nuc980开发--boot v11用户手册简体中文

NUC980U-Bootv2016_11使用手TheinformationdescribedinthisistheexclusiveinlectualpropertyofNuvotonTechnologyCorporationandshallnotbereproducedwithoutpermissionfromNuvoton.NuvotonisprovidingthisonlyforreferencepurposesofNUC980microprocessorbasedsystemNuvotonassumesnoresponsibilityforerrorsorAlldataandspecificationsaresubjecttochangewithoutForadditionalinformationorquestions,pleasecontact:NuvotonTechnology内U-Boot使用说 配 架 编译U- 新增SPINOR配置并移除NAND配 新增SPI配置(NAND也使能 新增SPINAND配 U-Boot命 环境变 mkimage工 Watchdog 网络测试环 加快SPIflash开机速 NANDflash相关Power-on U-BootU-Boot是一个主要用于嵌入式系统的启动加载程序，可以支持多种不同的计算器系统结构,包括ARM、MIPS、x86与68K。这也是一套在GNU通用公共证之下发布的自由软体。U-Boot支持下列功能:网络:TFTP,BOOTP,串口:s-record,binary(viaFlash管理:抹除,读Flash型别SPIflashNAND内存工具:读,写,,比交互式s:命令,NUC980U-Bootv2016.11U-Boot是可配置的，U-Bootv2016.11来产生不同的配置，第二个方式是透过选单来配置。NUC980配置文件位于nuc980_evb.h中的各项定义#define#define/*12MHzcrystal#define#define#define#define#define#undef#undef#define1/*enablepassingof#defineCONFIG_SETUP_MEMORY_TAGS#define #defineCONFIG_SETUP_MEMORY_TAGSEXT_CLK外部晶振频率，timerCONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASEU-Boot:efineCONFIG_SYS_USE_SPIFLASH#defineCONFIG_SYS_USE_NANDFLASHefineCONFIG_SYS_USE_SPIFLASH#defineCONFIG_SYS_USE_NANDFLASH#define//#define//#define#define#define#define{115200,57600,/*kernelsize02#define#defineCONFIG_NUC980_EMAC0#defineCONFIG_NUC980_ETH#define1#define#define16//defaultis4,setto16#defineCONFIG_SYS_USE_SPIFLASHSPICONFIG_SYS_USE_NANDFLASHNANDCONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND:环境变量在NANDflashCONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_SPI_FLASH:环境变量在NANDflashCONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_MMC:环境变量在eMMCCONFIG_HW_WATCHDOGwatchdogtimer(CONFIG_NUC980_WATCHDOG需:定义::CONFIG_NUC980_EMAC0:NUC980CONFIG_NUC980_EMAC1:NUC980CONFIG_NUC980_ETH:NUC980:CONFIG_ETHADDRMACCONFIG_SYS_RX_ETH_BUFFER:RxFrameDescriptorsCONFIG_SYS_DCACHE_OFF:D*BOOTP#define1#define1#define#define1#define1#defineCONFIG_BOOTP_SERVERIP/*tftpserveripnotoverruledbydhcp #defineCONFIG_CMD_NAND_YAFFS2#define1#define111111111#define#defineCONFIG_ENV_RANGE0x80000~0x100000*/(4*CONFIG_ENV_SECT_SIZE)/*Envrange#defineimage*//*OffsettoRAMU-#define#define/*baseaddressforuboot*/(CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_BASE+NUBload- NUBstart- (500*/*SizeofRAMU-/*NANDchippage/*NANDchipblock(128*/*NANDchippageperblockcount#define #endif#endifCONFIG_NAND_NUC980NUC980NANDCONFIG_CMD_NANDnandCONFIG_MTD_DEVICEMTDCONFIG_MTD_PARTITIONS:MTDCONFIG_CMD_UBICONFIG_CMD_UBIFSUBIFS:CONFIG_RBTREEUBICONFIG_LZOUBIMTDIDS_DEFAULTMTD名称:CONFIG_CMD_NAND_YAFFS2:启动YAFFS2CONFIG_YAFFS2YAFFS2CONFIG_SYS_MAX_NAND_DEVICE:NANDCONFIG_SYS_NAND_BASENANDcontrollerbase:::CONFIG_ENV_RANGE:定义环境变量的范围，范围是CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET到CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET+CONFIG_ENV_RANGE.(当遇到环境变量的block是坏块时，U-Boot会将环境变量存到下一个block):放在CONFIG_SYS_UBOOT_SIZEU-Boot(codedata::CONFIG_SYS_NAND_PAGE_SIZE:NANDflashpageCONFIG_SYS_NAND_BLOCK_SIZENANDflashblockCONFIG_SYS_NAND_PAGE_COUNTNANDflashblock/*SPIflashtestcode*//*SPIflashtestcode*/#ifdefCONFIG_SYS_USE_SPIFLASH#define1#define #ifdefCONFIG_CMD_SFSPIflashsf::CONFIG_ENV_SECT_SIZEsector"U-Boot>(CONFIG_SYS_CBSIZEsizeof(CONFIG_SYS_PROMPT)+#define #define #define#define ">:::/*/*FollowingblockisforMMCsupport#define#defineCONFIG_CMD_FAT#defineCONFIG_CMD_FAT#defineCONFIG_DOS_PARTITION/*#defineCONFIG_NUC980_EMMC/*Don'tenableandNAND(CONFIG_NAND_NUC980)atthesametime!