2011年高考英语(人教版)要点梳理重点突破选修6Unit3Ahealthylife1

选修6Unit3Ahealthylife要点梳理高效梳理•知识备考•重点单词abusen.&vt.滥用；虐待stressn.压力；重音vt.加压力于；使紧张fstressfuladj.产生压力的；紧张的一stressedadj.焦虑不安的adolescentn.青少年adj.青春期的fadolescencen.青春期banvt.禁止；取缔n.禁令；谴责dueadj.欠款的；预定的；到期的addictedadj.入了迷的；上了瘾的faddictn.有瘾的人faddictionn沉溺；嗜好accustomvt.使习惯于一accustomedadj.惯常的；习惯了的automaticadj.无意识的；自动的f.automaticallyadv.无意识地；自动地mentaladj.精神的；智力的一mentallyadv.精神上；智力上quitvt.停止（做某事）；离开effectn.结果；效力strengthenvt.加强；巩固；使坚强vi.变强—strengthn.力气—strongadj.强壮的desperateadj.绝望的；拼命的disappointedadj.失望的；沮丧的一disappointingadj.令人失望的一disappointvt.使失望；使扫兴一disappointment口.失望ashamedadj.感到惭愧或羞耻的一shamen.羞愧一shamefuladj.可耻的一shamelessadj.无耻的厚颜的judgementn.看法；判决；判断一judgev.判断embarrassedadj.尴尬的；陷入困境的一embarrassv.（使）尴尬一embarrassment尴尬1awkwardadj.局促不定的；笨拙的•重点短语dueto由于……addictedto对有瘾accustomedto习惯于decideon对作出决定feellike(doing)想要(做)inspiteof不顾；不管takerisks(arisk)冒险getinto陷入；染上(坏习惯)atrisk处境危险；遭受危险haveaneffecton对有影响・重点句型1．Whydoyouthinksomeadolescentsstartsmoking?你认为有些青少年为什么会开始吸烟？2．Iknewitwastimetoquitsmoking.我知道该戒烟了。．IdohopesobecauseIwantyoutoliveaslongandhealthyalifeasIhave我真希望你能那样做，因为我盼着你也能像我一样长寿健康。Everytimeyoufeellikesmokingacigarette,remindyourselfthatyouareanonsmoker.每当你想要吸烟的时候你就提醒你自己；你（已经）是不吸烟的人了Itisnogoodcryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收ItisonlywhenthediseasehasprogressedtoAIDSthatapersonbeginstolooksick.只有当这种病毒发展成艾滋病时人才会显出病态•高考范文（2008•浙江）人们完成工作的方式通常有两种：独立完成与合作完成。两种方式各有特点。请你以WorkingIndividuallyorWorkinginaTeam为题，按照以下要点写一篇英语短文：1．独立完成：自行安排、自己解决问题2．合作完成：一起讨论、相互学习3．我喜欢的方式及理由注意：词数100〜120,文章的题目和开头已给出（不计入总词数）。WorkingIndividuallyorWorkinginaTeamTherearebasicallytwowaystogetworkdone.［范文］WorkingIndividuallyorWorkinginaTeamThere_are_basically_two_ways_to_get_work_done.Oneistoworkindividually.Inthisway,peoplecandecideforthemselveswhentostartworkandhowtodoit.What'smore,theywillbeabletolearnhowtosolveproblemsontheirown.Peoplemayalsochoosetoworkinateam,wheretheycanlearnfromeachotherandhelpeachother.Besides,theymayworkoutbetterwaystogetworkdonebydiscussion.Personally,Iprefertoworkinateam,whichoffersmeachancetolearnhowtogetalongwithothersandtosharemyexperienceswiththem.Astheworkcanbedividedamongseveralpeople,itcanbedoneefficiently.Teamworkisalwaysimportant.考点探究互动探究•能力备考I.词汇短语过关1abusevt.&n.滥用；虐待[即学即练1](1)Don′t不要滥用你的特权(2)Thefarmeroften这位农夫经常虐待他的妻子abuseyourprivilegeabusedhiswife(3)Youshouldn’t.你不应该过度使用你的眼睛(4)Idon’tunderstandwhyIshouldputupwiththiskindof.我不明白我为什么要忍受她这样辱骂我abuseyoureyesabusefromherstressn.重压，压力；逼迫，重音；重点；着重；强调vt.着重；强调stressfuladj.紧张的，压力重的stressedadj.