高考英语：必修1+Unit+4+Earthquakes+Word版含答案

高中英语讲义高中英语讲义只要坚持梦想早晚会实现 只要坚持梦想早晚会实现 二百两语Nowmoreandmorepeoplebecomeawarethatthosedisastershavemuchtodowithwhatwehavedonetotheearth.Becauseof/Asaresultof/Thankstothehelpofthearmy,peoplewhogotinjuredweresenttothehospitalimmediately.Inthemeantime,peoplenationwidearetakinganactivepartinraising.尽管如此，政府还是号召全国支持被这次最严重的大灾难袭击的地区。Inspiteofthis,thegovernmentcalledonthewholenationtosupporttheareahitbytheworstdisaster.止匕外，市政府及时米取各种紧急的措施解救被雪灾困住的群众，确保一切尽快恢复正常。Besidesthecitygovernmenttookall

fundsforthedisasterarea/peoplekindsofurgentmeasurestorescuethenationwideareactivelydonatingmoneypeopletrappedinthesnowstormtotothedisasterareaensurethateverythingwouldreturntonormalassoonaspossible［单词拼写应用］核

心单

词burstvi.核

心单

词burstvi.爆裂；爆发n.突然破裂；爆发disastern.灾难；灾祸rescuen.&vt.援救；营救buryvt.埋葬;掩埋；隐藏destroyvt.破坏;毁坏；消灭damagen.&vt.损失；损害ruinn.废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产trapvt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境electricityn.电；电流；电学sincerelyadv.真诚地；真挚地［语境运用］用所给词的适当形式填空Theearthquakewassobigthatmostofthehousesinthesmallvillagewerecompletelydestroyed(destroy.(湖d匕卷)Rightafterhewas_rescuec(rescuebythesoldiersfromtheruins,hesalutedandsmiledtothem.Withsomanyminersburied(bury)underthemine,noneoftherescueworkerswouldstoptohavearest.Ifithadn'tbeenforyourtimelyhelp,wewould_be_trapped(trap)inadilemmanow.5._Disaster^disastersuchasearthquakesandfloodsarenotcausedbyhumanbeings.拓展单词extremeadj.极度的fextremelyadv.极度地judgen.裁判员；法目vt.断止；判断；判次fjudgementn.思见；判断力；审判injurevt.损害；伤害一injuryn.伤害；损害-injuredadj.受伤的nationn.民族；国豕； 国民一nationaladj.国家的； 民族的frightenvt.使惊吓；吓唬一frightenedadj.受惊的；受恐吓的ffrighteningadj.令人恐惧的congratulatevt.祝贺一congratulationn.祝贺；（复数）贺词dirtn.污垢；泥土—dirtyadj.脏的；肮脏的suffervt.&vi.遭受；忍受一sufferingn.古难；疝占一sufferern.患者；受害者shockvt.&vi.（使）震惊;震动n.休克；打出；震惊一shockingadj.令人震惊的一shockedadj.震惊［语境运用］用所给词的适当形式填空Thegirlwasalmostfrightenedtodeathwhenshesawthefrighteningscene(frighten)Theheadmasterwrotealettertocongratulateheronhergoodperformanceandtheexcitingcongratulationsencouragedhergreatly.(congratulateJudgingfromhislooks,hemustbeanhonestman.Onthecontrary,heoftenrobsandsteals,sothejudgepointsoutthatamanshouldnotbejudgedbyhisappearancefjudge)Wewereshockedattheshockingnewsthathediedsuddenlyyesterday(shock)Intheterriblecrashoftheschoolbus,manychildrenwereinjured,andevensomesufferedsevereinjuriestotheirheadsandarms.Theinjuredwererushedtothenearesthospital.(injure)

