高考英语词汇复习资料汇总

100/10016.选A。liveupto意为“实践，做到”；standupto意为“勇敢地抵抗”；lookupto意为“尊敬，仰望”；runupto意为“达到，积累到”。17.选D。turnin意为“上交，归还”；turninto意为“进入，(使)变成”；turnto意为“转向，变成，求助于，致力于”；turnoff意为“关掉，避开”。18.选C。seeabout意为“查询，留意于”；lookafter和takecareof均表示为“照顾，关心”；getdownto意为“开始认真考虑”。19.选A。setout意为“陈述，陈列，出发，开始”；setoff意为“出发，动身”；setover意为“移交，置于……上，指派……管理”；setup意为“设立，竖立，架起，升起，创(纪录)，提出”。20.选A。takeon意为“披上，呈现，具有，雇用，接纳，流行”；dressup意为“打扮，装饰，伪装”；puton意为“穿上，把……放在上，装出，增加”；getinto意为“进入，陷入，穿上”。情态动词考点◆典型陷阱题分析◆1.“Mikeisoftenabsentfromclass.”“Tellhimhe_____answerforitifhegoesonbehavinglikethat.”A.shall B.willC.would D.can【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】最佳答案选A。shall用作情态动词主要有以下两个用法：(1)用于疑问句中征求意见。如：ShallIhelpyou?要不要我帮帮你?ShallIopenthewindow?要我把窗子打开吗？(2)用于陈述句中表示允诺、告诫、警告、威胁、命令、规定、必然性等(可用于各类人称)。如：Youshallsufferforthis.你会为此事吃苦头的。(表威胁)Eachcompetitorshallwearanumber.每个参赛者要戴一个号码。(表规定)Youshallheareverythingassoonasyoucome.你一来就可听到所有情况了。(表允诺)请做以下试题(答案均选shall)：(1)“Ipromisethatshe_____getanicepresentonherbirthday.”“Willitbeagreatsurprisetoher?”A.should B.mustC.would D.shall2.You_______paytoomuchattentiontoyourreadingskill,asitissoimportant.A.cannot B.shouldn’tC.mustn’t D.needn’t【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】最佳答案选A。cannot…too…是英语中一个十分有用的表达，意为“不可能太……，无论怎样……也不算过分，越……越……”。如：Youcan’tbetoocareful.你越仔细越好。Youcan’tpraisethetoomuch.这本书值得大加赞扬。Wecannotworktoomuchforthepeople.我们为人民做工作是不可能做过头的。Awomancannothavetoomanyclothes.女人买的衣服再多也不算多。注：有时也可用cannever,impossible等与too连用来表示类似意思。如：Itisimpossibletogettheretoosoon.去那儿越早越好。3.“IsJohncomingbytrain?”“Heshould,buthe_____not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.”A.must B.canC.need D.may【陷阱】可能误选B或C。【分析】最佳答案为D。may表推测，maynot意为“可能不(会坐火车来)”。句中的Heshould为Heshouldcomebytrain之省略，由于其后出现转折连词but，说明语意有变化，再结合下文的Helikesdrivinghiscar，便可决定此题选D。注意，不能选B，因为can表示推测时通常不用肯定陈述句。4.“Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.”“It____truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.”A.maynotbe B.won’tbeC.couldn’tbe D.mustn’tbe【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】此题最佳答案为C，主要由下文的becausetherewaslittlesnowthere这一语境所决定，既然“没下什么雪”，那么“滑雪”就应是“不可能”，所以选couldn’tbe，即选C。5.“Doyouthinkheislazy?”“I_____soonce,butIdon’tnow.”A.mayhavethought B.canhavethoughtC.maythink D.mightthink答案选A。从答话人的语境可知，空格处的意思“曾经这样想过”，即对过去情况作推测，故应用“情态动词+动词完成式”；又因为can表推测不用于肯定句，故选A。请看类例：Theiranswersareexactlythesame—oneofthem______fromtheother.A.mustcopy B.musthavecopiedC.shouldcopy D.shouldhavecopied答案选B，既然两人的答案完全一样，说明“抄袭”已经发生，故用“情态动词+动词完成式”，根据句意，应选B而不能选D。6.You_____beright,butIdon’tthinkyouare.A.canB.couldC.mustD.should【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】从语境上看，C、D不宜选，在剩下的A和B中，许多同学想当然地选了A，认为整个句子为现在时态，所以选can，而不选过去式could，但是最佳答案却是B而不是A。按照英语语法，情态动词can用于推测表示可能性时，通常只用于否定句或疑问句中，而不用于肯定句中；但could用于表推测时，却不仅可用于否定句和疑问句，也可用于肯定句，且此时的could并不是can的过去式，与can也没有时间上的差别，只是could比can语气更委婉，所以答案选B。注：can在以下特殊情况下，也可用于肯定句。一是表示抽象的可能性，即从理论上或逻辑上分析是可能的，但是实际上未必会发生。如：Anyonecanmakemistakes.任何人都可能会犯错误。二是后接“be(get,seem,become)＋形容词”，表示“有时会”、“时常会”等。如：Myfathercanbeveryunreasonable.我父亲有时候很不讲道理。◆精编陷阱题训练◆1.