地理英语词汇

中文英文地理学统一地理学普通地理学系统地理学区域地理学理论地理学应用地理学地文学地质学地理学体系地理环境geographyunifiedgeographygeneralgeographysystematicgeographyregionalgeographytheoreticalgeographyappliedgeographymetageographyphysiographychorographypaleogeogpraphygeographicalsystemgeographicalenvironment01地理学总论中文英文地理因子地理过程地理分布地理界线地理综合地理考察综合考察区域分析区域分异生存空间生存承载能力环境决定论灾变论地球地球表面geographicalfactorsgeographicalprocessgeographicaldistributiongeographicalboundarygeographicalsynthesisgeographicalsurveyintegratedsurveyregionalanalysisregionaldifferentiationlivingspacelife-carryingcapacityenvironmentaldeterminismcatastrophetheoryearthearthsurface中文英文地球表层地理系统地理圈景观圈岩石圈水圈大气圈土壤圈生物圈地圈智能圈技术圈北半球南半球地球体epigeospheregeosystemgeographicalspherelandscapespherelithospherehydrosphereatmospherepedospherebiospheregeospherenoonspheretechnospherenorthernhemispheresouthernhemispheregeoid中文英文地理纬度地理经度北极南极极圈北回归线南回归线赤道时区日界线极昼极夜洲大陆洋latitudelongitudeNorthPoleSouthPoleArcticCircleTropicofCancerTropicofCapricornequatortimezonedatelinepolardaypolarnightcontinentoceansea中文英文内陆地理单元区划带地带区域地区小区inlandgeographicalunitregionalizationbeltzoneregionareadistrict中文英文自然地理学综合自然地理学普通自然地理学自然综合体地域自然综合体自然地理过程自然生产潜力进展因素残留因素三维地带性水平地带垂直地带地带性physicalgeographyintegratedphysicalgeographygeneralphysicalgeographynaturalcomplexterritorialnaturalcomplexphysicalgeographicprocessnaturalpotentialproductivityprogressivefactorrelicfactorthreedimensionzonalityhorizontalzoneverticalzonezonality02自然地理学中文英文非地带性水平地带性垂直地带性地方性坡向阳坡阴坡山体效应综合自然区划雪带亚雪带高山亚高山山地azonalityhorizontalzonalityverticalzonalitylocalityexposureadret,sunnyslopeubac,shadyslopeMassenerhebungseffekt(德）,integratedphysicogeographicalregionalizationnivalbeltsubnivalbeltalpinesubalpinemountains中文英文荒漠荒漠化沙漠岩漠砾漠泥漠盐漠戈壁绿洲景观学景观相自然景观土地desertdesertificationsandydesertrockydesertgraveldesertargillaceousdesertsaltdesertgobioasislandscapesciencelandscapefaciesnaturallandscapeland中文英文土地系统土地分类土地类型土地单元土地要素土地刻面刻面联合体土地属性生态地理学地生态学景观生态学生态系统生态平衡生态区域生态小区landsystemlandclassificationlandtypelandunitlandelementlandfacetfacetcombinationterraincharacteristicsecogeographygeoecologylandscapeecologyecosystemecologicalbalanceecoregionecodistict中文英文生态地段生态区生态点自然资源可再生资源非可再生资源灾害地理学自然灾害ecosectionecotopeecositenaturalresourcesrenewableresourcesnonrenewableresourceshazardgeographynaturalhazard中文英文地貌学地貌地貌年代学地貌成因地貌形成作用气候地貌学动力地貌学地貌量计学人工地貌平原低地高地丘陵geomorphologylandformgeomorphochronologygeomorphogenesis,landformgenesislandformformingprocessclimaticgeomorphologydynamicgeomorphologygeomorphometryanthropogeniclandformsplainlowlandhighlandhill

