山东省潍坊市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末考试英语试题 含解析

试卷类型：A高一英语2024.1注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?A.$5.B.$8.C.$10.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Changingthedate.B.Choosingahotel.C.Bookingaroom.3.What’stheweatherlike?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.4.Whatwillthespeakersdoafterworkingout?A.Haveicecream.B.Buyaswimsuit.C.Drinkcoffee.5.Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A.Playingwithchildren.B.Walkinginthestreet.C.Filmingamovie.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Howdoesthemanfeelabouttheprogram?A.Itisn’tworthwatching.B.Itisn’tthatbad.C.Itisfantastic.7.Whatwillthemandotomorrow?A.Goonabusinesstrip.B.Attendameeting.C.Stayathome.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatistherealpurposeofthesurvey?A.Todoamarketresearch.B.Tointroduceanewproduct.C.Toaskpeopletoapplyforcreditcards.9.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Payforhisshopping.B.Signaform.C.Filloutaform.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10.Whatkindofticketdidthewomanget?A.Asingleticket.B.Areturnticket.C.Aseasonticket.11.Howdidthewomangetthetickettoday?A.FromtheInternet.B.Fromtheticketmachine.C.Fromtheticketoffice.12.Whatisthewomanmostpleasedwithaboutthestation?A.TheWi-Fi.B.Thecafe.C.Theinformationboard.13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisadisadvantageofthestation?A.Thewaitinghallissmall.B.Theparkingisexpensive.C.Theseatsareold.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhendidDietOnTheMovestart?A.In1919.B.In1990.C.In1999.15.Howmanydietplansarethereintheprogram?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.16.Whichdietplanwillthewomanintroducetoherbrother?A.Balance.B.Keto-Carb30.C.Vegetarian.17.WhatcanweknowaboutDietOnTheMove?A.Themealsareaffordable.B.Orderscan’tbecanceled.C.Therearefewon-siteplaces.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhendoesthecastlecloseinJanuary?A.At4:00pm.B.At5:00pm.C.At6:00pm.19.Whatcanvisitorslearnfromthebrochure?A.Thecostofthetickets.B.Thehistoryofthecastle.C.Thearrangementofactivities.20.Whatdomostvisitorsliketodointhecastle?A.Haveapicnic.B.Visitthemuseum.C.Walkaroundthewalls.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhywastetimeandmoneybookingahotelwhenyoucanenjoythebeautifulBritishcountrysideatthesewonderfulmotorhomeandcaravan(旅行拖车)destinationsintheUK.Ferneley’sIceCreamandCafeLocatedbetweenthecoastandthecountryside,thisbeautifullocationoffersabitofeverythingforfamilies,andtheirdogs.WhatmakesFerneley’sstandoutistheirfamilyfarmthatcreatesfreshlocalproduceusingmilkfromtheirowncows.It’salsoagreatchanceforkidstolearnmoreaboutwhatgoesonatafarmandhowtheyraisetheircattle.HalfpennyGreenVineyardProducingprize-winningEnglishwinesforover30years,HalfpennyGreenVineyard,isawine-lover’sfavouriteinthegreenStaffordshirecountryside.Youcanparkupyourcampervanforfreeandtakeaguidedtouraroundthesitewhiletastingtheproduce.Ontopofallthis,thereisawildZoologicalPark,whichishometoawidevarietyofanimals,providinganeducationalexperienceforthewholefamily.FurandFeatherInnThebeautifulWoodfordesBreweryinNorwichissituatedrightnexttotheinn,offeringbookabletoursandprize-winningbeer.Parkupandhavesomerealbeerbeforelyingdownforthenightinthevan.ThebuildingitselfisofBritishstyle,acountrypubintheheartoftheNorfolkBroads.Thisisamust-visitforbeerlovers.RectoryFarmWithamassofparkingspace,alargepick-your-ownfarmwithlargefieldsandawidevarietyoffruitsandvegetablesandachildren’swoodlandplayarea,theRectoryFarmofferstheperfectfamilydayout.It’sevengotalovelyfarmshopwithanoutdoorcafe,soyoucansitandrelaxwithacoffeewhilethekidseattheirfruits.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoinHalfpennyGreenVineyard?A.Makewines. B.Winsomeprizes.C.Learnknowledgeaboutanimals. D.Visitthesiteatwill.2.Whichdestinationistheleastlikelychoiceforfamilieswithkids?A.Ferneley’sIceCreamandCafe. B.HalfpennyGreenVineyard.C.FurandFeatherInn. D.RectoryFarm.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atouristreview. B.Ageographybook.C.Anovel. D.Atravelbrochure.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个英国适合房车旅行的乡村观光目的地。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Ontopofallthis,thereisawildZoologicalPark,whichishometoawidevarietyofanimals,providinganeducationalexperienceforthewholefamily.(除此之外，还有一个野生动物园，里面有各种各样动物，为全家人提供了一个教育体验。)”可知，游客可以在半便士绿色葡萄园中了解动物知识。故选C。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“It’salsoagreatchanceforkidstolearnmoreaboutwhatgoesonatafarmandhowtheyraisetheircattle.(这也是一个很好的机会，让孩子们更多地了解农场发生了什么，以及他们如何养牛。)”，第三段最后一句“Ontopofallthis,thereisawildZoologicalPark,whichishometoawidevarietyofanimals,providinganeducationalexperienceforthewholefamily.(除此之外，还有一个野生动物园，里面有各种各样的动物，为全家人提供了一个教育体验。)”和最后一段第一句“Withamassofparkingspace,alargepick-your-ownfarmwithlargefieldsandawidevarietyoffruitsandvegetablesandachildren’swoodlandplayarea,theRectoryFarmofferstheperfectfamilydayout.(雷克托里农场拥有大量的停车位，一个拥有大片田地和各种水果和蔬菜的大型采摘农场，还有一个儿童林地游乐区，为家庭出游提供了完美的选择。)”可知，其它三个地方都有适合孩子的项目，FurandFeatherInn没有。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“WhywastetimeandmoneybookingahotelwhenyoucanenjoythebeautifulBritishcountrysideatthesewonderfulmotorhomeandcaravan(旅行拖车)destinationsintheUK.(当你可以在英国这些美妙的房车和房车目的地享受美丽的英国乡村时，为什么要浪费时间和金钱预订酒店呢？)”可知，这篇文章可能摘自一个旅行手册。故选D。BIn1943,RomanTotenberg,aviolinist,boughtarare(稀有的)andspecialviolincalledaStradivarius.Itwasmadein1734,inItaly,byAntonioStradivari.Onlyabout600ofhisviolinsarebelievedtostillexist.Theywereregardedastherarestandbestinstrumentsintheworld.Roman’sStradivariuswashismusicalpartnerfor38years.Thenbadluckstruck;theviolinwasstolenfromhisofficeafteraconcertwhilehegreetedwell-wishers.Hewasshockedandupsetbyitsloss.