2006年考研英语真题解析-d2019中快乐人获取及时

SectionIUseofReadthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)ThehomelessmakeupagrowingpercentageofAmerica’spopulation.1,homelessnesshasreachedsuchproportionsthatlocalernmentscan’tpossibly2.Tohelphomelesspeople3independence,thefederal mustsupportjobtrainingprograms,4theminimumwage,andfundmorelow-costhousing.5everyoneagreesonthenumberofAmericanswhoarehomeless.Estimates6anywherefrom600,000to3million.7thefiguremayvary, ystsdoagreeonanothermatter:thatthenumberofthehomelessis8.Oneofthefederalernment’sstudies9thatthenumberofthehomelesswillreachnearly19millionbytheendofthisdecade.Findingwaysto10thisgrowinghomelesspopulationhas eincreasinglydifficult.11whenhomelessindividualsmanagetofinda12thatwillgivethemthreemealsadayandaplacetosleepatnight,agoodnumberstillspendthebulkofeachday13thestreet.Partoftheproblemisthatmanyhomelessadultsareaddictedtoalcoholordrugs.Andasignificantnumberofthehomelesshaveseriousmentaldisorders.Manyothers,14notaddictedormentallyill,simplylacktheeveryday15skillsneededtoturntheirlives16.BostonGlobereporterChrisReidynotesthatthesituationwillimproveonlywhenthereare17programsthataddressthemanyneedsofthehomeless.18EdwardZlotkowski,directorofcommunityserviceatBentleyCollegeinMassachusetts,19it,“Therehastobe20ofprograms.What’sneededisapackagedeal.”1.[A][B][C][D]2.[A][B][C][D]3.[A][B][C][D]4.[A][B][C][D]5.[A][B][C][D]6.[A][B][C][D]7.[A]Now[B][C][D]Except8.[A][B][C][D]9.[A][B][C][D]10.[A][B][C][D]11.[A][B][C][D]12.[A][B][C][D]13.[A][B][C][D]14.[A][B][C][D]15.[A][B][C][D]16.[A][B][C][D]17.[A] [B]comprehensive[C]complementary[D]18.[A][B][C][D]19.[A][B][C][D]20.[A][B][D]SectionIIReadingPartAReadthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C],or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Inspiteof“endlesstalkofdifference,”Americansocietyisanamazingmachineforhomogenizingpeople.Thereis“thedemocratizinguniformityofdressanddiscourse,andthecasualnessandabsenceofdeference”characteristicofpopularculture.Peopleareabsorbedinto“acultureofconsumption”launchedbythe19th-centurydepartmentstoresthatoffered“vastarraysofgoodsinanelegantatmosphere.Insteadofintimateshopscateringtoaknowledgeableelite”thesewerestores“anyonecouldenter,regardlessofclassorbackground.Thisturnedshopintoapublicanddemocraticact.”Themassmedia,advertisingandsportsareotherforcesforhomogenization.Immigrantsarequicklyfittingintothiscommonculture,whichmaynotbealtogetherelevatingbutishardlypoisonous.WritingfortheNationalImmigrationForum,GregoryRodriguezreportsthattoday’simmigrationisneitheratunprecedentedlevelsnorresistanttoassimilation.In1998immigrantswere9.8percentofthepopulation;in1900,13.6percent.Inthe10yearspriorto1990,3.1immigrantsarrivedforevery1,000residents;inthe10yearspriorto1890,9.2forevery1,000.Now,considerthreeindicesofassimilation—language,homeownershipandintermarriage.The1990Censusrevealedthat“amajorityofimmigrantsfromeachofthefifteenmostcommoncountriesoforiginspokeEnglish‘well’or‘verywell’aftertenyearsofresidence.”ThechildrenofimmigrantstendtobebilingualandproficientinEnglish.“Bythethirdgeneration,theoriginallanguageislostinthemajorityofimmigrantfamilies.”HencethedescriptionofAmericaasa“graveyard”forlanguages.By1996foreign-bornimmigrantswhohadarrivedbefore1970hadahomeownershiprateof75.6percent,higherthanthe69.8percentrateamongnative-bornAmericans.Foreign-bornAsiansandHispanics“havehigherratesofintermarriagethandoU.S.-bornwhitesandblacks.”Bythethirdgeneration,onethirdofHispanicwomenaremarriedtonon-Hispanics,and41percentofAsian-Americanwomenaremarriedtonon-Asians.RodrigueznotesthatchildreninremotevillagesaroundtheworldarefansofsuperstarslikeArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooks,yet“someAmericansfearthatimmigrantslivingwithintheUnitedStatesremainsomehowimmunetothenation’sassimilativepower.”AretheredivisiveissuesandpocketsofseethingangerinAmerica?Indeed.Itisbigenoughtohaveabitofeverything.ButparticularlywhenviewedagainstAmerica’sturbulentpast,today’ssocialindiceshardlysuggestadarkanddeterioratingsocialenvironment.Theword“homogenizing”(Line2,Paragraph1)mostprobably [B][C] [D]Accordingtotheauthor,thedepartmentstoresofthe19th playedaroleinthespreadofpopular [B]becameintimateshopsforcommon[C]satisfiedtheneedsofaknowledgeable [D]oweditsemergencetothecultureofThetextsuggeststhatimmigrantsnowinthe areresistantto [B]exertagreatinfluenceonAmerican[C]arehardlyathreattothecommon [D]constitutethemajorityoftheWhyareArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooksmentionedinParagraphToprovetheirpopularityaroundthe [B]Torevealthepublic’sfearof[C]Togiveexamplesofsuccessful [D]ToshowthepowerfulinfluenceofAmericanIntheauthor’sopinion,theabsorptionofimmigrantsintoAmericansociety [B][C] [D]TextStratford-on-Avon,asweallknow,hasonlyoneindustry—WilliamShakespeare—buttherearetwodistinctlyseparateandincreasinglyhostilebranches.ThereistheRoyalShakespeareCompany(RSC),whichpresentssuperbproductionsoftheplaysattheShakespeareMemorialTheatreontheAvon.Andtherearethetownsfolkwholargelyliveoffthetouristswhocome,nottoseetheplays,buttolookatAnneHathaway’sCottage,Shakespeare’sbirthplaceandtheothersights.TheworthyresidentsofStratforddoubtthatthetheatreaddsapennytotheirrevenue.TheyfranklydisliketheRSC’sactors,themwiththeirlonghairandbeardsandsandalsandnoisiness.It’salldeliciouslyironicwhenyouconsiderthatShakespeare,whoearnstheirliving,washimselfanactor(withabeard)anddidhisshareofnoise-making.Thetouriststreamsarenotentirelyseparate.Thesightseerswhocomebybus—andoftentakeinWarwickCastleandBlenheimPalaceontheside—don’tusuallyseetheplays,andsomeofthemareevensurprisedtofindatheatreinStratford.However,theplaygoersdomanagealittlesight-seeingalongwiththeirplaygoing.Itistheplaygoers,theRSCcontends,whobringinmuchofthetown’srevenuebecausetheyspendthenight(someofthemfourorfivenights)pouringcashintotheho