“Ithoughtyouwouldn’tmind.”“Well,asamatteroffactIdon’t,butyou_____mefirst.”A.shouldask B.shouldhaveaskedC.mustask D.musthaveasked2.“Icalledyouyesterday.Awomananswered,butIdidn’trecognizehervoice.”“Oh,it_____myauntJean.”A.mustbe B.musthavebeenC.mightbe D.canhavebeen3.Thatcarnearlyhitme;I______.A.mightbekilled B.mighthavebeenkilledC.maybekilled D.maybeenkilled4.It’saverykindoffer,butIreally_____acceptit.A.mustn’t B.needn’tC.can’t D.don’t5.Thepolicestillhaven’tfoundher,butthey’redoingallthey_____.A.may B.canC.must D.will6.You_____practisethedrumswhilethebabyissleeping.A.needn’t B.mightn’tC.mustn’t D.won’t7.You_____himthenews;heknewitalready.A.needn’ttell B.needn’thavetoldC.mightn’ttell D.mightn’thavetold8.Asshe’snothere,Isupposeshe_____home.A.mustgo B.musthavegoneC.mightgo D.mightbegoing9.Areyoustillhere?You______homehoursago.A.shouldgo B.shouldhavegoneC.mightgo D.mayhavegone10.“Icalledyouyesterday.Awomananswered,butIdidn’trecognizehervoice.”“Oh,it_____myauntJean.”A.mustbe B.musthavebeenC.mightbe D.canhavebeen11.I_______havemethimalongtimeago.Bothhisnameandfaceareveryfamiliar.A.may B.canC.would D.should13. “Shallwegoshopping?”“Sorry,we_______buyanythingnowbecausenoneoftheshopsareopen.”A.mustn’t B.needn’tC.can’t D.shouldn’t14.Theyoftengototherestaurantsformeals.They_____beverypoor.A.mustn’t B.can’tC.maynot D.needn’t15.Ididn’tseeherinthemeetingroomthismorning.She______havespokenatthemeeting.A.mustn’t B.shouldn’tC.needn’t D.couldn’t17.He______thetestagain,inwhichcase,hismotherwillbeverydisappointed.A.mightfail B.musthavefailedC.shouldfail D.couldhavefailed18.“Whydidn’tshecometothemeetingyesterday?”“I’mnotsosure.She______ill.”A.shouldbe B.shouldhavebeenC.mustbe D.mighthavebeen19.Whydidyoujustsitandwatch?You_______me.A.couldhelp B.shouldhelpC.couldhavehelped D.musthavehelped20.“You______yourteacherforhelp.Heiskind-hearted.”“Yes.Awholeday_______.”A.canask,willwasteB.musthaveasked,hadwastedC.couldhaveasked,waswastedD.shouldn’thaveasked,wouldbewasted21.“IsthereaflighttoLondonthisevening?”“There_______be.I’llphonetheairportandfinditout.”A.must B.mightC.would D.can22.“Showmeyourpermit,please.”“Oh,it’snotinmypocket.It______.”A.mightfallout B.couldfalloutC.shouldhavefallenout D.musthavefallenout23.“Lookatthesetracks.It_______beawolf.”“Don’tbesosure.Ithinkit_______beafox.”A.must;could B.may;mightC.need;must D.could;need25.“DidJimcome?”“Idon’tknow.He_______whileIwasout.”A.mighthavecome B.mightcomeC.mushhavecome D.shouldhavecome【答案与解析】1.选B，should后接动词完成式表示“本来应该做某事，结果未做”，此处含有责备之意。2.选B，对过去情况的肯定推测，宜用“情态动词+动词完成式”，再根据句意，可确定答案为B。注：can表示推测通常不用于肯定陈述句。3.选B，表示过去可能发生而实际上未发生的事，用might+动词完成式。若只是推测过去可能已经发生的事，则可用