“Yes,it’sabitlikelosingyourarm,”hetoldhisdaughter,Jill.IttookRomanayeartofindandbuyanewviolinasthesizeandtones(音质)ofeachweredifferentfromhis.Hehadtolearnhismusicalpiecesalloveragain!Romankeptplayingintohis90sandtaughtatBostonUniversityuntilhediedin2012,aged101.Hisdaughtersays,“Wewonderedfromtimetotimeiftheviolinwouldsurface,but...Ourmotherandfathertaughtustokeepmovingforwardandnotthinkoverwhatlifethrowsatyou.”In2015,thewifeofthemanwhostoletheviolinwantedtoknowifitwasreallyaStradivarius.Shehadlookedafterhimwhenhewasdyingfromcancerandnowitbelongedtoher.ShetookittomasterviolinmakeranddealerPhillipInjeia.HerecognizeditimmediatelyandcontactedtheFBI.Jill,whoreceivedthecallfromFBI,saidinaninterview,“Isaid,‘Ihavetocallmysisters.I’lltellthemnottogettheirhopesup,’butPhillipInjeiansaid,‘Youdon’thavetodothat.Thisistheviolin.’”Jillsaidtheywouldselltheviolin,nottoacollectorbutsomeonewhowouldplayit.Shesaiditwouldfinallybeinthehandsofanothergreatartistanditsamazingvoicewouldbeheardinconcerthallsaroundthecountry.4.WhydidRomanfeellikehehadlostanarmaftertheviolinwasstolen?A.Itcosthimalotofmoney.B.Ithadservedasausefularm.C.Ithadbeenhismusicalpartner.D.Itwascreatedbyafamousmaker.5.Whatistheturningpointofthisstory?A.TheFBIgotintouchwithJill.B.TheStradivariuswasfoundmissing.C.RomanTotenbergdiedin2012,aged101.D.Theviolinwastakentoamasterviolinmakeranddealer.6.Whywouldthefamilyliketheviolintobeownedbyaviolinist?A.Theyintendedtobecomewell-known.B.Theywantedtosellitatahigherprice.C.TheyhopedtorememberRomanTotenberg.D.TheywishedtomakethemostoftheStradivarius.7WhichwordscanbestdescribePhillipInjeian?A.Expertandconfident. B.Creativeandcareful.C.Learnedandproud. D.Strong-willedandfriendly.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位小提琴家罗曼·托腾伯格在失去一把稀有的斯特拉迪瓦里小提琴后，直到他去世也没有找到。后来小偷的妻子带了小提琴去让小提琴大师和经销商菲利普·英吉亚鉴定真伪，大师联系了他的女儿，她希望它最终能被另一位伟大的艺术家演奏，并被全国的音乐厅听到。这篇文章传达了一个重要的信息：尽管生活中会有挫折和困难，但只要我们不放弃，继续前进，就有可能实现我们的梦想。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Roman’sStradivariuswashismusicalpartnerfor38years.Thenbadluckstruck;theviolinwasstolenfromhisofficeafteraconcertwhilehegreetedwell-wishers.Hewasshockedandupsetbyitsloss.“Yes,it’sabitlikelosingyourarm,”hetoldhisdaughter,Jill.(罗曼斯特拉迪瓦里是他38年的音乐伙伴。然后厄运降临了；小提琴在一场音乐会后从他的办公室被盗，当时他正在向好心人致意。他对它的损失感到震惊和不安。“是的，这有点像失去你的手臂，”他告诉他的女儿吉尔。)”可知小提琴被偷后，罗曼觉得自己失去了一只手臂是因为小提琴是他的音乐伙伴。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段中“In2015,thewifeofthemanwhostoletheviolinwantedtoknowifitwasreallyaStradivarius.Shehadlookedafterhimwhenhewasdyingfromcancerandnowitbelongedtoher.ShetookittomasterviolinmakeranddealerPhillipInjeia.(2015年，偷小提琴的男人的妻子想知道这是否真的是斯特拉迪瓦里。当他死于癌症时，她曾照顾过他，现在它属于她。她把它带到了小提琴大师和经销商菲利普·英吉亚（PhillipInjeia）那里。)”可知这个故事的转折点是这把小提琴被带到一位小提琴制作大师和商人那里。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Jillsaidtheywouldselltheviolin,nottoacollectorbutsomeonewhowouldplayit.Shesaiditwouldfinallybeinthehandsofanothergreatartistanditsamazingvoicewouldbeheardinconcerthallsaroundthecountry.(Jill说他们将出售这把小提琴，不是卖给收藏家，而是卖给一个会弹奏它的人。她说它终将落入另一位伟大艺术家之手，它惊人的音色将在全国的音乐厅中被传颂。)”可知这个家庭希望小提琴归小提琴家所有，是因为他们希望充分利用斯特拉迪瓦里琴。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段中“ShetookittomasterviolinmakeranddealerPhillipInjeia.HerecognizeditimmediatelyandcontactedtheFBI.Jill,whoreceivedthecallfromFBI,saidinaninterview,“Isaid,‘Ihavetocallmysisters.I’lltellthemnottogettheirhopesup,’butPhillipInjeiansaid,‘Youdon’thavetodothat.Thisistheviolin.’”