高一(春)-02-Unit Two(不定式1)

)onthespot马上，立刻；当场；在现场；当机立断Thequestionputmeonthespot.这个问题使我得做出反应了。13.instantadj.1)紧迫的，刻不容缓的apatientininstantneedoffirstaid一个急需抢救的病人2)立即的，直接的Hefeltinstantreliefaftertakingadoseofmedicine.他服用一剂药后立即感到轻松。3)（食品）已配好的；速溶的instantcoffee速溶咖啡n.（某一）时刻，瞬息；霎时Hepausedforaninstant.他停了一会儿。Isentyouthenewstheinstant(that)Iheardit.我一听到此消息，便通知你了。14.unique(adj.)1)唯一的，独一无二的uniqueto…只有……才有的2)独特的，少见的Thatbuildingisuniquebecausealltheotherslikeitweredestroyed.那座建筑很独特，因为所有像它那样的其他建筑都毁坏了。15.advertise(v.)做广告1)advertisesth.为某事做广告，登广告Iadvertised(myhouse)intheDailyNews.我在《每日新闻》上（为我的房子）登了广告。2)advertiseforsb./sth.（做广告以）征求（某人、某物）We’veadvertisedforsomeonetolookafterthegarden.我们登了广告招聘一个看管花园的。词性变化：advertisement(n.)广告advertising(n.)广告业16.campaign(n.)[C]战役，运动presidentialelection/publicity/safetycampaign总统竞选/广告/安全活动(vi.)领导（参加、推行）一场运动campaignfor/against为/反对……而开展运动17.appreciate(v.)1）鉴赏，欣赏，赏识appreciategoodwine品尝美酒Hisabilitieswerenotappreciatedinhisjob.他的才干在他的工作中得不到赏识。2）完全了解，明白Iappreciatethatthisisnotaneasydecisionforyoutomake.我完全理解你做出这项决定是不容易的。3）感激I’dappreciateitifyouwouldturntheradiodown.请你把收音机的音量调低些。词性变化：appreciation(n.)欣赏，鉴赏，赏识；鉴定，判断，评定；（土地、财产的）增值appreciative(adj.)鉴赏的；有欣赏力的；感激的appreciator(n.)鉴赏者；鉴定者；赏识者18.havesth.todowith与……有关Hisjobhassomethingtodowithoil.他的工作同石油有关。19.remote(adj.)(1)遥远的theremotestars/future遥远的群星/未来theremotecontrol遥控器2)孤寂的；偏僻的Mailscometothisremotevillageonlyonceaweek.邮车每周只到这个偏僻的村庄一次。3)关系远的，不近的Theconnectionbetweenthosetwoideasisveryremote.这两种想法之间的关联极少。20.similarly(adv.)1)差不多，相似的Theyweresimilarlydressed.他们的穿着差不多。(2)同样地，相同地Menmustwearajacketandtie;similarly,womenmustwearaskirtordress,nottrousers.男子必须穿夹克并打领带；同样地，女子必须穿裙子或连衣裙，不能穿裤子。词性变化：similar(adj.)相同的；相仿的；类似的；相似的similarity(n.)[C]类似方面；相似物；类似点[U]相同性；相仿性；类似性Presentation2PhraseShowtakeaspecialclass上一节专门课程（完形，翻译）personalbelongings个人财物（翻译）receiveinstructions接受指令（完形）speedby飞驰（完形）comeintoview映入眼帘（完形，翻译）inalldirections四面八方（翻译）inaninstant立刻（完形，翻译）feelproudof感到自豪（翻译）towerover比…高（完形，翻译）foralifetime一生（完形，翻译）auniquescene独一无二的景色（翻译）begreetedwith用…来打招呼（完形，翻译）rightlyso的确如此touristbureau旅游局somewhereinthemiddle中间的某个地方rankhigh排名很高（完形，翻译）rentalcar租车（翻译）raisethequestion提出问题（完形，翻译）havesomethingtodowith与…有关（翻译）againstallexpectations与期待的相反（翻译）beyondexpectation意料之外（翻译）liveuptoone’sexpectations达到某人的期待（翻译）belocatedin/by座落于…（翻译）inthedirectionof向…方向（完形，翻译）underthedirectionof在…的指导下（完形，翻译）apainterofthefirstrank一流的画家（翻译）remoterelatives/village远房亲戚/偏远的村子（翻译）Iwouldappreciateitif…如果…我将不胜感激（翻译）Presentation3TextShowTheSydneyHarbourBridgeThere’snofeelingquitelikeseeingSydneyfromthetopoftheHarbourBridge.ThereIstood,lookingupatSydney’sHarbourBridgeoneofthemostfamousbridgesintheworld.LocatednearthemagnificentSydneyOperaHouse,the40-storeybridgetowersoverAustralia’slargestcity.Thebridgewascertainlybeautifultolookat.Butwhointheirrightmindwouldwanttoclimbit?Me,ofcourse!Climbingthebridgeisnotsuchacrazythingtodo,infact.Touristsstartedclimbingthebridgein1998.Nowit’soneofSydney’smostpopularattractions.Topreparefortheclimb,ourgroupof12climbershadtotakeaspecialclass.First,westoredallourpersonalbelongingsandchangedintospecialbridgeclimbingclothes.Then,theclimborganizersshowedushowtousethesafetybeltsandclimbthesteepladders.Wewereevengivenlittlepersonalradiostoreceiveinstructionsfromourguideduringtheclimb!Ourexpectationsbegantobuildandourgroupbecameexcited.Onehourlater,wewerereadytogo!Wefirstcrossedsomecatwalksbelowtheroadpartofthebridge.IwasgladIwasn’tafraidofheights.LookingdownthroughthecatwalkIcouldseetheground50meters(164feet)below!Nextweclimbedtheladdersleadingup,up,uptothebridge’sarch.Carsspedbyontheroadbelow.Thewindblewmorefiercelythehigherweclimbed.Moreandmoreofthecityslowlycameintoview.Soonwewereapproachingtheverytopofthebridge!Whatasceneitwasatthetop!Clear,bird’seyeviewsofthecityextendedinalldirections.Lookingsouthwesawthecityskyline,thefamousOperaHouseandtheocean.Itwasjustlikelookingatapostcard,exceptthatwewerereallypartofthepicture!Everyonefeltproudofhavingreachedthisspotinthecity.Noonewasreadytoleavewhenitwastimetogodown.Thetwohourswehadspentonthebridgeseemedtopassinaninstant.Butthememoryofhavingseensuchauniquescenewillstaywithusforalifetime.AdditionalText:TravellinginthelandofsmilesThailandusesthephrase“LandofSmiles”todescribeitselfintouristbrochuresandadvertisingcampaignsandrightlyso.VisitorstoThailandcanexpecttobegreetedwithasmilewhentheyleavetheairport,getintoataxiorrentalcarandagainwhentheyenterahotel.WhatmakesitsoeasyfortheThaipeopletosmileattheirvisitors?TheheadofThailand’stouristbureausaysthatitis“inthenatureofthepeople.”TheThaisarenaturallyhappy,hesayswithasmile,andtheyaregladtosharethathappinesswithothers.ThisattitudeseemstobeverymuchappreciatedbythemorethanfivemilliontouristswhovisitThailandeachyear.Thecountryrankshighonthelistofplacestowhichvisitorswanttoreturn.Thereasonmostoftenstatedisthatthepeoplearefriendlyandpolite.SomeotherAsiandestinationsarenotaswellreceived.BaliinIndonesiarankshighonthelist,withJapansomewhereinthemiddle.Thesereportsraisethequestionofwhethercertainnationalitiesarenaturallymorecourteousthanothers.PeoplemayexperiencemorefriendlinessinThailandthaninothercountries.Thismayhavemoretodowiththeplacethanthepeople.Travelwriterspointoutthatcitiesarealwaysstressful,hurriedplaces