焦虑的，紧张的，无法放松的astressfuljob/situation/lifestyle繁重的工作/艰难的处境/紧张的生活方式stressthat.../sth.强调……inthestressofthemoment一时紧张timeofstress危难之际非常时期lay/place/putstresson...把重点放在……上underthestressof...为……所迫[即学即练2](1)andrhythmareimportantinspeakingEnglish.说英语时重音和节奏都很重要(2)Wemustselfreliance.我们必须强调自力更生Stresslaystresson(3)TheEnglishcurriculumshouldbothcompositionandreading.英语课程对写作和阅读应同样重视(4)Worryingoverhisjobandhiswife‘shealthhim.忧虑自己的工作及妻子的健康问题使他处于极大的压力之下stressputunderagreatstressdueadj.预期发生的，预期到达的，应付的，到期的beduetodosth.预期做某事beduetosth./doingsth./sb.归因于某事/归因于做某事/欠某人……bedueforsth.应有；应得到[即学即练3](1)One‘ssuccesslargelyhisefforts.一个人的成功在很大程度上是由于他的努力⑵ThebookbepublishedinOctober.这本书预定十月出版(3)Havetheybeenpaidthemoney？他们是否已得到了应得的钱？isduetoisduetoduetothem提示：(1)due当“预定的；预期的”讲时，构成bedueto短语，其中to为不定式符号，后接动词原形。(2)due当“应得的；应付的”讲时，构成beduetosb.短语，其中to为介词，后接名词或动名词。(3)dueto当“因为；由于”讲时，to为介词，与其意义相同的短语为:becauseof因为owingto由于，因为onaccountof由于……asaresultof由于……thanksto多亏，幸亏asaconsequenceof由于……Owingtohispoorhealth,hisvisittoJapanwasputoff.好Hewassenttoanursinghomeonaccountofage.Thankstoagoodteacher,hepassedthetest.accustomvt.使习惯于，使适应accustomedadj.通常的，习惯的beaccustomed(used)to(doing)sth.习惯于(表状态)become/getaccustomed(=used)to(doing)sth.习惯于(表动作)accustomoneself/sb.to(doing)sth.使自己/某人习惯于……[即学即练4](1)Paintingbarnsredisanpractice.仓房刷成红色是一种习俗(2)Hehasthewaytheteachergiveslectures.他已经习惯了那个老师的讲课方式(3)Youmustthenewenvironment.你必须使自己适应新环境accustomedbecomeaccustomedtoaccustomyourselftoquitvt.&vi.停止（做某事）；离开；戒掉adj.摆脱（难题等）的quitdoingsth.放弃干某事停止干某事quitoffice/school离职/退学bequitofsb./sth.摆脱……[即学即练5](1)I我几年前就戒酒了(2)1madeupmymind(3)Hewasgladto能摆脱那个麻烦的工作quitdrinkingtoquitbequitofeffectn.结果；效力yearsago.我已决定辞职了thetroublesomejob.他很高兴effectiveadj.有效的；醒目的haveaneffecton影响put/oeffect实施实行使生效comeintoeffect/takeeffect(法律规则或制度)生效；实施ineffect实际上[即学即练6](1)Inflationistheeconomy.通货膨胀正在给经济带来灾难性的影响(2)Itwon’tbeeasytothechanges.把这些变化落到实处不是件容易的事(3)ThenewtaxratesfromApril.新的税率从四月起生效havingadisastrouseffectonputintoeffectcomeintoeffectashamedadj.感到惭愧羞耻的（表语形容词）shamen.羞耻；惭愧；遗憾的事shamefuladj.可耻的，不体面的beashamedof(doing)sth.因(做了)某事而感到羞愧beashamedtodosth.耻于的；因难为情而不愿做某事feelashamedforsb.替某人感到羞愧……beashamedthat...感到羞愧的是……[即学即练7](1)Sheintheexamination.她因考试不及格而感到羞愧(2)Sheanyonethatshehadfalleninlovewithhim.她羞于告诉任何人自己爱上了他(3)Hehisshamefulconduct.他为自己可耻的行为感到羞愧wasashamedofhavingfailedwasashamedtotellisashamedofinspiteof尽管，虽然，不管，不顾inspiteof+n.=despite(prep.)+n.=regardlessof+n.inspiteofthefactthat...(同位语从句)=(al)though+从句[即学即练8](1)Wewentouttherain.尽管下着雨我们还是出去了(2)Kellylovedherhusbandthefactthathedranktoomuch.虽然丈夫喝酒很凶但凯莉仍然爱着他inspiteofinspiteoftakerisks/arisk冒险