(她把小提琴带给了大师级的小提琴制造商和经销商菲利普·因杰安。他立刻认出了它，并联系了联邦调查局（FBI）。接到FBI的电话的Jill在采访中说：“我说，‘我得给姐妹们打电话，告诉她们不要抱太大希望，’但菲利普·因杰安说，‘你不用这样做。这就是那把小提琴。’”)”可知PhillipInjeian是专业且自信的。故选A项。CIt’sreportedthatabout20percentoftheAmazonrainforesthasdisappearedduringthepast50years.DeforestationisnotonlythreateningthemillionsofuniqueplantandanimalspeciesnativetotheAmazonRiverarea,it’saffectinghumansworldwide.WhenitcomestotheprotectionoftheAmazon,it’shardformanypeopletorelatebecausetheydon’tfeelconnectedtothearea.Thereareactuallyalotofdirectconnections,nomatterhowfarawayweare.Aconnectionthataffectseveryoneontheplanetisclimate(气候)change.PlantingnewtreesintheforestisbasicallyawayofremovingCO2fromtheair.Rainforestshaveacarbon(碳)reductionnearlyequaltohalfofwhatisintheair.AbouthalfofthatisintheAmazon.AnothercaseinpointisabigsnakecalledthebushmasterthatlivesintheAmazon.Today,millionsofpeopleusemedicinesmadefromitsvenom(毒液)totreathighbloodpressure.Sotheyhavelonger,fuller,andmoreproductivelives.Inthe1960s,therewasonlyonehighwayintheentireAmazon.That’sanareaaslargeasthecontinentalUnitedStateswithonehighwayandthreemillionpeople.Today,therearebetween30millionto40millionpeople,countlessroads,andabout20percentforestshavebeencutdown.Butontheplusside,50yearsagotherewereonlytwonationalparksandanationalforestandareserveinBrazil.Today,morethan50percentoftheAmazonisundersomeformofprotection.“There’sbeenalotofdamagedoneandforestlost,butnothingisgoneuntilit’sgone”,notedNationalGeographicexplorerDr.ThomasLovejoy.“Wewanttoseemoresharedplanningbetweenthedepartmentsoftransportation,energy,agriculture,andtheotherindustriesinthearea.WethinkAmazoncitiescanhavehigherqualityoflifeandkeeppeopleinexistingcitiessothere’slessreasontodeforest.”8.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“Deforestation”inparagraph1?A.Plantingmoretrees. B.Destroyingtheforests.C.Protectingthespecies. D.Pollutingtherivers.9.WhatmightthepartiallossoftheAmazonrainforestleadto?A.Theincreaseofextremeweather. B.TheremovalofCO2.C.Morepeoplewithhighbloodpressure. D.Theovergrowthofthebushmaster.10.Howdoesparagraph3mainlydevelop?A.Bymakingcomparisons. B.Bylistingreasons.C.Byexplainingadefinition. D.Bymakingasummary.11.WhatisDr.Thomas’attitudetowardsthefutureoftheAmazonrainforest?A.Doubtful. B.Worried. C.Positive. D.Uncaring.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了亚马逊雨林的砍伐和保护问题。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“It’sreportedthatabout20percentoftheAmazonrainforesthasdisappearedduringthepast50years.(据报道，在过去的50年里，大约20%的亚马逊雨林已经消失了)”可知，在过去的50年里，大约20%的亚马逊雨林已经消失了，说明亚马逊雨林的森林遭到了破坏。故划线词意思是“破坏森林”。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“AnothercaseinpointisabigsnakecalledthebushmasterthatlivesintheAmazon.Today,millionsofpeopleusemedicinesmadefromitsvenom(毒液)totreathighbloodpressure.Sotheyhavelonger,fuller,andmoreproductivelives.(另一个例子是生活在亚马逊的一种叫做巨蝮的大蛇。今天，数百万人使用由它的毒液制成的药物来治疗高血压。所以他们的生活更长、更充实、更有成效)”可知，亚马逊雨林的部分损失可能会导致更多人得高血压。