3生态环保类高考真题阅读

第第页共15页byrecyclingbatteriesinsteadofthrowingthemaway.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytoleadtolessgroundwater？A.Usingriverwater. B.Throwingbatteriesaway.C.Pavingparkinglots. D.Throwingrubbishintolakes.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?Allwatershortagesareduetohumanbehavior.Ittakesalotofefforttomeetourwaterneeds.Thereismuchwecandotoreducefamilysize.TheaveragefamilyinAmericamakesproperuseofwater.Thelastparagraphisintendedto .A.showushowtofixleaksathomeThelastparagraphisintendedto .A.showushowtofixleaksathomeC.provewhatdrinkingglassisbestforusThetextismainlyabout .whypavingroadsreducesourwaterC.whydroughtsoccurmoreindryclimatesPassage102012北京，8分词数:369tellushowtorunadishwasherD.suggestwhatwedotosavewaterathomeB.howmuchwedependonwatertoliveD.howhumanactivityaffectsourwatersupply"Inwilderness（荒野）isthepreservationoftheworld."Thisisafamoussayingfromawriterregardedasoneofthefathersofenvironmentalism.Thefrequencywithwhichitisborrowedmirrorsaheateddebateonenvironmentalprotection:whethertoplacewildernessattheheartofwhatistobepreserved.AsJohnSauvenofGreenpeaceUKpointsout,thereisastrongappealinimagesofthewild,theuntouched;morethananythingelse,theyspeakofthenaturethatmanypeoplevaluemostdearly.Theurgetoleavethesubjectofsuchimagesuntouchedisstrong,andthedangerexploitation（开发）bringstosuchlandscapes（景观）isreal.Someofthesewildernessesalsoperformfunctionsthathumansneed —therainforests,forexample,storecarboninvastquantities.ToMr.Sauven,these"ecosystemservices"faroutweighthegainsfromexploitation.LeeLane,avisitingfellowattheHudsonInstitute,takestheopposingview.Heacknowledgesthatwildernessesdoprovideusefulservices,suchaswaterconservation.Butthatisnot,heargues,areasontoavoidallhumanpresence,orindeedcommercialandindustrialexploitation.ThereareevermorepeopleontheEarth,andtheyreasonablyandrightfullywanttohavebetterlives,ratherthanmerelystruggleforsurvival.Whilethewaysofusingresourceshaveimproved,thereisstillagrowingneedforrawmaterials,andsomewildernessescontaintheminabundance.Iftheycanbetappedwithoutreducingtheservicesthosewildernessesprovide,theargumentgoes,thereisnofurtherreasonnottodoso.Beinguntouchedisnot,initself,acharacteristicworthvaluingaboveallothers.Ilookforwardtoseeingtheseviewstakenfurther,andtotheirbeingchallengedbytheotherparticipants.Onechallengethatsuggestsitselftomeisthatbothcasesneedtotakeonthequestionofspiritualvaluealittlemoredirectly.Andthereisapracticalquestionastowhetherwildernessescanbeexploitedwithoutharm.Thisisatopicthatcallsfornotonlyfreeexpressionoffeelings,butalsotheguidanceofreason.Whatpositionwildernessshouldenjoyinthepreservationoftheworldobviouslydeservesmuchmoreseriousthinking.1.JohnSauvenholdsthat.manypeoplevaluenaturetoomuchexploitationofwildernessesisharmfulwildernessesprovidehumanswithnecessitiestheurgetodeveloptheecosystemservicesisstrong2.WhatisthemainideaofPara.3?A.Theexploitationisnecessaryforthepoorpeople.Wildernessescannotguaranteebetteruseofrawmaterials.Usefulservicesofwildernessesarenotthereasonfornoexploitation.Allthecharacteristicsconcerningtheexploitationshouldbetreatedequally..Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowar