汉译英：段落层次的分析语翻译实践课件

汉英语篇对比与翻译Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.1汉英语篇对比与翻译Evaluationonly.1cohesion：thelinguistictiesandconnectionswhichexistwithintextsCoherenceis'therelevanceofoneutterancetoanother'衔接是篇章的有形网络，连贯是篇章的无形网络。作者往往着意利用词语的重复、词义的联想、对比、照应以及各种修辞手段铺设有形网络以编织无形网络，使文本传神达意。衔接与连贯英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.2cohesion：thelinguistictiesa指示词（reference）称谓语（deixis）省略（ellipsis）他常唱民歌，我永远也忘不了他唱给我的第一首歌。Hesingsfolksongs.I'llneverforgetthefirsthesangtome替代词（substitution）one(s)‘,’do‘,’so/not‘,’same‘etc.黄先生有没有拿信？可能拿过了。DidMr.Huangtakethatletter?hemighthavedone.英语语篇的衔接英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.3指示词（reference）英语语篇的衔接英语篇章特点汉英篇Itriedtogettosleep.Myneighbourownsanacousticguitarandanelectricguitar.Helikestoplaytheelectricguitar.Ihadtogetupatthecrackofdawnforworkthenextday.Theotherneighbourandhiswifemustbemoretolerantthanme.Idon'tknowwhathisotherneighbourthinksaboutit.Idon'tknowwhathiswifethinksaboutit.Myneighbourplaystheguitarquitebadly.Iwishmyneighbourwouldtakeupanotherhobby.I'mtryingtogettosleepbuthe'satitagain,myneighbour,playingtheguitar.Heactuallyownstwoguitars,asimpleacousticoneandanexpensiveelectricone.ButheseemstoprefertoplaytheelectriconelateatnightwhenI'mtryingtogettosleepandhavetogetupatthecrackofdawnforworkthenextday.Idon'tknowwhathisotherneighbourthinksaboutit,orhiswifeforthatmatter.Theymustbemoretolerantthanme.Theproblemis,notonlydoesheplaytheguitarveryloudly,buthealsoplaysitquitebadly.Ireallywishhewouldtakeupanotherhobbyaltogether,oratleastfindaquietermusicalinstrumenttoplay.英语语篇的衔接英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.4Itriedtogettosleep.Myneatextcanbelinguisticallycohesivebutincoherent,astheexampleillustrates:MyfatherboughtaLincolnconvertible.Thecardrivenbythepolicewasred.Thatcolordoesn'tsuither.Sheconsistsofthreeletters.However,aletterisn'tasfastasatelephonecall.A:That'sthetelephoneB:I'minthebathA:O.K