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Inthe1960s,therewasonlyonehighwayintheentireAmazon.That’sanareaaslargeasthecontinentalUnitedStateswithonehighwayandthreemillionpeople.Today,therearebetween30millionto40millionpeople,countlessroads,andabout20percentforestshavebeencutdown.Butontheplusside,50yearsagotherewereonlytwonationalparksandanationalforestandareserveinBrazil.Today,morethan50percentoftheAmazonisundersomeformofprotection.(20世纪60年代，整个亚马逊地区只有一条高速公路。这是一个和美国大陆一样大的地区，有一条高速公路和300万人口。今天，这里有3000万到4000万人口，无数的道路，大约20%的森林被砍伐。但好的一面是，50年前，巴西只有两个国家公园，一个国家森林和一个保护区。今天，超过50%的亚马逊雨林处于某种形式的保护之下)”可知，第3段主要是通过比较展开。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Wewanttoseemoresharedplanningbetweenthedepartmentsoftransportation,energy,agriculture,andtheotherindustriesinthearea.WethinkAmazoncitiescanhavehigherqualityoflifeandkeeppeopleinexistingcitiessothere’slessreasontodeforest.(我们希望看到交通、能源、农业和该地区其他行业部门之间有更多的共享规划。我们认为亚马逊城市可以拥有更高的生活质量，让人们留在现有的城市，这样就没有理由砍伐森林了)”可推知，托马斯博士对亚马逊雨林的未来持积极态度。故选C。DWhilescreentimeisknowntoaffectsleep,newresearchsuggeststhatinteractive(互动的)activities,suchastextingfriendsorplayingvideogames,putoffandreducethetimespentasleeptoagreaterdegreethanpassive(被动的)screentimelikewatchingtelevision,especiallyforteens.Theteamstudiedthedaytimescreen-basedactivitiesof475teenagersusingdailysurveys.Theyaskedtheteenshowmanyhourstheyhadspentthatdaycommunicatingwithfriendsthroughsocialmediaandhowmanyhourstheyspentplayingvideogamessurfingtheinternetandwatchingtelevisionorvideos.Finally,theresearchersaskediftheyhadjoinedinanyoftheseactivitiesinthehourbeforebed.Next,theteammeasuredtheirsleeptimeforoneweek.Theresearchersfoundthattheteensspentanaverageoftwohoursperdaycommunicatingwithfriendsviasocialmedia,about1.3hoursplayingvideogames,lessthananhoursurfingtheinternetandabout1.7hourswatchingtelevisionorvideos.Foreveryhourthroughoutthedaythattheyusedscreenstocommunicatewithfriends,theyfellasleepabout11minuteslateraveragely.Foreveryhourtoplayvideogames,theyfellasleepabout9minuteslater.Thosewhotalked,textedorplayedgamesinthehourbeforebedlostthemostsleep:about30minuteslater.Interestingly,David,leadauthorofthestudy,saidtheteamfoundnoobviousrelationsbetweenpassivescreen-basedactivitiesandsleep.“Itcouldbethatpassiveactivitiesarelessmentallyexcitingthaninteractiveactivities,”saidAnne,co-authorofthestudy.“It’satrickysituation,”shesaid.“Thesescreentoolsarereallyimportanttoeveryonenowadays,soit’shardtoputalimitonthem,butifyou’rereallylookingoutforateenager’shealthandwell-being,youmightconsiderlimitingthemoreinteractiveactivities,especiallyinthehourbeforebed.”12.Whichofthefollowingbelongstointeractivescreenactivities?A.Seeingmovies. B.Watchingvideos.C.Textingfriends. D.Surfingtheinternet.13.Whomightlosethemostsleepaccordingtothetext?A.Lucywhowatchedathree-hourmoviebeforegoingtobed.B.Jackwhohada30-minutevideochatwithhisbrotherbeforebed.C.Samwhoplayedcomputergamesfortwohoursthroughouttheday.D.AmywhochattedwithherfriendsonWeChatforonehourinthemorning.