*/#ifdefCONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_MMC#define #define#define#define#defineCONFIG_NUC980_MMC:NUC980CONFIG_CMD_FATFATCONFIG_DOS_PARTITIONDOSCONFIG_NUC980_EMMC:CONFIG_SYS_MMC_ENV_DEVMMC::CONFIG_ENV_SECT_SIZEeMMC/*/*FollowingblockisforEHCIsupport*/#if1#defineCONFIG_CMD_USB#defineCONFIG_CMD_FAT#defineCONFIG_USB_STORAGE#defineCONFIG_USB_EHCI#defineCONFIG_USB_EHCI_NUC980#defineCONFIG_EHCI_HCD_INIT_AFTER_RESET#defineCONFIG_DOS_PARTITIONCONFIG_CMD_USBUSBCONFIG_CMD_FATFATCONFIG_USB_STORAGE:支持USB系CONFIG_USB_EHCIUSBCONFIG_USB_EHCI_NUC980:支持NUC980USBCONFIG_DOS_PARTITIONDOS#define#define*Sizeofmalloc()#define#define /*regularstackCONFIG_NUC980_GPIO:GPIO:U-Bootv2016.11支持透过命令“ config”来进行选单配#U-Boot apiarchCPUNUC980CPUNUC980common:U-Boot命令以及一些各平台共同的源代码doc:README文件drivers:放置驱动程序源代码NUC980的驱动程序源代码也是放在 下,例如Ethernet驱动程序就放examples放置一些范例mips.ldsMIPSfs:存放各种文件系统.例如:FAT,include存放头文件以及配置文件NUC980lib:放置各种函式库LicensesGPLnet:存放网络相关的源代码.例如:tftp.c,post:hotkey的平台post_hotkeys_pressed:test存放一些测试程序细节请参考test/READMEtools:存放一些工具,mkimage就是一个产生图像文件的工具的objectcode.##make##make#MainU-BootSPLU-MainU-BootU-SPLU-BootMainU-BootNANDflashDDRSPLU-BootNANDbootSPIboot或eMMCbootMainU-MainU-Boot和SPLU-Boot会分别产生在根 MainU-Boot的会产生在根u-boot-Elf执行档(可透过GDB或IDEu-boot.binbinaryfileNu-WriterNAND/SPIflash、eMMC中u-boot.mapSPLU-Boot的会产生在 splu-boot-spl-Elf执行档(可透过GDB或IDEu-boot-spl.binbinaryfileNu-WriterNANDflash中u-boot-spl.mapMainU-BootMainU-Boot#define#define 上面的例子，U-BootNANDBootinclude/configs/nuc980_evb.h#define#define (CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_BASE+CONFIG_SYS_PHY_UBOOT_BASECONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASESPLU-BootSPLU-Boot0x2000x200#define#define NUC980默认的配置是支持NAND不支持SPI。如果要开启SPI配置并移除NAND配置，请修改include/configs/nuc980_evb.h，然后透过“make 修改include/configs/nuc980_evb.h，打开定义“CONFIG_SYS_USE_SPIFLASH”并关掉定义“CONFIG_SYS_USE_NANDFLASH”，并将环境变量改为存放在SPIflash。#define#define/*#defineCONFIG_SYS_USE_NANDFLASH/*#defineCONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND*/#define透过 config”，禁能SPL->->SPL/TPL[]NUC980SPI透过 config”，使能NUC980SPI驱动并选择SPI运作在Quad或正常模式->->Device->SPI[*]NUC980SPISelectNUC980SPIinQuadmodeorNormalmode(Quadmode)SPIFlash透过“makeconfig”，使能SPIFlash接口支持，以及存取超过SPIFlash16Mbytes位址。同时请根据开发板上的SPIFlash厂牌开启相关的支持，下面的范例是开发板上的SPIflash厂牌是华邦。->->Device->SPIFlash[*]LegacySPIFlashInterface SPIflashBank/Extendedaddressregistersupport WinbondSPIflashsupportsf/spinand透过 ->->Commandline[]nand[*][*]SPI(NAND也使能NUC980默认的配置是不支持SPI。如果要开启SPI配置，请修改include/configs/nuc980_evb.h，然后透过 修改修改include/configs/nuc980_evb.h，打开定义 “CONFIG_SYS_USE_SPIFLASH”，并将环境变量改为存放在SPIflash。#define#define/*#defineCONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND*/#defineNUC980SPI透过 config”，使能NUC980SPI驱动并选择SPI运作在Quad或正常模式->->Device->SPI[*]NUC980SPISelectNUC980SPIinQuadmodeorNormalmode(Quadmode)sf/spi透过 config”，使能sf/spi命令->->Commandline[*]sf[*]SPIFlash透过“makeconfig”，使能SPIFlash接口支持，以及存取超过SPIFlash16Mbytes位址。同时请根据开发板上的SPIFlash厂牌开启相关的支持，下面的范例是开发板上的SPIflash厂牌是华邦。->->Device->SPIFlash[*]LegacySPIFlashInterface SPIflashBank/Extendedaddressregistersupport WinbondSPIflashsupportSPINAND 默认的配置是不支 SPI。