英语语篇的连贯英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.5atextcanbelinguisticallyc英语篇章：开门见山，直奔主题章法：introduction-body-conclusion汉语篇章：迂回曲折，委婉含蓄。章法：起承转合英语篇章：主题-段落（层层递进；直线展开）汉语篇章：不同层面，同一论点（螺旋形上升）英语段落的结构：keysentence–example;space;contrast;causeandeffect汉语：主题句不明显，断尾可引出新主题翻译策略：突出论点，减少迂回曲折汉英篇章特点对比英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.6英语篇章：开门见山，直奔主题章法：introducti汉英篇章特点对比英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略北京工美集团（原北京市工艺美术品总公司）是以生产工艺美术品为主，融科研、生产、经营、教育与一体的多元化经济联合体。|集团拥有工商企业50余家，合资企业21家，驻外贸易机构一个，开展“三来一补”业务。|特艺、地毯、抽纱共有50多种产品获国际和国家大奖，自营出口商品60大类上万个品种花色，销往世界五大洲130多个国家和地区。BeijingGongmeiGroupspecializesmainlyinartsandcrafts.|Itisaneconomiccomplexcombiningscientificresearch,production,marketing,educationandpublication.|Underthegroupareover50industrialandcommercialenterprises,including21Sino-foreignjointventures,andatradeagencyabroad.|Thegroupmanufacturesproductsaccordingtoclients’samplesordesigns,orusingclients’materials,andconductscompensationtrade.|Over50ofitsproductshavewoninternationalordomesticprizes,includingspecialhandicrafts,carpetsanddrawnwork.|Itimportsandexports10,000productsin60categories,anditsproductsaresoldto130countriesandregionsonfivecontinents.Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.7汉英篇章特点对比英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略北京工美英语：重代词、同义词、近义词、代替句型的替代作用汉语：相同词语的重复翻译策略：少重复，多替代英语：按语法形式要求进行省略（所有格、形容词及介词等后面的名词；系动词后面的表语；主谓一致时的主语或谓语等）。汉语：按语境省略（主语、领属语、中心语、关联词、谓语皆可省略）。翻译策略：省略得当，句式简洁英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略汉英段内连贯对比：替代和重复Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.8英语：重代词、同义词、近义词、代替句型的替代作用英语篇章Historiesmakemenwise;poetswitty;themathematicssubtle;naturalphilosophydeep;moralgrave;logicandrhetoricabletocontend.读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辨。Amanmayusuallybeknownbythebookshereadsaswellasbythecompanyhekeeps;forthereisacompanionshipofbooksaswellasofmen;andoneshouldalwaysliveinthebestcompany,whetheritbeofbooksorofmen.要了解一个人，可以看他交什么样的朋友，可以看他看什么样的书，因为有的人跟人交朋友，有的人跟书交朋友，但不管跟人交朋友还是跟书交朋友，都应该教好朋友。汉英段内连贯对比:重复、替代与省略英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.9Historiesmakemenwise;poets漫步山间时，听得四处竹林间的淙淙泉声，众多的细泉汇成一条狭长而深邃的小溪，顺山势而下，及至悬崖处，猛然跌落二三丈，形成一瀑布，水珠飞溅，凉透肌肤。Strollingalongthepath,youcanhearspringssingingeverywhereinthebambooforest.Anumberoflittlespringsassembleintoanarrowbutdeeplittleriver,whichrunsalongthemountainside.Whenitmeetsasmallcliff,itfallsdowneightorninemetres,formingathinwatercurtain.Thecooldropsflyaboutandsplashoveryourskin.所以每每在大雪中的黄昏里，围着暖炉，围着祖父，听着祖父读着诗篇，看着祖父读着诗篇时微红的嘴唇。