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tricky”meaninparagraph4?A.Frightening. B.Awkward. C.Hopeless. D.Encouraging.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ScreentimeactivitiescutdownoursleephoursB.InteractivescreenusereducessleeptimeinteenagersC.PassivescreenuseisbetterthaninteractivescreenuseD.Parentsshouldpreventchildrenfromusingsocialmedia【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了与被动屏幕时间相比，互动性活动，如与朋友发短信或玩视频游戏，对睡眠的影响更大，尤其是对青少年而言。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Whilescreentimeisknowntoaffectsleep,newresearchsuggeststhatinteractive(互动的)activities,suchastextingfriendsorplayingvideogames,putoffandreducethetimespentasleeptoagreaterdegreethanpassive(被动的)screentimelikewatchingtelevision,especiallyforteens.(虽然看屏幕的时间会影响睡眠，但新的研究表明，互动活动，如给朋友发短信或玩电子游戏，比看电视等被动屏幕时间更能推迟和减少睡眠时间，尤其是对青少年来说)”可知，给朋友发短信属于交互式屏幕活动。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thosewhotalked,textedorplayedgamesinthehourbeforebedlostthemostsleep:about30minuteslater.(那些在睡前一小时聊天、发短信或玩游戏的人失眠最严重：大约30分钟后才入睡)”可知，杰克在睡觉前和他哥哥视频聊了30分钟可能会失去最多的睡眠。故选B。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Thesescreentoolsarereallyimportanttoeveryonenowadays,soit’shardtoputalimitonthem,butifyou’rereallylookingoutforateenager’shealthandwell-being,youmightconsiderlimitingthemoreinteractiveactivities,especiallyinthehourbeforebed.”可知，这些屏幕工具现在对每个人都非常重要，所以很难限制它们，但如果你真的关心青少年的健康和幸福，你可能会考虑限制更多的互动活动，尤其是在睡觉前的一个小时。结合上文提到睡前看手机会导致失眠，可知这是一个难处理的的情况。故划线词意思是“难处理的”。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Whilescreentimeisknowntoaffectsleep,newresearchsuggeststhatinteractive(互动的)activities,suchastextingfriendsorplayingvideogames,putoffandreducethetimespentasleeptoagreaterdegreethanpassive(被动的)screentimelikewatchingtelevision,especiallyforteens.(虽然看屏幕的时间会影响睡眠，但新的研究表明，互动活动，如给朋友发短信或玩电子游戏，比看电视等被动屏幕时间更能推迟和减少睡眠时间，尤其是对青少年来说)”结合文章主要说明了与被动屏幕时间相比，互动性活动，如与朋友发短信或玩视频游戏，对睡眠的影响更大，尤其是对青少年而言。可知，B选项“互动屏幕的使用减少了青少年的睡眠时间”最符合文章标题。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Readingisahealthyhabitthateveryoneshoulddevelopfromchildhoodbecauseofthebenefitsthatcomewithit.____16____Therefore,takeyourtimeandstartbyreadingslowly.Thefollowingwilldiscusstheeffectsofnotreadingbooks,soyoucanbasicallyconsiderandjudgewhereyouareandunderstandhowreadingcanbebeneficial.____17____Peoplewhodon’treadanddon’tliketoreadfindithardertolearnthanpeoplewhoactuallyread.Forexample,moststudentswhofailtodevelopareadinghabitfinditdifficulttogetthroughschool.Thisthenleadstostudentsdroppingout,whichisbadforsociety.Readingisahabitthatstrengthensthebrainanddevelopsyourinbornloveofwantingtolearnmore.Therefore,notbeingaddictedtobooksclosesyouofffromthis.Narrowmindedness.Readingavarietyofbooksbroadensthereaders’mind.Mostpeoplewhodon’treadhaveacertainnarrowmindednesstothemthatcaneasilybenoticed.____18____Whenyoudon’tread,you’reforcedtotakeeverythingatfacevalueandthencreateandshapeyourviewsinthisway.Lowbrainpower.Oneadvantageofreadingisitsabilitytoimprovebrainfunction.Readingcanhelppeoplebecomebetterthinkersandusebrainsmoreeffectively.Peoplewhodon’treadusuallyhavelowbrainpowerbecausetheydon’texercisethebrainasmuchasreadersdo.