的10.survivevt.&vi.幸存；幸免于一survivorn.幸存者；生还者；残存物阅读单词canaln.运河；水道sheltern.掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处eventn.事件；大事outlinen.要点；大纲；轮廓headlinen.报刊的大字标题trackn.轨道；足迹；痕迹welln.主pipen.管；导管steamn.蒸汽；水汽quaken.震动；地震crackn.裂缝；嚅啪声vt.&vi.（使）开裂；破裂smellyadj.发臭的；有臭味的damn.水坝；堰堤minen.矿；矿山；回井barn.条；棒；条状物（2019•全国卷I）Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s.跟踪（进展情况）（2017•全国卷H）Wewererespectfulofcraftandfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.刻苦钻研；研究（重庆卷）Hehadarealgiftforhandlingchoresshelteringmefromunpleasantrepairjobs.使免于；庇护［短语多维应用］高频短语rightaway立亥U；马上inruins严重受损;破败不堪a（great）numberof许多；大量的judgingfrom从 判断betrappedin陷入［语境运用］（填入一个适当的词）①Agreatnumberoffirefightersweresenttothesceneright②away.Thefirespreadsoquicklythatthebuildinglay@jnruinsinnotime.Judging④fromthesituation,manypeopleweretrapped@jnthefire.Thefirefightersdidalltheycouldtoputoutthefireandtriedtocarrythetrappedpeopleout.thinklittle/nothingof认为没什么了不起atanend结束;终结digout掘出；发现beproudof以而自蒙beburiedin埋头于［语境运用］（填入一个适当的词）Ipaidavisittomycousinbeforemyholidaywasnearly⑥at_anendWhenIcamein,hewasburied⑦inreviewinghislessonsinhisstudy.Hegotgoodgradesinthefinalexamandhisparentswereproud⑧qfhim.However,hethoughtnothing⑨10fwhathehadachieved.［句式结构仿写］