如果要开 配置，请修include/configs/nuc980_evb.h，然后透过 修改修改include/configs/nuc980_evb.h，打开定义 “CONFIG_SYS_USE_SPIFLASH”，并将环境变量改为存放在SPIflash。#define#define/*#defineCONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND*/#define #ifdef#ifdef#define #define#defineNUC980SPI透过 config”，使能NUC980SPI驱动并选择SPI运作在Quad或正常模式->->Device->SPI[*]NUC980SPISelectNUC980SPIinQuadmodeorNormalmode(Quadmode)sf/spi透过 config”，使能sf/spi命令->->Commandline->Deviceaccess[*][*][*]SPINANDFlash透过“makeconfig”，使能SPIFlash接口支持，以及存取超过SPIFlash16Mbytes位址。同时始能SPINANDFlash并根据开发板上的SPINANDFlash厂牌开启相关的支持，下面的范例是开发板上的SPINANDflash厂牌是华邦。->->Device->SPIFlash[*]LegacySPIFlashInterface SPIflashBank/Extendedaddressregistersupport SPINANDflashsupportSelectSPINANDFlash(WinbondSPINANDflashsupport)U-BootU-boot提供一个功能强大令行接口,透过串口连接到PC端的终端机程序.输入"help"就会列出目前U-Boot支持令:U-Boot>U-Boot>0-donothing,1-donothing,?-aliasfor-printorsetaddressbdinfo-printBoardInfo-bootdefault,i.e.,run -bootdefault,i.e.,run…大部分令不需要输入完整令名称,只令前几个字母和其令可区分即可,例如elp可以输入h即可.大部分的Bt命令中的参数是6进位例外因历史包袱,sleep10进位Bootm因为Linux内核图像文件会在网络、NAND、SPI、USB、MMC等媒介，透过这些媒介相关令将Linux内核到DDR之后，再透过bootm命令完成Linux内核的开机。因此，bootmmkimageLinuxbootm命令，go(1.7.2章节会介绍“非”mkimageLinuxbootm命令的格式如下U-Boot>U-Boot>helpbootm-bootapplicationimagefrombootm[addr[arg-bootapplicationimagestoredinpassingarguments'arg...';whenbootingaLinuxkernel,'arg'canbetheaddressofaninitrdimage下面的范例是假设已经将Linux内核到DDR0x7fc0的地址，这时我们可以透过bootm命令来启动Linux内核。U-Boot>U-Boot>bootm##BootingkernelfromLegacyImageat00007fc0ImageImage ARMLinuxKernelImageDataBytes=1.6LoadAddress:EntryEntryVerifyingChecksum...OKXIPKernelImage...OKStartingkernelGoU-Boot>U-Boot>helpgo-startapplicationataddressgoaddr[arg-startapplicationataddress'addr'passing'arg'asarguments下面这个范例是执行一个已经到DDR0x100000地址的程序U-Boot>U-Boot>go##StartingapplicationatoICMPECHO_REQUESThostU-Boot>U-Boot>-sendICMPECHO_REQUESTtonetwork在使用这个命令之前IP下面这个例子,将环境变量ipaddr设为01,然后一台IP地址为U-Boot>U-Boot>setenvipaddrUsingemachost00isalive透过TFTP协议图像文U-Boot>U-Boot>helptftpboot-bootimagevianetworkusingTFTPtftpboot[loadAddress][[hostIPaddr:]bootfilename]在使用这个命令之前IPserverIP地址给环境变量下面这个范例是透过TFTP协议完成Linux内核开机.首先,将NUC980IP地址设为01,TFTPserver的IP地址设为00.然后透过TFTP协议将Linux内核图像文件到0x7fc0,最后以bootm命令完成Linux内核开机U-Boot>U-Boot>setenvipaddrU-Boot>setenvserverip00U-Boot>tftp0x7fc0vmlinux.ubUsingUsingemacTFTPfromserver00;ourIPaddressis01Filename'vmlinux.ub'.Loadaddress:Loading:*#################################################################Bytestransferred(190580U-Boot>bootm##BootingkernelfromLegacyImageat007FC0ImageImage ARMLinuxKernelImageDataBytes=1.6LoadAddress:00007FC0EntryPoint:VerifyingChecksum...LoadingKernelImage...Startingkernel透过DHCP协议从网络图像文U-Boot>U-Boot>helpdhcp-bootimagevianetworkusingDHCP/TFTPdhcp[loadAddress][[hostIPaddr:]bootfilename]下面这个范例是透过DHCP协议将Linux内核到0x7fc0这个地址.然后再透过bootm命令完成Linux内核开机.使用dhcp命令并不需要先设定ipaddr环境变量,因为DHCPserver会指定一个IP地址给你.U-Boot>U-Boot>dhcp0x7fc0vmlinux.ubBOOTPbroadcast1***UnhandledDHCPOptioninOFFER/ACK:***UnhandledDHCPOptioninOFFER/ACK:7DHCPclientboundtoaddress02UsingemacdeviceTFTPfromserver00;ourIPaddressis02;sendingthroughgateway00Filename'vmlinux.ub'.Loadaddress:0x7fc0Loading:*#################################################################1Bytestransferred(190580U-Boot>bootm##BootingkernelfromLegacyImageat00007fc0ImageImage ARMLinuxKernelImageDataBytes=1.6LoadAddress:EntryVerifyingVerifyingChecksum...OKXIPKernelImage...OKStartingkernel透过BOOTP协议从网络图像文U-Boot>U-Boot>helpbootp-bootimagevianetworkusingBOOTP/TFTPbootp[loadAddress][[hostIPaddr:]bootfilename]下面这个范例是透过BOOTP协议将Linux内核到0x7fc0这个地址.然后再透过bootm命令完成Linux内核开机.使用dhcp命令并不需要先设定ipaddr环境变量,因为DHCPserver会指定一个IP地址给你.BOOTPbroadcast1***UnhandledDHCPOptioninOFFER/ACK:***UnhandledDHCPOptioninOFFER/ACK:7DHCPclientboundtoaddress02UsingemacdeviceTFTPfromserver00;ourIPaddressis02;sendingthroughgateway00Filename'vmlinux.ub'.Loadaddress:0x7fc0 Bytestransferred(190580U-Boot>bootm##BootingkernelfromLegacyImageat00007fc0ImageImage ARMLinuxKernelImageDataBytes=1.6LoadAddress:00007FC0EntryPoint:VerifyingChecksum...XIPKernelImage...StartingkernelNandflashnand:NANDSub-U-Boot支持NANDflash相关令,包括nandinfo/device/erase/read/write.命令的U-Boot>helpnandnandU-Boot>helpnandnand-NANDsub-systemnandinfo-showavailableNANDnanddevice[dev]-showorsetcurrentdevicenandread-addroff|partitionsizenandwrite-addroff|partitionread/write'size'bytesstartingatoffsetto/fromto/frommemoryaddress'addr',badnandread.raw-addroff|partition[count]nandwrite.raw-addroff|partitionUseread.raw/write.rawtoavoidECCandaccesstheflashas-nanderase[.spread][clean]offsize-erase'size'bytesfromoffset'off'With'.spread',eraseenoughforgivenfilesize,otherwise,'size'includesskippedbadnanderase.part[clean]partition-eraseentiremtdpartition'nanderase.chip[clean]-eraseentirechip'nandbad-showbadblocksnanddump[.oob]off-dumppagenandscrub[-y]offsize|scrub.partpartition|scrub.chipreallycleanNANDerasingbadblocks(UNSAFE)nandmarkbadoff[...]-markbadblock(s)atoffset(UNSAFE)nandbiterroff-makeabiterroratoffset(UNSAFE)U-U-Boot>nandDevice0:nand0,sectorsize128Device0:nand0,U-Boot>nandDevice0:nand0,sectorsize128Device0:nand0,sectorsize128PagebOOBbEraseU-Boot>bPagePage2048OOB64Erase 131072U-nanderase.chipNAND装置U-Boot>U-Boot>nandNANDerase.chip:device0whole99%complete.Erasingat0x7fe0000--100%complete.U-下面这个范例是将Linux内核的图像文件写入NANDflash.Linux内核图像文件已事先放到DDR0x500000这个地址,大小为0x190580bytes.把他写到NANDflash偏移量0x200000的地址.然后再把Linux内核图像文件从NANDflash读回到DDR0x7FC0的地址.最后再透过bootm命令来完成Linux内核的开机.U-Boot>U-Boot>nandwrite0x5000000x200000NANDwrite:device0offset0x200000,size0x190580byteswritten:OKU-Boot>nandread0x7FC00x200000NANDread:device0offset0x200000,size0x190580bytesread:OKU-Boot>bootm##BootingkernelfromLegacyImageat007FC0ImageImage ARMLinuxKernelImageDataDataBytes=1.6LoadAddress:00007FC0EntryPoint:VerifyingChecksum...LoadingKernelImage...Startingkernel机命令格式如下:U-Boot>U-Boot>helpnboot-bootfromNANDnboot[partition]|[[[loadAddr]dev]offset]nbootLinuxNANDflash0x200000这个位址到DDR0x7fc0的地址.再透过bootm命令完成Linux内核的开机.U-Boot>U-Boot>nboot0x7fc00Loadingfromnand0,offset0x200000ImageName:Image ARMLinuxKernelImageDataBytes=1.6LoadAddress:EntryEntryU-Boot>bootm##BootingkernelfromLegacyImageat00007fc0ImageImage ARMLinuxKernelImageDataBytes=1.6LoadAddress:00007FC0EntryPoint:VerifyingChecksum...XIPKernelImage...StartingkernelSPIflashU-Boot支持SPIflash相关令,包括sfprobe/read/write/erase/update.