03地貌学中文英文山山脉岭峰山麓半岛岛屿群岛海峡地峡海拔（高度）相对高度山嘴盆地山间盆地mountainmountainrange,mountainchainrange,ridgepeak,mountpiedmontpeninsulaislandarchipelagostraitisthmusaltitude,heightabovesealevelrelativeheightmountainspurbasinintermountainbasin中文英文山间盆地山峰崖山麓平原高原峡谷谷沟谷冲沟山形山志阶地台地洼地坡地intermountainbasinmountainpeakcliff,scarppiedmontplainplateaugorge,canyonvalleyravinegullymountainformsorographyterracetableland,platformdepressionslope中文英文坡度基岩地貌过程侵蚀[作用]雨滴侵蚀剥蚀[作用]刻蚀溶蚀冲刷片蚀溯源侵蚀下切侵蚀侧[向侵]slope,gradientbedrockgeomorphologicalprocesserosionraindroperosiondenudationcorrasioncorrosionwash,erosionsheeterosionheadwarderosiondowncutting,incision,verticalerosionlateralerosion中文英文掏蚀侵蚀基[准]面总侵蚀基[准]面局部侵蚀基[准]面裂点沉积作用堆积作用堆积物加积作用沉积相地貌世代地貌序列地形基面地貌组合正地貌undercuttingbaseleveloferosiongeneralbaselevellocalbaselevelknickpointsedimentation,depositiondeposition,accumulationdepositaggradationsedimentaryfaciesgenerationoflandformslandformsseriesbaselevellandformassemblagepositivelandform中文英文负地貌正常地貌倒置地貌地貌倒置刻蚀地貌夷平作用夷平面准平面剥蚀面山麓[侵蚀]面山麓侵蚀平面山顶面侵蚀循环回春作用negativelandformnormallandforminvertedlandforminversionoflandformerosionallandformplanationsurfacepeneplaindenudationsufaceerosionsurfacepedimentpediplainsummitplaneerosioncyclerejuvenation中文英文相关沉积地壳均衡新构造运动构造地貌学丹霞地貌构造高原构造阶地单面山方山猪背脊线形现象断层崖断层线崖断层三角面correlatedsedimentsisostasyneotectonicmovementstructuralgeomorphology,tectonicgeomorphology“Danxia”landformstructuralplateaustructuralterracecuesta(西）mesahogbackridgelineamentfaultscarpfault-linescarptriangularfacet中文英文断层谷断块山火山火山作用风化[作用]物理风化[作用]化学风化[作用]生物风化[作用]机械风化[作用]差异风化[作用]风化层残积土残积物残积层风化壳triangularfacetfaultvalleyblockmountainvolcanoweatheringphysicalweatheringchemicalweatheringbiologicalweatheringmechanicalweatheringdifferentialweatheringregolithresidualsoileluviumeluviumweatheredcrust中文英文正残积风化壳碎屑型风化壳硅铝粘土型风化壳硅铝碳酸盐型风化壳硅铝－氧化物－硫酸盐风化壳硅铝－铁质和富铝型风化壳剥落页状剥落块状崩落结壳作用块状崩落结壳作用盐屑堆盐屑锥orthoeluvialweatheredcrustclasticweatheredcrustsiallite-clayweatheredcrustsiallite-carbonateweatheredcrustsiallite-chloride-sulphatewea-theredcrustsiallite-ferriteandallitewea-theredcrustexfoliation,desquamationexfoliationcrumblingincrustationcrumblingincrustationtalustaluscone中文英文山麓堆积坡积物坡水堆积物土体蠕动滑塌滑坡泥石流泥流岩崩流水地貌学流水地貌冲积物冲积层冲积锥冲积扇talusslopedepositdeluviumsoilcreepcollapselandslide,landslipdebrisflowmudflowrockfallfluvialgeomorphologyfluviallandformalluvium，alluvialdepositalluviumalluvialconealluvialfan中文英文洪积物洪积层洪积扇河床河漫滩汇水区流域分水岭辫状河曲流天然堤滨河床沙坝凸岸坝牛轭湖离堆山proluvium，proluvialdepositproluviumproluvialfanriverbedfloodplaincatchmentareadrainagearea，basinwaterdivide，divide，watershedbraidedstreammeandernaturalleveechannelbar，sandbarpointbarox-bowlakemeandercore，meanderspur中文英文河流阶地河流袭夺河流错位河流偏移风口纵谷横谷风蚀吹蚀沙丘新月形沙丘流动沙丘固定沙丘半固定沙丘纵向沙丘riverterracerivercaptureriveroffsetriverdeflectionwindgaplongitudinalvalleytransversevalleywinderosiondeflationsanddunecrescentdunemobiledune，wanderingdunefixeddunesemifixieddunelongitudinaldune中文英文横向沙丘抛物线沙丘蜂窝状沙丘沙垅风棱石风蚀脊沙暴风蚀坑风蚀洼地干盐湖基岩扇岛山漠漆岩漆漠盖层transverseduneparabolicdunehoneycombdunessandridgewind-facetedstones，ventifactyardangsandstormblowoutpitdeflationhollowplayarockfaninselbergdesertvarnishrockvarnishdesertpavement中文英文黄土黄土地貌黄土塬黄土梁黄土峁劣地咯斯特咯斯特地貌学咯斯特地貌咯斯特化溶斗溶蚀谷溶蚀盆落水洞溶沟loessloesslandform“yuan”，loesstableland“liang”，loessridge“mao”，loesshillbadlandkarstkarstgeomorphologykarstlandformkarstificationdolinepoljeuvalasinkholekarren中文英文干谷竖井潜蚀作用洞穴堆积咯斯特平原峰林石林洞穴学假咯斯特类咯斯特泉华沉积石灰华海岸滨海岸地貌学dryvalleyshaftundergrounderosioncavedepositkarstplainpeakforeststonepinaclesspeleologypseudokarstparakarstsinterdepositiontufaseacoastshorecoastalgeomorphology中文英文海蚀作用海蚀龛海蚀洞海蚀台海蚀崖海蚀柱岬角岩滩潮滩潮汐通道潮沟舄湖三角洲河口湾海滩marineerosionwave-cutnotchseacaveabrasionplatformseacliffseastackcapebenchtidalflattidalchannel，tidalinlettidalcreeklagoondeltaestuarycoastalbeach中文英文滩脊滩脊[型]潮滩滩脊[型]潮滩平原沙嘴障壁坝滨外坝尖[形]滩尖[形]坝连岛坝陆连岛沿滨泥沙流海岸阶地全球性海面升降珊瑚礁岸礁beachridgechenierchenierplainsandspitbarrieroff-shorebarcuspateforelandtuspatebartombolotomboloislandlongshoredriftcoastalterrace，marineterraceeustaticmovementcoralreeffringingreef中文英文堡礁环礁大陆架大陆坡洋盆海隆海岭平顶海山海沟海渊barrierreefatollcontinentalshelfcontinentalslopeoceanicbasinriseoceanicridgeguyottrenchabyssaldeep中文英文气候学气候气候资源太阳辐射反照射积温无霜期降水蒸发干燥度热水平衡风向风速气候灾害climatologyclimateclimateresourcessolarradiationalbedoaccumulatedtemperaturefrost-freeperiodprecipitationevaporationaridityheat-waterbalancewinddirectionwindspeedclimatedamage，climatichazard04气候学中文英文旱灾水灾风灾雹灾湿害热害冻害冷害气候分类气候区划气候带气候区气候型赤道带热带droughtdamageflooddamagewinddamagehaildamagewetdamageheatdamagefreezingdamagecolddamageclimaticclassificationclimaticregionalizationclimaticzoneclimaticregionclimatictypeequatorialzonetropicalzone中文英文亚热带温带寒带湿润气候干燥气候热带雨林气候萨瓦纳气候森林气候草原气候荒漠气候苔原气候极地气候高原气候山地气候大陆度subtropicalzonetemperatezonecoldzonehumidclimatearidclimatetropicalrainforestclimatesavannaclimateforestclimatesteppeclimatedesertclimatetundraclimatepolarclimateplateauclimatemountainclimatecontinentality中文英文大陆性气候海洋性气候地中海气候地形气候学区域气候地方气候小气候气候系统行星风系信风季风梅雨台风寒潮海陆风continentalclimatemaritimeclimateMediterraneanclimatetopoclimatologyregionalclimatelocalclimatemicroclimateclimaticsystemplanetarywindsystemtradewind，tradesmonsoonMeiyu,，plumraintyphooncoldwavesea-landbreeze中文英文山谷风干热风焚风雨影气候变迁古气候历史气候年轮气候学物候学自然历城市气候城市热岛气候志mountain-valleybreezedry-hotwindfoehnrainshadowclimaticchangepalaeoclimatehistoricalclimatedendroclimatologyphenologynaturalcalendarurbanclimateurbanheatislandclimatography中文英文水文地理学水文学水体水团河流学水利学水利经济学水化学森林水文学都市水文学水文物理学古水文学土壤水文学hydrogeographyhydrologywaterbodywatermasspotamologyhydraulicshydroeconomicshydrochemistryforesthydrologyurbanhydrologyhydrophysicspalaeohydrologypedohydrology05水文地理学中文英文水文情势水文过程水文测验流域形态流域分水线河道坡降河道等级闭合盆地河网密度总蒸发水平衡陆面蒸发水面蒸发分岔系数河源hydrologicalregimehydrologicalprocesshydrometrywatershedmorphologybasindividechannelgradientchannelorderclosedbasindrainagedensityevapotranspirationwaterbudget，waterbalancelandevaporationwatersurfaceevaporationforkfactorheadwaters中文英文水道网支流过程线流量过程线分割瀑布水平降水水循环水量交换径流径流系数年正常径流量基流河床变形河流补给暴发洪水hydrographicnettributaryhydrographseparationofhydrographwaterfallhorizontalprecipitationwatercyclewaterexchangerunoffrunoffcoefficientannualnormalrunoffbaseflowriverbeddeformationriverfeedingflashflood中文英文洪水流水过程层间流壤中流河流数目定律叠加定律流量坡面流洪峰流量产流汇流产沙率退水曲线径流模数产水量floodfluvialprocessesinteraquiferflowinterflowlawofstreamnumberslawofsuperpositiondischargeoverlandflowpeakdischargerunoffgenerationflowconcentrationrateofsedimentproductionrecessioncurverunoffmoduluswateryield中文英文悬移质泥沙运动产沙量水位洪水位警戒水位水土流失水土保持涝暴雨径流输沙能力径流变率地下水文学承压地下水水力传导度suspendedloadsedimentmovementsedimentyieldwaterstagefloodlevelwarningstagewaterandsoillosswaterandsoilconservationwaterloggingstormflowtransportabilityofsedimentsvariabilityofrunoffgroundwaterhydrologyconfinedgroundwaterhydraulicconductivity中文英文入渗土壤水含水层自流水盆地深层地下水裂隙水地下水位矿泉地下河饱和带湖沼学湖泊水文学湖流水质湖泊富营养化infiltrationsoilwateraquiferartesianbasindeepphreaticwaterfissuredwaterwatertablemineralspringundergroundriversaturationzonelimnologylakehydrologylakecurrentwaterqualitylakeeutrophication中文英文人工湖盐湖咸水湖淡水湖构造湖层结湖季节性湖泊火山湖高山湖游移湖热湖微咸湖干涸湖完全混和湖湖盆man-madelakesaltlakesalt-waterlakefreshwaterlaketectoniclake，structurallakestratifiedlakeseasonallakevolcaniclakealpinelakewanderinglakewarmlakebrackish-waterlakeextinctlakeholomixedlakelakecirculation中文英文湖水环流湖泊蓄水量冰川补给积雪水文学融雪水文学融雪径流有潮河口无潮海波浪侵蚀地下水库水资源供水水能lakecirculationlakestoragealimentationofglacieralimentationofglaciersnowhydrologysnowrunofftidalestuarytidelessseawaveerosiongroundwaterreservoirwaterresourcesWatersupplyhydropower中文英文生物地理学生物分布学生物分布分布区分布区中心分布区间断分布区型扩散中心残遗种区种群生物群生物地理群落生境biogeographychorologybiochoresarealareakcenterarealdisjunctionarealtypedispersalcenterrefugiumpopulationbiotabiogeocoenosishabitat06生物地理学