sandrestaurants.Thesightseerscantakeineverythingandgetoutoftownbynightfall.Thetownsfolkdon’tseeitthiswayandthelocalcouncildoesnotcontributedirectlytothesubsidyoftheRoyalShakespeareCompany.Stratfordcriespoortraditionally.Neverthelesseveryhointownseemstobeaddinganewwingorcocktaillounge.Hiltonisbuildingitsownhothere,whichyoumaybesurewillbedecoratedwithHamletHamburgerBars,theLearLounge,theBanquoBanquetingRoom,andsoforth,andwillbeveryexpensive.Anyway,thetownsfolkcan’tunderstandwhytheRoyalShakespeareCompanyneedsasubsidy.(Thetheatrehasbrokenattendancerecordsforthreeyearsinarow.Lastyearits1,431seatswere94percentoccupiedallyearlongandthisyearthey’lldobetter.)Thereason,ofcourse,isthatcostshaverocketedandticketpriceshavestayedlow.ItwouldbeashametoraisepricestoomuchbecauseitwoulddriveawaytheyoungpeoplewhoareStratford’smostattractivecliene.Theycomeentirelyfortheplays,notthesights.Theyallseemtolookalike(thoughtheycomefromallover)—lean,pointed,dedicatedfaces,wearingjeansandsandals,eatingtheirbunsandbeddingdownforthenightontheflagstonesoutsidethetheatretobuythe20seatsand80standing-roomticketsheldforthesleepersandsoldtothemwhentheboxofficeopensat10:30a.m.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,welearn thetownsfolkdenytheRSC’scontributiontothetown’stheactorsoftheRSCimitateShakespeareonandoffthetwobranchesoftheRSCarenotongoodthetownsfolkearnlittlefromItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3 thesightseerscannotvisittheCastleandthePalaceseparatheplaygoersspendmoremoneythanthethesightseersdomoreshopthanthetheplaygoersgotonootherplacesintownthantheBysaying“Stratfordcriespoortraditionally”(Line2,Paragraph4),theauthorimplies Stratfordcannotaffordtheexpansion [B]Stratfordhaslongbeeninfinancial[C]thetownisnotreallyshortof [D]thetownsfolkusedtobepoorlyAccordingtothetownsfolk,theRSCdeservesnosubsidy ticketpricescanberaisedtocoverthe [B]thecompanyisfinanciallyill-[C]thebehavioroftheactorsisnotsocially [D]thetheatreattendanceisontheFromthetextwecanconcludethatthe issupportiveofboth [B]favorsthetownsfolk’s[C]takesadetached [D]issympathetictotheWhenprehistoricmanarrivedinnewpartsoftheworld,somethingstrangehappenedtothelargeanimals:theysuddenlybecameextinct.Smallerspeciessurvived.Thelarge,slow-growinganimalswereeasygame,andwerequicklyhuntedtoextinction.Nowsomethingsimilarcouldbehappeningintheoceans.Thattheseasarebeingoverfishedhasbeenknownforyears.WhatresearcherssuchasRansomMyersandBorisWormhaveshownisjusthowfastthingsarechanging.Theyhavelookedathalfacenturyofdatafromfisheriesaroundtheworld.Theirmethodsdonotattempttoestimatetheactualbiomass(theamountoflivingbiologicalmatter)offishspeciesinparticularpartsoftheocean,butratherchangesinthatbiomassovertime.AccordingtotheirlatestpaperpublishedinNature,thebiomassoflargepredators(animalsthatkillandeatotheranimals)inanewfisheryisreducedonaverageby80%within15yearsofthestartofexploitation.Insomelong-fishedareas,ithashalvedagainsincethen.Dr.Wormacknowledgesthatthesefiguresareconservative.Onereasonforthisisthatfishingtechnologyhasimproved.Today’svesselscanfindtheirpreyusingsalitesandsonar,whichwerenotavailable50yearsago.Thatmeansahigherproportionofwhatisintheseaisbeingcaught,sotherealdifferencebetweenpresentandpastislikelytobeworsethantheonerecordedbychangesincatchsizes.Intheearlydays,too,longlineswouldhavebeenmoresaturatedwithfish.Someindividualswouldthereforenothavebeencaught,sincenobaitedhookswouldhavebeenavailabletotrapthem,leadingtoanunderestimateoffishstocksinthepast.Furthermore,intheearlydaysoflonglinefishing,alotoffishwerelosttosharksaftertheyhadbeenhooked.Thatisnolongeraproblem,becausetherearefewersharksaroundDr.MyersandDr.Wormarguethattheirworkgivesacorrectbaseline,whichfuturemanagementeffortsmusttakeintoaccount.Theybelievethedatasupportanideacurrentamongmarinebiologists,thatofthe“shiftingbaseline”.Thenotionisthatpeoplehavefailedtodetectthemassivechangeswhichhavehappenedintheoceanbecausetheyhavebeenlookingbackonlyarelativelyshorttimeintothepast.Thatmattersbecausetheorysuggeststhatthe umsustainableyieldthatcanbecroppedfromafisherycomeswhenthebiomassofatargetspeciesisabout50%ofitsoriginallevels.Mostfisheriesarewellbelowthat,whichisabadwaytodoTheextinctionoflargeprehistoricanimalsisnotedtosuggest largeanimalswerevulnerabletothechangingsmallspeciessurvivedaslargeanimalslargeseaanimalsmayfacethesamethreatslow-growingfishoutlivefast-growingWecaninferfromDr.MyersandDr.Worm’spaper thestockoflargepredatorsinsomeoldfisherieshasreducedbythereareonlyhalfasmanyfisheriesastherewere15yearsthecatchsizesinnewfisheriesareonly20%oftheoriginalthenumberoflargepredatorsdroppedfasterinnewfisheriesthanintheBysaying“thesefiguresareconservative”(Line1,paragraph3),Dr.Wormmeans fishingtechnologyhasimproved [B]thencatch-sizesareactuallysmallerthan[C]themarinebiomasshassufferedagreater [D]thedatacollectedsofarareoutofDr.Myersandotherresearchershold peopleshouldlookforabaselinethatcanworkforalongerfisheriesshouldkeeptheiryieldsbelow50%ofthetheoceanbiomassshouldberestoredtoitsoriginalpeopleshouldadjustthefishingbaselinetothechangingTheauthorseemstobemainlyconcernedwithmost management [B]biomass[C]catch-size [D]technologicalManythingsmakepeoplethinkartistsareweird.Buttheweirdestmaybethis:artists’onlyjobistoexploreemotions,andyettheychoosetofocusontheonesthatfeelbad.Thiswasn’talwaysso.Theearliestformsofart,likepaintingandmusic,arethosebestsuitedforexpressingjoy.Butsomewherefromthe19thcenturyonward,moreartistsbeganseeinghappinessasmeaningless,phonyor,worstofall,boring,aswewentfromWordsworth’sdaffodilstoBaudelaire’sflowersofevil.Youcouldarguethatartbecamemoreskepticalofhappinessbecausemoderntimeshaveseensomuchmisery.Butit’snotasifearliertimesdidn’tknowperpetualwar,disasterandthemassacreofinnocents.Thereason,infact,maybejusttheopposite:thereistoomuchdamnhappinessintheworldtoday.Afterall,whatistheonemodernformofexpressionalmostcompleydedicatedtodepictingAdvertising.Theriseofanti-happyartalmostexactlytrackstheemergenceofmassmedia,andwithit,acommercialcultureinwhichhappinessisnotjustanidealbutanideology.Peopleinearliererasweresurroundedbyremindersofmisery.Theyworkeduntilexhausted,livedwithfewprotectionsanddiedyoung.IntheWest,beforemasscommunicationandliteracy,themostpowerfulmassmediumwasthechurch,whichremindedworshippersthattheirsoulswereindangerandthattheywouldsomedaybemeatforworms.Givenallthis,theydidnotexactlyneedtheirarttobeabummertoo.TodaythemessagestheaverageWesternerissurroundedwitharenotreligiousbutcommercial,andforeverhappy.Fast-foodeaters,newsanchors,textmessengers,allsmiling,smiling,smiling.Ourmagazinesfeaturebeamingcelebritiesandhappyfamiliesinperfecthomes.Andsincethesemessageshaveanagenda—tolureustoopenourwallets—theymaketheveryideaofhappinessseemunreliable.“Celebrate!”commandedtheadsforthearthritisdrugCelebrex,beforewefoundoutitcouldincreasetheriskofheartattacks.Butwhatweforget—whatoureconomydependsonusforgetting—isthathappinessismorethanpleasurewithoutpain.Thethingsthatbringthegreatestjoycarrythegreatestpotentialforlossanddisappointment.Today,surroundedbypromisesofeasyhappiness,weneedarttolus,asreligiononcedid,Mementomori:rememberthatyouwilldie,thateverythingends,andthathappinesscomesnotindenyingthisbutinlivingwithit.It’samessageevenmorebitterthanaclovecigarette,yet,somehow,abreathoffreshair.BycitingtheexamplesofpoetsWordsworthandBaudelaire,theauthorintendstoshow poetryisnotasexpressiveofjoyaspaintingorartgrowsoutofbothpositiveandnegativepoetstodayarelessskepticalofartistshavechangedtheirfocusofTheword“bummer”(Line5,paragraph5)mostprobablymeans [B] [C] [D]Intheauthor’sopinion, emergesinthewakeoftheanti-happyisacauseofdisappointmentforthegeneralreplacethechurchasamajorsourceofcreatesanillusionofhappinessratherthanhappinessWecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthattheauthor happinessmoreoftenthannotendsintheanti-happyartisdistastefulbutmiseryshouldbeenjoyedratherthantheanti-happyartflourisheswheneconomyWhichofthefollowingistrueoftheReligiononcefunctionedasareminderofArtprovidesabalancebetweenexpectationandPeoplefeeldisappointedattherealitiesofmodernMassmediaareinclinedtocoverdisastersandPartBInthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofnumberedgaps.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)OnthenorthbankoftheOhioriversitsEvansville,Ind.,homeofDavidWilliams,52,andofariverboatcasino(aplacewheregamblinggamesareplayed).Duringseveralyearsofgamblinginthatcasino,Williams,astateauditorearning$35,000ayear,lostapproximay$175,000.Hehadnevergambledbeforethecasinosenthimacouponfor$20worthofgambling.Hevisitedthecasino,lostthe$20andleft.Onhissecondvisithelost$800.Thecasinoissuedtohim,asagoodcustomer,a“FunCard”,whichwhenusedinthecasinoearnspointsformealsanddrinks,andenablesthecasinototracktheuser’sgamblingactivities.ForWilliams,theseactivities ewhathecalls“electronic .In1997helost$21,000tooneslotmachineintwodays.InMarch1997helost$72,186.Hesometimesplayedtwoslotmachinesatatime,allnight,untiltheboatdockedat5a.m.,thenwentbackaboardwhenthecasinoopenedat9a.m.Nowheissuingthecasino,chargingthatitshouldhaverefusedhispatronagebecauseitknewhewasaddicted.Itdidknowhehadaproblem.InMarch1998afriendofWilliams’sgothiminvoluntarilyconfinedtoatreatmentcenterforaddictions,andwrotetoinformthecasinoofWilliams’sgamblingproblem.ThecasinoincludedaphotoofWilliamsamongthoseofbannedgamblers,andwrotetohima“ceaseadmissions”letter.Notingthe“medical/psychological”natureofproblemgamblingbehavior,thelettersaidthatbeforebeingreadmittedtothecasinohewouldhavetopresentmedical/psychologicalinformationdemonstratingthatpatronizingthecasinowouldposenothreattohissafetyorwell-being..TheWallStreetJournalreportsthatthecasinohas24signswarning:“Enjoythefun...andalwaysbetwithyourhead,notoverit.”Everyentranceticketlistsatoll-freenumberforcounselingfromthe naDepartmentofMentalHealth.Nevertheless,Williams’ssuitchargesthatthecasino,knowinghewas“helplesslyaddictedtogambling,”intentionallyworkedto“lure”himto“engageinconductagainsthiswill.”Well..ThefourtheditionoftheDiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMentalDisorderssays“pathologicalgambling”involvespersistent,recurringanduncontrollablepursuitlessofmoneythanofthethrilloftakingrisksinquestofawindfall..Pushedbyscience,orwhatclaimstobescience,societyisreclassifyingwhatoncewereconsideredcharacterflawsormoralfailingsas alitydisordersakintophysicaldisabilities..Forty-fourstateshavelotteries,29havecasinos,andmostofthesestatesaretovaryingdegreesdependenton—youmightsayaddictedto—revenuesfromwagering.AndsincethefirstInternetgamblingsitewascreatedin1995,competitionforgamblers’dollarshas eintense.TheOct.28issueofNewsweekreportedthat2milliongamblerspatronize1,800virtualcasinoseveryweek.With$3.5billionbeinglostonInternetwagersthisyear,gamblinghaspassed ographyastheWeb’smostprofitablebusiness.Althoughnosuchevidencewaspresented,thecasino’smarketingdepartmentcontinuedtopepperhimwithmailings.AndheenteredthecasinoandusedhisFunCardwithoutbeingdetected.Itisunclearwhatluringwasrequired,givenhiscompulsivebehavior.AndinwhatsensewashiswillBythetimehehadlost$5,000hesaidtohimselfthatifhecouldgetbacktoeven,hewouldquit.Onenighthe$5,500,buthedidnotGamblinghasbeenacommonfeatureofAmericanlifeforever,butforalongtimeitwasbroadlyconsideredasin,orasocialdisease.Nowitisasocialpolicy:themostimportantandaggressivepromoterofgamblinginAmericaistheDavidWilliams’ssuitshouldtroublethisgamblingnation.Butdon’tbetonItisworrisomethatsocietyismedicalizingmoreandmorebehavioralproblems,oftendefiningasaddictionswhatearlier,sternergenerationsexplainedasweaknessofwill.Theanonymous,lonely,undistractednatureofonlinegamblingisespeciallyconducivetocompulsivebehavior.Butevenifthe ernmentknewhowtomoveagainstInternetgambling,whatwouldbeitsgroundsforngso?PartCReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)IsittruethattheAmericaninlectualisrejectedandconsideredofnoaccountinhissociety?Iamgoingtosuggestthatitisnottrue.FatherBruckbergertoldpartofthestorywhenheobservedthatitistheinlectualswhohaverejectedAmerica.Buttheyhavedonemorethanthat.Theyhavegrowndissatisfiedwiththeroleoftheinlectual.Itisthey,notAmerica,whohave eanti-inlectual.First,theobjectofourstudypleadsfordefinition.Whatisaninlectual?