sat官方指南og词汇test3

OGTEST3SECTION4ExtensivetravelaffordedLangstonHughesaperspective,butitwasHarlemthatservedasthecreativeforhiswriting.cosmopolitan…defenseworldly•••inspirationmoral…obligationstunted…conditionlimited•••centerWorldly]⑴Of,relatingto,ordevotedtothetemporalworld世间的，尘世的(2)Experiencedinhumanaffairs;sophisticatedorworldly-wise老练的：有经历的；老于世故或明智的"anexperiencedandworldlymanwhohadbeenalmosteverywhere"(WillaCather).一个几乎去过所有地方的有经历的、老练的人。一一韦拉卡瑟尔Cosmopolitan⑴Pertinentorcommontothewholeworld世界性的，全球性的(2)Sosophisticatedastobeathomeinallpartsoftheworldorconversantwithmanyspheresofinterest四海为家的，全球主义的acosmopolitantraveler一个四海为家的旅行者Moral⑴Oforconcernedwiththejudgmentofthegoodnessorbadnessofhumanactionandcharacteramoralquandary一个道德困境(2)Conformingtostandardsofwhatisrightorjustinbehavior;virtuous道德的，品行端正的：符合关于行为对错的标准的；有道德的amorallife一种道德的生活Stunt]⑴v.Tocheckthegrowthordevelopmentof阻碍…的生长或开展Lackoftherightfoodmaystuntgrowth.缺乏适当的食物会阻碍发育。(2)n.Afeatdisplayingunusualstrength,skill,ordaring特技，绝技：可以表现力量、技巧或胆识的技艺Onerequirementoftimelessartisthatitdeepenandourawareness,notthatitmerelyconfirmwhatwealreadyknow.hinderreconcilecontrolsootheextendHinderToobstructordelaytheprogressof阻碍，阻碍：阻碍或耽误…的进程SootheTocalmorplacate使…平静，安抚抚慰Toeaseorrelieve(pain,forexample)减轻，缓和〔例如痛苦〕Despairingthattheperformanceofthechiefexecutivewouldeverimprove,thecorporation'sboardofdirectorstookdecisiveactionandhim.coddledtauntedproddedoustedchidedOustToejectfromapositionorplace;forceout驱逐〔出某一职位或地点〕"theAmericanRevolution,whichoustedtheEnglish"(VirginiaS.Eifert).“曾经驱逐了英国人的美国大革命一一弗吉尼亚S厄尔福特CoddleTotreatindulgentlybaby溺爱，娇养：放任〔或放纵〕地对待小孩SeeSynonymsatpamper参见pamperTauntToreproachinamocking,insulting,orcontemptuousmanner〔以一种嘲弄、侮辱或轻蔑的方式来〕指责；奚落SeeSynonymsatridicule参见ridiculeprodTogoadtoaction;incite促使…行动；推动ChideToscoldmildlysoastocorrectorimprove;reprimand〔为了让人纠正或改进而温和地〕责备chidedtheboyforhissloppiness责备男孩的递遢Thediscoveryofthefossilwasand:surprisingscientistsandunderminingacceptedtheoriesaboutplantdistribution.exhilarating…banalshockingpropheticstartling…revolutionaryappalling…groundbreakingunanticipated…irrelevantStartleToalarm,frighten,orsurprisesuddenly使警觉、害怕或吃惊SeeSynonymsatfrighten参见frightenUndermine⑴Toweakenbywearingawayabaseorfoundation〔通过侵蚀根底〕削弱、破坏Waterhasunderminedthestonefoundations.地下水已经破坏了岩石地基。(2)Toweaken,injure,orimpair,oftenbydegreesorimperceptibly;sap暗中破坏，暗地里破坏：渐渐的或不被觉察地削弱、伤害或破坏=sapLatehourscanundermineone'shealth.熬夜会渐渐伤害一个人的安康exhilarateTocausetofeelhappilyrefreshedandenergetic;elate使快乐，使愉快；=elateWewereexhilaratedbythecool,pine-scentedair.我们因为清爽的、带着松香的空气而感到心情愉悦。BanalDrearilycommonplaceandoftenpredictable;trite陈腐的，平庸的，老套的：令人枯燥的平常并且经常是可预测的；=trite陈词滥调"Bluntlanguagecannothideabanalconception"(JamesWolcott).