,withlittletoofferinthewayofsmilesandwelcome.BangkokisnotasfriendlyasotherplacesinthesurroundingThaicountryside.RemotetownsandvillagesinChina,forexample,offervisitorsawarmwelcome,withsmiles(andgiggles)fromchildren.Perhapsitshouldalsobepointedoutthatpolite,patient,smilingvisitorswillmostoftenbegreetedsimilarly,nomatterwhichcountrytheyarein.Presentation4Grammar-不定式1Hamlet《哈姆雷特》Tobeornottobe:thatisthequestion. 生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题。Todie,tosleep:nomore. 死了，睡着了，什么都完了。一、不定式的形式英译中：注：向学生解释每种不定式形式的时态含义。Toloveandtobelovedisthegreatesthappinessoflife.HepretendedtobesleepingwhenIcamein.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.主动被动一般式todotobedone进行式tobedoing×完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone二、不定式的含义表示将要做的动作表示目的表示结果表示意想不到的结果I’vegotalettertowrite.Tomaketheworldabetterplacetolivein,weshouldprotectenvironment.Weturnedthelightsoffinordernottowasteelectricity.Thecarisspaciousenoughtoholdthefiveofus.Thefanswaitedintherainforhoursjusttohavealookattheirfavoritestar.Theyqueuedforhoursattheboxofficeonlytodiscoverthattheticketsweresoldout.表目的：inorderto/soasto的否定式表结果：so…asto…/such…asto…/enoughto…/too…to…Justtodo…与onlytodiscover/find…的区别本课重点：不定式作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语、状语一、作主语/表语11．不定式短语在句首作主语Toloveandtobelovedisthegreatesthappinessonecanget.主语Thegreatesthappinessonecangetistoloveandtobeloved.表语2.用it作形式主语（为了平衡句子，人们常用先行词it作形式主语，而把真正的主语不定式放在后边。）掌握一门语言需要下功夫。Itrequireseffortstomasteralanguage.常用结构：=1\*GB3①It+be+名词+todo在这演说很荣幸。Itisanhonortomakeaspeechhere.②Ittakessb+sometime+todo做完这些工作需要花你多少时间？Howlongdidittakeyoutofinishthework?③It+be+形容词+forsb+todo在一刻钟里写完这边作文对我们来说是很难的。Itisdifficultforustofinishwritingthecompositioninaquarterofanhour.④It+be+形容词+ofsb+todo你写下老师说的任何事是非常愚蠢的。Itisstupidofyoutowritedowneverythingtheteachersays.⑤Itseems(appears)+形容词+todo对这个贫困家庭来说，现在去存钱似乎是不可能的。Itseemedimpossibleforthepoorfamilytosavemoneyatthismoment.注意：在疑问句和感叹句中只能用it作形式主语的结构：在沙滩上沐日光浴多令人放松啊！Howrelaxingitistobatheinthesunonthesand!二、动词不定式作动词宾语结构常用动词例句动词+todoafford,agree,aim,attempt,choose,continue,decide,determine,expect,fail,forget,hate,hope,manage,intend,mean,offer,plan,prefer,pretend,promise,refuse等Ilongtobecomeafootballstar.Heagreedtokeepitsecret.动词+疑问词+todoknow,decide,wonder,learn,remember,see,understand,think,findout等Idon’tknowwhattosaytocomforther.动词+间接宾语+疑问词+todoshow,teach,advise,tell,inform等Thefarmershowedushowtopickupstrawberries.动词+形式宾语it+补足语+todofind,think,consider,feel,make等Ifinditimportanttolearnasecondforeignlanguage.Wethinkitbettertosetoffearly.