2018年高考英语全国卷3真题及答案

2018年高考英语全国卷 3真题本试卷分第I卷（选择题和第II卷（非选择题两部分。考试结束后，只交答题卡。第I卷TOC\o"1-5"\h\z注意事项 :.答第I卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。.选出每小题答案后 ,填到答题卡上 ,不能答在本试卷上 ,否则无效。第一部分阅读理解 （共两节 ,满分 40分第一节 （共 15小题 ;每小题 2分,满分 30分阅读下列短文 ,从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中 ,选出最佳选项。AWelcometoHolkerHall&GardensVisitorInformationHowtogettoHolkerByCar:FollowbrownsignsanA590fromJB6,M6.Approximatetraveltimes:Windermere-20minutes,Kendal-25minutes,Lancaster-45minutes,Manchester-Ihour30minutes.ByRail:TheneareststationisCark-in-CartmelwithtrainstoCarnforth,LancasterPrestonforconnectionstomajorcities&airports.OpeningTimesSunday--Friday（closedonSaturday11:00am-4:00pm,30March-2ndNovember.AdmissionChargesHall&GardensGardensAdults:12.00800Groups:9£05.50SpecialeventsProducers’Market13thAprilJoinustotasteavarietyoffreshlocalfoodanddrinks.Meettheproducersandgetsomeexcellentrecipeideas.HolkerGardenFestival30thMayTheeventcelebrateits22ndanniversarywithagreatshowoftheverybestofgardening,makingitoneofthemostpopulareventsingardening.NationalGardenDay28thAugustHolkeronceagainopensisgardensinaidofthedisadvantaged.Forjustasmalldonationyoucantakeatourwithourgardenguide.WinterMarket8thNovemberThisisaneventforallthefamily.Wanderamongavarietyofshopssellinggiftswhileenjoyingalivemusicshowandnicestreetentertainment..HowlongdoesitprobablytakeatouristtodrivetoHolkerfromManchester?20minutes.25minutes.45minutes.90minutes..HowmuchshouldamemberofatourgrouppaytovisittoHall&Gardens?12.00.9.00.C.8.00D.5.50.Whicheventwillyougotoifyouwanttoseealivemusicshow?A.Producers'Market.HolkerGardenFestival.NationalGardenDay.D.WinterMarket.BCitiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmappedwilderness优里子.Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30,000.DawsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnow-coveredmountainsandsailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers.ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarming.Anavalanche（雪崩onceclosedthepath,killing63people.FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasnevercomfortable.Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.Today,peoplestillcomeandgo—toseewheretheCanadiangoldrushhappened.TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawsonCity—itspresentpopulationis762.WhatattractedtheearlysettlerstoNewYorkCity?Itsbusinessculture.Itssmallpopulation.Itsgeographicalposition.D.Itsfavourableclimate.WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?Two-thirdsofthemstayedthere.Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich.Almosteveryonegaveup.D.Halfofthemdied.WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?A.Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.Theywereunabletostandthewinter.D.Theywereshortoffood.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?Theriseandfallofacity.ThegoldrushinCanada.Journeysintothewilderness.TourisminDawson.CWhilefamousforeignarchitectsareinvitedtoleadthedesignsoflandmarkbuildingsinChinasuchasthenewCCTVtowerandtheNationalCenterforthePerformingArts,manyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreateffortstotakethecenterstage.Theireffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28.HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward.WangservesasheadoftheArchitectureDepartmentattheChinaAcademyofArt(CAA.HisofficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus^园oftheuniversityinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreations.ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.Manyvisitorswereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.ThecurvesM线ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferentages.Heaskedtheworkerstousetraditionaltechniquestomakethebricksintowalls,roofsandcorridors.ThiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements(fi素.Wang’sworksshowadeepudnerstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftraditions.Throughsuchabalance,hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture,saidTadaoAndo,thewinnerofthe1995PritzkerPrize.Wangbelievestraditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxesatmuseums."Thatisonlyevidencethattraditionsonceexisted,"hesaid."ManyChinesepeoplehaveamisunderstandingoftraditions.Theythinktraditionmeansoldthingsfromthepast.Infact,traditionalsoreferstothethingsthathavebeendevelopingandthatarestillbeingcreated,"hesaid."Today,manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheoriesratherthanfocusingonChinesetraditions.Manypeopletendtotalkabouttraditionswithoutknowingwhattheyreallyare,"saidWang.Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbecombinedwithpractice.Otherwise,therecreationoftraditionswouldbeartificialandempty,hesaid.Wang’swinningoftheprizemeansthatChinesearchitectsare .followingthelatestworldtrendgettinginternationalrecognitionworkingharderthaneverbeforerelyingonforeignarchitectsWhatimpressedvisitorstotheCAAXiangshancampusmost?Itshillyenvironment.Itslargesize.Itsuniquestyle.Itsdiversefunctions.WhatmadeWang’sarchitecturaldesignasuccess?Themixtureofdifferentshapes.ThebalanceofEastandWest.Theuseofpopulartechniques.Theharmonyofoldandnew.WhatshouldwedoaboutChinesetraditionsaccordingtoWang?Spreadthemtotheworld.Preservethematmuseums.Teachtheminuniversities.Recreatetheminpractice.DAdultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.Whydoweoftenassumethatmoreismorewhenitcomestokidsandtheirbelongings?ThegoodnewsisthatIcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.Ifoundthepre-holidaysagoodtimetoencourageyoungchildrentodonateless-usedthings,anditworked.Becauseofourefforts,ourdaughterGeorgiadiddecidetodonatealargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemotherwasunabletopayforherholidayduetoillness.Shechosetosellafewlargerobjectsthatwerelessoftenusedwhenwepromisedtoputthemoneyintoherschoolfund墓金（ourkindergartendaughterisseriousaboutbecomingadoctor.Forweeks,I'vebeenthinkingofbigger,deeperquestions:Howdowemakeitahabitforthem?Andhowdowetrainourselvestohelpthemlivewith,need,anduseless?Yesterday,Isatwithmyson,Shepherd,determinedtotestmyowntheoryonthis.Idecidedtoplaywithhimwithonlyonetoyforaslongasitwouldkeephisinterest.Iexpectedthatonetoywouldkeephisattentionforaboutfiveminutes,tenminutes,max.Ichosearedrubberball-simple,universallyavailable.Wepassedit,hetriedtoputitinhismouth,hetriedbouncingit,rollingit,sittingonit,throwingit.Itwastotally,completelyenoughforhim.BeforeIknewitanhourhadpassedanditwastimetomoveontolunch.Webothbecameabsorbedinthesimplicityofplayingtogether.HehadmyfullattentionandIhadhis.Mylittleexperimenttofindjoyinasingleobjectworkedforbothofus.Whatdothewords“moreismore”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Themore,thebetter.Enoughisenough.Moremoney,moreworries.Earnmoreandspendmore.13.WhatmadeGeorgiaagreetosellsomeofherobjects?SavingupforherholidayRaisingmoneyforapoorgirlAddingthemoneytoherfundGivingthemoneytoasickmother14.WhydidtheauthorplaytheballwithShepherd?TotryoutanideaToshowaparent'sloveTotrainhisattentionTohelphimstartahobby15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TakeItorLeaveItB.ALessonfromKidsLiveMorewithLessThePleasureofGiving第二节（共5小题 ;每小题 2分,满分 10分根据短文内容 ,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beforetherewasthewrittenword,therewasthelanguageofdance.Danceexpressesloveandhate,joyandsorrow,lifeanddeath,andeverythingelseinbetween.16WedancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromnorthtosouthandseatosea.Wedanceatweddings,birthdays,officepartiesandjusttofillthetime.coawna't.Iadoredancing,”saysLesterBridges,theownerofadancestudio“inIIimaginedoinganythingelsewithmylife."Bridgesrunsdanceclassesforallages."Teachingdanceiswonderful.17It'sgreattowatchthem.Formanyofthem,it'sawayofmeetingpeopleandhavingasociallife."coawna't.18"Icantellyouaboutoneyoungcouple,"saysBridges.