“直率的语言不能隐藏一个陈腐的概念。一詹姆斯沃尔科特propheticOf,belongingto,orcharacteristicofaprophetorprophecyForetellingeventsasifbydivineinspiration预言的，预示的：通过直觉或灵感预测事件casualwordsthatprovedprophetic.看似随意而预言性的文字派prophet/prophecyappallTofillwithconsternationordismay使…恐惧，使…惊骇SeeSynonymsatdismay参见dismayGroundbreakingCharacterizedbyoriginalityandinnovation先锋的，原创的，创新的agroundbreakingtechnology一项创新性科技CitingtheoftheAsianAmericancommunity,thescholararguedthatAsianAmericansconstitutedtheregionfastest-gsowingminoritypopulation.digressionproximityexpansionstabilizationcorrelationDigressToturnaside,especiallyfromthemainsubjectinwritingorspeaking;stray离题〔脱离写作或演说主题〕=straySeeSynonymsatswerve参见swerve派digressionProximityThestate,quality,sense,orfactofbeingnearornext;closeness接近，近似：接近或相邻的状态、性质、感觉或事实；近似=closeness派生自approximateStabilizeTomakestableorsteadfast使…稳定，使…稳固派stabilizationFarfrombeing,bearsinsomenationalparksaresurprisinglywhenapproachedbyhuman;stillvisitorsmustexercisecaution.benign…cantankerousreticent…bellicosecomplacent…docileaggressive…placidplayfulfriskyAggressiveCharacterizedbyaggression侵略的，侵略性的aggressivebehavior侵略性行为Inclinedtobehaveinanactivelyhostilefashion进取的，主动的，好斗的anaggressiveregime一个好斗的〔好侵略的〕政权Placid|Undisturbedbytumultordisorder;calmorquiet平静的，平稳的；冷静的SeeSynonymsatcalm参见calmBenignOfakindandgentledispositionShowinggentlenessandmildness慈样的，〔气候，性格〕温顺仁慈的SeeSynonymsatkind参见kindBellicoseWarlikeinmannerortemperament;pugnacious

〔在行为或性格上〕好战的，好斗的;SeeSynonymsatbelligerent.参见belligerent=pugnaciousCantankerous=pugnaciousIll-temperedandquarrelsome;disagreeable脾气坏的，好争吵的尸disagreeabledislikedhercantankerouslandlord厌恶他脾气暴躁的房东ReticentInclinedtokeepone'sthoughts,feelings,andpersonalaffairstooneself沉默不语的〔倾向于保存某人的想法、感情及个人事务的〕SeeSynonymsatsilent参见silentComplacentContentedtoafault;self-satisfiedandunconcerned自满的〔对缺点的自我满足且不关心〕；自鸣得意的Hehadbecomecomplacentafteryearsofsuccess.在经历了常年的成功之后，他变得自满起来。Docile]Readyandwillingtobetaught;teachable愿意并且容易教的；可教的=teachableYieldingtosupervision,direction,ormanagement;tractable征服的，易驾驭的：服从监视、指导或管理的；=tractableFriskyEnergetic,lively,andplayful有活力的，活泼的，嬉戏的afriskykitten一只欢闹的小猫Beforebecomingastockbroker,VictoriaWoodhullhadacareerasa,someonebelievedtohaveinsightabouteventsbeyondordinaryhumanperception.mentorprofiteercounterfeiterclairvoyantpropagandistClairvoyanceThesupposedpowertoseeobjectsoreventsthatcannotbeperceivedbythesenses超人的洞察力，千里眼：一种可以在没有感知的情况下看到事物或事件的才能派clairvoyantMentorAwiseandtrustedcounselororteacher导师〔良师益友〕Profiteer|Onewhomakesexcessiveprofitsongoodsinshortsupply奸商〔供应短缺时牟取暴利者〕Counterfeit⑴Tomakeacopyof,usuallywiththeintenttodefraud;forge为了诈骗〕伪造〔有价值东西〕counterfeitsmoney伪造假币派counterfeiterAfraudulentimitationorfacsimile仿造品，为造物PropagandaThesystematicpropagationofadoctrineorcauseorofinformationreflectingtheviewsandinterestsofthoseadvocatingsuchadoctrineorcause宣传活动Materialdisseminatedbytheadvocatesoropponentsofadoctrineorcause宣传材料〔或物品〕wartimepropaganda战时宣传派propagandist|Thejudgesforthechilicompetitionwere,notingsubtledifferencesbetweendishesthatmostpeoplewouldnotdetect.obscuredeferentialdiscriminatingsanctimoniousunrelentingObscure〔已收〕Subtle〔已收〕DeferentialMarkedbyorexhibitingdeference顺从的，恭顺的派生自deferenceDiscriminatingAbletorecognizeordrawfinedistinctions;perceptive有区别才能的，有区分力的：可以识别出或找出细微的差异；=perceptiveadiscriminatingcollectorofrarebooks一个有鉴别才能的稀有图书收藏家SanctimoniousFeigningpietyorrighteousness假装神圣的Unrelenting⑴Havingorexhibitinguncompromisingdetermination;unyielding不屈服的：决心并没有妥协的；=unyieldinganunrelentinghumanrightsworker一个不屈服的人权工作者(2)Notdiminishinginintensity,pace,oreffort〔在强度、速率或努力程度上〕未减轻或缓和的，不放松的anunrelentingicestorm一场仍未缓和的冰雪风暴SECTION7Althoughthearchaeologistthesymbolonthecavewall,shewasunabletothembecausetheyweretoofaint.replicated•••ignoreperused…discardobliterated…translaterecollected…concealscrutinized…decipherScrutinizeToexamineorobservewithgreatcare;inspectcritically〔很挑剔地〕详细检查或观察DecipherToreadorinterpret(ambiguous,obscure,orillegiblematter)解读〔难以理解或无法识别的东西〕SeeSynonymsatsolve参见solveToconvertfromacodeorciphertoplaintext;decode破译〔密码〕；=decodeReplicateToduplicate,copy,reproduce,orrepeat复制，重复Iftheviruscannotreplicateitself,itcannotcauseillness假设病毒不能变异，也就不可以诱发疾病了。PeruseToreadorexamine,typicallywithgreatcare熟读，精读DiscardTothrowaway;reject扔掉；抛弃=rejectobliterateTowipeout,ruboff,orerase(writingorothermarkings)擦掉〔字迹或其他标记〕obliterateyourtrace抹掉足迹PopularinterestinmusicperformedbyfolksingerJeanRitchieactedasabecauseitasnativeKentucky.widerinterestinthemusicofRitchiesnativeKentucky.deterrent…launchedpanacea-•overcomebarrier…awakenedcatalyst•••stirredprovocation…mitigatedCatalyst⑴Asubstance,usuallyusedinsmallamountsrelativetothereactants,thatmodifiesandincreasestherateofareactionwithoutbeingconsumedintheprocess催化剂〔以小剂量使用，可以加快反响速度，自身不消耗〕(2)Onethatprecipitatesaprocessorevent,especiallywithoutbeinginvolvedinorchangedbytheconsequences促使事情开展的因素stirdeterTopreventordiscouragefromacting,asbymeansoffearordoubt〔用恐惧或疑问的手段〕阻止，制止Doesnegotiateddisarmamentdeterwar?(EdwardTeller).这种会谈达成的裁军会阻止战争的发生吗？——爱德华泰勒SeeSynonymsatdissuade.参见dissuadeLaunchTosetgoing;initiate开始，着手，发起；=initiatelaunchacareer开始〔发起〕一项事业PanaceaAremedyforalldiseases,evils,ordifficulties;acure-all万能药：可以治疗所有疾病、邪恶或困难的药方或错失；cure-allBarrier⑴Astructure,suchasafence,builttobarpassage.〔用来制止通行的各种〕障碍物〔如：栅栏和关卡〕(2)Somethingimmaterialthatobstructsorimpedes〔无形的〕阻碍，障碍Intoleranceisabarriertounderstanding.狭隘是互相之间理解的障碍。SeeSynonymsatobstacle.