2024年江苏省常州市中考一模英语试卷（含答案解析）

九年级教学情况调研测试2024．4英语试题注意事项：1．本试卷共8页，满分90分。考试时间100分钟。2．请将答案全部填写在答题卡上，在本试卷上答题无效。一、单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．—Is________here?—No,BobandTimhaveaskedforleave．A．anybody B．everybody C．somebody D．nobody2．Torun________theproblems,butnotawayfromthem．Thatiswhatweshoulddo．A．beyond B．through C．towards D．against3．IknowSophia’sfavouritestarisafemalesinger,soit________bethisactor．A．maynot B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t4．Theheroesdonotwinrespectbyshowingwhotheyare,but________theyhavedone．A．where B．what C．how D．when5．—Wecansaveenergybyridingbicyclesortakingbusesinsteadofdrivingprivatecars．—________,weshouldrecyclethingslikenewspapersandclothes．A．Anyway B．Otherwise C．Moreover D．However6．Artemisinin(青蒿素)wasfirst________byChinesescientistTuYouyouinthe1970s．A．invented B．created C．produced D．discovered7．Atruefriendcanseethepaininyoureyes________othersbelievethesmileonyourface．A．because B．while C．before D．until8．Lastsummer,severalterribleforestfires________inCaliforniaandcausedgreatloss．A．brokeout B．carriedout C．putout D．turnedout9．—Couldyoupleasetellme________?—Well,heiskindandhelpful．Everyoneinourclublikeshimverymuch．A．whatdoesyourbuddylike B．whatisyourbuddylikeC．whatyourbuddylikes D．whatyourbuddyislike10．—Givingothersahelpinghandnotonlyhelpsusmakefriendsbutalsomakesushappy．—________．A．That’sallright B．That’sthecase C．It’smypleasure D．Don’tmentionit二、完形填空（共12小题；每小题1分，满分12分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LifeatCambridgewasexcitingforCharles．Thenbug(虫子)-collectingwasa11activityamongthestudentsthere．Theywouldspendalotoftimelookingforinsectsandholdcompetitionstoseewhocouldfindthemost12bugs!Bug-madCharlessoonbecameoneofthese“collectors”．13,whilelookingforbugs,Charlesfoundadeadtree—agreatplacetolookfornewinsects!Hepulledawaysomeofitsbark(树皮)andfoundaverybeautifulbug,whichhecaughtwithonehand．Hethenfound14,andcaughtitinhisotherhand．Thatwas15hesawaveryunusualbugrunningaround．Thinkingquickly,heputoneoftheinsectshewasholdingintohis16sohecouldcatchthenewone．Inasecond,herealizedhehadmadeabig17—thebuginhismouthletoutsomesourjuicethatmadehimspit(吐)itout．Inacough,he18allthreebugsandhadtostartlookingalloveragain!Hecouldn’thelpbut19atwhathadhappened:howamazing!Italsogavehimagreatidea:whynot20aclubwhereheandhisfriendscouldtasteotherunusualthings?CharlessetuptheGluttonClubtosharehisinterestin21strangecreatures．Thememberswouldservedifferentinsectsandthencomparetheirtastestoseewhichtastedbest．Theboywholovedbugsneverlosthisinterestin22thesecretsofnature．Hewouldgoontohavemanyexcitingadventures(冒险)anddiscovermanyamazingthings．YoumightnothaveguessedthattheboyinthisstoryisCharlesDarwin．11．A．hidden B．popular C．small D．challenging12．A．strange B．delicious C．expensive D．unusual13．A．Once B．Finally C．Firstly D．Later14．A．theother B．others C．another D．theone15．A．when B．where C．how D．why16．A．pocket B．mouth C．hair D．shoe17．A．achievement B．success C．surprise D．mistake18．A．killed B．hurt C．lost D．caught19．A．cry B．laugh C．