIgotomeetthechildren.我想在见孩子们之前先喝杯茶来恢复一下精神。(2)Onceyouarepractisedatthissortofrelaxationyouwillfeelquiterefreshedafterwards.一旦你熟悉了这种放松方式，在放松之后就会感到神清气爽。◆语块积累(1)refreshoneself使自已恢复精神refreshone'smemory唤起某人的记忆(2)feelrefreshed消除疲劳；恢复精神makesb.refreshed使某人精神振作lightrefreshments小吃refreshmentroom小吃部◆单句语法填空①Theyrefreshedthemselves____________cansoflightbeer.②Whenyouneed____________(refresh),trycoffeeanddessertatasidewalkcafe.③Planyouractivitiessothatyouarerestedandsaid__________(refresh)whensomethingimportantiscomingup.◆完成句子④He___________________（……使自己恢复精神）acoldshower,thenwentbacktowork.⑤Ifweareunderpressureforalongtime,doingsomeexercisecan___________________(使我们精神振奋).8.Beobjectiveandmakeyourselfopentonewknowledgeandideas.要客观，对新知识和新想法保持开放的态度。objectiveadj.客观的；客观存在的；宾格的n.目标，目的(→objectivelyadv.客观地)(1)Scientistsneedtobeobjectivewhendoingresearch.科学家做研究时要客观。(2)Theydidresearchonmanyplantswiththeobjectiveoffindinganeffectivewaytocurethedisease.他们对许多植物进行了研究，目的是找到一种治疗(3)Trytoviewsituationsmoreobjectively,especiallywithregardtowork.要尽量客观地分析情况，尤其是在工作上。◆语块积累themain/chief/primaryobjective主要目标theeconomic/military/politicalobjective经济/军事/政治目标objectivereality/world客观现实/世界withtheobjectiveof目的是……◆说明表示“目标，目的"的词有objective,aim,goal,purpose,target,object等。◆单句语法填空①Ourmain___________(object)wastherecoveryofthechildsafeandwell.②Wesimplywanttoinformpeople___________(objective)aboutevents.③Theircompanybroughtinadvancedtechnology___________theobjectiveofimprovingtheoutput.9.Donotcriticizethemorrejectthemsimplybecausetheydifferfromwhatyouknoworbelieve.不要仅仅因为它们与你所知道或相信的有差异而批评或拒绝它们。criticize(alsocriticise)vt.&vi批评，批判，挑剔，指责；评价(→criticn评论家；批评家criticismn.批评；评论)(1)Rondoesnothingbutcriticizeandcomplainallthetime.罗恩什么也不干，只是一味指责和抱怨。(2)MatherwasafilmcriticonTheDailyTelegraphformanyyears.马瑟多年来一直是《每日电讯报》的一名影评人。(3)Myonlycriticismofthehouseisthatitisonamainroad.我对这座房子唯一的批评意见是它处于一条大路上。◆语块积累criticizesb.for因……指责某人◆单句语法填空①Hewascriticized__________hisdelayindealingwiththematter.②Thereportstrongly__________(criticize)thepoliceforfailingtodealwiththisproblem.③Thenewspaperhasbeenoneofthemostconsistent___________(critic)everofthegovernment.④The___________(critic)thattheEnglishdonottrulycareabouttheirchildrenwasoftenvoiced.10.Instead,youshouldinquirefurthertoassessthetruthofwhatyouarebeingtold.相反，你应该进步询问，以评估你被告知的真相。inquirevi&vt.询问，打听；查究(→inquiryn.调查，查问，询问，打听)(1)Hewenttothehospitaltoinquireabouther.他到医院去打听她的情况。(2)Theinquiryfoundthatthecompanyhadseriouslyunderspentonsafetyequipment.调查发现，公司对安全设备的投资严重不足。◆语块积累(1)inquireabout查问；询问inquireinto调查；探究inquireafter问候(2)athoroughinquiryinto对……进行彻底的调查makeaninquiryabout询问◆对比inquire打听，询问。如：inquireaperson'sname问一个人的姓名acquire取得，获得，学到。如:acquireknowledge获得知识require要求；需要。如：requirestudy需要研究◆单句语法填空①Hefrownedanddeterminedtoinquirethoroughly__________thematter.②Hecalledthemseveraltimestoinquire____________jobpossibilities.③Anofficial____________(inquire)hasbeenlaunchedintothecauseoftheaccident.④Thefollowingday,Maximbroughthercarnationsandinquired____________herwell-being.◆完成句子⑤Ihavebeenassignedto________________________(调查)themurdercase.⑥To________________________(询问)ourproducts,arepresentativeoftheJapanesecompanypaidusavisit.11.Secondly,takeadvantageofopportunitiesforlifelonglearning-forexample,youcouldregisteronlineandsubscribetoe-learningcourses,whichhavebecomeincreasinglypopularinrecentyears.其次，利用终身学习的机会——例如，你可以在线注册，订阅在线学习课程，近年来这类课程越来越受欢迎。registervi&vt登记，注册n.语体风格，语域；登记表(→registrationn.注册；登记；挂号)(1)InordertoregisteracarinJapan,theownermusthavesomewheretoparkit.在日本要登记一辆小汽车，车主必须先要有车位。(2)Officialdocumentsarewritteninformalregister.官方文件是以正式语体写成的。(3)Entryisonlyallowedonpaymentofthefullregistrationfee.缴付全部登记费用方可进入。◆语块积累(1)registerfor..为……注册/登记registerwith...(向……)登记(2)registrationsfees注册费;挂号费theregistrationform注册表，登记表theregistrationoffice挂号处◆词语辨析：register与recordregister指正式的或官方的登记或注册，而record指对事件或情况的记载。Bylawwearerequiredtokeeparegisterofbirthsanddeaths.法律要求我们对出生和死亡进行登记。◆单句语法填空①Howmanystudentshaveregistered____________Englishclasses?②The____________(register)ofstudentsforanexaminationhasbeenover.③Weboughtacarlastmonthwhich____________(register)undermyname.subscribevi.订阅；定期订购(或订阅等)；同意，赞成；定期捐款(→subscriptionn.订阅费；会员费；捐款，捐助subscribern.订户；订阅人；用户)(1)Morepeoplethaneverbeforearesubscribingtothetheatreticketservice.预订戏票服务的人数比以往任何时候都多。(2)Subscriptionstothesemagazinescanbepaidinatthepostoffice.这些杂志的订阅费可以在邮局缴纳。◆语块积累(1)subscribeto订阅；定期订购(或订阅等)；同意，赞成；捐款subscribefor认购；预订(2)subscriptionservices订阅服务subscriptionfees会员费；订阅费anannualsubscription一年期订阅◆单句语法填空④____________(subscribe)arecheaperforindividualmembers.⑤Howmanypeoplehavesubscribed____________thebookwhenitisprinted?⑥Thebusinessmansubscribedalargeamount____________thecollectionforthehospital.◆写出句中画线词的词义⑦Thebusinessmansubscribedtendollarsforthecharity.____________⑧IhavebeenasubscribertoTheRailwayMagazineformanyyears.____________⑨Doyousubscribetoherpessimisticviewofthestateoftheeconomy?____________12.Finally,understandthatitisnotsufficienttosimplyknowsomethingortounderstandwhatyouknow,becauseforknowledgetohaveconcretevalue,itmustbeapplied.最后，要明白仅仅知道一些知识或理解你所知道的知识是不够的，因为知识要有具体的价值，它必须得到应用。concreteadj.确实的，具体的；有形的，实在的n.混凝土(1)Thelawyerhadconcreteevidenceofhisclient'sinnocence.律师掌握了他的当事人无罪的确凿证据。(2)Theyhadlaininseepingbagsontheconcretefloor.他们就躺在混凝土地面上的睡袋里。◆语块积累concretefigures/problems/thought具体数字/问题/想法intheconcrete实际上；具体来说◆词语辨析:concrete与specificconcrete指通过感官能看到、听到、触碰到的具体东西，其反义词是abstract。specific侧重指具体的细节，是与general,vague相对的具体。◆完成句子①Weshould______________(具体分析)ofeachspecificquestion.②Iunderstandthegeneralidea.But______________(具体来说),whatdoyouactuallyplantodo?◆辨析填空:concrete与specific③Shedeclinedtobemore___________aboutthereasonsfortheseparation.④Henowhereoffers___________historicalbackgroundtosupporthisarguments.13....sothatyourcomprehensionoftheworldbecomesacontinuousprocess.……这样你对世界的理解就会成为一个持续的过程。comprehensionn.理解力，领悟能力；理解练习（comprehendv.理解，领悟；包括comprehensiveadj.全面的；综合性的；详尽的）(1)Theteachersettheclassacomprehensiontest.老师对全班同学进行了一次理解力测验。(2)Thechildreadthestorybutdidn'tcomprehendisfullmeaning.那孩子看了这篇故事，但没有理解它的全部意思。(3)TheRoughGuidetoNepalisacomprehensiveguidetotheregion.《尼泊尔概况》是一本全面介绍该地区的旅游指南。◆语块积累(1)havegoodcomprehension理解能力强havenocomprehensionof不理解areadingcomprehension阅读理解练习beyondcomprehension不可理解(2)comprehensivetreatment/quality/income/knowledge综合治疗/素质/收入/知识◆单句语法填空①Howhemanageditis__________mycomprehension.②Streamingwithin_____________(comprehend)schoolsiscommonpractice.③Theyturnedtooneanotherwiththesameexpressionofdawning__________(comprehend)surprise,andrelief.◆完成句子④Tomostpeople,hisbehaviorwascompletely____________(不可理解).⑤She____________(不理解)herteacher'sproblems.14.Insummary,inaworldofconstantchange,oneshouldneverceasetolearn.总之，在一个不断变化的世界里，人不应该停止学习。ceasevi&vt.(使)停止，终止，结束Welfarepaymentsceaseassoonasanindividualstartsajob.一旦就业，即停发福利救济。◆语块积累ceasedoingsth.停止做某事(暂停)ceasetodosth.停止做某事(永久停止)ceasefrom停止……withoutcease不停地Weworkedwithoutceasetogettheprojectfinishedontime.我们不停地工作以便按时完成项目。◆说明ceasetodo表示停止原来已有的习惯性动作，且永远停止不再进行。ceasedoing表示暂时性的停止动作，接下来有可能继续进行。Heceasedtowriteattheageofsixty.他60岁停止了写作。◆单句语法填空①Thebushasceased_________(run)sincelastmonth.②Heceased_________thinkingofthequestionthisway.③Thearmsraceamongthesuperpowersisbeingsteppedup_________cease.④Weshouldcease_________(worry)aboutthingsthatarebeyondthepowerofourwill.15.Manyofourbeliefsabouttheuniversearebasedoninductivereasoning,alsoknownasthescientificmodel.我们对宇宙的许多观点都是基于归纳推理，也被称为科学模型。reasoningn.推理，理性的观点，论证(→reasonn.原因，理由；理智；理性推论；推理reasonableadj.合理的；公道的；适当的；合乎情理的)(1)Hisreasoningisperfectlysound,buthemissesthepoint.他的推理完全正确，但是他没有抓住要点。(2)Thereisareasonforeveryimportantthingthathappens.每件重要事情的发生都有原因。(3)Imadethemareasonableofferbuttheyturneditdownfat.我向他们提出一个合理报价，但是他们断然拒绝。◆语块积累(1)reasoningability推理能力areasoningprocess推理过程2reasonfrom根据..进.行推论reasonout通过推理得出结论◆单句语法填空①Wewouldnotreason___________wherewewerebecauseofthemist.②Whatisa___________(reason)standardforonefamilyisnotapplicabletoanother.③Hisargumentdoesnotreston___________(reason)oronexperiment,butonauthority.④Intheabsenceofsuchdata,wemustreason___________moreindirectevidence.16.Inotherwords,itisawaytoproceedfromtheparticulartothegeneral,fromthespecifictotheabstract.换句话说，这是种从特殊到一般，从具体到抽象的方法。abstractadj.抽象的，纯理论的vt.以把……抽象出；提取；转移(注意力等)n.摘要，摘录(→abstractionn.抽象，抽象概念；心不在焉abstractedadj.心不在焉的)(1)Wemaytalkofbeautifulthings,butbeautyitselfisabstract.我们尽可谈论美的事物，然而美本身却是抽象的。(2)Sheabstractedthemainpointsfromtheargument.她把论据概括成要点。(3)Itmightalsobenecessarytosupplyanabstractofthereviewoftheliterature.可能也有必要提供这篇文学评论的摘要。(4)Untilnow,ourgenerationonlyknewwarasanabstraction.战争对于我们今天的这一代人仅仅是个抽象概念。◆语块积累abstractideas/concepts/paintings/principles抽象观念/概念/画/原理abstract...from...从……提取；摘录……的要点makeanabstractof把……的要点摘录下来intheabstract抽象地；在理论上◆单句语法填空①Andrewnoticedher___________(abstract)andasked:“What'sbotheringyou?"②Intheendheabstractedthemostimportantpoints___________hislongspeech.③Megwasso___________(abstract)thatshescarcelynoticedthatthetrainhadstopped.17.Beforethefirstblackswanwasseen,theassumptionwasthatallswanswerewhite.在第一只黑天鹅出现之前，人们认为所有的天鹅都是白色的。assumptionn.假定，假设(→assumev.认为；假定，假设assumingconj.假定，假设)(1)Don'trelyontheinformationshegaveyou;itisapureassumption.不要相信她告诉你的消息，那完全是臆测。(2)Weassumedhimtobethebestwriterofourtime.我们认为他是这个时代最好的作家。◆语块积累(1)makeanassumption做出假设ontheassumptionthat...假定……(2)assumesb./sth.tobe认为某人/某物……Letus/Let'sassume(that)...让我们/咱们假设……Itisgenerally/usuallyassumedthat...普遍/通常认为……assuming(that)...假定