参见obstacleProvoke〔已收〕Toincitetoangerorresentment;tostirtoactionorfeeling激怒，煽动，挑拨：激起愤怒或憎恨；煽动起某种行动或感情派provocativeMitigate〔已收〕Tomoderate(aqualityorcondition)inforceorintensity;alleviate减轻，缓和：缓和〔一种性质或条件〕的力量或强度；缓解Governmentsshouldendeavourtomitigatepoverty.政府应努力缓解贫困问题。SeeSynonymsatrelieve参见relieveOceanographershaveidentifiedmorethan50"deadzonesaroundtheworld:areasoftheseathatvariousformsofpollutionhaverenderedlife.conducivetoinvaluabletoimperativetoindistinguishablefrombereftofConducive」Tendingtocauseorbringabout;contributive有利于的，有助于的；=contributiveworkingconditionsnotconducivetoproductivity.工作条件对消费力没有帮助。SeeSynonymsatfavorable.参见favorableImperative⑴Expressingacommandorplea;peremptoryHavingthepowerorauthoritytocommandorcontrol专横的，命令的〔不许违犯的，有权利或权威去命令或控制的〕requeststhatgrewmoreandmoreimperative.越来越命令式的恳求(2)Impossibletodeterorevade;pressing紧急的，紧迫的：不能阻止或逃避的；pressingimperativeneeds紧迫的需要SeeSynonymsaturgent.参见urgentDistinguishToperceiveasbeingdifferentordistinctToperceivedistinctly;discernTomakenoticeableordifferent;setapart.Tocause(oneself)tobeeminentorrecognized区分，区别，区分派distinguishable/undistinguishableBereft]⑴Deprivedofsomething被剥夺的，失去…的Theyarebereftoftheirdignity.他们丧失了尊严。(2)Lackingsomethingneededorexpected缺乏的，缺少的Thefewfemalephysicianspracticingattheendofthenineteenthcenturymightbeconsideredbecausetheyconstitutedaverysmallpercentageofallphysicians.miscreantsrevisionistsanomaliespacifistsEextremistsAnomalyDeviationordeparturefromthenormalorcommonorder,form,orrule异常，反常，异常或反常的人或物ReviseToprepareanewlyeditedversionof(atext)Toreconsiderandchangeormodify修改，修订：准备一份新的版本；重新考虑并且做出改变或修改Ihaverevisedmyopinionofhim.我已经修正了我对他的看法。SeeSynonymsatcorrect.参见correct派revision/revisionistPacifist:of,relatingto,orcharacteristicofpacifismorpacifists:stronglyandactivelyopposedtoconflictandespeciallywar和平主义者：强烈或积极反对冲突，尤其是战争的Rosesmiledapprovinglybutgaveneitherwrittennorspokenpermissiontoproceedwiththeproject:herconsent,inshort,was.tacitferventunqualifiedimpetuousconditionaltacitexpressedorcarriedonwithoutwordsorspeechimpliedorindicated(asbyanactorbysilence)butnotactuallyexpressed暗示的，心照不宣的：不使用书面或口头形式表达的；〔通过一种行为或沉默〕暗示的或说明的，但没有实际表达出来的tacitadmissionofguilt对罪行的默认FerventHavingorshowinggreatemotionorzeal;ardent炽热的，狂热的，热心的：具有或表现出极大的感情或热情；=ardentaferventadmirer一个狂热的崇拜者Impetuous」Characterizedbysuddenandforcefulenergyoremotion;impulsiveandpassionate冲动的；鲁莽的：具有突然的和强有力的感情的；=impulsive/passionateSECTION9Paradoxically,duringtheFrenchRevolution,theveryleaderswhoproclaimedphilosophiessometimesalsoengagedinpractices.regal…imperialsimplistic…neutralliberating•••repressivetotalitarian…absolutistscandalous…compromisedLiberateTosetfree,asfromoppression,confinement,orforeigncontrol〔从压迫下、囚禁中或外国统治下〕释放，解放派liberatingRepressiveCausingorinclinedtocauserepression压迫性的，压抑性的：造成或倾向于造成镇压〔压抑〕的arepressivedictatorship一个镇压式的专制统治RegalOforrelatingtoamonarch;royal.BelongingtoorbefittingamonarchMagnificent;splendid.