run(take)arisk/risks冒险run(take)theriskofdoingsth.冒着……的风险/危险atrisk(=indanger)处于危险中attheriskofdoingsth.可能导致(不快等)冒……危险atallrisks无论冒……危险riskone'shealth/life以健康做赌注/冒着生命危险riskdoing冒险做……intrustinghim.hislife.他[即学即练intrustinghim.hislife.他信任他无异于冒险(2)Hedecidedtogetthereeven决定去那里即使有生命危险(3)Theyeverything.他们冒着失去一切的风险takingabigriskattheriskofriskedlosing(4)Anymanwhosmokescigarettesis.吸烟的人是拿健康去冒险riskinghishealth感兴趣getinto陷入；染上(习惯)；开始对感兴趣getintotrouble陷入麻烦getintothehabitof...染上……的习惯getintopanic陷入恐慌get(sth.)across(tosb.)(使某事为人)理解getalong/onwith进展；相处geaway(from)脱离……getback回来；返回getaround/about四处走动getover克服；解决；控制getthrough接通；完成[即学即练10](l)Howdidyou你是怎么染上毒品的？(2)1haven'treally正熟悉我的新工作(3)1我与一位意大利学生谈了起来getintodrugsyet.我还未真withanItalianstudent.gotintomynewjobgotintoconversation.重点句型详解1Whydo_you_thinksomeadolescentsstartsmoking?你认为有些青少年为什么会开始吸烟？doyouthink在句中做插入语这种句式也可叫做双重疑问句其构成有两种情况：(1)做主语的疑问词＋doyouthink/suppose/believe/imagine/say/suggest＋谓语部分？(2)非主语的疑问词＋doyouthink/suppose/believe/imagine/say/suggest＋主语＋谓语部分？①WhichfilmdoyouthinkwillwintheGoldenLionofthe66thVeniceInternationalFilmFestiva？l你认为哪一部电影会赢得66届威尼斯国际电影节金狮奖？②Whendoyousuggestweholdameetingtotalkabouttheproblem?你建议我们什么时候举行会议谈论这个问题？③Whodoyousupposeweshallasktoattendourparty?你想我们会邀请谁来参加我们的宴会？④Whydoyouthinkshedidn'tagreewithoursuggestions?你认为她为什么不同意我们的主意？提示：(1)如果插入语是doyousuggest时，句中的谓语要用should+do或省略shouldo(2)doyouknow不能作为插入语。如：Doyouknowwhichteamwillwin?你认为哪个队会赢呢?[即境活用1]—Ihaven'theardfromJohnforalongtime.—Whatdoyousupposetohim?AwashappeningB．tohappenChashappenedD．hadhappened解析：句中doyousuppose是插入语，句子主干为Whathashappenedtohim?答案：C2Iknewit_was_time_toquitsmoking.我知道我该戒烟了。It'stimetodo...到了干……的时间了It'stimeforsth.到了……的时间了It'stime(forsb.)todosth.到了某人干……的时间了的时间了It's(high/about)time＋that从句到了某人干的时间了It/Thisisthefirst/second...timethat...这是第一/二……次It'stimeforlunch/tohavelunch.到吃午饭的时间了It’stimethatthekidswere/shouldbeinbed.到了孩子们睡觉的时间了ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavebeentotheGreatWall.这是我第一次参观长城提示：“It‘s(high/about)time+that从句”中，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时或“should+动词原形”，且should不能省略。“It/Thisisthefirst/second...time+that从句”中，从句的谓语动词要用

完成时态，当句型为Itisthefirsttimethat时，从句谓语动词用现在完成时，当句型为Itwasthefirsttimethat时，从句谓语动词用过去完成时态。[即境活用2]Itishightimethatweaction.Otherwisewelate.Atake;willbeB．take;areCtook;willbeDCtook;willbeD．took;wouldbe解析：本题考查虚拟语气。Itishightimethat...结构中从句常用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用一般过去时或“should+动词原形”。另外，otherwise代替了if虚拟条件句，根据句意，其后的句子应用表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。答案：D易错点拨自我完善•误区备考1.effect/affect(1)effect作“影响”讲是名词；用做动词意为“产生引起”(produce)(2)affect作“影响”讲是及物动词(=haveaneffecton)[应用1](1)Theamountofrainthegrowthofcrops.雨量影响作物的生长(2)Thewarchangesallovertheworld.战争使世界各地发生了变化affectseffected2.inspiteof/despite/although/though(1)inspiteof与despite同义inspiteof为普通用语dispite多用于书面语言despite不与of连用(2)although/though也是“尽管；不管；不顾”的意思但用做从属连词后面接让步状语从句inspiteof/despite+n.=although+从句[应用2](1)Wewentoutitwasraining.(2)Wewentouttherain.尽管在下雨我们还是出去了althoughdespite高效作业自我测评•技能备考I.单词拼写Inourcity,theshopswerenotallowedtosellctostudents.Therearenolengthstowhichanapersonwillnotgotoobtainhisdrug.I'matosayIhaven'tbeentochurchforthreeyears.Hisincreasingfinancialdifficultiesforcedhimtotakedmeasures.cigarettesaddictedashameddesperateNowadaysmanysupermarketdoorscanshuta.You’veputmeinan（令人尴尬的）position.Youwillsoonget（习惯）totheclimatehere.Hegothispresentjobwhenhe（离开）thearmy.Theroadlooksbeautifulcoveredbygoldenpine（松针）．Herpositioninthepartyhas（加强）inrecentweeks.automaticallyawkwardaccustomedquittedneedlesstrengthened.单项选择－David,it’sFrank.Doyouhaveafewminutes?Ineedtoseeyou.－.ButIhope“afewminutes”don’tturnintoanhour.AI’mafraidnotB．Itdoesn’tmatterCIdon’tthinksoD．Iguessso答案：D解析：Iguessso表示答应。Doctorsaredoingresearchtofindoutwhathappensphysicallywhenpeoplesmoking.AquitB．declineCdepartD．reserve答案：A解析：句意为“医生们正在研究，目的是找出当人停止抽烟时身体将发生什么变化"。quit在这里作“停止”讲；decline”下降，减少”；depart"出发，动身，离开“；reserve保留，储存。Shefeltofdoingthatandtearsrandownhercheeks.D．shamefulAshameBD．shamefulCsorry答案：B解析：句意为：她为做了那事而感到羞愧WhenIwasveryyoungIwasterriblyfrightenedofschool,butIsoonit.AgotoffB．gotawayCgotacrossD．gotover答案：D解析：句意为“我小的时候害怕上学，但是不久就克服了“。getover克服；getoff下车；getaway摆脱；getacross（使为人）理解。（2010•陕西西安质检）InXi'an,althoughthereisagoodpublictransportsystem,privatecarisstillbecomingpopularmeansoftransportation.A/;theB．the;aCthe;theD．a;/答案：B解析：考查冠词。第一空，定冠词用在单数名词前面表示类别，即“私家车”；第二空用不定冠词，泛指“一种受欢迎的交通方式”。Hearingthatmostofthemembersvotedagainsther,sheasmile.AworeB．managedCperformedD．controlled答案：B解析：wearasmile表示“脸上挂着微笑”，perform,control均不合题意。manageasmile表示“勉强挤出一丝微笑”。tocomputergames,theboyhaslostallinterestinhislessons.AAddictedB．HavingaddictedCAddictingD．Addict答案：A解析：beaddictedt“沉迷于……”句中过去分词短语做状语。Accustomedtointhecountryside,hefoundithardtoliveicity.AlivingB．liveDD．havelivedChavinglived答案：A解析：beaccustomedtodoingsth.=beusedtodoingsth.习惯于Sinceourcountryhassomanygoodtabletennisplayers,wehavetothebestonestotakepartinthegame.ArelyonB．dependonCjudgeonD．decideon答案：D解析：decideon相当于determineon”对作出决定"。relyon=dependon“依赖，依靠”，无judgeon短语。Cooperationorteamwork,theimportanceofwhichisoftenplaysanimportantpartinfootballmatches.AstressedB．thinkofCpaidmuchattentionD．talked答案：A解析：stresstheimportanceof...意为“强调的重要性”，只不过题中用其被动结构而已。C、D项分别缺prep.to,about,B项为be动词直接与动词原形连用之误。Hegotwellpreparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn'triskthegoodopportunity.AtoloseB．losingCtobelostD．beinglost答案：B解析：riskdoingsth.“冒险做某事”。该句意为：他为面试作好了充分准备，因为他不能冒失去好机会的危险。Thegreatsuccessofthisprogramhasbeenlargelythesupportgivenbythe10localbusinessmen.AinsteadofB．thankstoCduetoD．asaconsequence答案：C解析：thanksto一般单独引导状语，只有dueto可与be连用表示“由于”。hasrecentlybeendonetoprovidemoreEnglishbooksforthestudents,ashortageofreadingmaterialsremainsaseriousproblem.AWhatB．ThoughwhatCInspiteofwhatD．That答案：C解析：inspiteof意为“尽管”。句意：尽管我们最近所做的就是给学生们提供更多的英语书，但是阅读材料的缺乏还是一个严重问题。—ThisisthefirsttimeIpictureswithmyowncamera.—It'stimethatyouapictureofme.Atook;tookB．havetaken;tookCtook;willtakeD．willtake;havetaken

答案：B解析：考查Thisisthefirsttime...和It‘stime...句式。15（2010•河南省实验中学）__surprisesusmostisthatshedoesn'tevenknowthedifferencebetweenthetwolies.AWhat;whereB．All;whichCWhat;thatDCWhat;thatD．That;where答案：A解析：考查名词性从句。语意：让我们最吃惊的是她竟然不知道两者的区别在哪儿。“Whatsurprisesusmost”是主语从句，what在从句中作主语；“wherethedifferencebetweenthetwolies”是宾语从句，where表示的是抽象地点。in.阅读理解AHecouldhavebeenpresidentofIsraelorplayedtheviolinatCarnegieHall,buthewastoobusythinking—thinkingonGod,loveandthemeaningoflife.Fiftyyearsafterhisdeath,hisshock（蓬乱）ofwhitehairandhangingmoustachestillsymbolizegenius.Einsteinremainstheleadingscientistofthemoderntime.Lookingback2400years,onlyNewton,GalileoandAristotlewerehisequals.Aroundtheworld,universitiesandacademiesarecelebratingthe100thanniversaryofEinstein's“miracleyear”whenhepublishedfivescientificpapersin1905thatbasicallychangedourgraspofspace,time,lightandmatter.Onlyhecouldtophimselfabouttenyearslaterwithhistheoryofrelativity.Bornintheageofhorsedrawncarriages,hisideaslaunchedatechnologicalrevolutionthathasmademorechangeinacenturythanintheprevioustwothousandyears.Computers,satellites,telecommunications,lasers,televisionsandnuclearpowerallowetheirinventiontowaysinwhichEinsteinexposedastrangerandmorecomplicatedrealityunder－neaththeworld.HeescapedHitler'sGermanyanddevotedtherestofhislifetohumanrightsandpeacewithanauthority（当局）unmatchedbyanyscientisttoday,orevenmostpoliticiansandreligiousleaders.Hespokeoutagainstfascismandracialprejudice.HisFBI（美国联邦调查局）fileran1400pages.Hislettersexposeadisorderlypersonallife—marriedtwiceandindifferenttowardhischildrenwhileabsorbedinphysics.Yethecharmedloversandadmirerswithpoetryandsailboatoutings.Friendsandneighborsfiercelyprotectedhisprivacy隐私）.ThefirstparagraphimpliesthatEinstein.AhadrunforpresidentbeforeheworkedathisresearchBhadthegiftforpoliticsandmusicCwasanexcellentviolinistDwasmoreapoliticalleaderoramusicianthanathinkerWhenyouthinkofEinstein,whattypicalappearancewasformedinyourmind?AFunningandhumorouswithanairofamusician.BWearingverywidetrousers,amoustache,withanimageofanactor.CRoughuntidymassofwhitehairandhangingmoustache,withanimageofathinker.DBlacklonghairandmoustache,withanairofapainter.Whywas1905calledEinstein's“miracleyear”？ABecausehetoppedhimselfwiththetheoryofrelativity.BBecausehemadeimportantdiscoveriesofspace,time,lightandmatter.CBecausehepublishedfivepapersonhistheoryofrelativity.DBecausehewrotefiveimportantarticlestohelppeoplebetterunderstandspace,time,lightandmatter.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutEinsteinaccordingtothepassage?AHewassobusywiththephysicalresearchthatheshowednointerestinpolitics.BHetriedtoamusehisadmirersandfriendsinhissparetime.CWhenhewasabsorbedinhisresearch,hedidn'tcareabouthisfamily.DHistheoryledtomuchimprovementinmanytechnologicalfields.BOncethe2008OlympicGamesfinishes,thedrumsandtrumpets（喇叭）ofthecompetitionswouldalsostop.Butwouldthecityremainaslivelyasitwouldbeafterthisworldevent?Investmentsustainabilityandhighdemandaretwohighlyinvaluableeconomicconcepts（概念）thatcanbelookedatinordertoensurepostOlympicsflourish,orperhaps,anevenbetterfutureforBeijingers.Naturally,aneconomicdownturnoccursinanOlympichostcityoncethemajoreventfinishes.RenminUniversityProfessorJinYuanpunotedthataglobaleventlikethiswouldputBeijingintoapositionoflargeimportanceintheinternationalstage.Butafterthisevent,whowouldusetheheavilyfundedequipmentandpublicandprivateinvestmentsleftinthecity?Variouseconomistsarguedthatameltdown（彻底垮台）ishighlyunlikely.JonathanAnderson,UBSAsiaeconomist,suggestedthatthenegativeeffectsoftheendofBeijingOlympics2008ontheentirecountryaren'timportantcomparedtoprevioushostcities.ChinaissuchahugeeconomythattheconclusionoftheOlympicGamesisthesameasanantbiteonadragon.ButwhataboutpostOlympicsBeijing?RetiredheadmasterofPekingUniversity,LiYining,notedthatalongtermcivildemandgrowthandapopulardesirebycompaniestoadoptcarefulfinancialmanagementdecisionscanleadtocontinuedinvestmentgrowth.Eventhoughdemandinsomedepartmentsoftheeconomywoulddropintheshortrun,creativity,practicalityandinnovation（仓ij新）wouldbethekeyfactorsthatwouldcontinuallyenhancethecit