中文英文小生境群落生境植物地理学植物区系生活型生活型谱水生植物湿生植物中生植物旱生植物指示植物指示群落植被植物群落群丛niche，microhabitatbiotopephytogeographyfloralifeformlifeformspectrumhydrophytehygrophytemesophytexerophyteindicatorplantindicatorcommunityvegetationplantcommunityassociation中文英文群系植被型顶级群落演替针叶林泰加林落叶林常绿阔叶林硬叶林照叶林季[风]雨林雨林红树林苔原森林草原formationvegetationtypeclimaxsuccessionconiferousforesttaigadeciduousforestevergreenbroad-leavedforestsclerophyllousforestlaurelforestmonsoonforestrainforestmangrovetundraforeststeppe中文英文草原高草草原萨瓦纳普那高原草甸高山矮曲林森林上限树线动物地理学动物区系地理阻障动物传布华莱士线动物群落泛北极steppeprairiesavannapunameadowalpinekrummholzupperforestlimittimberlinezoogeographyfaunageographicalbarrierssynzoochorywallace’slineanimalcommunityHolarctic中文英文古北界新北界旧热带界新热带界东洋界澳洲界PalaearcticNeoarcticPalaeotropicNeotropicOrientalAustralasian中文英文土壤地理学土被土链土壤组合土壤复区土壤气候土壤资源土壤退化土壤侵蚀古土壤森林土壤草原土壤荒漠土壤pedogeographysoilmantlesoilcatenasoilassociationsoilcomplexsoilclimatesoilresourcessoildegradationsoilerosionpaleosoilforestsoildesertsoildesertsoil07土壤地理学中文英文高山土壤幼年土壤成熟土壤顶级土壤灰化土棕壤褐土黄壤红壤砖红壤黑钙土栗钙土棕钙土灰漠土棕漠土highmountainsoilyoungsoilmaturesoilclimaxsoilpodzolicsoilbrownearthcinnamonsoilyellowearthredearthlateritechernozemchestnutsoilbrownsoilgraydesertsoilbrowndesertsoil中文英文盐土碱土solonchaksolonertz中文英文化学地理学景观地球化学地球化学景观自成景观从属景观残积景观水上景观水下景观chemicalgeographylandscapegeochemistrygeochemicallandscapeautonomiclandscapeauxiliarylandscapeeluviallandscapesuperaquallandscapesubaquallandscape08化学地理学中文英文水成景观单元景观生源景观非生源景观大气迁移水迁移生物迁移机械迁移化学迁移标型元素标型化合物标型离子化学剥蚀aqueouslandscape，aquallandscapeelementarylandscapebiogeniclandscapeabiogeniclandscapeaerialmigrationaqueousmigrationbiologicalmigrationmechanicalmigrationchemicalmigration，physico-chemicalmigrationtypomorphicelementtypomorphiccompoundtypomorphicionchemicaldenudation中文英文医学地理学地方病自然疫源地高山病克山病大骨节病medicalgeographyendemicdiseasenaturalepidemicfocusmountainsicknessKeshandiseaseKaschin-Beckdisease09医学地理学中文英文环境地理学环境地球化学自然环境社会环境区域环境海洋环境环境系统环境结构环境要素环境演化环境背景值环境异常环境自净environmentalgeographyenvironmentalgeochemistrynaturalenvironmentsocialenvironmentregionalenvironmentmarineenvironmentenvironmentalsystemenvironmentalstructureenvironmentalelementenvironmentalevolutionenvironmentalbackgroundvalueenvironmentalabnormalityenvironmentalself-purification10环境地理学中文英文环境容量景观损害环境退化环境效应环境污染大气污染水污染土壤污染海洋污染环境经济环境管理环境标准environmentalcapacitylandscapedamageenvironmentaldegradationenvironmentaleffectenvironmentalpollutionatmosphericpollutionwaterpollutionsoilpollutionmarinepollutionenvironmentaleconomyenvironmentalmanagementenvironmentalstandard中文英文环境质量环境质量参数环境