第三讲学案-定语从句人教版九年级英语全册

Toughdayswon’tlast,toughpeopledo. 个性化学案第三讲定语从句知识点定语从句关系代词与关系副词的区别只能用that引导的定语从句教学目标1、掌握定语从句概念，用法。2、能够区分who,whom,which,that,whose等引导词，学会正确使用引导词。教学重点定语从句引导词的选用教学难点句子成分的判断，先行词的识别。教学过程一、复习预习pleased___________2.afraid____________strict_____________4.excited___________5.energetic_________6.angry____________7.rude_____________8.Lazy____________9.terrified___________10.Interest__________11.tasty___________12.especially________13.salty____________14.sour____________15.worry__________16.annoy___________17.dislike___________18.bother__________19.unhappy_________20.lost___________21.patience_________22.willing__________23.anxious_________24.tense____________25.proud___________26.behavior__________27.laugh___________28.embarrassed______29.unpleasant________30.slowly___________look___________32.frustrated.________33.confusing________34.nervous__________35.trouble___________根据英语单词写出对应的汉语意思，tryyourbesttodoit！1.onone’swayto_____________________2.bepleasedtodo_____________________3.beafraidtodo/of____________________4.beangrywithsb_____________________5.beterrifiedof_______________________6.happentosb________________________7.beinterestedin______________________8.beworriedabout____________________9.beannoyedwith____________________10.lostthepatiencein__________________11.beunwillingto_____________________12.Tobehonest_______________________13.beproudof________________________14.let......down_______________________15.laughat__________________________-16.thinkof___________________________17.arriveat/in_________________________18.atlast__________________________19.toone’ssurprise_____________________二、知识讲解考点易错点1、定语从句的定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。如：1)Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.2)YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分考点易错点2、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。(2)Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做主语)(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中做宾语)4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(1)Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主语)(2)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?(在句子中做宾语)5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(4)Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow?总结：关系代词引导定语从句时，可作主语、宾语、定语等句子成分。如：代替人代替物代替人或物主语whowhichthat宾语whom／whowhichthat定语whose（＝ofwhom）whose1.ThisisthedoctorwhocamefromLondon.2.Thebookwhich／thatIamreadingiswrittenbyThomasHardy.3.Thedeskwhoselegisbrokenisveryold.4.Thisistheroomthat／whichShakespearewasbornin.考点易错点3：使用关系代词时应注意以下几点：1．如果先行词是all，anything，something，nothing，everything，little，none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如：Allthatarepresentburstintotears.2．如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first，last，any，only，few，much，no，some，very等词修饰，关系代词常用that，不用which。例如：ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.3．which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思与andthis相似。例如：Hesucceededinthecompetition,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy.4．先行词中既有人又有物时，关系代词应该用that。例如：Theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely.考点易错点4：根据以上讲解，我们知道，定语从句中缺宾语时，引导词who,whom,which,that可以省略,其他情况下不能省略。这一点同学们要好好把握，在好多时候，题目中定语从句的引导词省略了，导致定语从句“神出鬼没”，我们很难发现它，对分析成分，理解句意造成一定障碍。【举例】：Whatdifficultywehad________theproblems!Asolved Btosolve Csolving Dsolve【答案】C【解析】如果考生能分辨出wehad为定语从句，先行词为difficulty，本道题的定语从句部分就可还原为：wehaddifficultysolvingtheproblems.difficulty提到前面做了先行词，引导词that或which省略了。那么空格处应该还是solving。这样，就可以避开haddone或havetodo结构的干扰而不会选择A或B答案。三、例题精析【例题1】【题干】-Doyouknowtheman______istalkingwithyourfather？-Yes，he‘sourheadmaster.A.he B.who C.which D.whom【答案】B【解析】定语从句缺主语，先行词为theman,指代人的单词，故选who做主语。【例题2】【题干】Haveyoureadthebook_______Igaveyouyesterday?

A.that B.when C.where【答案】A【解析】定语从句中give后面缺少宾语，先行词为book，指代物体作宾语用that。【例题3】【题干】Youhaveseenthegirl____sisterisaChineseteacher.A.whom B.ofwhom C.whose D.ofwhich【答案】C【解析】whose作定语，修饰sister。且sister和girl之间有所属关系。【例题4】【题干】ShaolinTemple________liesinthewestofZhengzhouwelcomesthevisitorsbothathomeandabroad.A.where B.which C.who D.what【答案】B【解析】定语从句缺少主语，先行词为指代物体的单词。故选B。【例题5】【题干】Doyouknowthescientist_______gaveusatalkjustnow?A.who B.whom C.which D.whose【答案】A【解析】定语从句部分gaveusatalkjustnow缺少主语，先行词为thescientist，故选A做主语。【例题6】【题干】Thisisthereason______hetoldme.A、that B、why C、onwhich D、forthat【答案】A【解析】定语从句部分hetoldme缺少宾语。选择that指代先行词为物体的reason。【例题7】【题干】Iknowthereason______hetoldme.A、which B、why C、onwhich D、/【答案】A或D【解析】定语从句部分hetoldme缺少宾语。选择which指代先行词为物体的reason。同时，关系代词作定语从句宾语时可以省略，故也可以选D.【例题8】【题干】Thisistheroom______doorisverybig.A、whose B、why C、onwhich D、forthat【答案】A【解析】定语从句部分door前面缺少定语，来表示它和先行词room的所属关系。选择whose指代所属关系。休息驿站：关于狗的英语谚语Everydoghashisday.凡人皆有得意日（意指：大家都有走运的一天）。Dogdoesnoteatdog.同类不相残；同室不操戈。Itrainscatsanddogs.大雨倾盆。Giveadogabadnameandhanghim.谗言可畏，欲加之罪，何患无辞Loveme,lovemydog.爱屋及乌Heisaluckydog.他是个幸运儿。comelikeadogatawhistle一呼即来leadadog'slife过着牛马不如的生活teachthedogtobark教狗怎么叫(意指多此一举)10.Thecatanddogmaykiss,yetarenonethebetterfriends.猫狗可以相吻，但不会成为好友。四、课堂训练【基础】1.Hetalkedabouttheclassmatesandtheschool____hehadvisited.A.who B.that C.which D.aboutwhich【答案】B2.Weshoulddoall____isusefultopeople.A./ B.that C.it D.which【答案】B3.Beijingisthe29thcity_______holdstheOlympicGames.