may[might]+动词完成式，如Hemay[might]havegone.他可能已经走了。4.选C。由句意可知。5.选B，doallonecan意为“尽力”或“竭尽全力”。6.选C，mustn’t在此相当于can’t，且语气更强。7.选B，“needn’t+动词完成式”的意思是：本来不必做某事，但实际上做了。上句意思是“你本来不必告诉他这个消息的，因为他(当时)已经知道了”。注意，句中knew为过去式。8.选B，must后接动词完成式表示对过去情况的肯定推测，意为“一定已经做了某事”。9.选B，should后接动词完成式表示“本来应该做某事，结果未做”。10.选B，对过去情况的肯定推测，宜用“情态动词+动词完成式”，再根据句意，可确定答案为B。注：can表示推测通常不用于肯定句。12.选A。mayhavedonesth表示对过去可能发生的事进行推测，意为“可能曾经”。13.选C。根据上下文的语境推知。can’t意为“不能”。14.选B。根据上下文的语境推知。can’t表推测，意为“不不能”。16.选D。couldn’thavedonesth表示对过去情况进行推测，意为“过去不可能发生过某情况”。17.选A。根据下文的willbe可知，“他考试再不及格”是将来的事，据此可排除B和D。再根据语意，排除C。18.选D。从时间上看，由于是昨天没来开会，所以推测他生病也应指昨天，故排除A和C。从语境上看，既然上文说I’mnotsosure，那么说明说话者对自己的推测没有很大把握，故选D。19.选C。根据上文的过去时态可知，此句谈的是过去的事，故排除A和C。根据语境排除D。20.选C。couldn’thavedonesth结构在此表示责备，指过去本来可以做某事但实际上未做。第二空填waswasted，陈述的是过去的一事实。21.选B。根据下文的I’llphonetheairportandfinditout可知，说话人对自己的推测没有很大把握，故选might。若选A，语气太强，不合语境；若选D，不合语法习惯，因为can表推测通常不用于肯定陈述句中。22.选D。既然“通行证现在不在口袋里”，那么它“掉出去”应发生在过去，故排除A和B。比较选项C和D所表示的意思，选D更恰当。24.选A。根据Don’tbesosure可知前面一空应填must。第二空填的could表示推测，虽为过去式形式，但表示现在意义，语气较委婉，它与表推测的can主要用于否定句和疑问句不同，它可以用于肯定陈述句。25.选A。根据句中有关时态可知“他来”发生在过去，故排除B；根据Idon’tknow可知选项C语气太肯定，不合适；选项D的意思是“本来应该来”，与语境不合。非谓语动词考点◆典型陷阱题分析◆1.Everyoneinourclasswasworkinghardanddoingwhatwecould_______agoodcollege.A.enter B.toenterC.entering D.entered【陷阱】容易误选A。有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词could就断定此处应填动词原形enter。【分析】其实正确答案应是B。此句为省略句，即在could后省略了动词do，若把句子补完整应为Everyoneinourclasswasworkinghardanddoingwhatwecoulddotoenteragoodcollege。即句中的不定式短语(toenteragoodcollege)是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could)一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句：(1)Theydidwhattheycouldtocomforther.他们尽量安慰她。(2)Theydideverythingtheycouldtosaveherlife.他们尽一切力量拯救她的性命。(3)Hestudiesashardashecouldtocatchupwithhisclassmates.他拼命学习以便赶上他的同学。值得指出的是，这也并不是说今后只要遇到类似结构的题就一定选带to不定式。请看以下试题：(4)Heranasfastashecould_____tocatchtheearlybus.A.tohope B.hopeC.hoping D.hoped此题的答案是C不是A，其中的现在分词短语hopingtocatchtheearlybus用作伴随状语。(5)Hespenteveryminutehecould_____spokenEnglish.A.practise B.topractiseC.practising D.practised此题答案选C，这与前面动词spent的搭配有关，即spend…(in)doingsth。若将此句补充完整，即为HespenteveryminutehecouldspendinpractisingspokenEnglish.(6)Beforegoingabroadhedevotedallhecould____D____hisoralEnglish.A.improve B.toimproveC.improving D.toimproving此题答案选D，注意两点：一是devote…to…是固定搭配，意为“把……贡献给……”；二是其中的to是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时要用动名词。2.Heknowsnothingaboutit,sohecan’thelp_______anyofyourwork.A.doing B.todoC.beingdoing D.tobedone【陷阱】容易误选B，根据can’thelpdoingsth这一结构推出。【分析】其实答案应选A。比较以下结构：can’thelptodosth=不能帮助做某事can’thelpdoingsth=禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事又如下面一题，答案也是B：Shecan’thelp____thehousebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.Acleaning B.tocleanC.cleaned D.beingcleaned再请看以下试题：Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp_____intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.A.topersuade B.persuadingC.beingpersuaded D.bepersuaded此题应选C，句中的can’thelp意为“禁不住”（注意根据句意用被动形式）。3.Allhertime_______experiments,shehasnotimeforfilms.A.devotedtodo B.devotedtodoingC.devotingtodoing D.isdevotedtodoing【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】此题最佳答案为B。现分析如下：(1)devote意为“致力于，献身于”，主要用devote…to…或bedevotedto，其中的to是介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不用不定式。(2)选A错误：若将do改为doing则可以。(3)选B正确：allhertimedevotedtodoingexperiments为独立主格结构，用作状语。(4)选C错误：因为allhertime与devote为被动关系，故应将devoting改为devoted。