三、动词不定式作宾语补足语结构常用动词例句动词+宾语+todoWish,cause,ask,beg,expect,force,remind,persuade,invite,allow,encourage,advise等Thedoctoradvisesmetohaveabloodtest.Theteacherencouragedustojoininthediscussion.动词词组+宾语+todoarrangefor,waitfor,askfor,preparefor,longfor,relyon等I’llarrangeforthegueststotoursevencountrytowns.Thestudentswaitingfortheexamresultstocome.动词+宾语+（tobe）+名词或形容词consider,prove,believe,suppose,know,think等EveryonethoughDavid(tobe)acleverboy.动词+宾语+省略to的不定式一感：feel二听：hear,listento三让：let,have,make四观看：observe,see,watch,lookatIsawtheyoungmanslipinquietly.注意：转为被动语态时，原不带to的不定式要变成带to的不定式。（除let）a.Thenaturalistsawapackofwolvescrosstheplainandrunaway.Apackofwolveswereseento______theplainand______away．tocrossrun虽然经常是哥哥弄哭小妹妹，但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了。Thoughtheelderbrotherhadoftenmadehislittlesistercry,todayhewasmadetocrybyhislittlesister.四、动词不定式作定语结构例句不定式与被修饰名词构成动宾关系Ihavealotworktodo.在处于动宾关系的情况下，若不定式为不及物动词，其后动词须加上结构和意义上所需的介词。Henryisapleasantmantotalkto.I’veboughtamotorcycletogotoworkon.不定式为及物动词，后接宾语和介词，介词与被修饰的名词构成介宾关系Iwantabookcasetoputmybooksin.Theboyhadnochildrentoplaywith.被修饰名词和后接不定式构成主谓关系Heistherightpersontodothattask.不定式和被修饰名词构成同位关系Herwishtobeanairhostesshasnevercometrue.五、动词不定式作状语1．表示目的Tosavethechild,helosthislife.I'llwritedownhistelephonenumbersoasnottoforgetit.2．表示结果他上了火车站，可只发现火车已经走了。Hegottothestationonlytofindthetrainhadgone.会议之后，他们分开了，再也没有见过彼此。Afterthemeeting,theyparted,nevertoseeeachotheragain.很多粉丝等几个小时仅仅就是为了看一眼明星。Manyfanswaitedforseveralhoursjusttohavealookatthestars.FocusPracticeCompleteeachofthefollowingsentences,usingtheverbsgiveninthebrackets.Totreatothersaswewish________(treat)isthecommonhumanitythatbindsustogether.Sheforcedhim____________(leave)homewhilehewasstillachild.Helosthistemperbecausetheshoprefused____________(accept)hischeck.Maryfeltillandshelongedforthemeeting__________(finish)sothatshecouldgohome.Anancientcitywassaid____________(discovered)atthebottomofthelake.Myfriendsoffered____________(help)meoutofmyhardfinancialcondition.Theaccidentseems____________(happen)ataround1.00p.m.,yesterday.Don’thesitate____________(drop)inonmeinmyofficeifyouhaveanydoubt.Maryisalwaysthefirst________(appear)intheofficeandthelast_________(disappearIwenttovisitWilliaminhisofficeonly_________(tell)thathehadleftforLondontwoweeksbefore.Keys:1.tobetreated2.toleave3.toaccept4.tofinish5.tohavebeendiscovered6.tohelp7.tohavehappened8.todrop9.toappear,todisappear10.tobetoldII.Choosethebestanswerforthefollowingquestions.DCBBADBCAACDADB1.Don’ttalkwithhimanymore.Heisamanwhoishardto________.A.bepleasedB.pleasant C.pleasing D.please2.________tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone'sskin.