教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.too...to...思为太 而不能……”，表示否定意义Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat（2018•北京卷）正如谚语所说，活到老学到老。Asthesayinggoes“Oneisnevertoooldtolearn”.2.Itseems/seemedasif...看起来好像……Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!这个讲故事的人以一种生动的方式给我们讲故事，好像他亲身经历过的一样。Thestorytellerwastellingusastoryinavividwayasifhehadexperiencedithimself.3.部分否定：all...not...并非所有的……都……Allhopewasnotlost.最近的一项调查表明，在我们学校并非所有的学生都在课余时间进行体育锻炼。Arecentsurveyshowsthatallthestudentsinourschooldon'ttakephysicalexerciseintheirsparetime.1.burstvt.&vi.（使）爆裂；（使）裂开；（使）炸开；突然出现；爆发n.突然破裂；爆发burstout+doing=burstinto+n.突然 起来burstinto闯入burstin闯进来；插话burstwithjoy/happinessfanger非常高兴/勃然大怒burstintocheers爆发出欢呼声burstinonameeting打断会议［基础练习］——单句语法填空①aHeburstinwithoutknockingatthedoor,whichmademeveryangry.b.Heburstintotheroomwithoutknockingatthedoor,whichmademeveryangry.JDHearingthatmydadwouldbebackfromLondonthisweek,Ifeltasifmyheartwouldburstwithjoy.［链接写作］——完成句子/句式升级听到儿子在地震中丧生的坏消息， 这对夫妇突然哭起来。（普通表达）Whentheyheardthebadnewsthattheirsondiedintheearthquakethecoupleburstintotears/burstoutcrying.（高级表达）Hearingthebadnewsthattheirsondiedintheearthquakethecoupleburstintotears/burstoutcrying.（分词短语作状语）ruinn.［U］毁坏；毁灭；崩溃［C］（pl.）废墟；遗迹v.（使）破产；（使）堕落；毁灭inruins成为废墟ruinoneself毁掉自己； 自取灭亡ruinoneshealth/fame毁坏某人的健康/声誉ruinthetablecloth弄脏了那块桌布ruinourfriendship破坏了我们的友谊theruinofcivilization文明的毁灭financialruin破产theruinsofRome古罗马遗迹［基础练习］——单句语法填空①a.（2019•全国卷I）DoesKilimanjarodeserveitsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruining（ruin）theatmosphereofpeace?Itrainedfortwoweeksonend,completelyruining（ruin）ourholiday.②WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins.［链接写作］——完成句子/句式升级地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。（普通表达）Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquakeanditmadeusawakeallnight.（高级表达）Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquakewhichmadeusawakeallnight.（非限制性定语从句）buryvt埋葬；掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸；使专心beburiedin=buryoneselfin埋头于；专心于beburiedinthought沉思buryhisfaceinhishands双手掩面buriedtreasure埋藏的财宝［基础练习］——单句语法填空①Thegirlwassittingonthebenchinthepark,burying(bury)herheadinthebookinherhands②aHestoodonthesidewalkwithhishandsburied(bury)inthepocketsofhisdarkovercoat.b.WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundhimburying(bury)hisfaceinhishands［链接写作］——完成句子/句式升级由于他埋头于书本，他没注意到其他人已经离开了。（普通表达）Becauseheburiedhimselfin/wasburiedinhisbook,hedidn'tnoticethatalltheothershadleft.（高级表达）Buryinghimselfinhisbook,hedidn'tnoticethatalltheothershadleft.（现在分词作状语）（高级表达）Buriedinhisbook,hedidn'tnoticethatalltheothershadleft.（过去分词作状语）［名师点津］表示“埋头于；致力于”的短语还有：bedevotedto=devoteoneselfto专心于；致力于beabsorbedin全神贯注于；专心于concentrateon集中精力于；专心于focuson集中精力于；专心于fixone'sattentionon全神贯注于；专心于occupyoneselfindoing/with=beoccupiedwith专心、于；忙于judgevt.断定；判断；判决n.裁判员；法官judge…from/by...从 来判断 judgingby/from从 上看；根据 判断asfarasIcanjudge据我判断,我认为judgementn.裁决；评价judgeacase判案judgesb.guilty判某人有罪nottojudgepeople不要对他人品头论足［基础练习］——单句语法填空①(2018•江苏卷)Theeconomicimpactoftheartsisoftenoverlookedandbadlyjudged(judge).②Judging(judge)fromtheabovestory,wecandrawtheconclusionthatweshouldn'tjudgeabookby/fromitscover.③Sheshowedalackofjudgement(judge)whenshegaveMarktheimportantjob.［链接写作］——完成句子(2017・江苏卷)我认为，电影市场在不久的将来会低迷。AsfarasIcanjudge,thefilmmarketmaywitnessaslowdowninthenearfuture.［名师点津］judgingfrom/by用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。atanend结束；终结attheendof在 尽头；在 末端bytheendof到 结束时；到……时候为止(常与完成时态连用)intheend最后；终于cometoanend结束put/bringsth.toanend结束 putanendtosth.结束；终结 endup结果为 ；最终为 ［基础练习］——单句语法填空①ThemeetingwasnearlyatanendwhenIgottothemeetingroom.②Theydidn'tknowhowtoputanendtotheheatedquarrel.③HisnewlywrittennovelhadbeentranslatedtranslateintoEnglishbytheendoflastmonth.④(2019•忻州联考)IthoughtIwouldbepunishedforthebrokenglassesbutIendedupbeingpraised(praise*formyhonesty.［链接写作］——用end的相关短语完成小片段①Attheendof(在 末端)themeeting,thegeneralmanagersaidinaloudvoice,“We'vetriedhardtosolvethefinancialproblem,and②intheend(终于)we'vesucceededSo③bytheendof(至U 结束时)nextweek,thebadsituationwill④cometoanend(结束)andeverythingwillbeallright.”a(great)numberof许多；大量的agreat/large/smallnumberofagreat/goodmany +可数名词复数quiteafewagreatdealof「 +不可数名词agreatflargeamountofalotof/lotsof(3)agreat/largequantityof+可数名词复数(3)massesof或不可数名词massesofplentyof［基础练习］——单句语法填空.(2019•浙江卷)IntheSierrahighcountry,thenumberofbigtreeshasfaJJen(fall)bymorethan55percent:b.