君主的，君王的；豪华的，华美堂皇的Imperial(1)Of,relatingto,orsuggestiveofanempireorasovereign,especiallyanemperororempress君王的，帝王的imperialrule帝王统治(2)Outstandinginsizeorquality壮丽的：在大小或质量上出众的，突出的NeutralNotalignedwith,supporting,orfavoringeithersideinawar,dispute,orcontestBelongingtoneithersideinacontroversyBelongingtoneitherkind;notonethingortheother中立的，中性的：在战争、争端或竞争中不支持〔或反对〕任何一方的；不属于两种中的任何一种的TotalitarianOf,relatingto,being,orimposingaformofgovernmentinwhichthepoliticalauthorityexercisesabsoluteandcentralizedcontroloverallaspectsoflife,theindividualissubordinatedtothestate,andopposingpoliticalandculturalexpressionissuppressed极权主义的〔具有绝对的、中心化的控制权的，反对意见受到压制的〕Atotalitarianregimecrushesallautonomousinstitutionsinitsdrivetoseizethehumansoul.(ArthurM.Schlesinger,Jr.)出于控制民众灵魂的冲动，一个集权主义政权将粉碎所有自治性机构。一一ArthurM.Schlesinger,Jr.Absolutist：a:apoliticaltheorythatabsolutepowershouldbevestedinoneormorerulersb:governmentbyanabsoluterulerorauthority:DESPOTISM专制主义，专制主义论者：一种主张赋予一个或多个统治者以绝对权利的政治理论；具有一个绝对统治者或统治权威的政府：despotism：advocacyofarulebyabsolutestandardsorprinciples绝对论：提倡一种具有绝对标准或原那么的规那么ScandalApublicizedincidentthatbringsaboutdisgraceoroffendsthemoralsensibilitiesofsociety丑事，丑闻adrugscandalthatforcedthemayor'sresignation一个迫使市长辞职的毒品丑闻Despitehisbrilliantcareer,Geraldwasplaguedbydoubtsandcouldnothisfeelingsof.imagine…worthlessnessreconcile…superiorityembrace…insecuHtydispel•••inferiorityfathomTevityPlaguen.Awidespreadafflictionorcalamity,especiallyoneseenasdivineretribution;Asuddendestructiveinfluxorinjuriousoutbreak〔高度传染且经常是致命的〕瘟疫；突然的灾害v.Toafflictwithorasifwithadiseaseorcalamity通通过貌似一种疾病或灾难〕折磨，使苦恼Runawayinflationfurtherplaguedthewage-orsalary-earner.(EdwinO.Reischauer)正在进展中的通货膨胀进一步折磨着拿薪水的人们。EdwinO.ReischauerJanewasbothand:shewasblatantlyproudandoffensivelyboldhaughty…impudentirresolute…insolentpresumptuous…loquaciousarrogant…articulatereverential…contemptuousHaughty□Scornfullyandcondescendinglyproud傲慢的，自大的：带有蔑视和屈尊色彩的骄傲SeeSynonymsatproud参见proudImpudentCharacterizedbyoffensiveboldness;insolentorimpertinent鲁莽冒失的，放肆无礼的，厚颜无耻的SeeSynonymsatshameless参见shamelessResoluteFirmordetermined;unwavering坚决的，坚决的；不动摇的派irresoluteInsolent1:Presumptuousandinsultinginmannerorspeech;arrogant行为态度或言辞傲慢的；=arrogant2：Audaciouslyrudeordisrespectful;impertinent.无礼的，鲁莽的；=impertinentPresumptuousGoingbeyondwhatisrightorproper;excessivelyforward放肆的，专横的，冒昧的：超过了正确或适宜的界限；过于冒犯了Loquacious〔〕Verytalkative;garrulous话多的，爱说话的：非常健谈的；唠叨的ArticulateExpressingoneselfeasilyinclearandeffectivelanguageCharacterizedbytheuseofclear,expressivelanguage发音明晰的，表达清楚的anarticulatespeaker一个表达清楚的