(46)IshalldefinehimasanindividualwhohaselectedashisprimarydutyandpleasureinlifetheactivityofthinkinginaSocratic()wayaboutmoralproblems.Heexploressuchproblemsconsciously,articulay,andfrankly,firstbyaskingfactualquestions,thenbyaskingmoralquestions,finallybysuggestingactionwhichseemsappropriateinthelightofthefactualandmoralinformationwhichhehasobtained.(47)Hisfunctionis ogoustothatofajudge,whomustaccepttheobligationofrevealinginasobviousamatteraspossiblethecourseofreasoningwhichledhimtohisdecision.Thisdefinitionexcludesmanyindividualsusuallyreferredtoasin lectuals—theaveragescientist,forone.(48)Ihaveexcludedhimbecause,whilehis plishmentsmaycontributetothesolutionofmoralproblems,hehasnotbeenchargedwiththetaskofapproachinganybutthefactualaspectsofthoseproblems.Likeotherhumanbeings,heencountersmoralissuesevenintheeverydayperformanceofhisroutineduties—heisnotsupposedtocookhisexperiments,manufactureevidence,ordoctorhisreports.(49)Buthisprimarytaskisnottothinkaboutthemoralcode ernshisactivity,anymorethanabusinessmanisexpectedtodedicatehisenergiestoanexplorationofrulesofconductinbusiness.Duringmostofhiswakinglifehewilltakehiscodeforgranted,asthebusinessmantakeshisethics.Thedefinitionalsoexcludesthemajorityofteachers,despitethefactthatteachinghastraditionallybeenthemethodwherebymanyin lectualsearntheirliving.(50)Theymayteachverywell,andmorethanearntheirsalaries,butmostofthemmakelittleornoindependentreflectionsonhumanproblemswhichinvolvemoraljudgment.Thisdescriptionevenfitsthemajorityofeminentscholars.Beinglearnedinsomebranchofhumanknowledgeisonething;livingin“publicandillustriousthoughts,”asEmersonwouldsay,issomethingelse.SectionIIIPartYouwanttocontributetoProjectHopebyofferingfinancialaidtoachildinaremotearea.Writealettertothedepartmentconcerned,askingthemtohelpfindacandidate.Youshouldspecifywhatkindofchildyouwanttohelpandhowyouwillcarryoutyourplan.Writeyourletterwithnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEETDonotsignyournameattheendoftheletter;use“LiMing”Donotwritetheaddress.(10PartStudythefollowingphotoscarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoudescribethephotosinterpretthesocialphenomenonreflectedbythem,giveyourpointofYoushouldwrite160-200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(202006年招生考试英语（一）答案详SectionIUseof一、文章结构分析本文介绍了无家可归者日益增多这个社会问题。第一、二段分析问题的严重性，在无家可归者的数量不断增长，已经到了必须采取措施给他们提供帮助的地步。第三段帮助无家可归者的任务相当艰二、试题具体解析【答案】【考点】逻辑搭配【难度系数】stand，经【答案】【考点】词义辨析【难度系数】【解析】空所在的句意为：无家可归问题已经达到了如此的规模，以至于地方都不能。从句意可以看出【答案】【考点】词法搭配【难度系数】【解析】从空所在的位置可以判断出本题考查的是help后面的介词搭配的用法。helpsb.inngsth.，表示“帮两者代入文中，语意上讲不通。for表示目的，帮助，前面不定式已经表示了目的，“为了帮助无家可归的人为了独立”语意也不通。toward表示“趋向，接近”，后面常接抽象名词，符合文意。故正确答案为D。