____19____Poorimagination.Readingbooksallowsyoutotapintoyourimaginativepower.____20____Thisisimportantbecauseitexpands(拓展)yourthoughtprocessaswellastheabilitytounderstand.Peoplewhodon’treadbooksusuallyareshortoftheinspirationnecessarytocreateimagination.Thismakesitdifficulttobecreative.A.Learningdifficulty.B.Thereasonforthisissimple.C.Suchexercisestrengthensthebrain.D.Inabilitytofullyunderstandtheworld.E.Itthenmakesyoupicturewhatyouread.F.Itisdevelopedslowlyjustasanyhabitwould.G.Theabilitytoreadisimportantintoday’sworld.【答案】16.F17.A18.B19.C20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要以“阅读是一个对人有益处的好习惯”为核心，从其益处的对立面出发，比如“学习困难”，“思想狭隘”，“脑力低下”以及“想象力匮乏”等方面具体阐述阅读给人带来的好处。【16题详解】根据前文“Readingisahealthyhabitthateveryoneshoulddevelopfromchildhoodbecauseofthebenefitsthatcomewithit.(阅读是一种健康的习惯，每个人都应该从小养成，因为它带来了好处。)”提及了主题“Readinghabit(阅读习惯)”可推知，设空句应以此话题继续讲述，同时结合后文“Therefore,takeyourtimeandstartbyreadingslowly.(因此，慢慢来，慢慢地开始阅读。)”强调了“慢慢养成”，由此可推知，设空句解释为什么慢慢养成。选项F“Itisdevelopedslowlyjustasanyhabitwould.(就像任何习惯一样，它是慢慢形成的。)”解释了原因“它和任何习惯一样是慢慢形成的”，可与后文构成因果关系，且“It”指代前文主题“阅读习惯”，前后衔接紧密。故选F项。【17题详解】分析可知，设空为该部分小标题，应是该部分的主旨核心内容。根据后文“Peoplewhodon’treadanddon’tliketoreadfindithardertolearnthanpeoplewhoactuallyread.Forexample,moststudentswhofailtodevelopareadinghabitfinditdifficulttogetthroughschool.(不读书也不喜欢读书的人比真正读书的人更难学习。例如，大多数没有养成阅读习惯的学生发现很难完成学业。)”可知，该部分主要以“不会阅读就会出现学习困难”为话题进行了解释。选项A“Learningdifficulty.(学习困难。)”贴合该部分核心内容。故选A项。【18题详解】分析可知，前文“Mostpeoplewhodon’treadhaveacertainnarrowmindednesstothemthatcaneasilybenoticed.(大多数不读书的人都有一种很容易被注意到的狭隘的思想。)”提出了一个现象“大多数不读书的人会思想狭隘”，后文“Whenyoudon’tread,you’reforcedtotakeeverythingatfacevalueandthencreateandshapeyourviewsinthisway.(当你不阅读时，你就被迫从表面上看待一切，然后以这种方式创造和塑造你的观点。)”解释了这一现象产生的原因：不阅读只能看到事物的表面，从而产生狭隘的表面性观点和思维。由此可推知，前后文之间的设空句应是过渡句，且引出后文原因。选项B“Thereasonforthisissimple.(原因很简单)”的主语“Thereason”呼应后文内容，且在表述上可作为过渡句连接前后文。故选B项。【19题详解】根据前文“Oneadvantageofreadingisitsabilitytoimprovebrainfunction.Readingcanhelppeoplebecomebetterthinkersandusebrainsmoreeffectively.(阅读的一个好处是它能改善大脑功能。阅读可以帮助人们成为更好的思考者，更有效地使用大脑。)”可知，该部分强调的是阅读可以改善大脑功能，可以锻炼大脑。由此可推知，设空句作为该部分末尾句，应再次提到此核心内容，呼应主旨。选项C“Suchexercisestrengthensthebrain.(这样的锻炼可以增强大脑。)”在句意上再次呼应主旨，“Suchexercise”指代前文“exercisethebrainasmuchasreadersdo(像读者那样锻炼大脑)”，前后衔接紧密。故选C项。【20题详解】根据前文“Readingbooksallowsyoutotapintoyourimaginativepower.(读书可以让你发挥想象力。)”提到读书可以让人发挥想象力，由此推知，设空句具体解释“读书带来的想象力如何体现”。选项E“Itthenmakesyoupicturewhatyouread.(然后它会让你想象你所读的东西。)”中“想象所读的东西或内容”就是体现。故选E项。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AsHalleegetstothefinishlineofthe800-metrerunforkids,thecrowdischeeringwildly.It’s____21____forsomeonewhowasn’tevenexpectedtowalk.Halleewasbornwithspinabifida(脊柱裂).