A.where B.that C.which D.what【答案】B4..Haveyoureadthebook_______Igaveyouyesterday?

A.that B.when C.where【答案】A5.Theman_______cametoourpartywithapresentismyoldfriend.

A.when B.which C.Who【答案】C【解析】前两道题先行词分别有人有物和不定代词。故用that。第三，四两道题定语从句缺少主语和宾语，先行词为物体，用that。最后一道题先行词为人，定语从句缺少主语，用who。【巩固】1.Those____finisheddoingitputupyourhands.A.whohave B.whohas C.whichhave D.have【答案】A2.Theman____wasafriendofmine.A.thatyoujusttalkedto B.whomyoujusttalkedtohimC.whoyoujusttalkedtohim D.whichyoujusttalkedto【答案】A3.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_______Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,_________hasagreateffectonmylife.A.that;which B.when;which C.which;that D.when;who【答案】B4.I've

read

all

the

books

_______

you

gave

me.

A.which

B.them

C.what

D.that

【答案】D5.Tell

us

about

the

people

and

the

places_______

are

different

from

ours.

A.that

B.who

C.which

D.whom

【答案】A6.Mr

John

said

that

Suzhou

was

the

first

city_______

he

had

visited

in

China.

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.what

【答案】A7.The

TV

play

I

watched

last

night

is

the

best

one

_______

I

have

watched

this

year.

A.which

B.what

C.whose

D.that

【答案】D8.Is

this

the

museum

_______you

visited

the

other

day?

A.that

B.where

C.in

which

D.the

one

【答案】A9.There

is

no

difficulty_______can't

be

overcome

in

the

world.

A.that

B.which

C.who

D.what

【答案】A10.This

was

the

supermarket

_______I

bought

this

kind

of

tin.

A.where

B.that

C.who

D.which

【答案】A【解析】第一道题先行词为those，是复数，故用have做定语从句助动词。第二道题定语从句youjusttalkedto缺少宾语，可以用that，其他句子成分有误。第三题第一空中，填when不做句子主语或宾语，指代时间。第二空是由which引导的非限制性定语从句。【拔高】1.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.what B.which C.that D.it【答案】B2.CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,___personallyIdoubtverymuch.A.it B.that C.when D.which【答案】D3.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,___,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.who B.which C.this D.what【答案】BThe

house_______we

live

is

not

big.

A.in

that

B.which

C.in

which

D.that

【答案】CBeijing,

_______is

the

capital

of

China,is

a

beautiful

city.

A.that

B.it

C.which

D.／

【答案】CShe

was

no

longer

the

woman_______she

was.

A.that

B.which

C.what

D.who

【答案】

A7.That's

the

hotel_______

last

year.

A.which

we

stayed

B.at

that

we

stayed

C.Where

we

stayed

at

D.where

we

stayed

【答案】A【解析】前三道题都是有which引导的非限制性定语从句。此时which用法比较典型。它引导的从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思与andthis相似。课堂小结本节课重点围绕定语从句这一语法专题展开，主要使同学们通过学习掌握定语从句概念，用法。区分who,whom,which,that,whose等引导词的区别，学会正确使用引导词。达到对从句有一定认识的整体高度。并由此初步理解其他从句的相关概念。课后作业【基础】1.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.A.Which B.where C.what D.inwhich【答案】A.which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。2.Thatistheday______I'llneverforget.A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when【答案】A.which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。3.Thefactory______we'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.A.where B.towhich C.which D.inwhich【答案】C.解析同第5题。4.Itthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountry?A.who B.who's C.which D.whose【答案】D.whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语.5.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.A.which B.that C.whom D.what【答案】B.things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that.6.Theletterisfrommysister,______isworkinginBeijing.A.which B.that C.whom D.who【答案】D.who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语.【巩固】1.Canyoulendmethebook______theotherday?A.aboutwhichyoutalked B.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalked D.thatyoutalked【答案】A.“谈到某事物”应说talkaboutsth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。2.I'minterestedin______youhavesaid.A.allthat B.allwhat C.that D.which【答案】A.that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导.3.You'retheonlyperson______I'veevermet______coulddoit.A.who;/ B./;whom C.whom;/ D./;who【答案】D.先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为,whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句whocoulddoit.who在从句中作主语,不可省略.4.Ilostabook,______Ican'tremembernow.A.whosetitle B.itstitle C.thetitleofit D.thetitleofthat【答案】A.whosetitle引导非限制性定语从句,whosetitle也可以说成thetitleofwhich5.Icanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.A.when;which B.which;when C.what;that D.onwhich;when【答案】A.两个先行词theday都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.6.Thismachine,______formanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.A.afterwhichIhavelooked B.whichIhavelookedafterC.thatIhavelookedafter D.Ihavelookedafter【答案】B.whichIhavel