Onsnowyevenings,wechildrenoftensataroundtheheatingstovebygrandpa,listeningtohimreadingpoemsandwatchinghisbusyruddylips.汉英段内连贯对比:重复、替代与省略英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.10漫步山间时，听得四处竹林间的淙淙泉声，众多的细泉汇成一条狭长衔接手段：逻辑关系、时间关系、空间关系翻译策略：添加连接词，增强连贯性。汉英段内衔接手段英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.11衔接手段：逻辑关系、时间关系、空间关系汉英段内衔接手段英语篇1.先后或列举：first,second…;inthesecondplace;nest/then;foronething…foranother…;furthermore/moreover/inaddition/besides;finally/last;and等。2.因果：consequently/asaresult/hence/accordingly/thus/so/therefore;because/since/for等。3.特例或举例：inparticular;specifically;forinstance/forexample;thatis/namely等。4.引出结论：inconclusion/finally/allinall/tosumup；evidently/clearly/actually;ofcourse等。5.But/however/yet/nevertheless;onthecontrary;ontheotherhand;neither…nor等。逻辑关系英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.121.先后或列举：first,second…;inth1.表示频率：frequently/often;occasionally/nowandthen;dayafterday;againandagain等。2.表示阶段：during;briefly;foralongtime;formanyyears等。3.表某一时刻：then/atthattime/inthosedays;lastSunday;nextChristmas;in2019;atthebeginninggoSep;atsixo’clock;twomonthsago等。4.表示开端：atfirst/inthebeginning;beforethen;intheprecedingweeks等。5.表示其间：inthemeantime/whilethiswasgoingon/meanwhile/asitwashappening/atthesametime/simultaneously等。6.表示结束：eventually/finally/atlast/intheend等。时间关系英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.131.表示频率：frequently/often;occa1.表示近：closeto/near;nextto/alongside/adjacentto;facing等。2.表示远：inthedistance/far/beyond/away/onthefarside;there等。3.表示方向：up;down;forward(s);backward(s);sideways;along;across;totheleft/right;infrontof/behind;above/below;inside/outside等。空间关系英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.141.表示近：closeto/near;nextto/英语：段内信息紧凑；段落层层递进汉语：段内信息繁多；段落螺旋上升翻译策略：译者需要有篇章意识，把握全局。有时会合并或拆分段落。汉英段内及篇章连贯英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.15英语：段内信息紧凑；段落层层递进汉英段内及篇章连贯英语篇章特汉译英过程—分析与实践“黄荆棍下出好人”，这个动不动就要孩子脱了裤子打屁股的中国特色教子哲学，早已经过时，现在教子讲的是平等，是自由，是尊重。孩子的人权甚至已经写进了法律，父权主义的威严嘴脸不仅不道德，而且很容易触犯法律。孩子的屁股看来是轻易不能打的了。不过好在，虽然父权主义在私域节节败退，但在公域多少还有一点市场。理解过程：主题：父权主义在公域尚有市场总体结构：四句话，两段。引出主题，层次繁琐。古--今；私域—公域；（父权）有—无—有连接词：（古）；现在；看来是；不过替代与省略：这个…哲学；现在教子（的方法）；而且（它）很；但（它）在重复：是…，是…；父权主义英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.16汉译英过程—分析与实践“黄荆棍下出好人”，这个动不动就要孩子汉译英过程—分析与实践“黄荆棍下出好人”，这个动不动就要孩子脱了裤子打屁股的中国特色教子哲学，早已经过时，现在教子讲的是平等，是自由，是尊重。孩子的人权甚至已经写进了法律，父权主义的威严嘴脸不仅不道德，而且很容易触犯法律。孩子的屁股看来是轻易不能打的了。不过好在，虽然父权主义在私域节节败退，但在公域多少还有一点市场。TheChineseparentingmodelofmakingchildrendroptheirpantsforagoodspankinghaspasseditstime.

Thecurrentmethodstalkaboutequality,freedomandrespect.

Therightsofchildrenhaveevenbeenwrittenintolaw.

Thesternvisageofarulingfatherisnownotonlyimmoral,itcaneasilybreakthelaw.

Itseemsthatchildren’sbehindscannolongereasilybehit.

Fortunately,however,eventhoughcorporalpunishmentisslowlyleavingtheprivaterealm,itstillhassomecurrencyinpublicspheres.

英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.17汉译英过程—分析与实践“黄荆棍下出好人”，这个动不动就要孩子ThankYou！Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.18ThankYou！Evaluationonly.18汉英语篇对比与翻译Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.19汉英语篇对比与翻译Evaluationonly.1cohesion：thelinguistictiesandconnectionswhichexistwithintextsCoherenceis'therelevanceofoneutterancetoanother'衔接是篇章的有形网络，连贯是篇章的无形网络。作者往往着意利用词语的重复、词义的联想、对比、照应以及各种修辞手段铺设有形网络以编织无形网络，使文本传神达意。衔接与连贯英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.20cohesion：thelinguistictiesa指示词（reference）称谓语（deixis）省略（ellipsis）他常唱民歌，我永远也忘不了他唱给我的第一首歌。Hesingsfolksongs.I'llneverforgetthefirsthesangtome替代词（substitution）one(s)‘,’do‘,’so/not‘,’same‘etc.黄先生有没有拿信？可能拿过了。DidMr.Huangtakethatletter?hemighthavedone.英语语篇的衔接英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.21指示词（reference）英语语篇的衔接英语篇章特点汉英篇Itriedtogettosleep.Myneighbourownsanacousticguitarandanelectricguitar.Helikestoplaytheelectricguitar.Ihadtogetupatthecrackofdawnforworkthenextday.Theotherneighbourandhiswifemustbemoretolerantthanme.Idon'tknowwhathisotherneighbourthinksaboutit.Idon'tknowwhathiswifethinksaboutit.Myneighbourplaystheguitarquitebadly.Iwishmyneighbourwouldtakeupanotherhobby.I'mtryingtogettosleepbuthe'satitagain,myneighbour,playingtheguitar.Heactuallyownstwoguitars,asimpleacousticoneandanexpensiveelectricone.ButheseemstoprefertoplaytheelectriconelateatnightwhenI'mtryingtogettosleepandhavetogetupatthecrackofdawnforworkthenextday.Idon'tknowwhathisotherneighbourthinksaboutit,orhiswifeforthatmatter.Theymustbemoretolerantthanme.Theproblemis,notonlydoesheplaytheguitarveryloudly,buthealsoplaysitquitebadly.Ireallywishhewouldtakeupanotherhobbyaltogether,oratleastfindaquietermusicalinstrumenttoplay.英语语篇的衔接英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.22Itriedtogettosleep.Myneatextcanbelinguisticallycohesivebutincoherent,astheexampleillustrates:MyfatherboughtaLincolnconvertible.Thecardrivenbythepolicewasred.Thatcolordoesn'tsuither.Sheconsistsofthreeletters.However,aletterisn'tasfastasatelephonecall.A:That'sthetelephoneB:I'minthebathA:O.K