(山东卷)Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisen(arise)wheretherewasnothingayearagobutruins.［链接写作］——完成句子①（江苏卷）随着学习英语的人越来越多， 在中文语境里理解这些英语单词并不是很困难。AsthenumberofEnglishlearnersisontherise,it'snotdifficultforthemtounderstandthesewordsinChinesecontexts②（广东卷）一位普通的工人向一所大学捐赠了大量的金钱， 这引起了公众的关注。Agreatdea/amountofmoneywasdonatedtoauniversitybyanordinaryworker,whicharousedpublicattention.［名师点津］anumberof意为“若干；许多”；后接名词复数。用作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式；thenumberof意为”……的数量”，其后接名词的复数或具有复数意义的名词。用作主语时，谓语一般要用单数形式。.［教材佳句］Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日！［句法句式］句中asif=asthough意为“仿佛，好像”，引导表语从句。常放在be,look,seemsound,smell,feel等系动词之后。（1）如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。（2）如果所引导的从句只是表示一种假设的情况，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，其形式如下：did（与现在事实相反）asifhaddone（与过去事实相反）would/could/mightdo（与将来事实相反）［金句推送］Thewomanlovesthechildrendeeplyasifsheweretheirmother.这个妇女深爱这些孩子，就好像她是他们的妈妈一样。［基础练习］——单句语法填空①Hurryup!Itlooksasifthetrainisgoing（go）tomoveintwominutes.②Moregenerally,theInternetfunctionsasifitwere（be）mymemory.③（重庆卷）ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhaddone（do）it?［链接写作］——句式升级（普通表达）Shewalkedhereandthereontheplaygroundasifshewaslookingforsomething.（高级表达）Shewalkedhereandthereontheplaygroundasiflookingforsomething.（省略句）（普通表达）Theboystoodtherewithhisheadbentasifhewascriticizedbytheteacher（高级表达）Theboystoodtherewithhisheadbentasifcriticizedbytheteacher（省略句）［名师点津］如果asif引导的从句的主语和主句的主语一致，并且从句中用be的某种形式，则省略“从句主语+be”，从句就变成了“asif/asthough+adj./adv./介词短语/todo/doing/done”。.［教材佳句］Allhopewasnotlost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。［句法句式］句中all...not为部分否定，意为“并非都……”，有时也可用“Notall...表示。”（1）英语中的all,both,each,every,everybody,everything,always,whole,entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。（2）英语中的no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,noone,nowhere等表否定意义的词与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。［金句推送］It'simpossibleforallthepeopletogetthejobsbecauseallofthemarenotfitforthem,所有人都得到工作是不可能的，因为并非所有的人都适合这些工作。［基础练习］——单句语法填空①Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdon'tagreewitheverything.②（重庆卷）ThemeetingwillbeheldinSeptemberbutnobodyknowsthedateforsure［链接写作］——一句多译（2019・重庆适应性测试）事实是并不是每个人都把合理安排时间看得重要。①ThetruthisthatnoteveryoneisattachinggreatimportancetotimemanagementT)Thetruthisthateveryoneisnotattachinggreatimportancetotimemanagement多维训练 夯实基础维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空Nowagreatmanycollegegraduatesare(be)seekingforhigh-paidjobs.Butalargenumberofthemare(be)oftennotabletofindasuitablepost.Wehadintendedtotakeatwo-daytrip,butweweretoobusytoafford(afford)it.SchoolstartedbutwithtimegoingbyIfeltasifIwere(be)inaforeigncountry.Whensheheardthenewsthatherfatherhaddiedintheaccident,sheburstoutcrying(cry).Afterverycarefulconsideration,Idecidedtotakeariskbasedonmyownjudgmentjudge).维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词Ithadgottenverycold,andIguessedthegoodweatherwasatanend.(2019•北京东城一模)Mydaughter;whosejobrequireshertodoalotoftravelling,isalwaysawayfromhomealot.Theearthquakediddamagetotheareawheremanyhousesfelldownandmanypeopleweretrappedinruins.HewasoftenfoundburiedinhisworkwheneverIcamehere.OurEnglishteacherisexcellent,butshecan'thelpeveryoneintheclassin50minutes.维度3 查缺补漏Georgeisorganized,easy-going,hard-working,andintelligent.Inaword,Ican'tthinktoohighlyofhim.Onarrivingthere,weexpressedourcongratulations，congratulatetohimonhissuccessThetemplecompletelydestroyed(destroy)bythefirelastnightwasbuiltalongtimeago.Alargenumberofsoldiersweresenttheretorescue，rescue*thosetrappedinthebuilding.Althoughitwasanextremely(extremedifficultanddangeroustask,hewasdeterminedtofinishit.语篇练习——提升能力提能一单元话题语篇练根据P26教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式AterribleearthquakehitthecityofTangshanonJuly28,1976,inwhichthousandsofpeoplediedandmany1.wereinjured(injure).Manyhouses2.fell(fall)downandsandfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peopleweregreatly3.shocked(shock!.Alltheelectricityinthecitywascut4.offandpeoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.Tpletely(complete)destroyedandtheworldseemed6.atitsend.ThepeopleofTangshandidn'tlosehopebecause150,000soldiersweresent7.tohelp(help)therescueworkers.Thesoldierstriedtheirbesttodigoutthose8.whoweretrappedWorkersbuiltsheltersforthesurvivors.FreshwaterwastakentothecitybyeverymeansSlowly,thecitybegantocomebacktolife.Itwassaidthatbeforethequake,strangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideThew