汽车专业词汇

汽车词汇（1）轮椅升降机Wheelchairlift图例legend工位station吊运装置overheadhoist更衣室restroom1号厂房工艺布置方案图proposalofthePlantIlayout合笼mate底盘平移台chassisshuttle车辆转移台bustransfer前围角板frontwallanglecover后围侧板rearwallsidecover保险杠bumper三类底盘threetypechassis左侧围应力蒙皮R/Sstretchingskin(roadside)中涂floatingcoat拼装台collector切割轮口wheel-archcutting内饰trim线束harness返工re-doing轮罩护板wheelhouse发车前准备pre-delivery举升hoist小批量产品bepilot2套twokits配电站powertransformersubstation裙板skirt发动机托架engineholdingframe诊断报警系统diagnosisandalarmingsystem互换性interchangeability缩微图纸microfichefiles总装finalassembly磷化phosphating仪表板dashboard切齐trimming结构完整性structureintegrity自动愈合的防腐材料self-healingcorrosionpreventativematerial长途客车inter-citybus改装厂refittingfactory遮阳板sunvisor随车工具toolbox钢化玻璃toughenedgrass异形钢管specialsteelpipe全天候空调系统fullrangeA/C强制通风ram-airventilation停机时间downtime无公害柴油cleandiesel宽敞悬臂式座椅roomycantileveredseat防滑地板no-skidfloor织物纹里铝合金texturedaluminumextrution爬坡能力gradeability排水阀drainvalve除湿器moistureejector怠速时atidle琴式驱动桥banjotypedriveaxle通风口duct恒温控制thermostaticcontrol平衡水箱surgetank变光开关simmerswitch消音器muffler防破坏vandalresistant聚碳化透镜poly-carbonatelen镀锌板galvanizedplate搭接lap亮丽的外表smartapperance隐藏式固定concealedfastening水洼ponding发动机中置式客车buswithunderfloorengine组合式客车车身modularbusbody薄壳式结构shellconstruction衬垫pad空气导流板airdeflector搁梁shelfbeam腰梁waistrail梭梁stabilizingbeam腰带式安全带diagonalsafetybelt压条trimstrip嵌条insertionstrip翼板fender斜撑bracingpiece转向盘回正性试验testofsteeringwheelreturnability转向盘转角脉冲试验steeringwheelimpulseinputtest转向盘转角阶跃输入试验steeringwheelstepinputortransientstateyawresponsetest极限侧向加速度试验limitinglateralaccelerationtest汽车平顺性随机输入行驶试验automobileriderandominputrunningtest汽车平顺性单脉冲输入行驶试验automobileridesinglepulseinputrunningtest汽车悬挂系统固有频率与阻尼比的测定试验measurementofnaturalfrequencyanddampingraitoofsuspension功率突然变化影响试验testofeffectofsuddenpowerchange收油门后控制试验testofcontrolatbreakway横风稳定性试验testofcrosswindstability反冲试验kick-backtest轮胎爆破响应时间试验testofburstresponseoftyre绕过障碍物试验obstacleavoidancetest移线试验lanechangetestJ型转弯试验testofJturn频率响应时间试验frequencyresponsetest瞬态响应时间试验transientresponsetest阶路响应时间试验stepresponsetest脉冲响应试验pulseresponsetest静态操舵力试验staticsteeringefforttest悬架举升试验jack-uptestofsuspension耐翻倾试验testofoverturningimmunity轮辋错动试验rimsliptest风洞试验windtunneltest制动稳定性试验testofbrakingstability最小转弯直径试验minimumturningdiametertest操舵力试验steeringefforttest汽车发动机类型type发动机engine内燃机intenalcombusitonengine动力机装置powerunit汽油机gasolineengine汽油喷射式汽油机gasoline-injectionengine火花点火式发动机sparkignitionengine压燃式发动机compressionignitionengine往复式内燃机reciprocatinginternalcombustionengine化油器式发动机carburetorengine柴油机dieselengine转子发动机rotaryengine旋轮线转子发动机rotarytrochoidalengine二冲程发动机two-strokeengine四冲程发动机four-strokeengine直接喷射式柴油机directinjectionengine间接喷射式柴油机indirectinjectionengine增压式发动机superchargedengine风冷式发动机air-cooledengine油冷式发动机oil-cooledengine水冷式发动机water-cooledengine自然进气式发动机naturallyaspiratedengine煤气机gasengine液化石油气发动机liquifiedpetroleumgasengine柴油煤气机dieselgasengine多种燃料发动机multifuelengine石油发动机hydrocarbonengine双燃料发动机duelfuelengine热球式发动机hotbulbengine多气缸发动机multiplecylinderengine对置活塞发动机opposedpistonengine对置气缸式发动机opposed-cylinderengine十字头型发动机crossheadengine直列式发动机in-lineengine星型发动机radialengine筒状活塞发动机trunk-pistonengine斯特林发动机stirlingengine套阀式发动机knightengine气孔扫气式发动机port-scavengedengine倾斜式发动机slantengine前置式发动机front-engine后置式发动机rear-engine中置式发动机centralengine左侧发动机left-handengine右侧发动机right-handengine短冲程发动机oversquareengine长冲程发动机undersquareengine等径程发动机squareengine顶置凸轮轴发动机overheadcamshaftengine双顶置凸轮轴发动机dualoverheadcamshaftengineV形发动机V-engine顶置气门发动机valvein-headengine侧置气门发动机sidevalveengine无气门发动机valvelessengine多气门发动机multi-valveengine卧式发动机horizontalengine斜置式发动机inclinedengine立式发动机verticalengineW形发动机w-engineI形发动机I-engineL形发动机L-engineF形发动机F-engine性能performance二冲程循环two-strokecycle四冲程循环four-strokecycle狄塞尔循环dieselcycle奥托循环ottocycle混合循环mixedcycle定容循环constantvolumecycle工作循环workingcycle等压循环constantpressurecycle理想循环idealcycle热力循环thermodynamiccycle冲程stroke活塞行程pistonstroke长行程longstroke上行程upstroke下行程downstroke进气行程intakestroke充气行程chargingstroke压缩行程compressionstroke爆炸行程explosionstroke膨胀行程expansionstroke动力行程powerstroke排气行程exhauststroke膨胀换气行程expansion-exchangestroke换气压缩行程exchange-compressionstroke止点deadcenter上止点topdeadcenter(upperdeadcenter)下止点lowerdeadcenter(bottomdeadcenter)上止点前budc(beforeupperdeadcenter)上止点后atdc(aftertopdeadcetner)下止点前bbdc(beforebottomdeadcenter)下止点后abdc(afterbottomdeadcenter)缸径cylinderbore缸径与行程boreandstroke空气室energychamber气缸余隙容积cylinderclearancevolume燃烧室容积combustionchambervolume气缸最大容积maximumcylindervolume压缩室compressionchamber排气量displacement发动机排量enginedisplacement活塞排量pistonsweptvolume气缸容量cylindercapacity单室容量single-chambercapacity容积法volumetry压缩比compressionratio临界压缩比criticalcompressionratio膨胀比expansionratio面容比surfacetovolumeratio行程缸径比stroke-boreratio混合比mixtureratio压缩压力compressionpressure制动平均有效压力brakemeaneffectivepressure(bmep)空燃比airfuelratio燃空比fuelairratio燃料当量比fuelequivalenceratio扭矩torque单缸功率powerpercylinder升功率powerperliter升扭矩torqueperliter升质量massperliter减额功率deratingpower输出马力shafthorsepower马力小时，马力时horsepower-hour总马力grosshorsepower总功率grosspower净功率netpower燃油消耗量fuelconsumption比燃料消耗率specificfuelconsumption空气消耗率airconsumption机油消耗量oilconsumption有效马力nethorsepower额定马力ratedhorsepower马力重量系数horsepower-weightfactor制动功率brakehorsepower制动热效率brakethermalefficiency总效率overallefficiency排烟极限功率smokelimitinghorsepower功率曲线powercurve机械损失mechanicalloss机械效率mechanicalefficiency有效热效率effectivethermalefficiency充气系数volumetricefficiency过量空气系数coefficientofexcessair适应性系数adaptivecoefficient扭矩适应性系数coefficientoftorqueadaptibility转速适应性系数speedadaptivecoefficient强化系数coefficientofintensification校正系数correctionfactor换算系数conversionfactor活塞平均速度meanpistonspeed发动机转速enginespeed(rotationalfrequency)怠速转速idlingspeed经济转速economicspeed起动转速startingspeed最低稳定工作转速lowestcontinuousspeedwithload最大扭矩转速speedatmaximumtorque最高空转转速maximumnoloadgovernedspeed调速speedgoverning超速overspeed怠速idling转速波动率speedfluctuationrate工况workingcondition(operatingmode)额定工况declaredworkingcondition变工况variableworkingcondition稳定工况steadyworkingcondition空载no-load全负荷fullload超负荷overload部分负荷partload充量（进气）charge旋转方向directionofrotation顺时针clockwise逆时针counter-clockwise左转left-handrotation右转right-handrotation外径majordiameter中径pitchdiameter内径minordiameter径向间隙radialclearance发动机性能engineperformance加载性能loadingperformance起动性能startingperformance加速性能accelerationperformance动力性能powerperformance排放性能emissionperformance空转特性noloadcharacteristics负荷特性partthrottlecharacteristics调速特性governorcontrolcharacteristics万有特性mappingcharacteristics稳定调速率steadystatespeedgoverningrate气缸体和气缸盖cylinderblockandhead气缸体cylinderblock整体铸造castinblock(castenblock)发动机罩enginebonnet气缸体加强筋engineblockstiffeningrib气缸cylinder（转子机）缸体stator缸径cylinderbore气缸体机架cylinderblockframe气缸盖cylinderhead配气机构箱valvemechanismcasing气缸体隔片cylinderspacer气缸盖密封环cylinderheadringgasket气缸盖垫片cylinderheadgasket气缸套cylinderliner(cylindersleeve)干式缸套drycylinderliner湿式缸套wetcylinderliner气缸水套waterjacket膨胀塞expansionplug防冻塞freezeplug气缸壁cylinderwall环脊ringridge排气口exhaustport中间隔板intermediatebottum导板guideway创成半径（转子机）generatingradius缸体宽度（转子机）operatingwidth机柱column燃烧室combustionchamber主燃烧室maincombustionchamber副燃烧室subsidiarycombustionchamber预燃室prechamber涡流燃烧室`swirlcombustionchamber分开式燃烧室dividedcombustionchamber涡流式燃烧室turbulencecombustionchamber半球形燃烧室hemisphericalcombustionchamber浴盆形燃烧室bathtubsectioncombustionchamberL形燃烧室L-combustionchamber楔形燃烧室wedge-sectioncombustionchamber开式燃烧室opencombustionchamber封闭喷射室closedspraychamber活塞顶内燃烧室pistonchamber爆发室explosionchamber燃烧室容积比volumeratioofcombustioncahmber燃烧室口径比surface-volumeratioofcombustionchamber通道面积比arearatioofcombustionchamberpassage曲轴箱通气口crankcasebreather凸轮轴轴承座camshaftbearingbushseat定时齿轮室罩camshaftdrive(gear)cover曲轴箱检查孔盖crankcasedoor曲轴箱防爆门crankcaseexplosionproofdoor主轴承盖mainbearingcap气缸盖罩valvemechanismcover飞轮壳flywheelcover扫气储器scavengingairreceiver活塞piston裙部开槽活塞splitskirtpistonU形槽活塞U-slotpiston滚花修复活塞knurledpiston圆顶活塞domeheadpiston平顶活塞flatheadpiston凸顶活塞crownheadpiston(convexheadpiston)凹顶活塞concaveheadpiston阶梯顶活塞step-headpiston筒形活塞trunkpiston椭圆形活塞ovalpiston抗热变形活塞autothermicpiston不变间隙活塞constantclearancepiston镶因瓦钢片活塞invarstrutpiston直接冷却式活塞direct-cooledpiston间接冷却式活塞indirectcooledpiston滑裙活塞slipperpiston活塞速度pistonspeed活塞顶部pistonhead活塞裙部pistonskirt整体活塞裙solidskirt活塞裙扩大衬簧pistonskirtexpander滑履式活塞裙slipperskirt隔热槽heatdam活塞标记pistonmark活塞销pistonpin活塞销孔pistonpinboss活塞销衬套pistonpinbushing全浮式活塞销full-floatingpistonpin半浮式活塞销semifloatingpistonpin固定螺钉式活塞销setscrewpistonpin活塞环pistonring组合式活塞环compoundpistonring同心活塞环concentricpistonring偏心活塞环eccentricpistonring自由环freering闭合环closedring梯形环keystonering半梯形环halfkeystonering矩形环rectangularring油环oilcontrolring开槽油环slottedoilcontrolring螺旋弹簧加载双坡口油环coilspringloadedslottedoilcontrolring涨环expander双坡口油环doublebevelledoilcontrolring内上坡口internalbeveltop内下坡口internalbevelbottom边缘坡口油环bevelled-egeoilcontrolring刮油环scrapperring钩形环napierring镀铬活塞环chromeplatedpistonring活塞衬环pistonringexpander活塞环槽pistonringgroove活塞环区ringzone活塞环岸pistonringland活塞环内表面backofring曲柄连杆机构connectingrod中心曲柄连杆机构central-locatedconnectingrod偏心曲柄连杆机构offsetconnectingrod铰接曲柄边杆机构hingedconnectingrod连杆connectingrod连杆小头connectingrodsmallend连杆大头connnectingrodbigend连杆杆身connectingrodshank副连杆slaveconnectingrod叉形连杆fork-and-bladeconnectingrod主连杆mainconnectingrod方形连杆boxedrod绞链式连杆hingedtypeconnectingrod活节式连杆articulatedconnectingrod连杆盖connectingrodcap连杆轴承connectingrodbearing曲轴crankshaft整体式曲轴one-piececrankshaft组合式曲轴assembledcrankshaft右侧曲轴right-handcrankshaft左侧曲轴left-handcrankshaft改变行程的曲轴strokedcrankshaft曲轴前端crankshaftfrontend曲轴主轴颈crankshaftmainjournal轴颈重叠度shaftjournaloverlap圆角fillet主轴承mainbearing曲轴止推轴承crankshaftthrustbearing薄臂轴瓦thinwallbearingshell曲轴油道crankshaftoilpassage曲柄crank曲柄臂crankarm曲柄销crankpin轴套bush曲柄转角crankangle曲柄半径crankradius抛油圈oilslander角度轮degreewheel动平衡机dynamicbalancer平衡重balancerweight扭振减振器torshionalvibrationdamper扭振平衡器torsionbalancer谐振平衡器harmonicbalancer振动平衡器vibrationbalancer曲轴链轮crankshaftsprocket转子轴颈rotorjournal偏心轴eccentricshaft曲轴箱crankcase闭式曲轴箱通风装置closed-crankcaseventilatingsystem飞轮flywheel飞轮齿圈flywheelringgear飞轮芯棒cantilever飞轮芯轴flywheelspindle飞轮的惯量矩flywheelmomentofinertia飞轮标记flywheelmark当量系统equivalentsystem当量轴长equivalentshaftlength一级往复惯性力reciprocatinginertiaforce,1storder二级往复贯性力reciprocatinginertiaforce,2ndorder离心惯性力centrifugalinertiaforce配气机构valvegear凸轮轴camshaft凸轮cam整体式凸轮轴one-piececamshaft组合式凸轮轴assembledcamshaft凸轮轴驱动机构camshaftdrive赛车用凸轮轴racecamshaft凸轮轴轴颈camshaftbearingjournal凸轮轴轴承camshaftbearing凸轮轴偏心轮camshafteccentric凸轮轴链轮camshaftsprocket凸轮轴正时齿轮camshafttiminggear凸轮轴齿轮camshaftgearwheel进口凸轮inletcam排气凸轮exhaustcam快升凸轮quickliftcam快升缓降凸轮quickliftgradualclsingcam凸轮轮廓camcontour凸轮包角camangle凸轮升程cam-lobelift凸轮尖camnose凸轮从动件camfollower齿轮传动机构geardrive正时齿轮timinggear链传动机构chaindrive链轮sprocketwheel链轮盘chainsprocket正时链条timingchain带齿皮带toothedtimingbelt链条张紧轮chaintensiongear半速齿轮halfspeedgear正时齿轮刻印记号timinggearpunchmark气门valve进气过程intakeprocess换气过程gasexchangeprocess扫气过程scavengingprocess给气比deliveryratio分层充气stratifiedcharge充量系数volumetricefficiency涡流比swirlrate进气涡流intakeswirl螺旋进气道进气helicalductintake导流屏式气门进气maskedvalveintake切向进气道进气tangentialductintake进气紊流intaketrubulence进气提前角intakeadvanceangle进气持续角intakedurationangle进气迟后角intakelagangle进面值time-areavalue气门升程valvelift气门正时valvetiming扫气口面积scavengingportarea菌形气门mashroomvalve,poppetvalve钠冷却气门sodiumfilledvalve(natriumcooledvalve)双气门dualvalve进气门intakevalve(suctionvalve,inletvalve)排气门exhaustvalve顶置气门overheadvalve侧置气门sidevalve倾斜气门inclinedoverheadvalve直立气门verticaloverheadvalve套筒式滑阀sleevevalve气门机构valvegear直接式气门驱动机构directvalvegear间接式气门驱动机构indirectvalvegear气门杆valvestem加大气门杆oversizevalvestem气门头valvehead气门工作面valveface气门边限valvemargin气门弹簧座valve-springretainer气门锁片valvekey气门间隙调节螺钉valvelashadjustingscrew气门旋转器valverotator气门室valvecage气门油封valveoilseal气门口valveport气门座valveseat气门座镶圈（嵌镶式气门座圈）valveseatinsert(valveseatring)气门座锥角valveseatangle气门座宽度valveseatwidth气门挺杆valvetappet(valvelifter)液力挺杆hydraulictappet(lifter)无间隙挺杆zero-rushtappet(non-clearancetappet)筒形挺杆barreltypetappet油压挺杆ooiltappet滚轮挺杆rollertappet(lifter)挺杆转位tappetrotation排气门挺杆exhaustvalvelifter气门导管valveguide气门杆导管stemguide气门重叠度stemoverlap气门开启持续时间valveduration气门正时标记valvetimingsign气门弹簧valvespring气门内弹簧innervalvespring气门外弹簧outervalvespring刚性缓冲弹簧stiffbufferspring上紧弹簧energizingspring防振气门弹簧non-surgingspring弹簧座圈springretainer蝶形弹簧bellevillespring滚柱roller气门室盖valvechambercover摇臂rockerarm高升程摇臂highliftrockerarm摇臂轴rockerarmshaft推杆push-rod摇臂支架rockerarmbracket气门摇臂室罩valverockerchambercover导向轮guidewheel导杆slidebar导轨sliderail张紧轮tensioningwheel链条张紧调节装置assemblychaintensionadjuster张紧带轮tensioningpulley传动带张紧装置belttensioner同步驱动皮带synchronousbelt同步驱动皮轮synchronousbeltpulley供油系fuelsystem控制燃烧系统controlledcombustionsystem反湿气装置antipercolator电子燃油喷射electronicfuelinjection蒸气回收装置vaporrecoverysystem燃油蒸气回收系统fuelvaporrecoverysystem液体回收装置liquidwithdrawalsystem恒量净化管constantpurgeline碳罐净化管canisterpurgeline供油量fueldelivery循环供油量fueldeliverypercycle额定供油量ratedfueldelivery怠速供油量idlingspeedfueldelivery供油规律fuelsupplyratecurve油量调节装置fuelcontrolunit供油提前角fuelsupplyadvanceangle进油计量inletmetering几何供油行程geometricfueldeliverystroke供油率fuelsupplyrate燃油通道fuelgallery有效行程effectivestroke剩余行程remainderstroke变行程计量variablestrokemetering等容卸载constantvolumeunloading变容卸载variablevolumeunloading收缩容积retractionvolume燃油喷油装置fuelinjectionequipment燃油喷射泵fuelinjectionpump滚轮式燃油喷射泵rollfuelinjectionpump凸轮轴式燃油喷射泵camshaftfuelinjectionpump直列式燃油喷射泵in-linefuelinjectionpump伺服式燃油喷射泵servofuelinjectionpump底部突缘安装燃油喷射泵baseflangedmountedfuelinjectionpump上部安装燃油喷射泵highflanged-mountedfuelinjectionpump侧向安装燃油喷射泵side-mountedfuelinjectionpump端部突缘安装式燃油喷射泵endflange-mountedfuelinjectionpumpV形燃油喷射泵veefuelinjectionpump脉动式燃油喷射泵jerkfuelinjectionpump螺纹安装燃油喷射泵screw-mountedfuelinjectionpump蓄能式燃油喷射泵accumulatorfuelinjectionpump往复式燃油喷射泵reciprocatingfuelinjectionpump驱动轴式燃油喷射泵driveshaftfuelinjectionpump单缸式燃油喷射泵singlecylinderfuelinjectionpump圆柱式燃油喷射泵cylindricalfuelinjectionpump旋转式燃油喷射泵rotaryfuelinjectionpump分配式燃油喷射泵distributorfuelinjectionpump多缸燃油喷射泵multicylinderfuelinjectionpump框架安装式燃油喷射泵cradlemountedinjectionpump喷油始点fuelinjectionbeginning喷油终点fuelinjectionend喷油持续角fuelinjectiondurationangle喷油延迟injectiondelay引燃喷射pilotinjection启喷压力injectionstartingpressure峰值喷油扭矩peakinjectiontorque峰值喷油压力peakinjectionpressure喷油泵油缸数目numberofcylindersofaninjectionpump无气喷射solidinjection喷射正时injectiontiming集中喷射groupinjection喷油器injector整体式喷油器unitinjector喷嘴nozzle轴针式喷嘴pintletypenozzle环槽式喷嘴annularslotnozzle孔式喷嘴holetypenozzle长杆喷嘴longstemnozzle孔板式喷嘴orificeplatenozzle开式喷嘴opennozzle闭式喷嘴closednozzle喷油提前器timingadvanceunit喷射泵壳体injectionpumphousing针阀needle芯轴centralspindle喷嘴壳体nozzlebody针阀升程needlelift喷嘴盖形螺母nozzlecapnut喷油器壳体nozzleholder突缘安装喷油器壳体flanged-mountedinjectionnozzleholder燃油喷射泵传动装置trans--·············﹫····●关注DAE·我们的家··﹫·sataco·················▁╱▂▃··庆祝AutoTech隆重开版··﹫····﹄◎)=◎)╝···▊·▊·●·¤◎··︼︼︼︼︼︼︼︼︼︼︼︼︼︼︼︼︼︼︼︼︼︼▲︼︼︼︺︺︼︼︼︼︼︼︼︼※来源:·BBS水木清华站·[FROM:24]发信人:sataco(贞这周就自控了),信区:AutoTech标题:汽车词汇(2)(zz)发信站:BBS水木清华站(FriDec1714:43:382004),站内汽车词汇（2）出处：作者：swm45100FanE『翻译中国』2004-5-2714:07:30中间齿轮intermediategear(countergear)副轴齿轮countershaftgear副轴countershaft变速器输入轴transmissionimputshaft变速器输出轴transmissionoutputshaft变速器主动齿轮轴transmissiondrivegearshaft变速器主轴transmissionmainshaft变速器中间轴transmissioncountershaft变速器轴的刚度rigidityofshaft变速齿轮比（变速比）transmissiongearratio传动比gearratio主压力linepressure调制压力modulatedpressure真空调制压力vacuummodulatorpressure速控压力governorpressure缓冲压力compensatorortrimmerpressure限档压力holdpresure前油泵frontpump(inputpump)液力传动装置充油压力hydrodynamicunitchangepressure后油泵gearpump(outputpump)回油泵scavengeoilpump调压阀pressure-regulatorvavle电磁阀调压阀solenoidregulatorvalve液力变矩器旁通阀converterbypassvalve速控阀governorvalve选档阀selectrovalve换档阀shiftvalve信号阀signalvalve继动阀relayvalve换档指令发生器shiftpatterngenerator档位指示器shiftindicator(shifttorwer)先导阀priorityvalve流量阀flowvalve重迭阀overlapvalve液力减速器控制阀retardercontrolvalve液力起步fluidstart零速起动stallstart液力变矩器锁止converterlockup全液压自动换档系统hydraulicautomaticcontrolsystem电液式自动换档系统electronic-hydraulicautomatiec换档shift升档upshift降档downshift动力换档powershfit单向离合器换档freewheelshfit人工换档manualshfit自动换档automaitcshfit抑制换档inhibitedshift超限换档overrunshift强制换档forcedshift换档点shiftpoint叶片转位bladeangleshift换档滞后shifthysteresis换档循环shiftschedule换档规律processofpowershift动力换档过程timing换档定时propertyofautomaticshift换档品质propertyofautomaticshft换档元件engagingelement换档机构gearshift操纵杆controllever变速杆stickshift(gearshiftlever)（副变速器）变速杆rangeselector变速叉shiftingfork(gearshiftfork)分动箱控制杆transfergearshiftfork变速踏板gearshiftpedal变速轨（拨叉道轨）shiftrail直接变速directchange(directcontrol)方向盘式变速columnshift(handlechange)按钮控制finger-tipcontrol槽导变速gatechange空档位置neutralposition直接驱动directdrive高速档topgear(highgear)低速档bottomgear(lowspeedgear)第一档firstgear第二档secondgear超速档overdirvegear经济档economicgear倒档reversegear爬行档creepergear驱动特性driveperformance反拖特性coastperformance定输入扭矩特性constantinputtorqueperformance全油门特性fullthrottleperformance寄生损失特性noload(parasiticlosses)performance原始特性primarycharacteristic响应特性responsecharacteristic吸收特性absorptioncharacteristic全特性totalexternalcharacteristic输入特性characteristicofenhance输出特性characteristicofexit力矩特性torquefactor(coefficientofmoment)过载系数overloadingratio变矩系数torqueratio能容系数capacityfactorr几何相似geometrysimilarity运动相似kinematicsimilarity动力相似dynamicsimilarity透穿性transparency万向节和传动轴universaljointanddriveshaft万向节universaljoint非等速万向节nonconstantvelocityuniversaljoint等速万向节constantvelocityuniversaljoint准等速万向节nearconstantvelocityuniversaljoint自承式万向节self-supportinguniversaljoint非自承式万各节nonselfsuportinguniversaljoint回转直径swingdiameter等速平面constantvelocityplane万向节夹角truejointangle十字轴式万向节cardan(hookes)universaljoint万向节叉yoke突缘叉flangeyork滑动叉slipyoke滑动节，伸缩节slipjoint花键轴叉slipshaftyoke轴管叉（焊接叉）tube(weldyoke)十字轴cross(spider)十字轴总成crossassembly挠性元件总成flexibleuniversaljoint球销式万向节flexiblememberassembly双柱槽壳housing球环ball球头轴ballhead球头钉button中心球和座centeringballandseat球笼式万向节rzeppauniversaljoint钟形壳outerrace星型套innerrace保持架cage可轴向移动的球笼式万向节plungingconstantvelocityjoint筒形壳cylinderouterrace柱形滚道星形套innerracewithcylinderballgrooves偏心保持架non-concentriccage滚动花键球笼式万向节ballsplinerzeppauniversaljoint外壳outerhousing内壳体innerhousing球叉式万向节weissuniversaljoint球叉ballyoke定心钢球centeringball三球销万向节tripoduniversaljoint三柱槽壳housing三销架spider双联万向节doublecardanuniversaljoint凸块式万向节tractauniversaljoint凸块叉forkyoke榫槽凸块tongueandgroovecouplijng凹槽凸块groovecoupling传动轴driveshaft(propellershaft)传动轴系driveline传动轴形式driveshafttype两万向节滑动的传动轴two-jointinboardslipddiveshaft两万向节外侧滑动传动轴twojointouboardslipdriveshaft单万向节传动轴singlejointcouplingshaft组合式传动轴unitizeddriveshaft传动轴减振器driveshaftabsorber传动轴中间轴承driveshaftcenterbearing传动轴管焊接合件welddriveshafttubeassembly传动轴特征长度driveshaftlength传动轴谐振噪声resonantnoiseofriveshaft传动轴的临界转速criticalspeedofdriveshaft传动轴总成的平衡balanceofdriveshaftassembly允许滑动量slip相位角phaseangle传动轴安全圈driveshaftsafetystrap驱动桥driveaxle(drivingaxle)类型type断开式驱动桥dividedaxle非独立悬架式驱动桥rigiddirveaxle独立悬架式驱动桥independentsuspensiondriveaxle转向驱动桥steeringdriveaxle贯通式驱动桥tandemaxles“三速”贯通轴"three-speed"tandemaxles单驱动桥singledriveaxle多桥驱动multiaxledrive减速器reducer主减速器finaldrive单级主减速器singlereductionfinaldrive双级主减速器doublereductionfinaldrive前置式双级主减速器frontmounteddoublereductionfinaldrive后置式双级主减速器rearmounteddoublereductionfinaldrive上置式双级主减速器topmounteddoublereductonfinaldrive行星齿轮式双级主减速器planetarydoublereductionfinaldrive贯通式主减速器thru-drive双速主减速器twospeedfinaldrive行星齿轮式双速主减速器twospeedplanetaryfinaldrive双级双速主减速器twospeeddoublereductionfinaldrive轮边减速器wheelreductor(hubreductro)行星圆柱齿轮式轮边减速器planetarywheelreductor行星锥齿轮式轮边减速器differentialgearedwheelreductor(bevelepicyclickhubreductor)外啮合圆柱齿轮式轮边减速器spurgearedwheelreductor差速器differential锥齿轮式差速器bevelgeardifferential圆柱齿轮式差速器spurgeardifferential防滑式差速器limited-slipdifferential磨擦片式自锁差速器multi-discself-lockingdifferential凸轮滑滑块自锁差速器self-lockingdifferentialwithsideringandradialcamplate自动离合式自锁差速器automotivepositivelockingdifferential强制锁止式差速器lockingdifferential液压差速器hydraulicdifferential轴间差速器interaxialdifferential差速器壳differentialcarrieer(case)主降速齿轮finalreductiongear驱动轴减速比axleratio总减速比totalreductionratio主降速齿轮减速比finalreductiongearratio双减速齿轮doublereductiongear差速器主齿轮轴differentialpinion-shaft差速器侧齿轮differentialsidegear行星齿轮spidergear(planetarypinion)螺旋锥齿轮spiralbevelgear双曲面齿轮hypoidgear格里林齿制gleasontooth奥林康型齿制oerlikontooth锥齿轮齿数numberofteethinbevelgearsandhypoidgears锥齿轮齿宽facewidthoftoothinbevelgearsandhypoidgears平面锥齿轮planebevelgear奥克托齿形octoidform平顶锥齿轮contrategear齿面接触区circulartoothcontact齿侧间隙backlashincirculartooth差速器十字轴differentialspider差速器锁止机构differentiallocking-device差速器锁止系数differentiallockingfactor差速器壳轴承carrierbearing桥壳axlehousing整体式桥壳banjohousing可分式桥壳trumpet-typeaxlehousing组合式桥壳unitizedcarrier-typeaxlehousing对分式桥壳splithousing冲压焊接桥壳press-weldingaxlehousing钢管扩张桥壳expandedtubeaxlehousing锻压焊接桥壳forgeweldingaxlehousing整体铸造式桥壳castrigidaxlehousing半轴axleshaft全浮式半轴full-floatingaxleshaft半浮式半轴semi-floatingaxleshaft四分之三浮式半轴three-quarterfloatingaxleshaft驱动桥最大附着扭矩sliptorque驱动桥额定桥荷能力ratingaxlecapactiy驱动桥减速比driveaxleratio驱动桥质量driveaxlemass单铰接式摆动轴single-jointswingaxle双铰接式摆动轴doublejointswigaxle悬架系suspensionsystem悬架suspension类型type非独立悬架rigidaxlesuspension独立悬架independentsuspension平衡悬架equalizingtypeofsuspension组合式悬架combinationsuspension可变刚度悬