(完整word)2018高考英语全国卷1真题(完整版)

绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（1卷）英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?B.£9.18.C.£9.15.A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是Co1.WhatwillJamesdotomorrow?A.WatchaTVprogram..Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?A.She'sgenerous..Whendoesthetrainleave?A.At6:30..Howdoesthewomangotowork?A.Bycar.B.Giveatalk.B.She'scurious.B.At8:30.B.Onfoot.C.Writeareport.C.She'shelpful.C.At10:30.C.Bybike..Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?C.Doctorandpatient.A.Classmates. B.Teacherandstudent.C.Doctorandpatient.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）A、B、A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前， 你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

.Whatdoesthewomanregret?A.Givingupherresearch.B.Droppingoutofcollege.C.Changinghermajor..Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?A.Ecology.B.Education.C.Chemistry.听第7段材料，回答第 8、9题。.Whatistheman?A.Ahotelmanager.B.Atourguide.C.Ataxidriver.A.Ahotelmanager.B.Atourguide.C.Ataxidriver..Whatisthemandoingforthewoman?A.Lookingforsomelocalfoods.B.Showingheraroundtheseaside.C.Offeringinformationaboutahotel.听第8段材料，回答第 10至12题。.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.AthomeC.Atarestaurant.A.Inanoffice.B.AthomeC.Atarestaurant..Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?A.Gotoaconcert.B.Visitafriend.C.Workextrahours.A.Gotoaconcert.B.Visitafriend.C.Workextrahours..WhoisAlicegoingtocall?A.Mike.B.Joan.A.Mike.B.Joan.C.Catherine.听第9段材料，回答第 13至16题。.Whydoesthewomanmeettheman?A.Tolookatanapartment.B.Todeliversomefurniture.C.Tohaveamealtogether..Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?A.Itscolor.B.Itsdesign.C.ItsqualityA.Itscolor.B.Itsdesign.C.Itsquality..Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?A.It'sagoodsize.B.It'snewlypainted.C.It'sadequatelyequippedA.It'sagoodsize.B.It'snewlypainted.C.It'sadequatelyequipped..Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Godowntown.B.Talkwithherfriend.C.Makepayment.听第10段材料，回答第 17至20题。.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Moviefans. B.Newsreporters. C.Collegestudents..WhendidthespeakertakeEnglishclasses?A.Beforehelefthishometown.B.AfterhecametoAmerica.C.Whenhewas15yearsold..Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?A.He'sproud. B.He'ssympathetic.C.He'sgrateful..Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Howeducationshapedhislife.B.Howhislanguageskillsimproved.C.Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分 40分）第一节 （共 15小题；每小题 2分，满分 30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWashington,D.C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.DurationTourThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticway/toseeaworld-famouscherrytrees/withbeautifulflowers/ofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylesson/aboutthetreesandthefamousmonuments/wheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspot/beforeavailability— thecherryblossoms—disappear!华盛顿特区 自行车旅行樱桃花开的自行车之旅 /在华盛顿特区时间之旅这小团体自行车之旅是一个极好的方式 /去看世界著名的樱桃树 /伴随着漂亮的花 /关于华盛顿特区。你的导游将带给你一节历史课 /关于那些树和那些著名的历史遗迹 /在它们兴旺的地方。保留好你的斑斑点点 /在可用性之前——那樱桃兴旺——消失！WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours（4miles）JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.华盛顿首都纪念碑自行车之旅持续时间： 3小时（ 4英里）加入一个有指导的的自行车之旅，并且观察一些 /关于那最流行的纪念碑 /在华盛顿特区。探索那些纪念碑和纪念馆 /在国家广场 /当你的导游分享一些独特的事情和历史的时候 /在每个站。有指导的旅游包含自行车，头盔，饼干和瓶装的水CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute（路线）makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.城市首都自行车之旅 /在华盛顿特区持续时间： 3小时早晨或者下午， 这个自行车之旅是那最好的旅行 /对于特区新来者和当地人 /看/用一个健康的方式 /伴随着最小的努力。有见识的导游将招待你 /用最有趣的故事 /关于总统，国会，纪念碑，和公园。舒服的自行车和顺利的旅行路线使得骑脚踏车消遣 /在两个地点之间 /变得有趣和令人放松的。WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration:3hours（7miles）JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.华盛顿首都地点 /在晚上 /自行车之旅持续时间： 3小时（ 7英里）参加一个小团体自行车之旅 /在夜晚 /踏勘的 /在那心中 /华盛顿特区的。起立亲近地 /到那些纪念碑和纪念

