主题阅读与练习：奥运会-2022届高考英语阅读备考

主题闻读与:蜒会素养解读奥林匹克运动会起源于古希腊。希腊人于公元前776年规定每4年在奥林匹亚举办一次运动会。运动会举行期间，全希腊选手及附近黎民百姓相聚于奥林匹亚——希腊南部一个风景秀丽的小镇。后来，古希腊运动会的规模逐渐扩大，并成为显示民族精神的盛会。比赛的优胜者获得月桂、野橄榄和棕桐编织的花环等。第一届现代奥运会于1896年4月在希腊首都雅典举行。之后，每4年一次，奥会轮流在各会员国举行。第32届夏季奥林匹克运动会，将在东京举行，原定时间为2020年7月24日至8月9日，现改为2021年7月23日至8月8日。视角拓展四年一度的奥运会是举世瞩目的体育盛会。但是，你知道古代奥运会的起源吗？难词探意champion/n.冠军;第一名legend/n.传说contestant/n.比赛者spectator/n.观看者;观众decline/v.下降;衰退dedication/n.献身;奉献Asisknowntoall,thefirstmodernOlympicswereheldin1896,butthehistoryoftheOlympicsinGreecedatesbacktomuchearliertime.ThefirstwrittenrecordsoftheancientOlympicGamesdateto776BC,whenacooknamedCroesuswontheonlyevent-a192?meterfootracecalledthestate(theoriginofthemodernstadium)—tobecomethefirstOlympicchampion.However,itisgenerallybelievedthattheGameshadbeengoingonformanyyearsbythattime.LegendhasitthatHeracles(theRomanHercules)，sonofZeusandthemortalwomanAlcmene,foundedtheGames,whichbytheendofthe6thcenturyBChadbecomethemostfamousofallGreeksportingfestivals.ContestantscamefromadozenormoreGreekcities,andbythe5thcenturyBCfromasmanyas100cities,fromthroughouttheGreekEmpire.LiketheSummerOlympicsoftoday,theancientOlympicswereheldeveryfouryears.OneofthemainfeaturesoftheancientOlympicswastheOlympictruce（休战）.Thetrucemeantthatallwarswerestopped,sothatathletesandspectatorscouldcompeteandtravelinpeace.ThousandsofpeoplefromallovertheGreekworldcametowatch.Atfirst,Olympiccompetitionwaslimitedtofootraces,butlateranumberofothereventswereadded,includingwrestling,boxing,horseandchariotracing,andmilitarycompetitions.Theancientpentathlon（五项全能运动），introducedin708BC,consistedoffootrace,longjump,discusandjavelinthrows,andwrestling.WiththeriseofRome,theOlympicsdeclined,andin393ADtheRomanemperorTheodosiusI，aChristian,abolishedtheGamesaspartofhiseffortstosuppress（压制）paganism（异教信仰）intheRomanEmpire.TheancientOlympicsexisteduntil393AD.ButthemodernOlympicsarestillgoingstrong.uTheOlympicsgatherathletesfromaroundtheworld,nsaidSueMacy,authorofanewNationalGeographicbook,Swifter,Higher,Stronger：APhotographicHistoryoftheSummerOlympics.ultssomuchbiggertoday.n“Youshouldpayattentionnotjusttothewinnersbuttothepeoplewhodon'twinthegoldmedal.Thinkaboutthehardworktheydidandthededication,“Macysaid.ReadingCheckWhyweretheancientOlympicsspecial?Theywereheldeveryfouryears.Theywerethemostfamousfestivals.Theystoppedwarsbetweencountries.Theyhadmanymilitarycompetitions.Whatdoestheunderlinedword^<abolished^^inPara.4mostprobablymean?A.Promoted.B.Improved.C.Hosted.D.Ended.WhatsuggestiondidSueMacygivetous?Payingattentiontothegoldmedals.Consideringhowpeoplecanwingoldmedals.Focusingonthosewhowingoodmedals.Relatingtothelosersinthegame.1.C2,D3.D奥运会已成为普天同庆的体育盛会，奥林匹克运动也吸引了202个国家和地区的积极参与。但是你知道现代奥运会是如何产生的吗？难词探意recreational/adj.娱乐的;消遣的excavation//n.开掘挖掘prosperous/adj.繁荣的revival/n.复兴arrangementn.