shake D．scream20．A．start B．manage C．choose D．control21．A．catching B．raising C．eating D．holding22．A．filming B．telling C．watching D．exploring三、阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分）阅读下面的短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATherearemanyidiomsorsayingsinEnglishthatweusewhenwewanttodescriberelationshipsbetweenandamongfriends．Hereareafewtopracticewithyourfriends．Theidiom“throughthickandthin”isusedtodescribeafriendwhoisloyalandsupportiveduringbadtimesaswellasgoodtimes．Itmostoftendescribesafriendshipthathasbeenstrongforalongtime．Herearetwoexamples:JohnandLisahavebeenfriendsthroughthickandthin．MybestfriendandIstayedtogetherthroughthickandthin．Iftwopeopleare“liketwopeas(豌豆)inapod”,itmeansthattheygetalongverywell．Theyaretwoverygoodfriendsandtheyareverysimilartoeachother．IhaveneverseenLolaandCamilleargue;theyareliketwopeasinapod．Somefriendsareespeciallysympatheticandeasytotalkto．Theyarenotjudgmentalorimpatient．Theyaregoodatsharingourpain,whichhelpsreduceourpain．Afriendlikethisisoftencalled“ashouldertocryon”．Wecangotothispersonwithaproblemorsadnessandthispersoncanbringcomforttous．“Hititoff”withsomeonemeansfallinginlovewithsomeonequicklyorgettingalongwithsomeone．Thisusuallyhappensthefirsttimetwopeoplearemeeting．Theyoftenshareinterests,goalsandbeliefs．Thiscanhappenbetweenfriendswholikeeachotheratfirstsight．CarmenandIsabelhititoffatthepartyandaregoingtoamovietogethertoday．MikeandIdidnothititoffonourfirstdate,butwearegoingtotryoncemore．23．Whichofthefollowingmaybefriendsthroughthickandthin?A．Friendswhooftenplaygames． B．Friendswhohelpreducepain．C．Friendswhosharealongfriendship． D．Friendswhoareeasytodealwith．24．Whichofthefollowingidiomsdescribestwosimilarfriends?A．Hititoff． B．Throughthickandthin．C．Ashouldertocryon． D．Liketwopeasinapod．25．What’sthepurposeofthetext?A．TointroducesomeEnglishidioms． B．Toexplainwhatagoodfriendshipis．C．Toteachreadershowtolearnidiomswell． D．TooffersomeexamplesofEnglishsentences．BHowmanytimesdoesthechorus(副歌)repeatinyourfavoritesong?Repetitionisafeaturethatmusicaroundtheworldlikestoshare．So,whydoesmusicdependsoheavilyonrepetition?Onepartoftheanswercomesfromwhatpsychologists(心理学家)callthemereexposure(纯粹的暴露)effect．Inshort,peopleusuallypreferthingsthey’vebeenexposedtobefore．Forexample,asongcomesontheradiothatwedon’tespeciallylike,butthenwehearthesongatthegrocerystore,atthemovietheaterandagainonthestreetcorner．Soon,wearetappingtothebeat,singingthewords,andevendownloadingit．Repetitionconnectseachbitofmusictothenextbitofmusicthatfollowsit．Sowhenyouhearafewnotes,you’realreadyimaginingwhat’scomingnext．Yourmindisunconsciously(无意识地)singingalong．Recentstudieshaveshownthatwhenpeoplehearapartofmusicrepeated,theyaremorelikely(可能的)tomoveortapalongtoit．Repetitioninvitesusintomusicasimaginedparticipants(参与者),ratherthanaspassive(被动的)listeners．Researchhasalsoshownthatlistenersshiftstheirattentionacrossmusicalrepetitions,payingattentiontodifferentpartsofthesoundoneachnewlisten．Youmightnoticethemelodyofaphrasethefirsttime,butwhenit’srepeated,yourattentionmovestohowtheguitaristbendsapitch．Critic(评论家)areoftenembarrassed(被尴尬的)bymusic’srepetitiveness,findingitchildish,butrepetition,farfromanembarrassment,isinfactakeyfeaturethatgivesrisetothekindofexperienceasconcert．26．Whichofthefollowingbelongsto(属于)themereexposureeffect?A．Themoreyoulikeasong,thebetteryouwillsingit．B．Themoreyouareclosetoaplay,thebetteryouwillactit．C．Themoreyouhearasong,themorepossibleyouwillbuyit．D．Themoreyoulistentoasong,themorepossiblyyouwilllikeit．27．Howdoesrepetitioninviteusintomusicasimaginedparticipants?A．Bysingingwiththesong． B．Bylisteningtothemusicpassively．C．Byexpectingwhat’scomingnext． D．Byimaginingwhatthenotesdescribe．28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shift”probablymean?A．固定 B．转移 C．夸大 D．冷却CIfIhadacold,Iwouldn’tthinktwiceabouttellingmyfriendsormydoctor．Forsomereason,however,mental(心理的)healthisnottreatedinthesameway．Atmyprimaryschool,mentalhealthwasnotdiscussedevenonceasfarasIcanremember．Thismakesmewonderhowmanyotherschoolsarefailingtoeducatetheirstudentsonthistopic．Itmakesmesadthatchildrengrowingupwithmentalillnessmayfeellikeitissomethingtobeashamedof(对……感到羞耻的)becauseitisneverdiscussed．WhenIreachedhighschool,mentalhealthwasstillseldomdiscussed．Butwhenitwasinthetopicofhealthorbiologyclass,Iwasgivenabroadideathatmentalillnesswasa“thing”thatreallylies．Inmyopinion,overstressedhighschoolstudentscouldbenefit(获益)greatlyfrommoredeepdiscussionsabouthowtodealwithmentalhealthproblems,suchashowtoknowwhenyoushouldcareaboutyourselforafriend,orwhotoreachoutforhelp．IknowmyfriendsandIcouldhave(本可以)benefited．Evenifyoupersonallyhaveneverfacedmentalhealthproblems,someoneyouknowissuretohave,andyoucanoffertimelyhelp．Ibelieveweneedtonormalize(使……正常化)discussionsaboutmentalhealthatanearlyage,ratherthanhidingthemfromsight．Atschool,Isawastudent’sreportonmentalhealtheducationandhowitcanbecarriedoutintheAmericanschoolsystem．ThestudentusedthefilmInsideOut(头脑特工队)toexplainfeelingstoyoungerkids．Thisreportmademebelievethatitispossibletostartthesediscussionsatayoungageifwetry．Althoughwecan’tchangethewaypeoplethinkaboutmentalhealthoveronenight,therearestillthingswecando．Askingourfriendshowthey’refeelingisagoodstart．29．Whatwasmentalhealtheducationlikewhenthewriterwasinhighschool?A．Itwasdealtwithindetail． B．Itwaspaidnoattentionto．C．Itwasfarfromenough． D．Itwasconsideredimportant．30．Whatcanweinfer(推断)fromParagraph3?A．Highschoolstudentsareunderincreasingstressthesedays．B．Thereisanincreasedawarenessofmentalhealthproblems．C．Manystudentsareashamedofhavingmentalhealthproblems．D．Thewritermighthavehadmentalhealthproblemsinhighschool．31．Whatdidthewriterlearnfromthestudent’sreport?A．Kidswhoarehealthyoutsidemightbeillinside．B．Mentalhealthdiscussionscanbeheldwithyoungkids．C．TheAmericanschoolsystemisopentomentalhealtheducation．D．Watchingeducationalfilmscanhelpchildrenwithmentalillness．32．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Mentalhealthmatters! B．Isitokayifit’snotgood?C．Theearlier,thebetter! D．Howtopayattentiontomentalhealth?D“Nowitisover,”hethought．