/伴随反光衣和保险灯。/为了拍照 /当你的导游馆去 /伴随反光衣和保险灯。/为了拍照 /当你的导游提供独特的事实和历史时。旅行包含自行车，头盔，和瓶装的水。全部骑手被配备.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.你需要 /去预定哪一个旅行 /提前A.樱桃花开的自行车之旅 /在华盛顿特区B．华盛顿首都纪念碑自行车之旅C．城市首都自行车之旅 /在华盛顿特区D.华盛顿首都地点 /在晚上 /自行车之旅22.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A.Meetfamouspeople. B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums. D.Enjoyinterestingstories.你将做什么 /在那首都城市自行车之旅遇见著名的人走/到一个国家公园去参观知名的博物馆享受有趣的故事23.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A.Citymaps. B.Cameras.C.Meals. D.Safetylights.那自行车之旅 /在晚上 /提供哪一个 /那下列事物的城市地图照相机进餐保险灯GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisused/togrillingguests/onthesofa/everymorning,butsheiscookingupastorm/inherlatestrole—showingfamilies/howtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmeals/onatightbudget.早上好英国里的苏珊娜里德习惯的 /去/烧烤客人 /在沙发上 /每天早晨， 但是她正虚造一个暴风雨 /在她的最新角色里 展示家庭 /如何去准备美味的和有营养的膳食 /在一个紧的预算上。Used 习惯的adj.Cookup虚构，伪造Storm暴风雨，大动荡 n.Tightbudget紧的预算InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekand/withthehelp/ofchefMattTebbutt/offerstoptips/on/howtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipes/forunder GOodperfamilya（MorningBritainpresentersays/she’sbeenable/toputalot/of/whatshe ’sleant/intopractice/inherpreparingmeals/forsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.在省钱方面上：好的食物，她每周拜访一个不同的家并且 /伴随着那帮助 /厨师 MT的/提供顶端的秘诀 /在/如何去减少食物浪费方面上， 同时准备食谱 /。并且那早上好英国提出者说 /她有能力 /放很多 /关于 /她学习到的东西 /到实践里 /在她自己的家中，准备膳食 /给儿子们， 14岁的山姆， 13岁的芬恩，和 11岁的杰克。PutAintoB放A到B里"WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,"sheexplains."Ipay£5foraportioMbutMattmakesthemfor26Paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe ’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves."“我们喜爱墨西哥油炸饼， 所以我买们 /在我的手机上 /从我当地的墨西哥外卖餐馆， ”她解释到。 “我花5/为了一份，但是 Matt使得他们 /成为 26一份，因为他们是面粉，水，糖和油。个人能够买外卖食物，但是有时候我们不知道多么地便宜 /我们可以使得这食物成为我们自己的。Theeight-partseries（系列节目 ）,SaveMoney:GoodFood,follows/inthefootsteps/ofITVSaveMon’eys:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadvice/on/howtogetvalue/fromthevastrange/ofhealthproducts/onthemarket.那八集的系列节目，省钱：美食，跟随 /在那脚步内 /电视台的省钱：好健康，这些给予电视观众们建议/在/如何去获得价值 /从那广阔范围 /健康产品的 /在那市场上。Eight-part八集的Vastrange广阔范围Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtime/withadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight’sEasterspecial/theycome/totheaid/ofafamily/inneed/ofsomedeliciousinspiration/onabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily ’slongweekend/ofcelebration/withlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.伴随着食物我们每周最大的家庭开支，苏珊娜和 Matt花费时间 /伴随着一个不同的家庭 /每周。在今晚特殊的复活节他们来 /到那帮助去 /一个家庭的 /在需要当中 /一些美味灵感的 /在一个预算上。那队伍改变了那家庭的长周末 /庆祝的 /伴随着较少昂贵的但仍然美味的食谱。Weekly每周的，一周一次的 adj.Household家庭的，日常的 adj.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zExpense开支，消费 n.Tonight今晚n.Easter复活节n.Aid 帮助，援助 n.Inspiration灵感nBudget预算，预算费 n.Transform改变vt.Longweekend长周末Tastyrecipes美味的食谱Whatdoweknow/aboutSusannaReid?A.Sheenjoys/embarrassingherguests. B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.C.Shedislikes/workingearly/inthemorning. D.Shehashadatightbudget/forherfamily.我们知道什么 /关于苏珊娜里德？( weknowwhat/aboutSusannaReid)A.她享受 /使她的顾客尴尬 B.她已经开始了一个新计划C.她不喜欢/提早工作/在早上 D.她已经有一个紧缩的预算 /为她的家庭Embarrass使…尴尬，使…困窘vt.Dislike 不喜欢vt.Tightbudget紧缩的预算HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?A.Hebuyscookingmaterials/forher. B.Hepreparesfood/forherkids.C.Heassistsher/in/cookingmatters. D.Heinvitesguestfamilies/forher.MattTebbutt如何帮助苏珊娜？( MattTebbutthowhelpSusanna)

他买烹饪材料 /他买烹饪材料 /给她他准备食物 /给她的孩子们C.他帮助她/在/烹饪事情方面上 D.他邀请家庭顾客/为她Materials材料n.Matter 事情，事件 n.Whatdoestheauthorintend/todo/inparagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs. B.Providesomeadvice/forthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation. D.Introduceanewtopic/fordiscussion.那作者打算 /要做什么 /在第四自然段？（ theauthorintend/todowhat/inparagraph4）A.总结先前的段落 B.提供一些建议/给那读者们C.增加一些背景信息 D.介绍一个新的主题/来讨论Summarize总结，概述 vt.Previous 先前的，以前的 adj.Background背景n.Information信息n.（不可数n.）Suggestion 建议n.（可数n）Advice 建议n.（不可数n）Discussion讨论n.Whatcanbeasuitabletitle/forthetext?A.KeepingFit/byEatingSmart B.BalancingOurDailyDietC.MakingyourselfaPerfectChef D.CookingWell/forLess什么可以成为一个适合的标题 /给那文本？（ Whatcanbeasuitabletitle/forthetext）A．保持健康的 /通过聪明的吃 B.平衡我们的日常饮食C.使得你自己成为一个完美的厨师 D.很好地烹饪/为了更少Fit健康的，合适的 adj.EatingSmart聪明地吃（ eating是 n）Make使得…成为CLanguageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit（联系 ）groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialization,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalizationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld 'slanguagesarespfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof,6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?A.Theydevelopedveryfast. B.Theywerelargeinnumber.C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns. D.Theywerecloselyconnected.