unit animals and their rights 阅读教程 第四册

会计学1unitanimalsandtheirrights阅读教程第四册galesaur

['gælisɔ:]龙猫hamster

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n.仓鼠第1页/共22页第2页/共22页Pre-reading-Discussion

Reflectonyourchildhoodexperience,didyoukeeppets?Howwouldyoufeelifyourpetwaskilledformeat?

第3页/共22页HowismeattreatedinEnglishandChinesecultures?InChinesecultureInEnglishcultureFishareservedwiththeheadsonandchickenswiththeirfeet.

Meatisneverservedwithidentifiableanimalparts.Theheads,feetandfinsarechoppedoff.

Meatfromvariousmeatiscalled“animal+meat”(鸡肉，牛肉etc.)Meatisnotcalledbythenameofanimalsexceptforchickenandfish(cf.beeffromcows,porkfrompigs,lambfromsheep)

Peoplelikeanimalssoldaliveinordertomakesurethatmeatisfresh.

Peopledon’tgenerallysellanimalsalive,andmeatissoldalreadypackaged.Peopleoftendon’trealizethatthemeattheyeateverydayisactuallydeadversionsoftheanimalstheylovesomuch.第4页/共22页Therewouldbenothingleftofhumansocietyifwetreatedanimalsnotaspropertybutasindependentholdersofrights…Wouldbacteriahaverights?bacteria

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n.(复数)细菌Ifweshouldgiveanimalrightsandcouldnolongerdoaswewishedwithanimals,wemayhavenopets,nocircus,nomeat,nomilk,nocheese,nohorses,nodogs,catsorfisharoundthehouse.Whatwouldhappenifbacteriaweregivenrights?

第5页/共22页Thereissimplyno“defect”thathumansandanimalsdon’tshare,incontrasttohumaninfantsandthementallyretarded,whohaveverylimitedintelligence.Sincetheretardedhavethesamerightsaspeoplewhoaren’tretarded,itisnothingbut“speciesism”todenyanimalstheirrights.mentallyretarded智能发育迟缓的speciesism

n.物种歧视Humaninfantsandmentallydisadvantagedpeoplehavethesamelimitedintelligenceasanimals.Ifinfantsandthementallyretardedcanenjoythesamerightsastheaveragepeople,whyshouldwerefusetogiveanimalstheirrights?Itisobviously“speciesism”ifwedon’t.

第6页/共22页Theanimalsliberationmovementisnotsayingthatalllivesareofequalworthorthatallinterestsofhumansandotheranimalsaretobegivenequalweight,nomatterwhatthoseinterestsmightbe.Itissayingthatwhereanimalsandhumanhavesimilarinterests[avoidingpainandenjoyingpleasure]...thoseinterestsaretobecountedequally,withnoautomaticdiscountjustbecauseoneofthebeingsisnothuman.Theanimalliberationmovementisnotsayingthatallliveshaveequalvaluesorweshouldpayattentiontoallinterestsofhumansandotheranimalsequallywhateverthoseinterestsmightbe.Itemphasizesthatsinceanimalsandhumansalikeshareinterestssuchasavoidingpainandenjoyingpleasure,theirinterestsareequallyimportantinrelationshipsbetweenspecies.Theycan’tautomaticallybecomelessimportantbecausetheinterestscomefromanon-humanbeings.第7页/共22页AnimalsandTheirRightsReadingOneAnimalLiberationUnit1第8页/共22页BackgroundInformationWhatistheBookAnimalLiberationabout?AnimalLiberationisabookbyAustralianphilosopherPeterSinger,publishedin1975.Singerhimselfrejectedtheuseofthetheoreticalframeworkofrightswhenitcomestohumanandnonhumananimals:hearguedthattheinterestsofanimalsshouldbeconsideredbecauseoftheirabilitytofeelsufferingandthattheideaofrightswasnotnecessaryinordertoconsiderthem.第9页/共22页BackgroundInformationWhatareLadybirdBooks？LadybirdsBooksisaLondon-basedpublishingcompany.TheLadybirdimprintpublishesmass-marketchildren'sbooks.第10页/共22页BackgroundInformationUnderstandingFactoryFarmingFactoryfarmingisthemodernpracticeofraisinganimalsforfoodinextremeconfinement,inordertomaximizeprofits.Inadditiontointenseconfinement,abusesusuallyassociatedwithfactoryfarmingincludemassivedosesofhormonesandantibiotics,batterycages,debeaking,andtaildocking.Theanimalsspendtheirentirelivesinthesemiserableconditionsuntiltheyareslaughtered.Theirsufferingisunimaginable.WhatisFactoryFarming?第11页/共22页ReadingOneDecidewhethereachofthemistrueorfalse.______1.Manychildrenwanttoeatmeatbecausetheyunderstandmeatisgoodforhealth.______2.Whenwestarteatingmeatinourchildhood,weunderstandthatweareeatingthedeadbodyofananimal.______3.Accordingtotheauthor,weeatmeatbothbecauseit’sahabitandbecauseotherpeopleinourcommunityaredoingthesame.______4.Inourchildhood,thechoicebetweenwhethertoeatmeatortoloveanimalsgivesustrouble.FFTF第12页/共22页ReadingOneDecidewhethereachofthemistrueorfalse.______5.Thethemeofthenurseryrhythmquoteinthetextis“Killingbadanimals.”______6.Inthetext,dogsandcatsaredescribedasanimalsthatchildrendonoteat.______7.InthepopularbookFarmAnimals,theanimalsseemtoliveafreeandhappylife.______8.Itissuggestedthatinchildren’sstories,weshoulddepictanimalsasindependentbeings.FTTT第13页/共22页ReadingOne