质量指数环境质量评价环境影响评价环境质量综合评价环境保护环境规划环境区划环境设计自然保护自然保护区自然资源保护生物资源保护environmentalqualityenvironmentalqualityparameterenvironmentalqualityindexenvironmentalqualityevaluationenvironmentalimpactassessmentenvironmentalqualitycomprehensiveevaluationenvironmentalprotectionenvironmentalplanningenvironmentalregionalizationenvironmentaldesignconservationofnaturenaturereserveconservationofnaturalresourceslivingresourcesconservation中文英文水资源保护国家公园地面沉降公害公害病水悮病痛痛病protectionofwaterresourcesnationalparklandsubsidencepublicnuisancepublicnuisancediseaseminamatadiseaseitai-itaidisease中文英文冰川学积雪粒雪粒雪化作用粒雪盆雪线吹雪雪崩雪蚀陆冰冰山冰川冰盖glaciologysnowcoverfirnfirnificationfirnbasinsnowlinesnowdriftavalanchenivationlandiceicebergglaciericesheet11冰川学中文英文冰原冰川化冰川作用冰川物质平衡消融区积累区冰川隙冰川地质学角峰冰斗U形谷鼓丘羊背石冰擦痕冰川河流icefieldglacierizationglaciationglaciermass-balanceablationareaaccumulationareacrevasseglacialgeologyhorncirqueU-shapevalleydrumlinrochemoutonneeglacialstriaglacialstream中文英文冰下河道漂砾纹泥海洋性冰川大陆性冰川极地冰川山岳冰川冰斗冰川悬冰川冰川变化冰川退缩冰期小冰期新冰期冰期后subglacialchannelbouldervarvemaritimeglaciercontinentalglacierpolarglaciermountainglaciercirqueglacierhangingglacierglacialfluctuationdeglaciationiceagelittleiceageneoglaciationpost-glacial中文英文间冰期冷圈冷圈学interglacialperiodcryospherecryology中文英文冻土学冻土融土季节冻土多年冻土高山冻土冻土动力学冻土退化冻土进化geocryology,cryopedologyfrozengroundmeltedsoilseasonalfrozengroundpermafrostalpinepermafrostpermafrostdynamicspermafrostdegradationpermafrostaggradation12冻土学中文英文富冰冻土冻结层中水冻土相分析冻融循环冻结指数融化指数零点幕成冰作用冰胶结冰分凝地下水冰透镜体冰含量冻胀冻胀力icepermafrostinterpermafrostwaterpermafrostphase-analysesfreeze-thawcyclesfreezingindexthawingindexzerocurtainiceformationcementicesegregatedicegroundiceicelensicecontentfrostheavingfrostheavingforce中文英文冰缘寒冻风化热喀斯特热喀斯特湖冰锲翻浆periglacialcryogenicweathering,frostweatheringthermokarstthermokarstlakeicewedgefrostboil中文英文沼泽学沼泽盐沼草甸沼泽苔藓沼泽芦苇沼泽miresciencemire,swampsaltmarshmeadowmarshsedgemarsh,reedmarsh,phragmitesmarsh13沼泽学中文英文藓类沼泽颤沼林地沼泽红树林沼泽海滨沼泽滩地沼泽阶地沼泽平原沼泽高山沼泽山地沼泽沼泽形成过程沼泽水文沼泽植物低位沼泽中位沼泽massbogquakingmire,floatingmireforestmarshmangroveswampcoastalmarshfluvialmarshterracemarshplainmarshplateaumarshmountainmire,uplandmiremireformationprocessmirehydrology,peatlandhydrologymireplantfentransitionalmire中文英文高位沼泽富营养沼泽中营养化沼泽贫营养化沼泽沼泽化沼泽生态系统沼泽率泥炭湿地raisedbogeutrophicmiremesotrophicmireoligotrophicbogpaludificationmireecosystemmireareapeatwetland中文英文人文地理学人类地理学人种地理学humangeographyanthropogeographygeographyofrace14人文地理学中文英文人口地理学民族地理学民族志聚落地理学城市地理学乡村地理学社会地理学文化地理学行为地理学感应地理学政治地理学行政地理学军事地理学选举地理学犯罪地理学populationgeography,ethnicgeographyethnographysettlementgeographyurbangeographyruralgeographysocialgeographyculturalgeographybehaviouralgeographyperceptiongeographypoliticalgeographyadministrativegeographymilitarygeographyelectralgeographygeographyofcrime中文英文激进地理学人本主义地理学福利地理学旅游地理学游憩地理学闲暇地理学宗教地理学语言地理学地缘政治学人类生态学聚落城市镇城市化城市化区域radicalgeographyhumanisticgeographywelfaregeographygeographyoftourismgeographyofrecreationgeographyofleisuregeographyofreligionlinguisticgeographygeopoliticshumanecologysettlementcitytownurbanizationurbanizedarea中文英文逆城市化城市连绵区城市集群大都市圈大都市市区城市等级系列城市体系城市生态系统标准化大都市统计区都市集聚城市辐集郊区化城市引力引力模式断裂点counterurbanizationmegalopolitanregionmegalopolismetropolitanregionmetropolitanareaurbanhierarchyurbansystemcityecologicalsystemstandardmetropolitanstatisticalareaurbanagglomerationcityagglomerationsuburbanizationcityattractiongravitymodelbreakpoint中文英文潜能模式城市场枢纽区枢纽城市蔓生中心城市田园城市绿带城市分散城市首位城市首位度要冲城市母城卫星城卧城potentialmodelurbanfieldnodalregionnodalpointurbansprawlcentercitygardencitygreenbeltcitydispersedcityprimatecityprimacyratiogatewaycitymothercitysatellitetowndormitorytown中文英文城市形态城市边缘同心圆地带论扇形论多核心论核心-边缘论郊区城乡交错带乡村规划农业村镇城市化村地域系统区域系统建成区城市衰落区urbanmorphologyurbanfringeconcentriczonetheorysectortheorymultiplenucleitheorycore-peripherytheorysuburbrural-urbanfringeruralplanningagriculturaltownurbanizevillagearealsystemregionalsystembuilt-upareadeclinedurbanarea中文英文城市生长极市中心通勤带聚落类型氏族聚落短期聚落矿业聚落棚户区贫民区社区街坊邻里隔坨区城市更新城市再开发urbangrowthpolecitycentercommutezonesettlementpatternclansettlementcampsettlementminingsettlementsquattersettlementslumcommunityblockneighbourhoodghettourbanrenewalurbanredevelopment中文英文城市人口乡村人口人口平衡阀限人口人口压力人口组成人口总出生率人口总死亡率人口零增长人口结构年龄性别金字塔人口密度流动人口劳动力劳动市场urbanpopulationruralpopulationpopulationbalancethresholdpopulationpopulationpressurepopulationcompositioncrudebirthratecrudedeathratezeropopulationgrowthpopulationstructureage-sexpyramidpopulationdensityfloatingpopulationworkforce,labourforcelabourmarket中文英文就业结构人地关系文化区文化边界文化汇合文化景观扩展扩散迁移扩散刺激扩散传染扩散等级扩散等距原则距离衰减原则空间相互作用行为环境structureofemploymentman-landrelationshipculturalregionculturalboundaryculturalconwergenceculturallandscapeexpansiondiffusionrelocationdiffusionstimulusdiffusioncontagiousdiffusionhierarchicaldiffusionpricipleofequidistancedistance-decayregularityspatialinteractionbehaviouralenvironment中文英文行为矩阵领土领海领空部落领土空间主权空中走廊发达国家发展中国家缓冲国中立地带分界线行政界线殖民地委任统治地behaviouralmatrixterritoryterritorialwatersterritorialskytribalTerritoryAir-spacesovereigntyaircorridordevelopedcountrydevelopingcountrybufferstateneutral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