2生技大二学习英语u

KeyWordsandExpressionsTextATechnologyandHappiness1.IntheUnitedStates,forinstance,grossdomesticproduct

percapitatripledfrom1950to2000.Lifeexpectancy

soared.(Para.1)grossdomesticproductpercapita=GDP,人均国内生产总值Hisgrossannualincome,beforetax,isjust$12,000.GDP≠GNP(grossnationalproduct,国民生产总值)GDP—Themonetaryvalueofallthefinishedgoodsandservicesproducedwithinacountry'sbordersinaspecifictimeperiodGNP—Thetotalmonetaryvalueofallthegoodsandservicesproducedbyanationduringaspecifiedtimeperiod1-2

TextATechnologyandHappinesstriple(v.)=growtothreetimestheamountornumber(增至三倍)Noteotherrelatedverbs:double翻一番

triple三倍于；（使）增至三倍quadruple四倍于；（使）增至四倍quintuple五倍于；（使）增至三五倍increasebyXtimes/folds

soar(v.)riserapidlyortoaveryhighlevel骤升，猛增，腾飞如今一座座高楼在这里拔地而起。High-risingbuildingssoarfromtheland.人们在数字世界里自由翱翔。Peoplesoarfreelyinthisdigitalworld.2-2

TextATechnologyandHappiness2.TheboominproductivityafterWorldWarIImadegoodsbetterandcheaperatthesametime.Thingsthatwereonce

luxuries,suchasjettravelandlong-distancephonecalls,becamenecessities.(Para.1)boom(n.)aperiodofhigheconomicgrowthcharacterizedbyrisingwages,profits,andprices,fullemployment,andhighlevelsofinvestment,trade,andothereconomicactivities繁荣（时期），迅速增长（期），景气ThereportischaracterizedbyitsuniqueanalysisoftherealestatemarketboominChina.这篇报道的特点在于它对中国房地产市场繁荣的独特分析。我爸爸是五十年代生育高峰期出生的。Myfatherisamemberofthebabyboomgenerationinthe1950s.1-2

TextATechnologyandHappinessThingsthatwereonceluxuries,suchas…,becamenecessities.“luxuries”and“necessities”hereformacontrast.boom(v.)toprosperorcausetoprospervigorouslyandrapidly兴隆WiththefinalrecoveryoftheGreatDepression,economyinAmericagraduallyboomed,especiallytherealestatebusiness.随着经济大萧条的最终恢复，美国经济逐渐兴盛起来，尤其是房地产业。2-2

TextATechnologyandHappiness3.Infact,thepercentageofpeoplewhosaytheyare“veryhappy”hasfallenslightlysincetheearly1970s—eventhoughtheincomeofpeoplebornin1940has,onaverage,increasedby116percentoverthecourseoftheirworkinglives.(Para.2)

onaverage

inmostcases,usually大多情况下，通常，平均Arecentstudyshowsthatchildrengetcellphonesatage8

on

average.一项最近的研究显示，儿童平均拥有手机的年龄为八岁。BarbecuingislovedbyAmericansinparticular—3outof4Americanhouseholdsownagrillandtheyuseit

onaverage

5timespermonth.美国人格外喜爱烧烤，四分之三的美国家庭拥有烧烤架，并且平均每个月使用五次。1-1

TextATechnologyandHappiness4.Easterlinshowedthatwhenitcametodevelopedcountries,therewasnorealcorrelationbetweenanation’sincomelevelanditscitizens’happiness.Money,Easterlinargued,couldnotbuyhappiness—atleastnotafteracertainpoint.Easterlinshowedthatthoughpovertywasstrongly

correlatedwithmisery,onceacountrywassolidlymiddle-class,gettingwealthierdidnotseemtomakeitscitizensanyhappier.(Para.3)correlation(n.)相关度/关联

—link,connection,relationshipcorrelate(vt.)(~…with)Doyoubelievethatone’swayoflearningiscloselycorrelatedwithhislearningeffect?你是否认为，一个人的学习方法与他的学习效果密切相关？Theresearcherscannotcorrelatethetwosetsoffigures.研究者们看不出这两组数据有什么关联。1-1

TextATechnologyandHappiness5.Onefamousstudyshowedthatalthoughwinnerswerevery,veryhappywhentheywon,theirextremeexcitementquicklyevaporated,andafterawhiletheirmoodsandsenseofwell-beingwereindistinguishablefromwhattheyhadbeenbeforethevictory.(Para.4)evaporate

(v.)causetochangeintoavapor;becomelessintenseandfadeawaygradually蒸发；消失vapor(n.

蒸气)→evaporate(v.

蒸发)→evaporation(n.

蒸发)阳光很快就会将水蒸发掉。Thesunevaporateswaterveryquickly.小心，不要因为蒸发作用而失去过多的水分。Becarefulnottolosetoomuchliquidbyevaporation.1-2Reason?—

Peopleadaptveryquicklytogoodnews.indistinguishable(adj.)exactlyalike;incapableofbeingperceivedasdifferent不能辨别的，不能区分的Johnisknownasasuperbaker:aBigMacboughtinMcDonaldisindistinguishablefromthesamehamburgerinhisbakery.约翰是一位超级烘培师，在麦当劳买的巨无霸与在他店里买的汉堡包没什么区别。蝙蝠可以发出一种为人耳所不易察觉的声音。Batscouldmakeasoundthatwasindistinguishabletothehumanear.Collocation:distinguishAfromBdistinguish

betweenAandBTextATechnologyandHappiness2-26.Youcanseethisprincipleatworkintheworldof

technologyeveryday.(Para.5)atwork:havinganeffectonsth.Thepillsareatwork,andheissleepinglikealognow.经济学家们正在研究通货膨胀在经济中的作用。Economistsarenowstudyingtheinflationaryforcesatworkintheeconomy.TextATechnologyandHappiness

makenodifference:

notmatteratall

Thechildalwaysfeltneglectedbyhisfamily,andnomatterhowhardhetriedtodoeverything,itmadenodifference.

Youcanhaveasingleordoubleroom,—itmakesnodifferencetotheprice.TextATechnologyandHappiness7.Doesourfastassimilationoftechnologicalprogressmean,then,thattechnologymakesnodifference?(Para6)TextATechnologyandHappiness8.No.Itjustmakesthequestionoftechnology’simpact,forgoodorill,morecomplicated.(Para.6)

forgoodorill:

whethertheresultsaregoodorbad不论好歹不管怎么样，使用者已经极大地影响了互联网的发展。Forgoodorill,usershavegreatlyinfluencedthedevelopmentoftheInternet.Butbiotechnologywillalsobecomeagamethatalmostanyonecanplay—forfunorprofit;recklesslyorresponsibly;forgoodorill.但生物技术也由此可能成为人人皆可参与的游戏——这些人有的为乐趣或为利润，有人冒冒失失有人胸怀责任，有人用心良苦也有人居心叵测。1-19.Telemarketing,trafficjams,andidentitytheftall

cometomind.(Para6)cometomind:make(one)suddenlythinkof

Themomentwhenhelockedthedoor,itcametohismindthathelefthiswalletintheroom.看到这幅图，你第一个会想到什么东西？

Atsightofthispicture,whatisthefirstthingthatcomestoyourmind?TextATechnologyandHappiness10.

fragile

(Para7)a.easilybrokenordamagedTheporcelainplatesaresofragilethatwemusthandlethemwithcare.Twoambulanceattendantspickeduphisfragilebodyandputhimontoastretcher.建立在利益基础上的友谊是脆弱的。Friendshipbasedoninterestisfragile.TextATechnologyandHappinessTextATechnologyandHappiness11.Thenotionthattechnologydisruptsrelationshipsand

fracturescommunitygainedmainstreamprominenceasanattackontelevision.(Para.7)

disrupt

(vt.)bringorthrowintodisorder

Protestersdisruptedthecandidate’sspeech.转校，尤其是在11岁至16岁之间，很容易打断一个孩子的教育。Movingtoanewschoolcaneasilydisruptachild’seducation,especiallybetweentheagesofelevenandsixteen.Collocations:disrupttraffic

引起交通混乱

disruptschedule扰乱计划1-1fracture:v.

(causeto)breakorcrack

Theoldladyfelldownthestairs,andherrightlegfracturedintwoplaces.他被提名破坏了权利的微妙平衡。Thenominationofhimfracturedthedelicatebalanceofpower.TextATechnologyandHappiness12.Thenotionthattechnologydisruptsrelationshipsand

fracturescommunitygainedmainstreamprominenceasanattackontelevision.(Para.7)

prominence

(n.)thestateorqualityofbeingprominent突出，显著，重要这位年轻的时装设计师声望越来越高。

Thisyoungfashiondesignerisrisingtoprominence.

