虚拟语气自制1

虚拟语气

if引导真实条件句

If条件句 主句

一般现在时一般将来时

Summary：主将从现主情从现主祈从现ButactuallyIamtoobusytolearnChinese.IfIlivedinChinanow,IwouldlearnChinese.Subjunctivemood

if引导虚拟条件句If引导的条件句

虚拟条件句

表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。

注意：主从句时态的变化

IfI______(meet)Obama,I————————(shake)handswithhim.

metwouldshakeIfhe____________morecarefully,

he_________________thecaraccidentinMay,2009.

haddriven

wouldnothavehad

IfI____________timelastnight,

I_____________

toseethe

filmwithyou.hadhad

wouldhavegoneIwassobusylastnight.如果他明天起床早的话,他会准时的.

should

wereto

Ifhe_____________getup

earlytomorrow,hewouldbeontime.Ifhe___________getupearlytomorrow，hewouldbeontime.·IftheGod____________________________meanotherchance,I_________thegirl:Iloveyou!(give,tell)·Ifourlovehadtobesetatimelimit,Iwishitwouldbe10,000years!

shouldgive/weretogive/gavewouldtellSummary错综虚拟句:当虚拟条件句所表示的与主句表示的时间不一致时,动词的形式要作相应调整。Ifyouhadtaken

myadviceyesterday,youwouldbemuchbetter

now.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在)虚拟语气的倒装:有时侯可省略if,句子可变成以下形式,即“were/had/should+主语+...”。.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.

Hadyoucomeearlier,

youwouldhavemethim.Wereyoutofallill,Iwouldbeworried.Ifyouweretofallill,Iwouldbeworried(3).含蓄虚拟句:有时if引导的虚拟条件从句可介词without

或butfor引导的短语来代替。1.Iftherewerenowater,wecouldnotlive.Withoutwater,

wecouldnotlive.2.Ifyouhadnothelpedme,

Iwouldhavefailed.Without/butforyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.TomPeterTom:Hi,Peter.Whydoyoulookupset.What’swrong?Peter:Janerefusedtomarryme.Ifshe____________(accept)meyesterday,I________________(be)thehappiestman.Tom:Cheerup,Peter!IfI______(be)you,I____________(send)heranotherbunchofroses.Peter:Oh,yes!That’sagoodidea!Tom:Mayyousucceed!Peter:Oh,Jane,pleasemarryme!Ifyou___________(marry)metomorrow,you___________whatyoulike.hadacceptedwouldbewerewouldsendshouldmarrycoulddopracticeIwishIrememberedtheaddress.我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）HowIwishhehadnotleft.要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）wish+thatHowIwishIfonlydid/were现在haddone过去would/might/woulddo将来5.Ifonly(1)…要是就好了

=IwishIfonlyIknewhisnamenow!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvicelasttime!IfonlyIcouldseehimagainnextyear!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!要是我没错过火车就好了.IwishIrememberedtheaddress.我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）HowIwishhehadnotleft.要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）wish+thatHowIwishIfonlydid/were现在haddone过去would/might/woulddo将来5.Ifonly(1)…要是就好了

=IwishIfonlyIknewhisnamenow!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvicelasttime!IfonlyIcouldseehimagainnextyear!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!要是我没错过火车就好了.

区别：{HespeaksEnglishasif/thoughheisfromtheUSA. 陈述语气HespeaksEnglishasif/thoughhewerefromtheUSA. 虚拟语气2.asif/though+Clause现在：过去：将来:did/were(现在)haddone(过去)Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.HespeaksasifhehadbeentotheUnitedStates.would+动词原形(将来)IwishIrememberedtheaddress.我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）HowIwishhehadnotleft.要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）wish+thatHowIwishIfonlydid/were现在haddone过去would/might/woulddo将来5.Ifonly(1)…要是就好了

=IwishIfonlyIknewhisnamenow!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvicelasttime!IfonlyIcouldseehimagainnextyear!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!要是我没错过火车就好了.

区别：{HespeaksEnglishasif/thoughheisfromtheUSA. 陈述语气HespeaksEnglishasif/thoughhewerefromtheUSA. 虚拟语气2.asif/though+Clause现在：过去：将来:did/were(现在)haddone(过去)Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.HespeaksasifhehadbeentotheUnitedStates.would+动词原形(将来)虚拟语气

SubjunctiveMood时间条件从句if主句过去haddonewould/should/could/mighthavedone现在did/werewould/should/could/mightdo将来1.shoulddo2.weretodo3.did退一步海阔天空evenif/though,wish,,ifonly等从句的虚拟与它相同。名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词

suggest,order,demand,propose,command,request,desire,insist,require,adviceetc.引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，以(should)+v原的形式出现。Weallsuggestthathe(should)finishhishomeworkfirst.

Thecaptaincommandedthatallthesailors

(should)getdowntoworkatonce.It’ssuggested(ordered,demanded,proposed,commanded,requested,desired,insisted,required)that…后面的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气，也以(should)+v原.的形式出现。

It’sorderedthatonlyGerman(should)be

taughtatschoolsinAlsasandLorin.It’srequestedthatallthestudents(should)wearschooluniformsatschool.

以上这些动词的名词形式后面的表语从句和同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，也应以

(should)+v原.的形式出现。

Mysuggestionisthatyou(should)gohomefirstbeforecominghere.

Hisrequestthathiscost(should)bepaid

bythehouriscompletelyreasonable.Theordercamethatthework(should)befinishedtwodaysaheadoftimeMyadviceisthatyou(should)practisespeakingEnglishasoftenaspossible注意:当suggest表示“暗示”;insist表示“坚持认为”时不用虚拟！HisaccentsuggestshecomesfromHunan.IinsistthathewaswrongHissilencesuggestedthatheagreedwithmydecisionHeinsiststhatdoingmorningexercisesdoesgoodtopeople’shealth.1.wouldratherthat现在：过去：未来：过去时过去完成时过去时Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.注意:在主语＋would(had)rather＋that宾语从句中，从句谓语一般用过去式表示虚拟形式。例如:我真希望你告诉我真相。

I’dratheryoutoldmethetruth.我宁愿不再见着你。

I’dratherIdidn’tseeyouagain.我倒希望他们和我一起去。Iwouldrathertheywentwithme.3.It’s(about/high)time+that---过去时should+V.你该走了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyouweregoing.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.我们该去睡觉了。It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.4.without和butfor构成虚拟。butfor要不是Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.Butforwater,itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert.6.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important+that---Clause从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形Itisimportantthatwe(should)masteraforeignlanguage.Itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty.It’snecessarythatweshouldstudyhard.1.Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit___.

A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israined答案B真实条件句主句为将来时,从句用一般现在时。2.IfI______abee,I______workmuchharder.were;wouldwere;shallhad;willhave;should3.____sheaman,shemightbeelectedpresident.IfwereWereBeIs4.IfI_____inthe22ndcentury,I________myvocationinaverydifferentway.shouldlive;wouldspendwilllive;shouldspendareliving;shouldhavespentwillbeliving;wouldhavespent5.Ifyouhadstudiedtheproblemcarefullyyesterday,________anydifficultynow.A.youwon’tfindB.youwouldnothavefoundC.youwouldnotfindD.youhavenotfound1.Hadtheweatherbeengood,we_____________(go)outforawalk.2.Ifthere___________________________(be)anychangeaboutthedate,Iwouldinformyouintime.3.IfI___________(leave)sooner,I’dhavecaughtthebus.4._____(be)Itodothework,Ishoulddoitinadifferentway.5.HadIturnedofftheelectricheater,theho