2022届高考英语一轮复习专项点拨专题02高考阅读理解之细节理解题

细节理解题目录toc\o"1-3"\h\u四．阅读理解—细节理解题 14.1【命题方式】 14.2【解题技巧】 14.3【正确选项特点】 24.4【错误选项特点】 3四．阅读理解—细节理解题4.1【命题方式】单项细节题:题干定位theauthorstarteddrawingagainin1995because________.thebatteryoftheauthor’scarwasdeadbecause________.whatdoesthewriterpaytheleastattentionto?whichofthefollowingmapsshowtherightwayto…?多项细节题:选项定位allofthefollowingaretrueexcept________.whichofthefollowingstatementistrue/nottrue？4.2【解题技巧】1.找题干或选项关键词——定位2.定三句——原句、前句、后句3.分析选项特征：同义替换是答案；证明中心是答案；全面大于片面。【题干定位原那么：原词定位；近义词定位；同义转换〔用不同方式表达相同或相似内容〕定位】1.whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?原文：itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreadingmainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.2.whatdoestheauthorthinkisasurprise?原文：theonlywonderisthatsomanystatesinsistonclosingtheirearstothemessage.3.whatdoyouhavetodowhensailingagainstthewind?原文：sailingintothewindisnotpossible.ifyoutry,thesailwillflapandtheboatwillstop.youmaywanttogointhatdirection.itispossible,butyoucan’tgoinastraightline.youmustgofirstinonedirectionandtheninanother.thisiscalledtacking.whenyouaretacking,youmustalwayskeepthesailinsidetheboat4.whatisaproblemwithcyberschools?原文：someeducatorssaycyberschoolsreceivemoneythatshouldsupporttraditionalpublicschools.theyalsosayitisdifficulttoknowifstudentsarelearningwell.5.billwassuspectedofbeinginfectedwithhivafter.原文:thedoctorsuspectedthathehadbeeninfectedwithhiv,thevirusthatleadstoaids.6.whatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtocarducci?原文：heexplains.“thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.〞4.3【正确选项特点】对应文章原词；对应文章近义词；对应同义转换〔用不同方式表达相同或相似内容〕1.cyberschoolsaregettingpopularbecameb.theirstudentscanworkattheirownspeed原文：othereducatorspraisethisnewformofeducationforlettingstudentsworkattheirownspeed.2.whatdoesthesmileusuallymeanintheu.s.?a.love. b.politeness. c.joy. d.thankfulness.原文：forexample,inamericanculture(文化)thesmileisingeneralanexpressionofpleasure.yetitalsohasotheruses.3.whatdoweknowabouthenryfordfromparagraph1?a.hemadegooduseofideasfromothers.

原文：whathenryforddidwastouseotherpeople'sideasandmakethembetter.4.whichofthefollowingistrueofthesquirrelbridge?c.itwasrebuiltafteryearsofuse 原文：repairsweremade5.whatwasthepurposeofedinburghfestivalatthebeginning?a.tobringeuropetogetheragain. b.tohonorheroesofworldwarii.c.tointroduceyoungtheatregroups. d.toattractgreatartistsfromeurope.原文： in1947agroupoffamouspeoplefromtheartworldheadedbyanaustrianconductordecidedtoholdaninternationalfestivalofmusic,danceandtheatreinedinburgh.theideawastoreuniteeuropeafterthesecondworldwar.4.4【错误选项特点】1.张冠李戴d.herentedastorefrontfordeluca.原文：delucarentedastorefront(店面)inconnecticut,2.把未然说成已然c.hewasstudyingattheuniversityofbridgeport.原文：delucawasmanagingthestoreandgoingtotheuniversityofbridgeportatthesametime.3.过度猜测d.hemadeabreakthroughincomputerengineering.原文：jaekwon,assistantprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringatmu.4.断章取义c.bymovinghishand.原文：tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrighthand.5.与原文意义矛盾a.heneedstogotothedoctoreveryday.原文:thomaswouldneedtoinjecthimselfwithinsulin(胰岛素)threetimesaday【典例分析】1abouttwentyofushadbeenfortunateenoughtoreceiveinvitationstoafilm-studio(影棚)totakepartinacrowd-scene.althoughour"act"wouldlastonlyforashorttime,wecouldseequiteanumberofinterestingthings.weallstoodatthefarendofthestudioasworkmenpreparedthescene,settinguptreesattheedgeofawindingpath.verysoon,brightlightswereturnedonandthebigmovie-camerawaswheeledintoposition.thedirectorshoutedsomethingtothecameraoperatorandthenwenttospeaktothetwofamousactorsnearby.sinceitwashotinthestudio,itcameasasurprisetoustoseeoneoftheactorsputonaheavyovercoatandstartwalkingalongthepath.abigfanbeganblowingtinywhitefeathersdownonhim,andsoonthetreeswerecoveredin"snow".twomorefanswereturnedon,anda"strongwind"blewthroughthetrees.thepicturelookedsorealthatitmadeusfeelcold.thenextscenewasacompletecontrast(比照).thewayitwasfilmedwasquiteunusual.picturestakenonanislandinthepacificwereshownonaglassscreen.anactorandactressstoodinfrontofthescenesothattheylookedasiftheywereatthewater'sedgeonanisland.byasimpletricklikethis,palmtrees,sandybeaches,andblue,clearskieshadbeenbroughtintothestudio!sinceitwasourturnnext,wewereleftwonderingwhatscenewouldbepreparedforus.forafullthreeminutesinourliveswewouldbeexperiencingtheexcitementofbeingfilm"stars"!1.whoistheauthor?a.acameraman. b.afilmdirector.c.acrowd-sceneactor. d.aworkmanforscenesetting.2.whatmadetheauthorfeelcold?a.theheavysnowfall. b.theman-madescene.c.thelowtemperature. d.thefilmbeingshown.3.whatwouldhappeninthe"threeminutes"mentioned,inthelastparagraph?a.anewscenewouldbefilmed. b.morestarswouldactinthefilm.c.theauthorwouldleavethestudio. d.thenextscenewouldbeprepared.2manypeoplebelievehenryfordinventedtheautomobile(汽车).buthenryforddidnotstarttobuildhisfirstcaruntil1896.thatwaselevenyearsaftertwogermansdevelopedtheworld'sfirstautomobile.manypeoplebelievehenryfordinventedtheproductionlinethatmovedacar'spartstotheworker,insteadofmakingtheworkermovetotheparts.thatisnottrue,either.manyfactoryownersusedmethodsofthiskindbeforeford.whathenryforddidwastouseotherpeople'sideasandmakethembetter.andhemadethewholefactoryamovingproductionline.intheearlydaysoftheautomobile,almosteverycarmakerracedhiscars.itwasthebestwayofgainingpublicnotice.henryforddecidedtobuildaracingcar.ford'smostfamousracewashisfirstone.itwasalsothelastraceinwhichhedrovethecarhimself.theracewasin1901,atafieldneardetroit.allofthemostfamouscarshadentered,butonlytwowereleft:thewintonandford's.thewintonwasfamousforitsspeed.mostpeoplethoughttheracewasoverbeforeitbegan.thewintontookanearlylead.buthalfwaythroughtherace,itbegantolosepower.fordstartedtogain.andneartheendoftherace,hetookthelead.fordwontheraceanddefeatedthewinton.hisnameappearedinnewspapersandhebecamewell-knownallovertheunitedstates.withinweeksoftherace,henryfordformedanewautomobilecompany.inthe1903,adoctorindetroitboughtthefirstcarfromthecompany.thatsalewasthebeginningofhenryford'sdream.fordsaid:"iwillbuildamotorcarforthegreatmassofpeople.itwillbelargeenoughforthefamily,butsmallenoughforonepersontooperateandcarefor.itwillbebuiltofthebestmaterials.itwillbebuiltbythebestmentobeemployed.anditwillbebuiltwiththesimplestplansthatmodemengineeringcanproduce.itwillbesolowinpricethatnomanmakinggoodmoneywillbeunabletoownone."themodeltwasacarofthatkind.itonlycost$850.itwasasimplemachinethatdriverscoulddependon.doctorsboughtthemodelt.sodidfarmers.evencriminals.theyconsidereditthefastestandsurestformoftransportation.americanslovedthemodelt.theywrotestoriesandsongsaboutit.thousandsofmodelt'swerebuiltinthefirstfewyears.1.whatdoweknowabouthenryfordfromparagraph1?a.hemadegooduseofideasfromothers.b.heproducedthefirstcarintheworld.c.heknewhowtoimproveautoparts.d.heinventedtheproductionline.2.whydidhenryfordtakepartinthe1901carrace?a.toshowoffhisdrivingskills.b.todrawpublicattention.c.tolearnaboutnewtechnology.d.toraisemoneyforhisnewcompany.3.whatwashenryford'sdreamaccordingtothetext?a.producingcarsforaveragecustomers.b.buildingracingcarsofsimpledesign.c.designingmorecarmodels.d.startingmorecompanies.3thecoalitionforthehomelessisanorganizationthatseekstoaddresstheneedsofthehomelesspopulationintheunitedstates.itisanetworkofoffices,someofwhichprovidefoodandhousesforthehomelesspopulation,andsomeofwhichfightforthepassingoflawsthatofovertwohundredmillionpeoplelivingintheunitedstates,uptothreemillionarehomeless—andthenumberisstillgrowing.sincethelate1970s,fastrisinghouseprices,largecutsingovernmentsupportedhousingprograms,andeconomicrecession(经济衰退)havemadeitimpossibleformanyamericanstomeethousingcosts.sadly,thishasresultedinanumberofpersonsbeingforcedtoleavetheirhomesand/orunabletofindnewaffordablehomes.accordingtoanotherresearch,familieswithchildrenappeartobethefastest-growingpartofthehomelesspopulation,makingup39%ofit.theoldideaofahomelessperson,thatofthesinglemanwhogetsdrunkallthetime,isnolongertrue.amuchlagerpartofthepopulationnowfindsitselfhomeless.evenworse,onceapersonbecomeshomeless,heoftenfindsitimpossibletofindajob,sincemostemployersrequireanyonewhowantsajobfromthemtoprovideahomeaddressonajobapplication.1.homelesspeopleoftenhavedifficultyfindingajobbecause.a.theyhavenohomeaddressesb.theymostlyhaveadrinkingproblemc.theyaren'tsupportedbygovernmentprogramsd.theyoftendon'thaveenoughworkexperience2.whatisthemaincauseoftherisingnumberofthehomelessintheu.s.?a.thepassingofnewhousinglaws.b.thefastgrowthoffamilysize.c.theslowconstructionofhouses.d.theever-risingpriceofhousing.4wheniwassix,dadbroughthomeadogoneday,whowascalled“brownie〞.mybrothersandialllovedbrownieanddiddifferentthingswithher.oreofuswouldwalkher,anotherwouldfeedher,thentherewerebaths,playingcatchandmanyothergames,brownie,inreturn.lovedeachandeveryoneofus.onethingthatmosttouchedmyheartwasthatshewouldgotowhoeverwassickandjustbewiththemwealwaysfeltbetterwhenshewasaround.oneday,asiwasgettingherfood,shechewedup〔咬破〕oneofdad’sshoes,whichhadtobethrownawayintheend.iknewdadwouldbemadandihadtoletherknowwhatshedidwaswrong.whenilookedatherandsaid,“badgirl,〞shelookeddownatthegroundandthenwentandhid.isawatearinhereyes.brownieturnedouttobemorethanjustourfamilypet,shewenteverywherewithus.peoplewouldstopandaskiftheycouldpether.ofcourseshe’dletanyonepether.shewasjustthemostlovabledog.thereweremanytimeswhenwe’dbeoutwalking,andasmallchildwouldcomeoverandpullupherhair.sheneverbarked〔吠〕ortriedtogetaway.funnythingisshewouldsmile.thisfrightenedpeoplebecausetheythoughtshewasshowingherteeth.farfromthetruth,shelovelyeveryone.nowmanyyearshavepassedsincebrowniediedofoldage.istillmissdayswhenshewaswithus.1.whatwouldbrowniedowhensomeonewasillinthefamily?a．lookatthemsadly.b．keepthemcompany.c．playgameswiththem.d．touchthemgently.2.wecaninferfromparagraph2thatbrownie________.a．worldeatanythingwhenhungryb．feltsorryforhermistakec．lovedplayinghide-and-seed．dislikedtheauthor’sdad3.whydoestheauthorsaythatbrowniewasmorethanjustafamilypet?a．shewastreatedasamemberofthefamily.b．sheplayedgameswithanyonesheliked.c．shewaslovedbyeverybodyshemet.d．shewenteverywherewiththefamily.4.somepeoplegotfrightenedbybrowniewhenshe________.a．smiled b．barkedc．rushedtothemd．triedtobefunny5.whichofthefollowingbestdescribesbrownie?a．shyb．polite c．brave d．caring5whenyou’relyingonthewhitesandsofthemexicanriviera,thestresses〔压力〕oftheworldseemamillionmilesaway.hey,stop!thisisnovacation-youhavetofinishsomething!hereliestheproblemfortravelwriterandfoodcritic〔评论家〕,ediejarolim“ialwayslovedtravelingandalwayslikedtoeat,butitneveroccurredtomethaticouldmakemoneydoingbothofthosethings,〞jarolimsaid.nowyoucanreadhertraveladviceeverywhereinartsandantiques,inbrides,orinoneofhertherebooks,thecompleteidiot’stravelguidetomexicanbeachresorts.herjobintravelwritingbegansomeeightyearsago.aftergettingaphdinenglishincanada,shetookatestfrommer’stravelguides,passedit,andgotthejob.afterworkingatfrommer’s,jarolimworkedforawhileatroughguidesinlondon,thenfodor’s,whereshefellsoinlovewithadescriptionofthesouthwestoftheu.s.thatshemovedthere.nowasatravelwriter,shespendsone-thirdofheryearontheroad.therestofthetimeisspentcompletinghertasksandwritingreviewsofrestaurantsathomeintucson,arizona.asadventurousasthejobsounds,thehardpartisfact-checkingalltheinformation.sure,it’sgreattowriteaboutatouristattraction,butyou’dbettergetthelocal〔当地的〕museumhourscorrectoryoucouldreallyruinsomeone’svacation.1.whichcountrydoesjarolimliveinnow?a．mexico b．theu.s. c．theu.k.d．canada2.whatismostdifficultforjarolim?a．workingindifferentplacestocollectinformationb．checkingallthefactstobewrittenintheguidesc．finishingherworkassoonaspossibled．passingatesttowritetravelguides3.whatdoweknowaboutjarolimfromthetext?a．sheissuccessfulinherjobb．shefindsherlifefullofstressesc．shespendshalfofhertimetravelingd．sheisespeciallyinterestedinmuseums4.whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?a．adventuresintravelwriting b．workingasafoodcriticc．travelguidesonthemarket d．vacationingforaliving6sha