CheckyourcomprehensionAnswerthefollowingquestionswiththeinformationfromthetext.Whatisthecontradictioninanimaleducationmentionedinthetext?Ontheonehand,oursocietyencourageschildrentobeaffectionatetowardsanimals,ontheotherhand,childrenare“pushed”bytheirparentstoeatmeat–thedeadbodyofananimal.Inthetext,theauthorquotesanurseryrhythm.What’sthethemeofthenurseryrhythm?Thenurseryrhymehasthethemeofcrueltytowardsanimals–mice,inthiscase.第14页/共22页ReadingOne

CheckyourcomprehensionAnswerthefollowingquestionswiththeinformationfromthetext.HowaretheanimalsdescribedinthebookFarmAnimalsandTheFarm?Whatkindoffalseimpressiondoesthatkindofdescriptionleaveonchildrenwhoreadthem?Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardseatingmeat?Whatexpressionsinthetextindicatehisattitude?Animalsinthesetwobooksaredepictedas“happy”,“carefree”,and“good-for-nothing”creatures.Thisdescriptionleaveschildrenthefalseimpressionthatanimalslivesimpleandhappyuntiltheydie.

Hedoesn’tseemtothinkthateatingmeatisawisechoice.Thiscanbeseenfromhisdisapprovalofparentsforcingtheirchildrentoeatmeat.

第15页/共22页ReadingOneMatchthewordsontherightwiththatontheleft.

strenuoussegregateddisruptgruesomeingenioussquealalterinitialcuteunifiedchangeseparatedshriekeffortfulunpleasantlovelyspoiltalentedfirstcommonsameconformdeclineshocked第16页/共22页ReadingOne

CheckyourvocabularyParaphrasethefollowingsentenceswithaspecialfocusontheitalicizedparts.Manychildrenatfirstrefusetoeatanimalflesh,andonlybecomeaccustomedtoitafterstrenuouseffortsbytheirparents.

Manychildrenatfirstrefusetoeatanimalflesh.Theylaterbecomeusedtoeatingitjustbecausetheirparentstryhardtopersuadethemtoeatit.第17页/共22页ReadingOne

CheckyourvocabularyParaphrasethefollowingsentenceswithaspecialfocusontheitalicizedparts.Thereisnotoneunifiedattitudetoanimals,buttwoconflictingattitudesthatcoexistedinoneindividual,carefullysegregatedsothattheinherentcontradictionbetweenthemrarelycausestrouble.Therearetwodifferentandconflictingattitudestowardsanimals;theyarecarefullyseparatedsothattheexistingandessentialcontradictionbetweenthetwohardlycausestrouble.

第18页/共22页ReadingOne

CheckyourvocabularyParaphrasethefollowingsentenceswithaspecialfocusontheitalicizedparts.Whenfarmanimalsarementionedinpicturebooksandstories,however,evasionmaybeforeadeliberateattempttomisleadthechildaboutthenatureofmodernfarms,andsoscreenhimfromreality.Picturebooksandstoriesdeliberatelyavoidpresentingtherealsituationinourmodernfarms.Children,therefore,arekeptfromseeingthereality.第19页/共22页Rea