(5)选D错误：若单独看Allhertimeisdevotedtodoingexperiments，此句并没有错，但问题是逗号前后两个简单句没有必要的连接方式，所以从整体上看仍不对，假若在后一句的句首加上and或so，则可选D，或将D将中的is改为being也可选它。请做以下类似题（答案均选A）：(1)Allthepreparationsfortheproject______,we’rereadytostart.A.completed B.havebeencompletedC.hadbeencompleted D.beencompleted(2)Such_______thecase,Icouldn’thelpbut______him.A.being,support B.was,supportC.hasbeen,supporting D.is,tosupport比较以下各题，答案选B，因为句中使用了并列连词and：(1)Allthepreparationsfortheproject______,andwe’rereadytostart.A.completed B.havebeencompletedC.hadbeencompleted D.beencompleted(2)Such_______thecase,Icouldn’thelpbut______him.A.being,support B.was,supportC.hasbeen,supporting D.is,tosupport4.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,______itmoredifficult.A.notmake B.nottomakeC.notmaking D.donotmake【陷阱】容易误选C，受题干中的逗号的影响，认为是现在分词表结果的用法。【分析】其实答案应选B，句中的逗号相当于连词and或but，nottomakeitmoredifficult是对逗号前的不定式tomakelifeeasier的补充说明。此句的意思是“新技术的目的是为了使生活变得更容易，而不是使生活变得更困难”。两个不定式同时用以说明句子主语purpose的内容。请做以下类似试题（答案选B）：Thepurposeoftheschemeisnottohelptheemployersbut_____workforyoungpeople.A.provide B.toprovideC.providing D.provided5.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands______behindhisback.A.tobetied B.beingtiedC.tied D.havingtied【陷阱】容易误选B。【分析】最佳答案为C。从意义上看，hands与tie的关系应属被动关系，故排除D。在A、B、C三个选项中，选项A比较容易排除，因为不定式表示将来意义，在此与语境不符。现将B和C作一比较：B为现在分词的被动式，它表示两层意义，一是表被动，二是表进行，也就是说hishandsbeingtied的实际意思是“他的手正在被捆住”，这显然与语境不符。而C为过去分词，它也表示两层意义，一是表被动，二是表示动词的完成或完成后的状态，此句中的withhishandstiedbehindhisback可视为手被捆在背后的一种状态。由此可知最佳答案为C。请看下面一题：Anyone______tryingtotakeknivesonheardflightswouldbecaughtbythepolice.A.finds B.foundC.beingfound D.willfind答案选B而不选C，其中的过去分词表示被动和完成。比较下面两题，最佳答案是D不是A，现在分词的被动式表示被动和进行：(1)Thecourthearsabout120casesayear;visitorsarewelcometoseeacase______.A.argued B.tobearguedC.tobearguing D.beingargued(2)Thesilenceofthelibrarywassometimesbrokenbyanoccasionalcoughorbythesoundofpages_______.A.turned B.havingturnedC.tobeturned D.beingturned6.Remindme_______themedicinetomorrow.A.oftaking B.takingC.totake D.take【陷阱】容易误选A。受remindsbof(doing)sth这一常用结构的影响。【分析】最佳答案为C。比较以下三个结构：remindsbof[about]sth=使某人想起某事remindsbofdoingsth=提醒某人做过某事（暗示动作已发生）remindsbtodosth=提醒某人去做某事（暗示动作尚未发生）请看两个例句：Iremindedhimofhispromise.我提醒他做过的诺言。Mywiferemindedmeofseeingthatfilm.我妻子提醒我曾经看过那部电影。Canyouremindmetophonehertomorrow?你明天能否提醒我给她打电话?7.Onceyourbusinessbecomesinternational,_____constantlywillbepartofyourlife.A.youfly B.yourflightC.flight D.flying【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】最佳答案为D。由于空格后出现了constantly这一副词，这就说明不能选B或C，因为B、C均为名词，不能受副词constantly的修饰。A和D均是可能的，因为其中有动词fly。但若选A，youfly是一个主谓结构，与其后的谓语willbe相冲突，所以只能选D，即动名词flying在此用作主语。8.Notonlyshouldyougetused______underdifficultconditionsbutyoualsoyoupaymoreattention______yourworkwell.A.towork,todoB.toworking,todoingC.towork,todoingD.toworking,todo【陷阱】容易误选A，认为两个空白处均应填不定式。【分析】正确答案为B，因为getusedto与payattentionto这两个结构中的to均为介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不能动词原形。