Allthewoundswerehurtingwiththecoldofthenight．“IhopesomuchIdonothavetofightagain．”Butatmidnighttheycameagaininagroup．Hecouldonlyseethelinesinthewaterthattheirfinsmadeandtheirphosphorescenceastheythrewthemselvesonthefish．Hebeattheirheadswiththetiller(舵柄),buttheshipshookheavilyastheyknockedbelow．．．Theydroveinoneafteranother,tearingoffthepiecesoffish．．．Heswung(摆动)thetillerwithallhisstrength．．．Heheardthetillerbreak．．．Hethrewhissharpporkasheavilyaspossible．．．Thelastsharkrolledaway．Therewasnothingmoreforthemtoeat．Theoldmancouldhardlybreathenowandhefeltastrangetasteinhismouth．Hespat(吐)intotheoceanandsaid．“Eatthat,galanos．Andmakeadreamthatyou’vekilledaman．”Afterawhile,hesettledtheshiponhercourse．Hehadnothoughtsnoranyfeelings．Hesailedlightlynowaswellandaswiselyashecould．Theoldmanpaidnoattentiontoanythingexceptsteering(驾驶)．Heonlynoticedhowlightlyandhowwelltheshipsailednow—therewasnogreatweightbesideher．“She’sgood,”hethought．“Sheisnotharmedinanywayexceptforthetiller．Thatiseasilyreplaced．”Hecouldfeelhewasinsidethecurrent(水流)nowandhecouldseethelightsofthebeach．Heknewwherehewasnowanditwasnothingtogethome．“Thewindisourfriend,anyway,”hethought．Thenheadded,“Sometimes．”“Andthegreatseawithourfriendsandourenemies．Bedismyfriend．Justbed．Bedwillbeagreatthing．Itiseasywhenyouarebeaten．Ineverknewhoweasyitwas．Andwhatbeatyou?”hethought．“Nothing,”hesaidaloud．“Iwentouttoofar．”33．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inthe2ndparagraphreferto(指代)?A．Thesharksattackingtheship． B．Thefishintheship．C．Thefishinthesea． D．Birdsabovethesea．34．Theunderlinedword“She”inthe6thparagraphmeans________．A．Thelastshark． B．Thedeadfish． C．Theship． D．Thesea．35．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothestory?A．Theoldcamehomesafelywithashipoffish．B．Theoldmanonlyfoughtagainstonesharkthatnight．C．Theoldmanwouldnevergoouttocatchfishanymore．D．Theoldmanthoughtbedwasalwayshisgoodfriend．36．Whatwordscanbeusedtodescribetheoldmaninthestory?A．Impatientandcareless． B．Braveandfighting．C．Bravebutweak． D．Strongbutscared．四、还原句子（共4小题；每小题1．5分，满分6分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ChopstickswerefirstusedinChinaandthenintroducedtootherareasintheworld．37Hereare3thingstoknowaboutthem．Whenwerechopsticksinvented?Longlongtimeago,Chineseancestors(祖先)actuallyalsousedhandstoeat．About3,000yearsagoduringtheShangDynasty,Chinesepeoplestartedtousechopsticks．Duringthepre-Qinperiod,chopstickswerecalled“Jia(梜)”,andintheQinandHandynasties,theywerecalled“Zhu(箸)”．Because“Zhu”sharesthesamepronunciationwith“stop”inChinese,whichisanunluckyword,bytheMingDynasty,peoplebegantocallthem“Kuai”,meaning“fast”inChinese．38Whoinventedchopsticks?39OneisthatJiangZiyawasinspired(激励)tocreatechopsticksbyamythical(神话中的)bird．AnotheroneisthatDaji,thefavoriteconsort(妃子)oftheKingZhouofShang,inventedchopsticksinordertopleasetheking．ItisalsosaidthatYutheGreat,whofoundedtheXiaDynasty,usedstickstopickuphotfoodinordertosavetimetocontrolfloods．So,chopstickscameintobeing．40Wheneatingwiththeelders,Chinesepeopleusuallylettheelderstakeupchopsticksbeforeanyoneelse．