A.ExposedB.Havingexposed C.BeingexposedD.Afterbeingexposed3.Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto________someschoolsforpoorchildren.

A.setupB.settingup C.havesetupD.havingsetup4.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains________whethertheywillenjoyit.

A.tosee B.tobeseen C.seeing D.seen5.Robertissaid_______abroad,butIdidn’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.A.tohavestudiedBtostudy C.tobestudyingDtohavebeenstudying6.Iusuallygotherebytrain.

Whynot___byboatforachange?

A.totrygoing B.tryingtogo C.totryandgo D.trygoing7.Comparedwithwomen,menalwaysprefer____athomeratherthan____

somuchtimeshopping.

A.tostay,tospend

B.tostay,spend

C.stay,spend

D.

stay,tospend8.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_____thefirstcomputer.A.toinvent B.inventing C.tohaveinvented D.havinginvented9.LittleJimshouldlove_____tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetaken B.totake C.beingtaken D.taking10.________lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm(闹钟).A.Tosleep

B.Sleeping

C.Sleep

D.Havingsleep11.Withalotofdifficultproblems______,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled12.Theteacheraskedus_______somuchnoise.A.don'tmake B.notmake C.notmaking D.nottomake13.__________theassignmentmadehisfatherlosehistemper.

A.Theboy’snothavingdone

B.Theboynothavingdone

C.Theboy’shavingnotdone

D.Theboyhavingnotdone14.——Nextweekwe'llhavethefinalEnglishexams．——Yes?Then，everyminutemustbemadefulluseEnglish．ofstudying B．tostudy C．ofbeingstudied D．oftostudy15．Whichdoyouenjoy__________yourweekends,fishingorwatchingTV?A.spending B.tospend C.beingspent D.spendHomeAssignmentI.Choosethebestanswer.1.Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto________someschoolsforpoorchildren.

A.setup B.settingup C.havesetup D.havingsetup

2.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains________whethertheywillenjoyit.

A.tosee B.tobeseen C.seeing D.seen3.Robertissaid_______abroad,butIdidn’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.A.tohavestudied B.tostudy C.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying4.Comparedwithwomen,menalwaysprefer____athomeratherthan____

somuchtimeshopping.

Atofinish,tospend

Btofinish,spend

Cfinish,spend

D

finish,tospend5.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_____thefirstcomputer.A.toinvent B.inventing C.tohaveinvented D.havinginvented6.LittleJimshouldlove_____tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetaken B.totake C.beingtaken D.taking7.________lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.Tosleep

B.Sleeping

C.Sleep

D.Havingsleep8.Withalotofdifficultproblems________,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settled B.settling C.tosettle D.beingsettled9.—Nextweekwe'llhavethefinalEnglishexams．—Yes?Then，everyminutemustbemadefulluseEnglish．A.ofstudying B.tostudy C.ofbeingstudied D.oftostudy10.Mybosscan’tbear________anyofhisemployees_______idly(无所事事).A.tosee;sitting B.seeing;sit C.seeing;besitting D.see;sitKey:BBABC AACDBII.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish1．救援飞机正在努力查明幸存者的位置。（locate）Rescueplanesaretryingtolocatethesurvivors.2．他服药以后马上感觉好多了。（instant）Hefeltbettertheinstanthetookthemedicine.3．他去了美国，期待可以在那里完成硕士学位。（expectation）HeleftforAmericainexpectationofgettingaMaster’sDegreethere.4．你靠近床边的时候走路轻一点，因为宝宝现在在睡觉。（approach）Walksoftlyasyouapproachthebed,becausethebabyissleepingnow.5．公司收到了来自各行各业的抱怨。（direction）Thecompanyreceivedcomplaintsfromallwalksoflife.6．她远远超过同时代的其他舞蹈演员。（tower）Shetoweredoverotherdancersofhergeneration.7．政府开展了戒烟运动。（campaign）Thegovernmenthaslaunchedacampaignagainstsmoking.8．如果你把收音机音量调小一点，我会很感激的。（appreciate）Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldturntheradiodown.9．这所大学在工程方面排名世界第一。（rank）Theuniversityisrankednumberone/firstinthecountryinengineeringthatchild.10．过了十年我才有机会再次见到我的远房亲戚。（remote）ItwastenyearsbeforeIgottheopportunitytoseemyremoterelativesagain.III.ReadingKey:CACBI’mseventeen.IhadworkedasaboxboyatasupermarketinLosAngeles.Peoplecametothecounterandyouputthingsintheirbagsforthemandcarriedthingstotheircars.Itwashardwork.Whileworking，youwearaplatewithyournameonit.IoncemetsomeoneIknewyearsago.Irememberedhisnameandsaid,“Mr.Castle,howareyou?”Wetalkedaboutthisandthat.Asheleft,hesaid,“Itwasnicetalkingtoyou,Brett.”Ifeltgreat,herememberedme.ThenIlookeddownatmynameplate.Ohno.Hedidn’tremembermeatall,hejustreadthenameplate.IwishIhadput“Irving”downonmynameplate.Ifhe’dhavesaid,“Ohyes,Irving,howcouldIforgetyou?”I’dhavebeenreadyforhim.There’snothingpersonalhere.

Themanagerandeveryoneelsewhower