英语：过去分词作定语课件（外研社版）

GrammarThe—edform过去分词作定语过去分词在句子中可以作定语、表语和补语。用法：一、在句子中的位置过去分词作定语前置单个的过去分词作定语时，位于所修饰的名词或代词前后置过去分词短语作定语时，位于所修饰的名词或代词后面e.g.Whatareyougoingtodowiththedamagedrecorder?e.g.Themagazinepublishedashortstorywrittenbyahighschoolstudent.注：1、如果过去分词修饰something,everything,anything,nothingsomebodyanybodynobadythose等时，要放在这些词后面e.g.Isthereanybodyinjured?2、少数单个过去分词如left,allowed,invited,ordered,needed等常作后置定语如:e.g.Therearestillfiveminutesleft.Sowehavetimetoreadthetextoncemore.Doyouknowthenumberofbooksordered?二、用法特征：及物动词的过去分词作定语表示被动或完成意义，或没有一定的时间性的动作；不及物动词的过去分词没有被动的意义，只表示动作的完成。如e.g.AbridgebuiltofironismuchstrongerthanonebuiltofstoneLet’spickupthefallenleavesinthecornerandsweepupthefloor.注：1、一些由表示情感或心理状态的动词转化而来的过去分词作定语时，已经完全形容词化，不表被动。常见的有：amazed,embarrassed,disappointed,excited,encouraged,bored,interested,tired,worried,surprised,satisfied,pleased,moved,frightened等。e.g.Theexcitedchildrenwereopeningtheirpresents.2、过去分词仍具有动词的特点，可以带有自己的状语。如TheOlympicGames,firstplayedin776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.三、语法功能：过去分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能相当于一个定语从句。如：e.g.Thestolenbikewasreturnedtoitsowner.=Thebikewhichhadbeenstolenwasreturnedtoitsowner.e.g.Mr.andMrs.Williamsadoptedababyabandonedbyitsparents.四、区别过去分词与所修饰的词是动宾关系，表示被动或完成现在分词与所修饰的词有主谓关系，表示主动或正在进行不定式作后置定语，表示将要发生的动作，通常用主动形式表示被动意义e.g.MayIhavealookatthepicturestakenontheGreatWall?e.g.Hegaveuphisseattotheoldmanstandingnearby.e.g.IhavesomuchworktodothatIcan’tgooutwithyou.Theprizeofthegameshowis$30000andanallexpenses()vacationtoChina.A.payingB.paidC.tobepaidD.beingpaidForbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit()onhisownfarm.grownB.beinggrownC.tobegrownD.togrow3.Nowthatwe’vediscussedourproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions()A.takingB.takeC.takenD.totake4.Withthegovernment’said,those