命令的格式如下U-Boot>U-Boot>helpsf-SPIflashsub-sfprobe[[bus:]cs][hz][mode]-initflashdeviceongivenSPIbusandchipsfreadaddroffsetlenat`addr'-read`len'bytesstartingat`offset'tosfwriteaddroffsetlen-write`len'bytesfrommemoryat`addr'toflashat`offset'sferaseoffset`len'toblock-erase`len'bytesfrom`offset'`+len'roundsfupdateaddroffsetlen-eraseandwrite`len'bytesfrommemoryat`addr'toflashat`offset'U-U-要注意的一点是sfread/write/erase/update之前sfprobe这个命令sf命令可以指定SPI的速度，下面这个范例是将SPI时钟设为18MHz.U-Boot>U-Boot>sfprobe下面这个范例是将Linux内核的图像文件从SPIflash到DDR.首先，透过“sfprobe”命令设定SPI时钟为18MHz.然后用“sfread”命令将一个大小为0x190580位的Linux内核图像文件从SPIflash偏移量0x200000的地址到DDR0x7FC0的地址.最后再透过bootm命令来完成Linux内核的开机.U-Boot>U-Boot>sfprobeSF:DetectedEN25QH16-104HIPwithpagesize64KiB,total16MiBU-Boot>sfread0x7FC00x2000000x190580U-Boot>bootm##BootingkernelfromLegacyImageat007FC0ImageImage ARMLinuxKernelImageDataBytes=1.6LoadAddress:00007FC0EntryPoint:VerifyingChecksum...LoadingKernelImage...Startingkernelmd:显示内存内容U-Boot>U-Boot>helpmdmd-memorymd[.b,.w,.l]address[#ofobjects]0x100000x100ff的内存内容U-Boot>md:::: : : :::: mwU-Boot>U-Boot>helpmwmw-memorywritemw[.b,.w,.l]addressvalue[count]4word00x10000这个地址U-Boot>U-Boot>mw0x100000U-md0x10000地址的内容4wordU-Boot>::e:ee:ee.!...c..!...:eB..:e:e:ee:ee: eeeee.0eeeeeeeU-U-cmp:比对内存U-Boot>U-Boot>helpcmp-memorycmp[.b,.w,.l]addr1addr2count0x80000x9000的内容64U-Boot>U-Boot>cmp0x80000x9000wordat(0xe321f0d3)!=wordatTotalof0word(s)weretheU-mtest:内存读写测试U-Boot>U-Boot>helpmtest-simpleRAMread/writemtest[start[end[pattern[iterations]]]]0xa000000xb00000,0x5a5a5a5a,测试次数为0x20(32)次.U-Boot>U-Boot>mtest0xa000000xb000005a5a5a5aTesting00a00000...32PatternA5A5A5A5Reading...Testediteration(s)with0U-USBusb:USBsub-usb:usb:USBsub-U-Boot>helpusbusb-USBsub-systemusbstart-start(scan)USBcontrollerusbreset-reset(rescan)USBcontrollerusbstop[f]-stopUSB[f]=forcestopusbtree-showUSBdevicetreeusbinfo[dev]-showavailableUSBusbstorage-showdetailsofUSBstorageusbdev[dev]-showorsetcurrentUSBstorageusbpart[dev]-printpartitiontableofoneorallUSBstoragedevicesusbreadaddrblk#cnt-read`cnt'blocksstartingatblock`blk#'tomemoryaddressusbwriteaddrblk#cnt-write`cnt'blocksstartingatblock`blk#'frommemoryaddress`addr'U-usbU-Boot>usbreset(Re)startUSB...U-Boot>usbreset(Re)startUSB... USBEHCIscanningbus0fordevices...2USBDevice(s)scanningusbforstoragedevices...1StorageDevice(s)U-usbU-Boot>usbstart(Re)startUSB...U-Boot>usbstart(Re)startUSB... USBEHCIscanningbus0fordevices...2USBDevice(s)scanningusbforstoragedevices...1StorageDevice(s)U-usbUSBdevice1Hub(480Mb/s,|u-bootEHCIHost||+-2MassStorage(480Mb/s,KingstonDT101IIU-usbU-Boot>U-Boot>usb1:1:Hub,USBRevisionu-bootEHCIHostClass:PacketSize:64Configurations:Vendor:0x0000Product0x0000Version1.0Configuration:1Interfaces:1SelfPowered0mAInterface:0AlternateSetting0,Endpoints:ClassEndpoint1InInterruptMaxPacket8Interval2:MassStorage,USBRevision-KingstonDT101IIClass:(fromInterface)MassPacketSize:64Configurations:Vendor:0x0951Product0x1613Version1.0Configuration:1Interfaces:1BusPowered200mAInterface:0AlternateSetting0,Endpoints:ClassMassStorage,Transp.SCSI,BulkEndpoint1InBulkMaxPacketEndpoint2OutBulkMaxPacketU-usbU-Boot>U-Boot>usbDevice0:Vendor:KingstonRev:PMAPProd:DT101IIType:RemovableHardDiskCapacity:3875.0MB=3.7GBxU-usbU-Boot>U-Boot>usbUSBdevice0:Vendor:KingstonRev:PMAPProd:DT101Type:RemovableHardCapacity:3875.0MB=3.7GBxU-usbU-Boot>U-Boot>usbPartitionMapforUSBdevice0- PartitionType:StartNumSectors11dfc1dfb-010bU-usbread:从USB装置的第`blk#'开始`cnt'个block到内存地址usbwrite:将内存地址`addr'的内容写到USB装置的第`blk#'block,长度为`cnt'个block.下面这个范例对USB装置编号0的第2个block做写入动作,写入的内容是内存地址0x10000的内容,长度为1个block.然后再对USB装置编号0的第2个block做动作,1个block到内存地址0x20000.最后用cmp命令来比对内存地址0x10000和0x20000的内容,比对长度为1个block(512bytes).U-Boot>U-Boot>usbwrite0x100002USBUSBwrite:device0block#2,count1...1blockswrite:OKU-Boot>usbread0x2000021USBread:device0block#2,count1...1blocksread:OKU-Boot>cmp0x100000x20000Totalof128word(s)werethesameusbboot:USBU-Boot>helpusbU-Boot>helpusbbootusbboot-bootfromUSBdeviceusbbootloadAddrdev:part在使用usbboot命令之前,必须先透过usbwrite命令将Linux内核图像文件写到USB装置.usbwrite命令是以block为单位,写入的地址也是block编号.而usbboot会从startblock(sector)开始Linux内核图像文件,因此,须知道start(sector)的编号.这可透过usbpart命令显示出USB装置编号0的分区表.U-Boot>U-Boot>usbPartitionMapforUSBdevice0- PartitionType:StartNumSectors11dfc1dfb-010bU-U-由上图可看出startsector(block)编号是369(0x171),因此,我们透过usbwrite命令将Linux内核图像文件写到USB装置编号0的第#369(0x171)个block.Linux内核图像文件大小有几个block,算法如下.Linux内核图像文件已事先透过TFTP或ICE到内存地址0x200000的地方,而Linux内 /512=3202.75,因此,总共需要3203(0xc83)个block来存放Linux内核图像文件.U-Boot>U-Boot>usbwrite0x2000001f80USBwrite:device0block#8064,count3203...3203blockswrite:OK现在,Linux内核图像文件已存放在USB装置编号0的第#369(0x171)block,因此,我们可以透过usbboot命令将Linux内核图像文件从USB装置中到DDR.最后再透过bootm命令完成Linux内核开机.U-Boot>U-Boot>usbboot0x7fc0Loadingfromusbdevice0,partition1:Name:usbda1Type:U-ImageImage ARMLinuxKernelImageDataBytes=1.6LoadAddress:00007FC0EntryPoint:U-Boot>bootm##BootingkernelfromLegacyImageat00007fc0ImageImage ARMLinuxKernelImageDataBytes=1.6LoadAddress:EntryEntryVerifyingChecksum...OKXIPKernelImage...OKStartingkernel除了以block为单位的存取方式,U-Boot还支持fatls和fatload命令,可以透过文件系统(filesystem)来存取USB装置中的.下面这个范例用fatls命令来列出USB装置中有那些文件案,在透过fatload命令将从USB装置中到DDR,最后再以bootm命令完成Linux内核开机.U-Boot>U-Boot>fatlsusb1file(s),0U-U-Boot>fatloadusb0:10x7fc0vmlinux.ubreadingvmlinux.ubbytesreadin90ms(17.4U-Boot>bootm##BootingkernelfromLegacyImageat00007fc0ImageImageARMLinuxKernelImageDataBytes=1.6LoadAddress:00007FC0EntryPoint:VerifyingChecksum...XIPXIPKernelImage...Startingkernel环境变量相关setenvU-Boot>U-Boot>helpsetenv-setenvironmentsetenv[-f]namevalue[forcibly]setenvironmentvariable'name'to'value...'setenv[-f]name[forcibly]deleteenvironmentvariableU-ipaddr设置为echoipaddr的设置U-Boot>U-Boot>setenvipaddr01U-Boot>echo$ipaddrU-saveenv:将环境变量到flash中U-Boot>U-Boot>helpsaveenv-saveenvironmentvariablestopersistentU-U-Boot>U-Boot>helpenv-environmenthandlingenvdefault[-f]-a-[forcibly]resetdefaultenvdefault[-f]var[...]-[forcibly]resetvariable(s)totheirdefaultenvdelete[-f]var[...]-[forcibly]deletevariable(s)enveditname-editenvironmentvariableenvexport[-t|-b|-c][-ssize]addr[var...]-exportenvironmentenvimport[-d][-t|-b|-c]addr[size]-importenvironmentenvprint[-a|name...]-printenvrunvar[...]-runcommandsinanenvironmentvariableenvsave-saveenvironmentenvset[-f]name[argU-MMCmmc:MMCsub-U-BootMMCread/write/erase/list/devU-Boot>U-Boot>helpmmc-MMCsubmmcreadaddrblk#cntmmcwriteaddrblk#cntmmceraseblk#cntmmcmmcpart-listsavailablepartitiononcurrentmmcmmcdev[dev][part]-showorsetcurrentmmcdevice[partition]mmclist-listsavailabledevicesU-mmclistmmcmmc:0mmc:U-NUC980支持的mmcdeviceSDport0和mmcdevice(nuc980_evb.h当中以下两个定义#define#define#defineSDport0，eMMCNAND果SDport0和eMMC都打开，mmcdevice编号如下:device0SDport0device编号2是eMMCeMMCSDport0)(nuc980_evb.h)，关掉CONFIG_NUC980_SD_PORT0的定义。mmclist看到的结果如下U-Boot>U-Boot>mmcmmc:U-U-device编号0mmcdevdevicedevice0SDportmmcerase来抹除SD卡的block0x30和0x31,然后从DDR0x8000的地址拷贝数据到SD卡的block0x30和0x31,之后再SD卡的block0x30和0x31到DDR0x500000,最后比对DDR0x8000和0x500000的数据来确认读写SD卡的正确性。U-Boot>U-Boot>mmcdev0mmc0iscurrentdeviceU-Boot>mmcerase0x30MMCerase:dev#0,block#48,count2...2blockserase:OKU-Boot>mmcwrite0x80000x302MMCwrite:dev#0,block#48,count2...2blockswrite:OKU-Boot>mmcread0x5000000x302MMCread:dev#0,block#48,count2...2blocksread:OKU-Boot>cmp.b0x80000x5000000x400Totalof1024byte(s)weretheU-mmcdevdevicedevice1mmcerase来抹除eMMC卡的block1024到2047,然后从DDR0x8000的地址拷贝数据到eMMC卡的block1024到2047,之后再eMMC卡的block1024到2047到DDR0x500000,最后比对DDR0x8000和0x500000的数据来确认读写eMMC卡的正确性。U-Boot>U-Boot>mmcdevmmc1(part0)iscurrentdeviceU-Boot>mmcerase0x400MMCerase:dev#1,block#1024,count1024...1024blockserase:U-Boot>U-Boot>mmcwrite0x80000x400MMCwrite:dev#1,block#1024,count1024...1024blockswrite:OKU-Boot>mmcread0x5000000x4000x400MMCread:dev#1,block#1024,count1024...1024blocksread:OKU-Boot>cmp.b0x80000x5000000x4000Totalof16384byte(s)weretheU-mmcSD/eMMCfatlsfatload卡中的下面的范例是先以fatls命令行出SDport0中的，然后透过flatload命令将SD卡中的Linuxkernel图像文件(vmlinux.ub)到DDR0x7fc0，再经由bootm命令完成Linuxkernel开机。U-Boot>U-Boot>fatlsmmc 2file(s),0U-Boot>fatloadmmc00x7fc0vmlinux.ubreadingvmlinux.ubbytesreadin301ms(5.2U-Boot>bootm##BootingkernelfromLegacyImageat00007fc0ImageImage ARMLinuxKernelImageDataBytes=1.6LoadLoadAddress:00007FC0EntryPoint:VerifyingChecksum...OKXIPKernelImage...OKStartingkernelMTDmtdparts:defineflash/nandU-BootMTDpartitionadd/del/listU-BBoot>U-BBoot>helpmtdparts-defineflash/nandlistpartitiontablemtdpartsdelallmtdpartsdelpart-iddeletepartition(e.g.part-id=nand0,1)mtdpartsadd<mtd-dev><size>[@<offset>][<name>][ro]addpartitionmtdpartsdefaultresetpartitiontabletothiscommandusesthreeenvironmentvariables:'partition'-keepscurrentpartitionidentifier-partition-partition<dev-<dev-mtddevicenumber,<mtd-uniquedevicetagusedbylinuxkerneltofindmtddevicepartition:=<part-<part-id>:=<dev-'mtdids'-linuxkernelmtddeviceid<->partition:=<part-<part-id>:=<dev-'mtdids'-linuxkernelmtddeviceid<->u-bootdeviceidmapmtdparts=mtdparts=<mtd-def>[;<mtd-<mtd- :=<mtd-id>:<part-def>[,<part-<mtd- :=uniquedevicetagusedbylinuxkerneltofindmtddevice<part-def>:=<size>[@<offset>][<name>][<ro-:=standardlinuxmemsizeOR'-'todenoteallremaining :=partitionstartoffsetwithinthe:='('NAME<ro-flag>:=whensetto'ro'makespartitionread-only(notused,passedtoU-第一分区:名称为u-boot,起始位置为0x0,大小为0x200000.第二分区:名称为kernel,起始位置为0x200000,大小为0x .第三分区:名称为user,起始位置为0x ,大小为剩余空间.#define#defineMTDIDS_DEFAULT#defineMTDPARTS_DEFAULT“mtdparts=nand0:0x200000@0x0(u- U-Boot>devicenand0U-Boot>devicenand0<nand0>,#parts=activepartition:nand0,0-(u-boot)@mtdids:mtdparts:mtdparts=nand0:0x100000@0x0(u-boot),0xU-000UBIubi:ubiU-BootUBIinfo/create/read/writeU-Boot>helpubiubiU-Boot>helpubiubi-ubicommandsubipart[part]-Showorsetcurrentpartition(withoptionalVIDheaderoffset)ubiinfo[l[ayout]]-Displayvolumeandubilayoutinformationubicreate[vol]volume[size][type]-createvolumenamewithsizeubiwrite[vol]addressvolumesize-Writevolumefromaddresswithsizeubiread[vol]addressvolume[size]-Readvolumetoaddresswithsizeubiremove[vol]volume-Removevolumevolume:characternamesize:volume:characternamesize:specifiedinbytestype:s[tatic]ord[ynamic]U-ubipartU-Boot>U-Boot>ubipartCreating1MTDpartitionson"nand0":0x000001500000-0x000008000000:UBI:attachingmtd1toUBI:physicaleraseblock131072bytes(128UBI:logicaleraseblock126976UBI:smallestflashI/OUBI:VIDheader2048(alignedUBI:dataUBI:attachedmtd1toUBI:MTDdeviceUBI:MTDdevice107UBI:numberofgoodUBI:numberofbad1UBI:max.allowedUBI:wear-levelingUBI:numberofinternalvolumes:UBI:numberofuser1UBI:availableUBI:totalnumberPEBs:UBI:numberofforbadPEBhandling:UBI:max/meanerasecounter:U-U-ubiinfoubiU-Boot>U-Boot>ubiinfoUBI:volumeinformationUBI:0 