2023年高考英语试题(湖南卷)完整解析版

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试〔湖南卷〕英语试题PartⅡLanguageKnowledge(45marks〕SectionA(15marks)Directions：foreachofthefollowingunfinishedsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.Example:Thewildflowerslookedlikeasoftorangeblanket_______thedesert.A.coveringB.coveredC.coverD.tocoverTheanswerisA.21.Theability_______anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.A.expressingB.expressedC.toexpressD.tobeexpressed答案C考察非谓语动词作定语的用法，express修饰的是ability，为主动关系，所以答案锁定在A，C之间；ability作为一抽象名词，通常使用动词不定式做定语；当然我们还可以联系短语beableto，不难判断正确选项是C22.Joan,What_______inyourhand?Look!It’sabirtydaygiftformygrandma.A.hadyouhelpB.areyouholdingC.doyouholdD.willyouhold答案B考察时态用法，通过语境判断是现在的时间，并且表达动作正在发生，应选B23.Theplayers_______fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.A.selectingB.toselectC.selectedD.havingselected【答案】C【解析】考察非谓语动词做定语的用法。Select修饰players,为被动关系，只有C选项表被动。24.Iknewthat_______wouldoverdiscouragehim;hewouldnevergiveupwantingtobeadirector.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing27.In1492,Columbus_______ononeoftheBahamaIslands,butthemistookisforanislandoffIndia.A.landsB.landedC.haslandedD.hadlanded【答案】B【解析】考察时态。动作前已经给出具体的过去时间in1492，所以排除A和C。另外根据题目没有明确说明"登陆"是发生在"误解"之前的动作，排除D；选B。28.Noone_______becomparedwithYaoMinginplayingbasketball.Oh,youarereallyhisbigfan.A.canB.needC.mustD.might【答案】B【解析】考察情态动词。need表示“需要〞。根据句意，选A。29.Doyouwakeupeverymorning_______energeticandreadytostartanewday?A.feelB.tofeelC.feelingD.felt32.Onlyaftertheyhaddiscussedthematterforseveralhours_______adecision.A.theyreachedB.didtheyreachC.theyreachD.dotheyreach【答案】B【解析】考察only前置的倒装句。Only引导状语从句前置，主句主谓要局部倒装。又因为从前文中的"haddiscussed"判断出是过去时间，应选B。33.Jackwasn’tsayinganything,buttheteachersmiledathim_______hehaddonesomethingveryclever.A.asifB.incaseC.whileD.though【答案】A【解析】考察状语从句的用法。根据句意，空格处需要填入"好似，仿佛"。应选A。34.Inthenearfuture,moreadvancesintherobottechnology_______byscience.A.aremakingB.aremadeC.willmakeD.willbemade【答案】D【解析】考察时态语态。从给出的时间状语"inthenearfuture"可以看出，说的是将来的事情。又因"进步"是被取得的，应选D。35.It’snotwhatwedoonceinawhile_______shapesourlives,butwhatwedoconsistently.A.whichB.thatC.howD.when【答案】B【解析】考察强调句型。应选B。SectionB(18marks)Directions：ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordsorphrasesthatbestfitsthecontext.Peopleincommunitieshaveslowlybeenpushedapartthroughtheyears,mostlybecausepeoplesimplyaren’ttakingthetimetosayasimple“hello.〞Afterconsideringthisphenomenon,IdecidedIwasgoingto36thewayIwasdoingthings.My37cameonemorningwhenIwasinthecommunitylibrary.Ipassedbyagirlwho38herbooksoutofherlocker.Thinkinglikemostthatsomeoneelsewouldhelpherpickthemup,Icontinuedmyway.However,whenIhadto39becauseIstupidlyforgotmybook,Inoticedshehadjustfinishedpackingthemupbyherself.Noonehadstoppedto40her.“OK,〞Ithoughttomyself,“thisiswhereIshouldhavechanged.〞MybestopportunitycameafewdayslaterwhenIsawaman41byhimselfwaitingforthelibrarytoopen,soIsatdownnexttohimandbegana42.Itwasdifficulttogetstarted,andevenwhenIhadtosaygoodbye,almostevery43frommynewfriendhadatone(语气)ofdoubtinit.Andwhocouldblamehim?Peoplearen’tusedtomakingan44chatwithastranger.Butachange,nomatterhow45itisneeded,doesn’tjusthappen.Ittakespeoplelikeustomakeitpossible.I46youtotakeasmallstepoutofyourcomfortzoneandtrytomakesomeone’sdayalittlebrighter.Together,wecanreallymakesocietycome47asawhole.36.A.changeB.explainC.learnD.show37.A.troubleB.doubtC.wishD.opportunity38.A.tookB.droppedC.gotD.pulled39.A.comeoutB.standbyC.gobackD.turnup40.A.pleaseB.greetC.helpD.praise41.A.sittingB.walkingC.ridingD.running42.A.discussingB.lessonC.reportD.conversation43.A.jokeB.responseC.cryD.story44.A.unchangeableB.unpreparedC.unforgettableD.unfinished45.A.desperatelyB.frequentlyC.simplyD.widely46.A.allowB.warmC.orderD.advise47.A.laterB.straighterC.closerD.slower40.答案C。考察动词。前文someoneelse和后文的noone对应，所以动作也应该对应，所以选help。41.答案A。考察动词。后文so是解题点，说明作者的动作与男人的动作一致，应选sitting。42.答案D。考察名词。第44题后面一个词chat即为此题答案，因此选chat的同义词conversion。43.答案B。考察名词。文章说我的新朋友的每个…中都显示出疑心的语气。首先joke，cry，和story文中均未提及，直接排除，选response。SectionC(12marks)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyfillingineachblackwithonewordthatbestfitsthecontext.Dosegoingtocollegereally48Englishclassincollegeontheshortstory.Ourfirstassignmentwastoread49shortstoriesandthendiscusswhichonewasbetter.Afterreadingboth,Iwasn’tsure.Overthe50severalmonths,myprofessortaughtme51onestorywassomuchbetterthantheother.52wasrichinmclaphor〔隐喻〕andcharacterdevelopment,whiletheotherwashumorous53tooshallow.Icouldn’tseethisatfirst.Yet,inafewmonths,mybraingotreeducatedand54couldseethedifferencebetweengoodandbadwritingandcouldappreciateliteratureatawholenewlevel.Goingtocollegehelpsbuildastrongmind,whichleads55greatersuccessinone’slife.【文章大意】本文一篇记叙文。作者通过记录自己在大学的一个片段，得出大学对于学生的重要作用。48.答案。an，名词前缺少冠词修饰，留意English前的冠词应填an。49.答案。two，后文的better，both以及theother均有所提示。50.答案。next，按照记叙文时间开展先后顺序，填next，此题略有难度。51.答案。why，教授告诉我的是如何判断一个比另一个更好，所以应填why。52.答案。one，后文whiletheother给与提示。53.答案。but，while前后比照得出答案。54.答案。I，此句缺少主语，容易得出答案I。55.答案。to，固定搭配leadto。PartⅢReadingComprehension(30marks)Directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassage.AWhenfirstentered,VanakRestaurantdoesnotlooklikemuchofarestaurant,butoncethepleasantsmellsofkabob〔烤肉串〕hitthesenses,youareincapableofcallingitanythingless.Ownedbyalocalcouple,thisPersianrestauranthasaninviting,homelikeatmospherethatmanyrestaurantslack.Thespaceissmallwithonlyafewdiningtablesandnearlynodecoration,buttheenvironmentistrulychaiming.Lyinginahardlynoticeablestreetcorner,therestaurantstillattractsallcustomerespeciallythoseexperiencedinthedelightsofMiddleEasrerncooking.AcommonsightisthatofoldPersianmensittinginthecornertalkingloudlyaboutworldtopics,wathcingnewseventsonTV,drinkingablackteaknownasPersianchai,anreadinglocalPersiannespapersallthewhiletryingtofinishofftheirplatespiledwitfood.Thevarietyoffoodattherestaurantislimited,buttheamountofeachdishisfairlylarge.Mostofthemealscanservetwopeopleandareunder$10,sonotonlyisitaffordablybutpracticalaswell.Thefood,especiallyappealstohealth-consciouseatersbecauseeachdishisveryhealthy,madewithlimitedfatandoilandservedstraightoffthegrill〔烤肉架〕.Themaindishthattherestaurantispopularforisitskabobs,whicharedifferentstyleofgrilledmeat.OnedeliciousandextemelyhealthydishistheJooiehKabob,whichismadeofgrillechichenpicccsservedwitheitherriceorbread.AnothergreatkabobistheCheloKabob,kabobconsintingofgrilledbeef.Althoughtherestaurantissamall,theatmosphereandthefoodisdelicious.Itisaplanthatshouldnotbeoverlooked.56.Whenfirstenteringtherestaurant,onecanfindthatit