“Ourheart____22____whenlearningaboutHallee’scondition,”saidherparents.However,determinedtokeep____23____,theyputonabraveface.Halleealsohadagoodmodel:atwinsister,Jada,whomshewas____24____tokeepupwith.Hallee____25____alot,fromseveralsurgeries(外科手术)tohowtowalkwiththehelpofAFOs(ankle-footorthoses).OnceHalleestartedwalkingonherownatthree,herdeterminationtokeepupwithJadaonlygrew____26____.Whenthetwinswerefive,Jadadecidedthatshewantedtobea(n)____27____.HerparentssignedherupforLittleAthletics,atrack-and-fieldorganisationforchildren.AfterwatchingJada’sfirsttrainingperiod,Hallee____28____herparentsandsaid,“Icandothat,too.Signmeup.”“Wouldsheevenbeableto____29____?Halleedoesn’thavefeelinginherwaist(腰)andlowerlegs,”thoughtherDad,Gavin.____30____,Hallee’sparentshadsuchstrongbeliefinherthattheysignedherup.Hallee’srunningwasn’twithoutitschallenges.Herlegsachedbadlyduringandafterraces,andshe____31____peoplewouldlaughather.Herparentshelpedherworkthroughher____32____byattendingallherevents.Infact,nobodylaughed;peoplewereshockedather____33____.Whenaskedwhatshewould____34____tootherchildren,Halleeofferedtwopowerfulsuggestions:“Don’t____35____whenpeoplesayyoucan’tdosomething.Andtryyourbest.”21.A.amazing B.funny C.embarrassing D.natural22.A.melted B.broke C.stopped D.opened23.A.waiting B.changing C.going D.thinking24.A.aware B.eager C.afraid D.unable25.A.suffered B.searched C.spoke D.read26.A.harder B.better C.stronger D.heavier27.A.designer B.engineer C.boxer D.runner28.A.calmeddown B.turneddown C.referredto D.turnedto29.A.run B.walk C.jump D.dance30.A.Instead B.However C.So D.Besides31.A.feared B.learned C.accepted D.forgot32.A.confusion B.curiosity C.confidence D.anxiety33.A.determination B.creativity C.hobby D.imagination34.A.bring B.say C.write D.add35.A.compete B.cheat C.listen D.improve【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.B25.A26.C27.D28.D29.A30.B31.A32.D33.A34.B35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了女孩哈莉生来就患有脊柱裂，行走困难。但是为了赶上自己的姐姐，哈莉选择参加跑步，并且以巨大的决心完成了800米赛跑。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于一个甚至都不会走路的人来说，这太了不起了。A.amazing了不起的；B.funny有趣的；C.embarrassing令人尴尬的；D.natural自然的。根据上文“AsHalleegetstothefinishlineofthe800-metrerunforkids,thecrowdischeeringwildly.(当哈莉跑到儿童800米赛跑的终点线时，人群疯狂地欢呼起来)”可知，哈莉跑完了800米，对于一个甚至都不会走路的人来说，这太了不起了。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的父母说：“得知哈莉的情况后，我们都心碎了。A.melted融化；B.broke破碎，打破；C.stopped停止；D.opened打开。根据上文“Halleewasbornwithspinabifida.(哈莉生来就患有脊柱裂)”指父母了解了孩子的情况后，心都碎了。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，决心继续前进，他们装出一副勇敢的样子。A.waiting等待；B.changing改变；C.going去；D.thinking思考。根据后文“theyputonabraveface”可知，父母虽然因为女儿的情况感到难过心碎，但是为了继续让生活进行下去，他们装出一副勇敢的样子。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：哈莉也有一个很好的榜样：她的双胞胎姐姐贾达，她渴望跟上她的步伐。A.aware意识到的；B.eager渴望的；C.afraid害怕的；D.unable不能的。根据上文“Halleealsohadagoodmodel”和后文“tokeepupwith”可知，Hallee渴望跟上姐姐的脚步。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从几次手术到如何在AFO（踝足矫形器）的帮助下行走，Hallee遭受了很多痛苦。A.suffered遭受；B.searched搜索；C.spoke说话；D.read阅读。根据后文“fromseveralsurgeriestohowtowalkwiththehelpofAFOs(ankle-footorthoses)”可知，Hallee做了手术，还要佩戴矫形器，遭受了很多痛苦。故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：哈莉三岁开始自己走路后，她想要跟上贾达的决心越来越强。A.harder更难的；B.better更好的；C.stronger更强壮的；D.heavier更沉重的。根据上文“OnceHalleesta