UBI:1UBI:0UBI:3UBI:9UBI:usable_leb_sizeUBI:UBI:UBI: UBI:0UBI:0UBI:UBI:volumeinformationUBI: UBI:1UBI:0UBI:3UBI:UBI:usable_leb_sizeUBI:2200layoutU-ubifsmountubifsU-Boot>helpubifsmountubifsmountU-Boot>helpubifsmountubifsmount-mountUBIFSvolumeubifsmount<volume--mount'volume-name'volumeU-Boot>ubifsmountubi0:nandflashUBIFS:mountedUBIdevice0,volume0,nameUBIFS:mountedread-UBIFS:filesystembytes(101060KiB,98MiB,815UBIFS:journalbytes(5084KiB,4MiB,41UBIFS:mediaw4/r0(latestisUBIFS:defaultcompressor:forbytes(4994ubifsls列出ubifs文件系统中 U-Boot>U-Boot>helpubifsls-listfilesinadirectoryubifsls--listfilesina'directory'(default160ThuJan0100:08:091980U-ubifsumountubifsU-Boot>U-Boot>helpubifsumount-unmountUBIFSvolume-unmountcurrentU-Boot>UnmountingUBIFSvolumenandflash!YAFFS2yaffs:yaffsU-BootYAFFSmount/list/mkdir/rmdir/rd/wrU-Boot>U-Boot>ydevconfig-configureyaffsmountpointydevls-listyaffsmountpoints-yaffsymkdir-YAFFSymount-mount-YAFFS-readfilefrom-readfiletomemoryfrom-YAFFSyrmdir-YAFFSytraceytrace-show/setyaffstraceyumount-unmount-writefileto-writefilefrommemorytoydevconfigYAFFSU-Boot>U-Boot>Badarguments:ydevconfigmount_ptmtd_devstart_blockend_blockU-Boot>ydevconfignand00xb00x3ffConfiguresyaffsmountnand:dev0startblock176,endblock1023usinginbandtagsydevlsYAFFSU-Boot>U-Boot> 00x000b00x003ffusinginbandtags,notymountU-Boot>U-Boot>Badarguments:ymountmount_ptU-Boot>ymountnandMountingyaffs2mountpointU-Boot>00x000b00x003ffusinginbandtags,freeyls显示YAFFS文件系统内容,一个挂载点就是一个 区,上述的范例nand就是一个U-Boot>U-Boot>Badarguments:yls[-l]U-Boot>yls-lnand2ymkdirU-Boot>U-Boot>ymkdirU-Boot>yls-l 2U-Boot>yrmdirU-Boot>yls-l 2ywr/ywrm写一 /将一块memory存U-Boot>U-Boot>ywrnand/wr.bin0x55Writingvalue(55)100timestonand/wr.bin...doneU-Boot>ywrmnand/wrm.bin0xe000000x1000U-Boot>yls-l 259regular 258regular2yrd/yrdm读一个/将读到U-Boot>U-Boot>yrdnand/wr.binReadingfilenand/wr.binU-Boot>yrdmnand/wrm.binCopynand/wrm.bintoyrmU-Boot>yls-l 259regular 258regularU-Boot>2U-Boot>-lregular 2yumountU-Boot>U-Boot>yumountUnmountingyaffs2mountpointnandU-Boot>ydevls00x000b00x003ffusinginbandtags,notNANDflash、SPIflasheMMC(nuc980_evb.h中以下CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND:将环境变量在NANDCONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_SPI_FLASH:将环境变量在SPICONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_MMC:将环境变量在环境变量在flash的偏移量和保留给环境变量的空间大小则由配置文件(nuc980_evb.h)中以下两CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET:环境变量在flash的偏移量:当flash中不存在环境变量时，U-BootU-BootConsolebaudratebps.baudratenuc980_evb.h这是开机延迟的秒数.在这段延迟时间内,按下任何按键将会U-Boot去执行bootcmd中令脚本.bootdelay数值来自于nuc980_evb.h中的CONFIG_BOOTDELAYinterfaceactive,nuc980ethernetdevicenameemac,ethact只能设为Ethernetmacaddress.ethaddrnuc980_evb.hstderrstdinstdout每当U-Boot开机后,U-Boot会自动地执行bootcmd中令 .下面这个范例是将bootcmd令设为从SPIflash偏移量0x200000的地方 DDR0x7fc0的地址,并完成Linux内核开机.最后,记得将环境变量到SPIU-Boot>U-Boot>setenvbootcmdsfp