英语语篇的连贯英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.23atextcanbelinguisticallyc英语篇章：开门见山，直奔主题章法：introduction-body-conclusion汉语篇章：迂回曲折，委婉含蓄。章法：起承转合英语篇章：主题-段落（层层递进；直线展开）汉语篇章：不同层面，同一论点（螺旋形上升）英语段落的结构：keysentence–example;space;contrast;causeandeffect汉语：主题句不明显，断尾可引出新主题翻译策略：突出论点，减少迂回曲折汉英篇章特点对比英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.24英语篇章：开门见山，直奔主题章法：introducti汉英篇章特点对比英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略北京工美集团（原北京市工艺美术品总公司）是以生产工艺美术品为主，融科研、生产、经营、教育与一体的多元化经济联合体。|集团拥有工商企业50余家，合资企业21家，驻外贸易机构一个，开展“三来一补”业务。|特艺、地毯、抽纱共有50多种产品获国际和国家大奖，自营出口商品60大类上万个品种花色，销往世界五大洲130多个国家和地区。BeijingGongmeiGroupspecializesmainlyinartsandcrafts.|Itisaneconomiccomplexcombiningscientificresearch,production,marketing,educationandpublication.|Underthegroupareover50industrialandcommercialenterprises,including21Sino-foreignjointventures,andatradeagencyabroad.|Thegroupmanufacturesproductsaccordingtoclients’samplesordesigns,orusingclients’materials,andconductscompensationtrade.|Over50ofitsproductshavewoninternationalordomesticprizes,includingspecialhandicrafts,carpetsanddrawnwork.|Itimportsandexports10,000productsin60categories,anditsproductsaresoldto130countriesandregionsonfivecontinents.Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.25汉英篇章特点对比英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略北京工美英语：重代词、同义词、近义词、代替句型的替代作用汉语：相同词语的重复翻译策略：少重复，多替代英语：按语法形式要求进行省略（所有格、形容词及介词等后面的名词；系动词后面的表语；主谓一致时的主语或谓语等）。汉语：按语境省略（主语、领属语、中心语、关联词、谓语皆可省略）。翻译策略：省略得当，句式简洁英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略汉英段内连贯对比：替代和重复Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.26英语：重代词、同义词、近义词、代替句型的替代作用英语篇章Historiesmakemenwise;poetswitty;themathematicssubtle;naturalphilosophydeep;moralgrave;logicandrhetoricabletocontend.读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辨。Amanmayusuallybeknownbythebookshereadsaswellasbythecompanyhekeeps;forthereisacompanionshipofbooksaswellasofmen;andoneshouldalwaysliveinthebestcompany,whetheritbeofbooksorofmen.要了解一个人，可以看他交什么样的朋友，可以看他看什么样的书，因为有的人跟人交朋友，有的人跟书交朋友，但不管跟人交朋友还是跟书交朋友，都应该教好朋友。汉英段内连贯对比:重复、替代与省略英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.27Historiesmakemenwise;poets漫步山间时，听得四处竹林间的淙淙泉声，众多的细泉汇成一条狭长而深邃的小溪，顺山势而下，及至悬崖处，猛然跌落二三丈，形成一瀑布，水珠飞溅，凉透肌肤。Strollingalongthepath,youcanhearspringssingingeverywhereinthebambooforest.Anumberoflittlespringsassembleintoanarrowbutdeeplittleriver,whichrunsalongthemountainside.Whenitmeetsasmallcliff,itfallsdowneightorninemetres,formingathinwatercurtain.Thecooldropsflyaboutandsplashoveryourskin.所以每每在大雪中的黄昏里，围着暖炉，围着祖父，听着祖父读着诗篇，看着祖父读着诗篇时微红的嘴唇。Onsnowyevenings,wechildrenoftensataroundtheheatingstovebygrandpa,listeningtohimreadingpoemsandwatchinghisbusyruddylips.汉英段内连贯对比:重复、替代与省略英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.28漫步山间时，听得四处竹林间的淙淙泉声，众多的细泉汇成一条狭长衔接手段：逻辑关系、时间关系、空间关系翻译策略：添加连接词，增强连贯性。汉英段内衔接手段英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.29衔接手段：逻辑关系、时间关系、空间关系汉英段内衔接手段英语篇1.先后或列举：first,second…;inthesecondplace;nest/then;foronething…foranother…;furthermore/moreover/inaddition/besides;finally/last;and等。2.因果：consequently/asaresult/hence/accordingly/thus/so/therefore;because/since/for等。3.特例或举例：inparticular;specifically;forinstance/forexample;thatis/namely等。4.引出结论：inconclusion/finally/allinall/tosumup；evidently/clearly/actually;ofcourse等。5.But/however/yet/nevertheless;onthecontrary;ontheotherhand;neither…nor等。逻辑关系英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.301.先后或列举：first,second…;inth1.表示频率：frequently/often;occasionally/nowandthen;dayafterday;againandagain等。2.表示阶段：during;briefly;foralongtime;formanyyears等。3.表某一时刻：then/atthattime/inthosedays;lastSunday;nextChristmas;in2019;atthebeginninggoSep;atsixo’clock;twomonthsago等。4.表示开端：atfirst/inthebeginning;beforethen;intheprecedingweeks等。5.表示其间：inthemeantime/whilethiswasgoingon/meanwhile/asitwashappening/atthesametime/simultaneously等。6.表示结束：eventually/finally/atlast/intheend等。时间关系英语篇章特点汉英篇章对比汉英翻译策略Evaluationonly.CreatedwithAspose.Slidesfor.NET3.5ClientProfile.Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLtd.311.表示频率：frequently/often;occa1.表示近：closeto/near;nextto/alongside/adjacentto;facing等。2.表示远：inthedistance/far/beyond/away/onthefarside;there等。3.表示方向：up;down;forward(s);backward(s);sideways;along;across;totheleft/right;infrontof/behin