架variableratesuspension纵置板簧式parallelleafspringtype上置板簧式overslungtype下置板簧式underslungtype双横臂式doublewith-bonearmtype横置板簧式transversalleafspringtype双纵臂式doubletrailingarmtype单横臂式singletransversearmtype双横臂式double-wishbonetype单横臂式singetrailingarmtype双纵臂式double-trailingarmtype单斜臂式singleobliquearmtyep四连杆式fourlinktype扭矩套管式torquetubedrivetype第迪安式DeDiontype烛式slidingpillartype麦弗逊式MacPhersontype金属弹簧式metalspringtype空气弹簧式airspringtype油气弹簧式hydro-pneumaticspringtype橡胶液体弹簧式hydro-rubberspringtype橡胶弹簧式rubberspringtype液体弹簧式hydraulicspringtype三点悬架three-pointsuspension四点悬架four-pointsuspension部件assemblyandparts悬架臂suspensionarm上悬架臂uppersuspensionarm控制臂controlarm上控制臂uppercontrolarm下控制臂lowercontrolarm纵臂trailingarm横臂transversearm斜臂obliquearm支撑梁supportbeam横向推力杆lateralrod纵向推力杆longitudinalrod拉杆tensionrod压杆strutbar支撑杆strutbar扭矩套管torquetube变截面弹簧taperedspring钢板弹簧leafspring(laminatedspring)副钢板弹簧auxiliaryspring非对称钢板弹簧unsymmetricalleafspring单片式钢板弹簧singleleafspring多片式钢板弹簧muotileavedspring纵向钢板弹簧longitudinalleafspring螺旋弹簧coilspring(helicalspring)空气弹簧airspring囊式空气弹簧bellowtypeairspring膜式空气弹簧diaphragmtypeairspring橡胶弹簧rubberspringtype液体弹簧hydraulicspring油气弹簧hydro-pneumaticspringtype单气室油气弹簧singlechamberhydragasspring双气室油气弹簧doublechamberhydragasspring液体弹簧hydraulicspring底盘弹簧chassisspring四分之一椭圆形弹簧quarterellipticspring半椭圆形弹簧half-ellipticspring(semi-ellipticspring)四分之三椭圆形弹簧threequarterellipticspring全椭圆形弹簧fullellipticspring悬臂弹簧cantileverspring簧上质量sprungweight簧下质量unsprungweight垫上弹簧载荷量springcapacityatpad地面弹簧载荷量springcapacityatground弹簧静挠度springstaticdeflection弹簧跳动间隙bumpclearanceofspring弹簧中心距distancebetweenspringcenters减振器shockabsorber筒式减振器telescopicshockabsorber油压缓冲器hydraulicbuffer负荷调平式减振器load-levellingshockabsorber液压减振器dydraulicshockabsorber可调减振器adjustableshockabsorber摇臂式减振器levertypeshockabsorber磨擦式减振器frictionalshockabsorber充气减振器gas-filledshockabsorber动力减振器dynamicshockabsorber减振器卸荷阀shockabsorberreliefvalve减振器进油阀shockabsorberintakevalve减振器示功图damperindicatordiagram减振器液damperfluid横向稳定器stabilizeranti-rollbar滑动座slidingseat滑板slidingplate弹簧架springbracket弹簧主片springleaf钢板弹簧吊耳leafspringshackle钢板弹簧衬套leafspringbushing钢板弹簧销leafspringpin弹簧卷耳springeyeU型螺栓Ubolt钢板弹簧中心螺栓leafspringcenterbolt橡胶衬套rubberbushing缓冲块bufferstopper限位块limitingstopper平衡轴trunnionshaft平衡轴支座trunnionbase臂轴armshaft平横臂equalizer螺纹衬套screwbushing（车身）高度阀levellingvalve车架auxiliarytank整体车架unitizedframe上弯式梁架upsweptframe(kickupframe)短型车架stubframe发动机支架enginemounting半径杆radiusrod平衡杆stabilizerbar制动反应杆brakereactionrod分开式车身和车架separatedbodyandframe车轮wheel车轮尺寸名称wheelsizedesignation车轮类型wheeltype单式车轮singlewheel双式车轮dualwheel整体轮毂式车轮wheelwithintegralhub组装轮辋式车轮demountablerimwheel对开式车轮dividedwheel可调车轮adustablewheel辐板式车轮discwheel可反装式车轮reversiblewheel辐条式车轮wirewheel安装面attachmentface安装面直径attachmentfacediameter双轮中心距dualspacing半双轮中心距halfdualspacing轮缘flange固定轮缘fixedflange轮缘规格代号flangesizedisignation轮缘高度flangeheight轮缘半径flangeradius轮级端部半径flangeedgeradius轮级宽度flangewidth内轴承座肩innerbearingcupshoulder内移距inset横向跳动lateralrun-out外移距outset径向跳动r