A.issplendidlydecorated.

B.haspleasantsmellsofkabobs.

C.iscrowdedwithdiningtable.

D.lookslikeacommonrestaurant.

57.Whatactivityisalsomentionedapartfromdiningintherestaurant?

A.WatchingnewseventsonTV.

B.Drinkingakindofblackcoffee.

C.ReadinglocalEnglishnewspaper.

D.Discussingworldtopicsinlowvoices.

58.Thefoodoftherestaurant

A.isservedinsmallamounts.

B.isratherexpensive.

C.isrichinvarity.

D.isveryheslthy59.WhatisthedishJoojehKabobmainlymadeof？A.Rice B.Chicken C.Bread D.Beef60.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatrestaurant。A.occupies B.ownsafavorablelocationC.ispopularforitsspecialfood D.hasaquietenvironmentinside【文章大意】说明文：餐厅的介绍。56.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。由第一段的butoncethepleasantsmellsofkabob〔烤肉串〕hitthesenses,youareincapableofcallingitanythingless.得出答案。BMyfatherwaschiefengineerofamerchantship，whichwassunkinworldwar？？？thebooknightoftheU-boatstoldthestory。MemoriesInSeptember，1940，mymother,sisterandIwenttoSwansea,wheremyfather‘sshipwasgettingreadytosail,webroughthimafamilyphotographytobekeptwithhimatalltimesandkeephimsafe.ThenIremembermymotherlyingfacedown,sobbing.shehadheardfromafriendthattheshiphadbeensunkbyatorpedo(鱼雷).Icanrememberthearrivedofthetelegram〔电板〕，whichinthosedaysalwaysbroughtbadnews.mygrandmotheropenedit,itread,safe.loveted.〞Mymostvividmemoryisbeingwokenandbroughtdowntositonmyfather’sknee,hisarminabandage.HewasjudgedunfittoreturntoseaandtookashorejobinGlasgowfortherestofthewar,foraslongasIcanremember,hehadaweakheart,mothersaiditwascausedbythetorpedoes.hesaiditwasbecauseofthecigarette,whichever,hediedsuddenlyinhisearly50s.TenyearslaterIreadnightoftheU-boatandabletocompletethestory.AtoastInmyroomisthebookandthephotograph.often,glassinhand,IhavewonderedhowIwouldhavedealtwithanexplosion,asinkingship,ajumpintoavastoceanandawaitforrescue?lest(以免)weforget,Ihavesomemorewhiskyandtoasttheheroesofthewar.61.wecaninferthatthemotherandchildrenwenttoSwansea______.A.tomeetafriendB.toseethefatherC.totakeafamilyD.toenjoythesailingoftheship62.whatdidtheauthorlearnaboutthefatherfromthetelegram?A.hewasstillaliveB.hiskneewasbrokenC.hisshiphadbeensunkD.hehadarrivedinGlasgow63.theunderlinedword“it〞inparagraph6referstothefather‘s_____.A.weakheartB.takingashorejobC.failuretoreturnD.injurycausedbyatorpedo64.whatcanweknowabouttheauthor‘sfatherafterhisshipwasattacked?A.helosthisarmB.herepairedtheenginesC.hemanagedtotakealifeboatD.hewasthelasttoleavetheship65whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.agroupofforgottenheroesB.abookdescribingaterrifyingbattle C.ashipengineer’swartimeexperienceD.amerchant’smemoriesofasearescueCArecentstudyofancientandmodernelephanthascomeupwiththeunexpectedconclusionthattheAfricanelephantisdividedintotwodistinct(不同的)speciesThediscoverywasmadebyresearchersatYorkandHarvardUniversitywhentheywereexamingthegeneticrelationshipbetweentheancientwoollymammothandmastodonmodernelephants—theAsianelepphant,Africanforestelephant,andAfricansavannaelephant.OncetheyobastainDNAsequences〔序列〕fromtwofossils〔化石〕,mammothsandmastodons,theteamcompartedthemwithDNAfrommodernelephants.TheyfoundtheiramazementthatmordernforestandsavannaelephantsareasdistinctfromeachotherasAsianelephantsandmammoths.ThescientistsuseddetailedgeneticanalysistoprovethattheAfricansavannaelephantandtheAfricanforestelephanthavebeendistinctspeciesforseveralmillionyears.ThedivergenceofthetwospeciestookplacearoundthetimeofthedivergenceofAsianelephantsandwoollymammoths.Thisresultamazedallthescientists.Therehaslongbeendebateinthescientificcommunitythatthetwomightbeseparatespecies,butthisisthemostconvincingscientificevidencesofarthattheyareindeeddifferentspecies.Previously,manynaturalistsbelievedthatAfricansavannaelephantsandAfricanforestelephantsweretwopopulationgsofthesamespecies,despitetheelephants’significantsizedifferences.Thesavannaelephanthasanaverageshoulderheightof3.5metreswhiletheforestelephanthasanaverateshoulderdoubletheweightoftheforestelephant.Butthefactthattheylooksodifferrentdoesnotneccssarilymeantheyaredifferentspecies.HowevertheprooflayintheanalysisioftheDNA.AlfriedRoca,assitantprofessorintheDepartmentofAnimalSciencesattheUniversityof66.Oneofthefossilesstudiedbytheresearchersisthatof.A.theAsianelephantB.theforestelephantC.thesavannaelephantD.themaslodonelephant67.Theunderlinedword“divergence〞inParagraph4means“.〞A.evolutionB.exhibitionC.separationD.examination68.Theresearchers’conclusionwasbasedonastudyoftheAfricanelephant’s.A.DNAB.heightC.weightD.population69.WhatareAlfredRoca’swordsmainlyabout?A.TheconservationofAficanelephantB.ThepurposeofstudyingAficanelephantC.ThewaytodivideAficanelephantsintotwounitsD.TherensonforthedistinctionofAfricanelephants70.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttilleforthepassage?A.Naturalist’BeliefsaboutElephantsB.AmazingExperimentsaboutElephantsC.AnUnexpectedFindingahoutElephantsD.ALongScientififDebateaboutElephantsPartⅣWriting〔45marks〕SectionA〔10mark〕Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillinthenumberedblanksbyusingtheinformationfromthepassage.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.Apersonsearchesvariouswebsitesfordifferentreasons,suchasschool,work,orentertaiment.Forteenagers,manyinformationresouscesontheInternetcanbeused.Asamatteroffact,thereareeducational,musicandartwebsitesthataretrulyhelpfultoteeagers,becausetheycanhelpmakeone’slifeeasier.Educationwebsitesarehelpfultoateenagerindoingschoolworkandsearchingforacolleag.Somecanhelpstudyingfortestes,explainingalesson,anddoinghomeward.Somecanhelpfindtherightschoolbasedonone’sinterests.Andstillothershavepagesdevotedtothesociallifeateachcollegesorthespeciesactivitiesthatatacertainschool.