raiseaddtakekeep【答案】【考点】词汇搭配【难度系数】而这种措施必然是改进措施，对于工资来说，改善的条件自然是提高工资，表示涨工资只有A项。not【答案】【考点】逻辑搭配【难度系数】【解析】空所在的句子显然是表达人们对无家可归者的数量看法，后面谈到人们的看法从600,000到3millioncoverrangediffer【答案】【考点】词汇搭配【难度系数】【解析】从该句中“from600,000to3million”判断出，这里应该表示对数字的估计范围。四个选项，可以表示范围的词只有C，range常与from…to搭配表示“从……到……范围”。故正确答案为C。NowthatExceptthat【答案】【考点】逻辑搭配【难度系数】increasing【答案】【考点】词义辨析【难度系数】【解析】从文章前面的内容可以看出，虽然人们在无家可归者的具体数量上有，但在增加的趋势方面是一致的，因此空填入的词应该是表示无家可归者数量的增加，而能表示数量的增加只有increasing，故答案为C。predictsprovesdiscovers【答案】【考点】词义辨析【难度系数】assisttracksustain【答案】【考点】词汇搭配【难度系数】一含义的词为A，故答案为A。HenceButEvenOnly【答案】【考点】逻辑搭配【难度系数】的大部分人仍然在大街上流浪。这两句显然构成让步关系，C符合语境，故答案为C。house【答案】【考点】词义辨析【难度系数】strolling【答案】【考点】词义辨析【难度系数】【解四个选项中，B和Dstroll指很闲适的散步，显然无家可归者不可能还能很闲适地在大街上散步，而wandering表示一种漫无目的的游荡，很适合形容这些无家可归者，因此答案为D。oncewhereas【答案】【考点】逻辑搭配【难度系数】归者是由于精神方面的疾病，这里谈到精神正常的人也有无家可归者，两者形成对比，故本空选择C合适，表示对【答案】【考点】词汇搭配【难度系数】们社会的最底层，所缺乏的当然是谋求生存的技能，C符合这一状况，故答案为C。(turn)on【答案】【考点习惯搭配【难度系数】【答案】【考点】词汇搭配【难度系数】【解析】从句子结构可以看出，填入的是修饰programprogram呢？后面的定语从句有program可以解决无家可归者许多需求，那么四个选项当中能满足这一要求的只有B项，故答案为SoAsThus【答案】【考点】逻辑搭配【难度系数】【解析】comprehensiveprogramapackagedeal，assumesmakes【答案】【考点】习惯搭配【难度系数】manipulation【答案】【考点】词汇搭配【难度系数】三、全文翻译大家对于到底有多少无家可归者的意见并不一致，估计数量在60万到300万之间。尽管人们估计的数字可在这个十年结束之前，无家可归者的数量将接近1900万。存技能。《波士顿日报》克里斯·雷迪认为只有通过全面规划解决无家可归者的各种需求，这种局面才有SectionIIReadingPart一、文章结构与内容分析本文是一篇议。文章中心讨论了的文化对的强大同化能力。第一段介绍了大众文化的特点、和背后的推动力；第二、三、四段采用事实论证了能快速融入社会，对大众文化构不成；第五段二、试题具体分析 【答案】【考点】词义句意【难度系数】句和后句形成让步关系，前句谈到差别，作为让步结构，下句必然谈到相似或一致的内容，选项中只有C项assimilating符合题意，故答案为C。 【答案】【考点】事实细节【难度系数】民族的融合是指文化的融合，而由这句可以判断出文章的中心是关于文化融合方面的内容，而百货商店作这篇文章暗示了现在的【答案】【考点】推理判断【难度系数】【解析】文章从第二段开始正式开始讨论的文化问题，文章对的到来是这样描述的“maynotbealtogetherelevatingbutishardlypoisonous(可能没有起到提升的作用，但也并非有害社会)”，而且进入“isneitheratunprecedentedlevelsnorresistanttoassimilation(速度并不是很快，同时他们也不排斥社会化的【补充】第二段首句含有特殊结构not…but…，作者常强调but之后的部分，且含有hardly这样的否定结构，【答案】【考点】例证【难度系数】同化作用仍会置之不理’”。有这个转折关系我们应该可以判断出两者是用来例证文化的同化力量难以受到，也展现了文化的强大，因此选D。按照作者的观点，社会对的吸收是【答案】【考点】观点态度【难度系数】【解析】本文中心探讨的是国外融入社会的问题。从文章作者对这一事件评论的语句“maynotbe讨论的中心分析，在进入后能很快的融入文化，说明融入是成功的，故答案为B。三、文章长难句分析Thereis“thedemocratizinguniformityofdressanddiscourse,andthecasualnessandabsenceofdeference”characteristicofpopularculture.absenceofdeference)，它们都是大众文化的特征(characteristicofpopularculture)。注意：引号中的内容是作者他【译文 在，大众文化的特点就是“在服饰和谈吐方面大众化的一致性、漫不经心和不拘礼节”RodrigueznotesthatchildreninremotevillagesaroundtheworldarefansofsuperstarslikeArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooks,yet“someAmericansfearthatimmigrantslivingwithintheUnitedStatesremainsomehowimmunetothenation’sassimilativepower.”主干是：childrenarefansof...，后面一句的主干是：“someAmericansfearthat…”，thatimmigrants...remainsomehowimmuneto...作fear的宾语。四、词汇回homogenizevtdemocratizevt.使launchn..caterv.fitinintoindicesn.indexgraveyardn.pocketn..immuneadj.deterioratev.五、全文翻译19世纪的百正在快速成为大众文化的一部分，这种情况也许不能从总体上提升，但也几乎没有什么害处。在1890年前的10年中，这一数字为9.2。现在，考虑一下三个同化的标志——语言、所和异族通婚。失”。因此也被描述为语言的“墓地”。到了1996年，1970年之前到达的拥有的比例达到要高”。到了第三代，三分之一的西班牙裔妇女了非西班牙裔人，41%的亚裔妇女了非几乎没有出现社会环境和的迹象，尤其当与的过去相比时更是如