初中英语主动语态变被动语态的句子练习题及答案

jz*jz*被动语态一、语态概述英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。如：ManypeoplespeakEnglish.谓语：speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。所谓“被动语态〃，相当于中文中常说的“被"、“由"的句式，如：“他的自行车被偷了。"，再如：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。判断：看下面的两个例句，你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？Heopenedthedoor.他开了门。〔〕Thedoorwasopened.门被开了。〔〕二、被动语态的构成:be动词+Vp.p被动特点强调宾，用be加上过去分。行为对象作主语，逻辑主语by来引。Englishis〔speak〕inCanada.Theblouseis〔make〕ofsilk.Englishis〔speak〕bymanypeople.谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要。动作承受者需强调，用被动语态莫忘了Somestampswere〔steal〕lastweek.ThePRCwas〔found〕onOctober1,1949.Footballis〔play〕inmostmiddleschools.被动语态须留意，P.P前面助动be.be+PPam〔is,are〕现在时，am〔is,are〕+P.Pwas和were表过去。was〔were〕+P.P完成have〔has〕been。have〔has〕been+P.P将来，情态，be原形。will〔can,may,must〕be+P.P进展时态两个be,前表时态后加ing。am〔is,are〕+being+P.P被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。但凡汉语中带“被〞的句子,都能转换成英语的被动语态。三．几种常用时态的被动语态——一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词肯定句：Bikesare〔sell〕inthatshop.否认句：Bikesarenotsoldinthatshop.疑问句：Arebikessoldinthatshop"Yes,theyare./No,theyaren't.—般过去时：was/were+过去分词肯定句：Hewas〔save〕in1999.否认句：Hewasnotsavedin1999.疑问句：Washesavedin1999"Yes,hewas./No,hewasn't.—般将来时：shall/will/begoingto+be+过去分词肯定句：AnEnglishclasswillbe[give]byJacktomorrow.否认句：AnEnglishclasswillnotbegivenbyJacktomorrow.疑问句：WillanEnglishclassbegivenbyJacktomorrow"现在进展时：am/is/are+being+过去分词肯定句：Acarisbeing[drive]now.否认句：Acarisnotbeingdrivennow.疑问句：Isacarbeingdrivennow"Yes,itis./No,itisn't.现在完成时：have/has+been+过去分词肯定句：Aroadhasbeen[build]bythegovernment.否认句：Aroadhasn'tbeenbuiltbythegovernment.疑问句：Hasaroadbeenbuiltbythegovernment"Yes,ithas./No,ithasn't.6•情态动词：情态动词+be+PP1〕Thisclockcanbe〔repair〕here.2〕Thetreesmaybe〔plant〕atothertimesoftheyear.3〕Thepositionmustbe〔hand〕inafterclass.4〕Theyoungtreesshouldbe〔plant〕inspring.四、被动语态的用法〔1〕不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：Somenewputerswere〔steal〕lastnight.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。〔不知道电脑是谁偷的〕Thisbookwas〔publish〕in1981.这本书出版于1981年。〔2〕强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：Thewindowwas〔break〕byMike.窗户是迈克打破的。Thisbookwas〔write〕byhim.这本书是他写的。Eighthoursperdayforsleepmustbeguaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。五、主动语态变被动语态的方法〔1〕把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。〔2〕把谓语变成被动构造〔be+过去分词〕〔根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式〕。〔3〕把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：Allthepeople〔laugh〕athim.fHewas〔laugh〕atbyallpeople.They〔make〕thebikesinthefactory.fThebikesare〔make〕bytheminthefactory.六、补充一些宾补动词如make,see,hear等在主动语态中可以接动词原形〔实为省略to的动词不定式〕作为宾语补足语的动词在变被动语态是一定要注意恢复to。如：Hemademestandoutside.fIwasmadetostandoutside〔byhim〕.Isawhimplayfootball.fHewasseentoplayfootball〔byhim〕.专项练习一、选择题()1.anewlibraryinourschoollastyear"A.Is;builtB.Was;builtC.Does;buildD.Did;build()2.Anaccidentonthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened()3.Cotton〔棉花〕inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow()4.AtalkonChinesehistoryintheschoolhallnextweek.A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives()5.Howmanytreesthisyear"A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted()6.Alotofthingsbypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone()7.TheGreatWallallovertheworld.A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown()8.Thechildrenbythenurse.A.werelookedB.lookedafterC.werelookedafterD.looked()9.He___somepiecesofadvice,buthetothem.A.gave,didn'tlistenB.wasgiven,wasn'tlistenedC.give,wasn'tlistenedD.wasgiven,didn'tlisten()10.Thequestionbyussoon.A.isgoingtodiscussB.willdiscussC.isgoingtobediscussedD.hasbeendiscussed()11.Thelababoutfiveyearsago.A.wasbuiltB.wasbuiltC.buildsD.hasbeenbuilt()12.Alotoftallbuildingsinhishometowninthelastthreeyears.A.havesetupB.havebeensetupC.weresetupD.setup()13.Theyprinting500copiesbytheendoflastmonth.A.hadfinishedB.havefinishedC.hadbeenfinishedD.havebeenfinished()14.Rice___alsointheirhometown.A.is…grownB.is…grewC.was…grewD.was…grown()15.Hebytheteachers.A.isalwayspraisedB.praisesC.havebeenpraisedD.alwaysispraised()16.ThepictureinOctober,1996.A.wastakingB.hadbeentakenC.wastakenD.hadtaken()17.Wecan'tusethebridgenow,becauseit.A.hasbeenrepairedB.isrepairingC.isrepairedD.isbeingrepaired()18.Ithewaytotherailwaystationbyapoliceman.A.wasshownB.showedC.haveshownD.wasshowing()19.Thewarin1941.A.brokeoutB.hadbeenbrokenoutC.wasbrokenoutD.hadbrokenout()20.Whenwater,itwillbechangedintovapour.A.isheatedB.heatingC.hasheatedD.heats()21.Wecan'tentertheroombecauseitsdoor.A.lockedB.locksC.islockedD.islocking()22.Theydayandnight.A.aremadeworkB.aremadetoworkC.madetobeworkedD.aremakingtowork()23.Man-madesatellitesintospacebymanycountries.A.wassentupB.issentupC.havebeensentupD.hasbeensentup()24.ThisEnglishsongoftenbythechildren.A.is,singingB.is,sungC.will,singD.was,sung()25.Thewindowsofourhouseonceaweek.A.mustcleanB.havecleanedC.iscleanedD.arecleaned()26.WhenthePeople'sRepublicofChina"A.was,foundB.was,foundedC.did,foundD.does,found()27.Mary'sradiobymybrotherjustnow.A.willbemendedB.hasmendedC.wasmendedD.mended()28.Sometreesmayatothertimesoftheyear.A.beplantedB.plantC.areplantedD.willbeplantedjz*jz*jz*()29.AnewEnglishplaytherenextweek.A.willputonB.willbeputonC.isgoingtoputonD.willbeputtedon()30.Astrangethinginourschoolyesterday.A.washappenedB.hasbeenhappenedC.happenedD.wasgoingtohappen()31.Theglass.ItbylittleTomthismorning.A.broke,isbrokenB.isbroken,wasbrokenC.wasbroken,brokeD.hasbeenbroken,broken二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)It'ssaid(据说)thatthelongbridge〔build〕intwomonths.Wheretohavethemeeting〔discuss〕now．Whichlanguagethemostwidely〔speak〕intheworld？Thelostboy〔notfind〕sofar.Lastyearalargenumberoftrees〔cut〕down.Vegetables,eggsandfruits(sell)inthisshop.7Whatknives(make)of"They(make)ofmetal(金属)andwood.Canthemagazine(take)outofthelibrary"Theroom(clean)bymeeveryday.Thestarscan't(see)inthedaytime.Howlongyouruncle(be)inthecity"Thefood(smell)delicious.Look!Someone(dance).三、按要求改写以下句子，一空一词。TeagrowsinSouthChina.〔改为被