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"dominant"underlinedinparagraph2 ?A.Complex. B.Advanced.C.Powerful. D.Modern.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A.About6,800B.About3,400C.About2,400D.About1,20031.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?Newlanguageswillbecreated.People'slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.Wemaythinkwe'reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices（装置）wellaftertheygooutofstyle.That ’sbadnewtheenvironment—andourwallets—astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslifewhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn'tthrowoutouroldones."Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids'room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,"saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.We'renotjustkeepingtheseolddevices —wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt'steam,olddesktomonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.Sowhat'sthesolution（解决方案） ?Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?A.Theyareenvironment-friendly. B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.C.Theycostmoretouseathome. D.Theygooutofstylequickly.WhydidBabbitt'steamconducttheresearch?Toreducethecostofminerals.Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?B.Thetablet.A.Thebox-setTV.B.Thetablet.C.TheLCDTV. D.Thedesktopcomputer.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?A.Stopusingthem. B.Takethemapart.C.Upgradethem. D.Recyclethem.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign something/ou'alwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou 'lllovetolivein.Doyouwthat'sfulloflife?Professional?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?36 ,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere 'rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsycmakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.38 .They'rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves39 .Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryouwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant. 40 .WhileallofthemareusefulWhateveryou'relookingforIfyou'reexperimentingwithacolorSmallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe 'remostfamiliarwithIt'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesSoitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeColorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga"free"course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I41theideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall,whodoesn'twantto42afewdollars?Morethanthat,I'dalwayswantedtolearnchess.And,evenifIweren43enoughaboutfree'tcredits,newsaboutour44wasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,which45Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame's46.Icouldhardlywaitto47him.MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis 48wasnogameforhim:hemeantbusiness.Inhisintroduction,hemadeit49thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.Inorderto50theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto51whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand,52,toourlives.ImanagedtogetanAinthat53andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe54.TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I'mstillputtingtousewhathe55me:"Theabsolutemostimportant56_thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegood57.Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto58asituation,processwhatyouropponent（对手）isdoingand59thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions."Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmy60asajournalist.41.A.putforwardB.jumpedatC.triedoutD.turneddown42.A.wasteB.earnC.saveD.pay43.A.excitedB.worriedC.movedD.tired44.A.titleB.competitorC.textbookD.instructor45.A.urgedB.demandedC.heldD.meant46.A.fastestB.easiestC.bestD.rarest47.A.interviewB.meetC.challengeD.beat48.A.chanceB.qualificationC.honorD.job49.A.realB.perfectC.clearD.possible50.A.attendB.passC.skipD.observe51.A.addB.exposeC.applyD.compare52.A.eventuallyB.naturallyC.directlyD.normally53.A.gameB.presentationC.courseD.experiment54.A.criterionB.classroomC.departmentD.situation55.A.taughtB.wroteC.questionedD.promised56.A.factB.stepC.mannerD.skill57.A.gradesB.decisionsC.impressionsD.comments58.A.analyzeB.describeC.rebuildD.control59.A.