“They'relearningtodotraditionaldances.Theyarriveattheclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile.19So,dowedanceinordertomakeourselvesfeelbetter,calmer,healthier?AndreaHilliersays,“Dance,likheetpatternofabeatingheart,islife.Evenafteralltheseyears,Iwanttogetbetterandbetter.20Ifindithardtostop!DancingremindsmeI'malive."Sowhydowedance?DanceintheU.S.iseverywhere.Ifyoulikedancingoutdoors,cometoAmerica.Myolderstudentssayitmakesthemfeelyoung.E.IkeeppracticingevenWhenI'mextremelytired.F.Dancingseemstochangetheirfeelingcompletely.G.Theystayedupallnightlongsinginganddancing.第二部分 语言知识运用 （共两节，满分 45分第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 30分阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以 填入空白处的最佳选项。 Whenmostofusgetatextmessageonourcellphonefromanunknownperson,weusuallys＂aysorry,21number!＂andmoveon.ButwhenDennisWilliams22atextthatclearlywasn’titnendedforhim,hedidsomething23.OnMarch19,Dennisgotagrouptext24himthatacouplehedidn’tknowwereatthehospital,waitingforthe25o＂fababy.Congratulations!ButIthinksomeonewasmistaken＂,Dennis26.Thebabywasbornandupdatetextswere27quicklyfromtheoverjoyedgrandmother,Teresa.Inher28,shedidn’tseemtorealizethatshewas29thebaby ’sphotoswithac＂omWpelellt,estranger.Idon’t30youallbutIwillgettheretotakepictureswiththeba＂by,repliedDennisbeforeaskingwhichroomthenew31werein.Muchtothefamily ’ssurprise,Dennisstucktohis32!Heturnedupatthehospital33giftsforthenewmotherLindseyandherbabyboy.Lindsey’shusbandwastotally34bytheunexpecte＂dIvidsoitn.’tinthkwewouldhaverandomlyinvitedhimoverbutwe35itandthegifts.＂Teresa36aphotoofthechancemeetingonasocialnetworkingwebsite37bythetouchingwords＂:Whata38thisyoungmanwastoourfamily!Hewasso39andkindtodothis＂.Theposthassincegainedthe40ofsocialmediausersallovertheworld,receivingmorethan184,000sharesand61,500likesinjustthreedays.21.A.unlucky22.A.received23.A.reasonable24.A.convincing25.A.wake-up26.A.responded27.A.comingin28.A.opinionB.secretB.translatedB.specialB.remindingB.recoveryB.interruptedB.settingoutB.anxietyC.newC.copiedC.necessaryC.informingC.growthC.predictedC.passingdownC.excitementD.wrongD.printedD.practicalD.warningD.arrivalD.repeatedD.movingaroundD.effort29.A.comparing30.A.accept31.A.parents32.A.dream33.A.bearing34.A.discouraged35.A.admit36.A.found37.A.confirmed38.A.pity39.A.smart40.A.sympathyB.exchangingB.knowB.doctorsB.promiseB.collectingB.relaxedB.needB.selectedB.simplifiedB.blessingB.calmB.attentionC.discussingC.believeC.patientsC.agendaC.openingC.astonishedC.appreciateC.developedC.clarifiedC.reliefC.sweetC.controlD.sharingD.botherD.visitorsD.principleD.makingD.defeatedD.expectD.postedD.accompaniedD.problemD.fairD.trustl二节（共10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I'mnotsure41ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla（大猩猩）thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.I'mwalkingonapathintheforestintheCentralAfricanRepublic.Unexpectedly,I'mface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat42topofherlungs.Thatmakesherbabyscream,andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe43（loudofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid44（lookdirectlyint