Somefreemusicsitesenableateenagertodiversifytheirmusical_tastes.Onthesesites,alltypesofmusicareavailablesuchaspop,jazzandcountry．Onecantypeinasong，categoryorartistandhisorherentirecatalogappears.Then．Thelistenercanmakemultipleplaylistswithoutcreatinganaccount(账户)withthesite.

Therevariousartweb,sitesthatcanhelpstudentstoappreciateandcreateartpieces.Onthesesites,astudentcanviewnumerousphotosandartpiecesfromdifferent．Mediumsorcreateanaccountwiththewebsitetouploadtheirartpiecesforpeopletosee.Inaddition,onecanenjoyvariousartpeoplehavecreatedondisplayfortherestoftheworld.

TrulyinformativeresourcesofferedontheInternet.Thebestsuggestiononecanreceiveistotrytolookfornewwebsitesthatcanhelpintheeducational，music,orartareasoonecanbecomewell-roundedandinformed.TrulyHelpfulWebsitesforTeenagersMany71areavailableonvariouswebsites.I.Educationalsites:helpingone72andsearchforacollege·Studyfortests,explainalesson,anddohomework·Findtherightschoolthatone73·learninformationaboutcollegesociallifeand74IIFreemusicsites;75todiversifymusicaltastes·Listentoalltypesofmusic·Typeinasong,category,orartisttogetanentirecatalog·makemultipleplaylists76III.77；helpingoneappreciateandcreateworks·Viewphotosandworksfrommediums·78forotherstosee·79ondisplayHelpfulwebsitescanmaketeenagers8077.【答案】Artsites【解析】第四段第一句Therearevariousartwebsitethat…。78.【答案】Uploadartpieces【解析】第四段第二句后半局部…touploadtheirartpiecesforpeopletosee。79.【答案】Enjoyartprojects【解析】第四段最后一句…onecanenjoyvariousartprojectsthat…。80.【答案】well-roundedandinformed【解析】全文最后一句：…soonecanbecomewell-roundedandinformed。SectionB(10marks)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Answerthequestionsaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassage.MyFirstLongRunTwoweeksago,Ihadaquarrelwithmyhusband.Afterhehaddrivenoffinanger,IrealizedthatIwasn’tgoingtofeelanybetterjustsittingthere.Feelingabandonedandguilty,Iputonmygymshoestogetsomefreshair.Ourdr