TheChinesecivilizationhasalwaysgivenprominencetounremittingself-improvement,reformandinnovation.中华文明历来强调自强不息，革故鼎新。崭露头角

重视1-1

1.Whatdopeopleblametelevisionmainlyfor?Televisionistoblamemainlyforinterferingwiththesmoothdevelopmentofrelationshipsbetweenpeopleandbreakingupcommunityunity.2.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.人们对电视的批评主要集中在以下方面：技术扰乱了人际关系、破坏了社区交往。TextATechnologyandHappiness13.Today,technologicalchangeissorapidthatwhenyoubuysomething,youdosoknowingthatinafewmonthsthere’sgoingtobeabetter,fasterversionoftheproduct,andthatyou’regoingtobe

stuckwiththeoldone.Someoneelse,inotherwords,hasitbetter.It’sasifdisappointmentwere

builtintoacquisitionfromtheverybeginning.(Para.9)be

stuck

withhaveordealwithsth.unwantedunwillingly被…缠住无法摆脱Shallwebe

stuck

withtherainydaysuntiltheendoftheholiday?

我们得一直等到假度完了才能摆脱这下雨天吗？Iam

stuck

withtheworkwhichisfarbeyondmyabilityintheend.那个我根本完成不了的工作最终还是推给我了。1-1TextATechnologyandHappiness14.Thepointisobvious:thevastmajorityofpeoplearehappytobealive,andthemoretimetheygetonearth,thebetter

offtheyfeelthey’llbe.Butuntilveryrecently,lifeforthevastmajorityofpeoplewasnasty,rough,andshort.Technologyhaschangedthat,atleastforpeopleintherichworld.(Para.10)

rough(adj.)(offoodandlivingconditions)notdelicateorcomfortable;simple（食物、生活环境等）粗陋，简陋的Howcouldyouhavethehearttoletalittlegirlof6todosucharoughjob?你怎么能忍心让一个六岁的小女孩干这么重的活儿呢?Theseahadbeenroughandtheskiesgrayalmostallthewayover.几乎一路上都是海涛汹涌，天空灰暗。1-1DifficultSentencesTextATechnologyandHappinessMoney,Easterlinargued,couldnotbuyhappiness--atleastnotafteracertainpoint.(para3.L32)1-3Whatdoesthissentenceimply?Moneycan’tbringpeoplehappiness,atleastwhenpeople’swealthhasreachedtoacertainlevel.Translation:

可是，现代的技术评论文章多半都没有把焦点集中在具体的、有害的技术上，而是集中在了技术对人际关系的影响上。Paraphrase:However,currentcommentsontechnologyhavemostlycenteredonthebadeffectsoftechnologyonourhumanrelationshipsratherthanparticular,harmfultechnologies.DifficultSentencesTextATechnologyandHappinessButforthemostpart,moderncritiquesoftechnologyhavefocusednotsomuchonspecific,badtechnologiesastheimpactoftechnologyonourhumanrelationships.(Para.6)notsomuch…as…=与其说……不如说(否定前者，肯定后者)Heisnotsomuchgeniusasahardworker.Happinesshingesnotsomuchonwealthasonhealth.他的努力胜于天分。快乐与其说在于财富倒不如说在于健康。1-3DifficultSentencesTextATechnologyandHappinessToday,technologicalchangeissorapidthatwhenyoubuysomething,youdosoknowingthatinafewmonthsthere’sgoingtobeabetter,fasterversionoftheproduct,andthatyou’regoingtobestuckwiththeoldone.(Para.9)1.Withtechnologychangingsorapidly,isitpossibleforpeopletobuythebestproduct?Whyorwhynot?Wehavetokeepitevenifwedon’tlikeitanymore.2.Whatcanwedowiththeoldversionoftheproduct?No,becauserapiddevelopmentoftechnologywillalwayssoonproduceabetterone.TextATechnologyandHappinessIt’sasifdisappointmentwerebuiltintoacquisitionfromtheverybeginning.(Para.9)Whatdoesthissentencemean?Itseemsasifpeopleweredoomedtodisappointmentthemomenttheyboughttheproduct.DifficultSentencesTextATechnologyandHappiness日常生活的压力、一种令人烦恼的失望感、对政府知道你的情况超出你希望程度的恐惧感——这些显然都是技术降低了人们幸福感的几个方面。Dailystress,anannoyingsenseofdisappointment,fearthatthegovernmentknowsalotmoreaboutyouthanyouwouldlikeitto—theseareobviouslysomeofthewaysinwhichtechnologyreducespeople’ssenseofwell-being.(Para10)TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.TextATechnologyandHappiness…themoretimetheygetonearth,thebetterofftheyfeelthey’llbe.(Para10)Whatdoesthissentencemean?…thelongerlifepeopleliveintheworld,thehappiertheyfeelthey’llbe.“howvaluablefor…arethebenefits…”isanexclamatorysentence(感叹句)usedasanobjectclausefor“remembering”.Thedeclarative

sentence(陈述句)canbe“thebenefitsthat