类似地，以下各结构中的to也是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时也应用动名词，而不是动词原形：lookforwardtodoingsth盼望做某事beopposedtodoingsth反对做某事objecttodoingsth反对做某事sticktodoingsth坚持做某事getdowntodoingsth开始做某事taketodoingsth喜欢上做某事admittodoing承认做了某事payattentiontodoingsth注意做某事devoteone’stimetodoingsth把某人的时间用于(奉献于)做某事beequaltodoingsth等于做某事，能胜任做某事Whatdoyousaytodoingsth你认为做某事怎么样9.Bothofmyparentsinsisted_______acomputerforme,butIdon’tthinkitisnecessary.A.tobuy B.buyingC.onbuying D.inbuying【陷阱】容易误选B，误认为insist后不能接不定式，但可以接动名词。【分析】答案应选C。其实，动词insist后既不能接不定式也不能接动名词，因为insist通常用作不及物动词；若语义上需接宾语，要借助介词on或upon，即用于insiston[upon](doing)sth；但它有时的确也可用作及物动词，不过其宾语通常只能是that从句，而不能是普通的名词、代词或动名词。如：Heinsistedonseeingherhome.他坚持送她回家。Iinsistedthathe(should)stay.我坚持要他留下。10.“Doyouhaveanythingmore______,sir?”“No.Youcanhavearestordosomethingelse.”A.typing B.tobetypedC.typed D.totype【陷阱】容易误选D，根据havesthtodo这一常用结构推出。【分析】最佳答案是B。确实，在“have+宾语+不定式”结构中，用作定语的不定式通常用主动式表示被动含义，如Ihavesomeclothestowash等，即尽管其中的someclothes与其后的不定式towash具有被动关系，但却习惯上用主动式表示被动意义。但值得指出的是，这类句型的主语与其后的不定式具有主动关系，如Ihavesomeclothestowash中的towash就是由该句主语I来完成的。而上面一题的情形有所不同，即其中的totype这一动作不是由句子主语you来完成的，而是由说话者“我”来完成的。比较：AreyougoingtoShanghai?Doyouhaveanythingtotaketoyourson?你要去上海吗？你有什么东西要带给你儿子吗？I’mgoingtoShanghainextweek.Ihavealotofthingstotakewithme.下个星期我要去上海，我随身要带很多东西去。11.Shetookherson,ranoutofthehouse,_____himinthecaranddrovequicklytothenearestdoctor’soffice.A.put B.toputC.putting D.havingput【陷阱】容易误选B或C，误认为这考查非谓语动词的用法。【分析】正确答案选A。句中的took,ran,put,drove为四并列的谓语动词，其时态应一致。类似地如(答案选A)：Igotoutofthetaxi,_____thefareanddashedintothestation.A.paid B.payingC.topay D.havingpaid但是，下面一题稍有不同：Hearingthenews,herushedout,______thebook______onthetableanddisappearedintothedistance.A.left;lainopen B.leaving;lyingopenC.leaving;lieopened D.left;layopened此题答案选B，leaving在此表结果，lyingopen与其前的动词leave有关，leave后接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示使某人或某物处于做某事的状态中。12.Thebossinsistedthateveryminute______madefulluseof______theworkwell.A.be,todo B.was,doingC.be,doing D.was,todo【陷阱】容易误选B。【分析】其实正确答案是A。分析如下：(1)第一空填be，是因为insisted后接that从句，从句谓语要用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should也可省略。(2)第二空要填todo，是因为此句谓语为被动语态，假若将此句转换成主动语态，则是…shouldmakefulluseofeveryminutetodotheworkwell,句中涉及makeuseof…todosth(利用……做某事)这一结构。另外，还有makethemostof(尽量利用)，makethebestof(尽量利用)等短语也可能用于此类试题。请看以下类似例子：(1)Theoldprofessortolduseverypartofthematerialsshouldbemadeuseof______thepowerstation.A.tobuild B.buildingC.build D.built此题答案选A，不是B。为便于理解，可先考虑以下结构：…makeuseofeverypartofthematerialstobuildthepowerstation由此可见，makeuseof的宾语是everypartofthematerials，其后的不定式tobuildthepowerstation为目的状语。(2)Doesthewayyouthoughtof_______thewatercleanmakeanysense?A.making B.tomakeC.howtomake D.havingmade此题答案选B，不是A。句子主语是theway，youthoughtof是修饰主语的定语从句，不定式tomakethewaterclean也是修饰主语的定语，也就是说，句子主语带有两个定语修饰语。13.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee______thenextyear.A.carriedout B.carryingoutC.carryout D.tocarryout【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】答案选A。此句结构较复杂，现分析如下：(1)thattheywouldliketosee_____thenextyear是修饰名词theplan的定语从句。(2)由于theplan与空格处的carryout有被动关系，故填过去分词carriedout。请做以下类似试题：(1)Whodoyouthinkyou’dlike_____withyou,aboyoragirl?A.tohavego B.tohavetogoC.tohavegone D.havingtogo在确定答案之前，我们先来看看下面这个句子：IthinkI’dliketohaveaboygowithme.句中的go要用原形，这是因为其前有表示使役的动词have。在此句中，假若对名词aboy提问，便可得出：Whodoyouthinkyou’dliketohavegowithyou?对照上面一题，答案很显然是A。(2)Whodidtheboss_____hiscarthistime?A.makewash B.maketowashC.makewashing D.makingtowash在做此题之前，也请先看看下面这个句子：ThebossmadeJackwashhiscarthistime.假若对句中的名词Jack提问，便可得出：Whodidthebossmakewashhiscarthistime?由此可知上面题答案为A。(3)YoucanneverimaginewhatgreatdifficultyIhad______yourhouseallbymyself.A.found B.findingC.tofind D.forfinding此题答案选B。考查的基本结构是havegreatdifficulty(in)doingsth。14.Howhappyweare!Theholidaywehavebeenlookingforward_______atlast.A.tohascome B.tohavecomeC.tohavingcome D.hascome【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】其实正确答案是A。大家知道，短语lookforwardto意为“盼望”，其中的to是介词，而不是不定式符号，所以后接动词要用动名词，许多同学据此便选择了C。但问题是，句中介词to的宾语不是havecome，而是theholiday。正解的句子分析是：theholiday为句子主语，wehavebeenlookingforwardto是修饰主语的定语从句(介词to的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词that，被省略)，hascome是句子谓语。请做以下类似试题：(1)Themanyoureferredto_____justnow.A.comes B.comeC.coming D.came答案选D，句子主语为theman，youreferredto为修饰theman的定语从句，空白处填came，为句子谓语。(2)Thetheoryhesticksto______tobeofnouseinourstudies.A.proves B.proveC.proving D.beproved答案选A，hesticksto是修饰主语thetheory的定语从句，句子的基本结构为Thetheoryprovestobeofnouseinourstudies.(3)Theworkhedevotedhistimeto_____worthpraising.A.was B.beC.being D.been答案选A，hedevotedhistimeto是修饰主语thework的定语从句。句子的基本结构为Theworkwasworthpraising.(4)Ithinkthisistheveryworkthatwemustfinish____her.A.tohelp B.helpC.helping D.helped答案是A。句中空格处填的动词help并不是finish的宾语，正确的句子分析是：thatImustfinish是修饰名词theverywork的定语从句，finish的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词that，其后的不定式tohelpher是目的状语。(5)Whichdoyouenjoy____yourweekend,swimmingorfishing?A.spending B.beingspentC.spend D.tospend答案选D。enjoy的宾语是句首的疑问词which，不是其后的动词spending。此题中的tospend…用作目的状语。(5)Whattheboyenjoys_____tohavearoomofhisown.A.being B.tobeC.is D.are答案选C，而不选A。whattheboyenjoys是主语从句，空格处填的is为谓语动词。(6)Nothingthathesuggested_____tobeofanyuse.A.proveB.provedC.provingD.toprove答案选B，而不选C。句子主语是nothing，thathesuggested是修饰主语的定语从句，suggested的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词that，而不是其后的动词；句子谓语是proved。全句意为“他建议的情况没有一条是有用的。”(7)Theoldhousewepaidavisit_____atthetopofthehill.A.standing B.tostandC.tostanding D.tostands答案选D。wepaidavisitto是修饰theoldhouse的定语从句，句中的stands为主句谓语。(8)Thelifeheisnowused_____quitedifferentfromours.A.is B.tobeC.tobeing D.tois答案选D。句中heisnowusedto是修饰thelife的定语从句，to后的动词is是句子的谓语，句意为“他现在习惯的这种生活与我们的生活很不相同”。(9)Theworkhepaidspecialattention_____tonothing.A.came B.tocomeC.tocoming D.tocame答案选D。句中的hepaidspecialattentionto是修饰thework的定语从句，to后的动词came是句子的谓语，句意为“他特别关注的那项工作泡汤了”。(10)Theresultwhathesaidwouldlead_____hisregretinthefuture.A.is B.tobeC.tobeing D.towas答案选D。句中whathesaidwouldleadto是修饰theresult的定语从句，to后的动词was是句子的谓语，句意为“他所说的话将导致的结果是他今后的后悔”。15._______theroadroundtotherightandyou’llfindhishouse.A.Follow B.FollowingC.Tofollow D.Followed【陷阱】容易误选B或C，误认为这是非谓语动词作状语。【分析】正确答案选A。根据句中的连词and可推知它是一个并列句。假若将此题改为下面这样，则答案为B：_______theroadroundtotheright,you’llfindhishouse.A.Follow B.FollowingC.Tofollow D.Followed但是，若改成下面一题这样，则答案为C(不定式短语表目的)：_______theroadroundtotheright,theblindmanaskedaboytoguidehim.A.Follow B.FollowingC.Tofollow D.Followed请做以下试题，答案均选A，都是因为句中的并列连词and（填空句为祈使句）：(1)_______tothetopofthehill,andyoucanseethewholeofthetown.A.Get B.TogetC.Getting D.Havinggot(2)______themilkandsetagoodexampletotheotherchildren.A.Drink B.TodrinkC.Drinking D.Havingdrinking(3)______me,andthentrytocopywhatIdo.A.Watch B.WatchingC.Towatch D.Havewatching(4)_____throughthisbookandtellmewhatyouthinkofit.A.Look B.LookingC.Tolook D.Havinglooked(5)_____itwithmeandI’llseewhatIcando.A.Leave B.LeavingC.Ifyouleave D.Whenleft有时不用连词连接句子，而用破折号，情况也是一样(答案均选A)。如：(6)_____downtheradio—thebaby’sasleepinthenextroom.A.Turn B.TurningC.toturn D.Tohaveturned(7)_____someofthisjuice—perhapsyouwilllikeit.A.Try B.TryingC.Totry D.Tohavetried以下各题也应选A，是因为句中的从属连词when,before,until等（填空句为祈使句）：(8)______himenoughtimetogethomebeforeyoutelephone.A.Give B.TogiveC.Giving D.Given(9)______leftwhenyougettotheendofthestreet.A.Keep B.KeepingC.Tokeep D.Kept(10)______yourhandoveryourmouthwhenyoucough.A.Put B.PuttingC.Toput D.Tobeputting(11)______untilthelightshaveturnedtogreen.A.Wait B.TowaitC.Waiting D.Havingwaited(12)______thepiecesofclothwithaloosestitchbeforefinallysewingthemtogether.A.Join B.TojoinC.Joining D.Joined以下各题也应选A，因为填空句为祈使句：(13)Idon’twanttolistenalongstory—just_____metheresult.A.tell B.tellingC.totell D.tobetelling(14)Whystandtherewatching—_____andhelpus!A.come B.comingC.tocome D.tobecoming(15)Don’twasteyourmoneyonsillythings—______it.A.save B.tosaveC.saving D.havingsaved(16)First______thericebywashingit,then______itinboilingwater.A.prepare,cook B.preparing,cookingC.preparing,cook D.prepare,cooking(17)Totesteggs,_____theminabowlofwater:iftheyfloatthey’rebad,iftheysinkthey’regood.A.put B.puttingC.toput D.tobeputting但是请注意，类似下面这样的题目情形有所不同，所填部分为目的状语（用不定式，即答案选B）：(18)______Frenchwell,shewenttoFrancetolivewithhiscousins.A.Study B.TostudyC.Studying D.Havingstudied(19)_____lateinthemorning,Mr.Smithturnedoffthealarm.A.Sleep B.TosleepC.Sleeping D.Havingslept(20)______thefliesout,wehadtoshutallthedoorsandwindows.A.Keep B.TokeepC.Keeping D.Havingkept(21)______theirservice,theworkersofthehotelareactiveinlearningEnglish.A.Improving B.ToimproveC.Improve D.Havingimproved◆精编陷阱题训练◆1.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman______hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.put B.tobeputtingC.toput D.putting2.Whenyou’relearningtodrive,_______agoodteachermakesabigdifference.A.have B.havingC.andhave D.andhaving3.Ifeltitagreathonour______tospeaktoyou.A.toask B.askingC.tobeasked D.havingasked4.Iwouldlove_______tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togo B.tohavegoneC.going D.havinggone5.Beforeyoudecidetoleaveyourjob,_______theeffectitwillhaveonyourfamily.A.consider B.consideringC.toconsider D.considered6.Robertissaid_______abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.A.tohavestudied B.tostudyC.tobestudying D.tohavebeenstudying7.ItissaidthatinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows_______.A.itwhattodowith B.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithit D.todowhatwithit8.Anyone_______bags,boxes,orwhatever,wasstoppedbythepolice.A.seencarry B.seencarryingC.sawtocarry D.sawcarrying9.MrReedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto_______someschoolsforpoorchildren.A.setup B.settingupC.havesetup D.havingsetup10.Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto_______.A.thethiefhavingcaught B.catchthethiefC.thethiefbeingcaught D.thethieftobecaught11.Shelooksforwardeveryspringto_______theflower-linedgarden.A.visit B.payingavisitC.walkin D.walkingin12.Totesteggs,_______theminabowlofwater:iftheyfloatthey’rebad,iftheysinkthey’regood.A.put B.puttingC.toput D.tobeputting13.“WhereisDavid?”“Heisupstairs______readytogoout.”A.toget B.gettingC.tobegetting D.havinggot14.“Mum,whydoyoualwaysmakemeeataneggeveryday?”“________enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.”A.Get B.GettingC.Toget D.tobegetting15.Hewasreadinghisbook,completely_______totheworld.A.lost B.losingC.tolose D.tohavelost16.Welookedeverywhereforthekeys,buttheyarenowhere_______.A.tofind B.tohavefoundC.tobefound D.beingfound17.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_______.A.notto B.nottodoC.notdoit D.donotdo18.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_______inthekitchen.A.smoke B.smokingC.tosmoke D.smoked19.Findinghercarstolen,_______.A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelp B.theareawassearchingthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp20.“Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?”“Thekey______theproblemistomeetthedemand______bythecustomers.”A.tosolving,making B.tosolving,madeC.tosolve,making D.tosolve,made21.“WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?”“_______hernewbike.”A.Asshelost B.LostC.Losing D.Becauseoflosing22.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_______nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.begins B.havingbegunC.beginning D.begun23.Though________money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lacked B.lackingofC.lacking D.lackedin24.Tonywasveryunhappyfor_______totheparty.A.havingnotbeeninvited B.nothavinginvitedC.havingnotinvited D.nothavingbeeninvited25.ThoughIhaveoftenheardthissong_______.Ihaveneverheardyou_______it.A.beingsung,sang B.sang,singingC.sung,sing D.tobesung,tosing26.Heisamanoffewwords,andseldomspeaksuntil_______to.A.spoken B.speakingC.speak D.bespoken28.WhenIhandedthereporttoJohn,hesaidthatGeorgewastheperson_______.A.tosend B.forsendingitC.tosenditto D.forsendingitto29._______ontime,thismedicinewillbequiteeffective.A.Taking B.BeingtakenC.Taken D.Havingtaken30.Thefilmstarwalkedtohiscar,______acrowdofjournalists.A.followedby B.followingbyC.tofollow D.tobefollowedby31.Afterdescribingtheplannedimprovements,shewenton_______howmuchtheywouldcost.A.toexplain B.explainingC.tobeexplaining D.havingexplained32.Pleaseexcuseme_______yourletterbymistake.A.toopen B.tohaveopenedC.foropening D.inopening33.Pleaseremember_______theplantswhileI’maway.A.watering B.tobewateringC.towater D.beingwatering34.Certainly