安排;筹备establish/v.建立;仓U立PierredeCoubertinwasborninParis,FranceonJanuary1st,1863.AfterattendingschoolhestudiedPoliticalScienceanddevelopedakeeninterestinbothHistoryandEducation.Inhissparetimeheplayedsportssuchasrowing,tennisandcycling.In1889hewentonatourofCanadaandAmericawithaviewtodiscoveringthemethodsofeducationusedinschoolsandcollegesinthosecountries.In1890,hevisitedEnglandagainandwasintroducedtoDr.WilliamPennyBrookes.HeagreedwithBrookesideasthatsportshouldbeapartofeducationratherthanjustarecreationalactivity.AtaroundthistimeexcavationsaroundOlympiafoundartifactsthatsuggestedthatancientOlympiawasaprosperousplace.PierredeCoubertinbegantodreamofarevivaloftheancientOlympicsandin1892heputtheproposaltotheParisSportsSocietyhehadfoundedearlier.Unfortunatelytheproposalwasnotwell?Received.PierredeCoubertinwasnotputoffandin1894invitedathletesandsportspeoplefromninedifferentcountriestoattendasportsconference.HesuggestedhisideasforarevivaloftheOlympicGamesandthistimetheideawaswarmlyreceived.ItwasdecidedthatamodernOlympicGamesshouldbeheldeveryfouryearsandthateachGamesshouldtakeplaceinadifferentcountry.Itwasunanimously（全体一致地）agreedthatthefirstmodernOlympicGamesshouldbeheldinOlympia,Greece.AgroupcalledtheInternationalOlympicCommitteewasformedin1894tooverseethearrangementsandorganization.PierredeCoubertinwasunanimouslyelectedPresidentofthecommittee,apositionheheldfor29yearsbeforeretiring.PierredeCoubertinwasinstrumentalinestablishingmanyoftheOlympictraditionsthatcontinuetothisday—thefiverings,theOlympicflag,theoathandmotto.Heproducedmanywritingsonthesubjectofsportandeducation-oneofhismostfamousquotesis“ThemostimportantthingintheOlympicGamesisnottowinbuttotakepart,justasthemostimportantthinginlifeisnotthetriumphbutthestruggle.Theessentialthingisnottohaveconqueredbuttohavefoughtwell.”PierredeCoubertin,fatherofthemodernOlympicGames,diedofaheartattackin1937.AccordingtohiswisheshisheartwasburiedinOlympia.ReadingCheckWhydidCoubertingotoCanadaandAmerica?Tolearnabouttheireducationalmethods.Todiscoverhowsportsweretaughtinschool.ToproposetherevivaloftheancientOlympics.D.ToexchangeideaswithDr.WilliamPennyBrookes.Howisthepassageorganized?Inorderoftime.Inorderofspace.Inorderofimportance.Inorderoflocation.WhatcanweknowaboutPierredeCoubertinfromparagraph3?Hewasdiscouragedashisproposalwasturneddown.Hisproposalwasthoughthighlyofbypeople.HediscoveredartefactsaroundOlympia.HeestablishedtheParisSportsSociety.聿淞助晌成为奥运会工程的?马拉松是一项极限运动，是耐力与毅力的抗争。但是，你知道为什么把26.2英里作为马拉松赛跑的距离吗？难词探意distance/n.£巨离collapse/v.昏倒ceremony/n.典礼;仪式enthusiastic/adj.热情的commemoratev.纪念remarkably/adv.非常;出乎意料地Themarathonhasaproudhistoryandissteeped（沉浸于）intradition.Historyrecordsthatin490BC,thesoldierPheidippides,coveredthedistancefromabattlefieldnearMarathon,Greece,toAthensinordertobringthenewsofaGreekvictoryoverthePersians.Attheendofthishistoricalrunhecollapsedanddiedfromtheexertions（努力）offulfillinghisduty.In1896attheopeningceremonyoftheOlympicGames,thelegendofthesoldierwashonoredwitharacefromMarathonBridgetotheOlympicstadiuminAthens.TherunwasthefinaleventoftheGamesandwiththeGreeks,beingthehostsandyettowinamedal,theyplacedalltheirhopesonthemarathon.Twenty-fiverunnerslineduponthatday,April10th,1896,uponMarathonBridge.TheGreek,SpyridonLouis,apostalworkerfromthevillageofMarquis,didnotdisappointtheenthusiasticcrowdwaitingatthePanathenaicStadiumwhenhewonthe24.85miles（40,000meters）inatimeof2hours58minutes50seconds.Hefinishedit7minutesearlierthanthenextcompetitor.With8of9finishersbeingGreeks,thecountrywentintowildcelebrations.Themarathonasaneventwasborn.ThefollowingyearonApril18thsawthefirstrunningofthe,nowfamous,BostonAthleticAssociationmarathon.ThedatechosenwastocommemoratethefamousrideofPaulRevere,remarkablysimilarindistancetothemarathoncourseaswellasthefactthathealsocarriedamessage.The24.7?milecoursewasfromMetcalfe'sMillinAshland,MasstoBostonsIrvingstonSt.Ovalandwascompletedby8ofthefifteenstarters,withJohnJ.McDermottwinninginatimeof2hours55minutes10seconds.Forthe1908LondonOlympicGamesmarathon,thedistancewaschangedto26milessothattheeventcouldfinishinfrontoftheroyalbox.Ittookanother16yearsbeforethedistanceof26.2mileswasintroduced,withthe1924ParisOlympicsbeingthefirsttoholdthenowofficialmarathondistance.Sincethosedaysthemarathonhasprogressedintoadashforthelinebytheeliteathleteswiththetimetakentocompletethedistancecontinuallytumbling（骤降）.2022冬!蛉第24届冬奥会于2022年2月4日至2022年2月20日在中国北京和张家口举行。难词探意vision/n.想象;视野landmark/n.地标embrace/v.拥抱suburban/adj.郊区的destination/n.目的地previous/adj.先前的;以往的Havingwonthebidforthe2022WinterOlympicGamesonJuly31,2015,BeijingissettobecomethefirstcityintheworldtohavehostedboththesummerandwintereditionsoftheOlympicGames.Withavisionof"JoyfulRendezvousuponPureIceandSnow(纯洁的冰雪，激情的约会)"，Beijing2022willbuildonthelegaciesofthelandmarkBeijing2008OlympicGamesandexpectstoencouragemillionsofpeopleacrossChinatoembracewintersports.The109eventsinsevenOlympicwintersportswillbeheldinthethreecompetitionzonesofcentralBeijing,YankingandZhangjiakou.ThreecompetitionzonesBeijingwillhostalltheiceevents(curling,icehockeyandskating)andfoursnowevents(snowboardbigairandfreestyleskiingbigair,men'sandwomen's),makingfulluseofthelegacyvenuesofBeijing2008inthespiritofOlympicAgenda2020.Yanqing,asuburbandistrictofBeijing(80kilometerstothenorthwest)andhometothefamousBandagingandJuyongguanstretchesoftheGreatWall,istohostthealpineskiing(高山滑雪)andslidingevents.Zhangjiakou,furthertothenorthwestintheneighboringHubeiProvince,willhostalltheothersnoweventsinitsChongjindistrict,apopularskiingdestination.SevenneweventsTheadditionofsevennewevents—women'smo