Besides,playingwithchopsticksisthoughttobeabadmanner．It’salsoimpolitetotapchopsticksontheedgeofone’sbowl,becauseinancientChinabeggars(乞丐)oftendidittoattractattention．A．Whatshouldwepayattentiontowhenusingchopsticks?B．Whatelseshouldweknowaboutthehistoryofchopsticks?C．Thisistheorigin(起源)oftoday’snameofChinesechopsticks．D．ChopsticksareconsideredoneofthesymbolsofChinesefoodculture．E．TheinventionofchopsticksplaysaveryimportantroleinChinesehistory．F．Thereisnoexacthistoricalrecordaboutthequestion,buttherearemanyfolkstoriesaboutit．五、综合填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Therearemanyspecialdaysinayear,notonlyintheWesterncountries41inChina．Mother’sDayisoneofthem．Itisaspecialdaywhenpeopleshowrespecttotheirmothers．Butdoyouknowhowitoriginated(起源)?Mother’sDaythat42(celebrate)todaybeganwithawomannamedAnnaJarvis．Shewrote43(thousand)ofletterstothelocalgovernmentandadvisedthatthesecondSundayinMayshouldbecelebrated44Mother’sDay．In1914,thegovernmentoftheUS45(final)agreed．Afterthat,thesecondSundayinMaybecameadaytoexpressloveformothersalloverthecountry．OnMother’sDay,childrenofall46(age)givetheirmothersdifferentgifts．Populargiftsincludeflowers,jewelleryorcandy．Childrenalsodonicethingssotheirmotherwillnothavetodoanyworkonthisday．Children47can’tbewiththeirmotherontheholidaysendacardwithamessageoflove．Theyalsocalltheirmotheronthetelephone48(wish)herahappyday．Mother’sDayisoneof49(busy)daysoftheyearfortelephoneuseintheUS．Nowadays,moreandmorepeoplearoundtheworldliketocelebrateMother’sday．InChina,manypeopleinvitetheirmothertoseeafilmorgo50(travel)．Somefamilygettogetherandhaveabigdinnerforthisday．Itmakestheirlifecolorfulandtheirlifeisfullofmorelove．六、根据所给中文完成句子（共6小题；每小题1．5分，满分9分）51．三思过后，他们做出了缩短行程的决定。After________,they________．52．每当落后时，他们是怎么让自己振作起来的?Howdidthey________________?53．吉姆觉得很有必要再编两个故事。Jimthought________________．54．最终证明，迈克与这次事故无关。________Mike________theaccident．55．西蒙宁愿被嘲笑也不愿放弃自己的梦想。Simon________________________________________．56．火势失控后，及时扑灭大火是多么费劲啊！How________afteritis________!七、书面表达（共1题；满分15分）57．常州历史文化底蕴深厚、经济实力雄厚、自然风光秀丽、人文景观丰富。某报社正在征集主题为“你眼中的常州”的文章，请你写篇英语文章投稿，谈谈你的看法。Youshoudshareyourideasaboutthetopic:1．WhatwasChangzhoulike10yearsago?2．WhatisChangzhoulikenow?3．Whatdoyouthinkofthechanges?注意：1．文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；2．要点齐全，语句通顺，表达清晰，书写规范；3．词数不少于100。文章的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。Changzhou,myhometown,haschangedalotoverthepasttenyears．________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案1．B【详解】句意：——大家都到齐了吗？——没有，鲍勃和提姆请假了。考查复合不定代词。anybody任何人；everybody每个人；somebody某人；nobody没有人。由答语“No,BobandTimhaveaskedforleave．”可知问的是每个人是否到了，所以用“everybody”。故选B。2．C【详解】句意：我们应该做的就是，跑向问题而不是回避它们。考查介词辨析。beyond超过、越过；through穿过、通过；towards朝向、面向；against反对。根据“butnotawayfromthem”可知，此处指“跑向问题”，故选C。3．D【详解】句意：我知道Sophia最喜欢的明星是个女歌手，所以不可能是这个演员。考查情态动词否定。maynot也许不是；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不可能。本题“IknowSophia’sfavouritestarisafemalesinger,soit．．．bethisactor．”可知，此处表示推测，can’t是否定推测，故选D。4．B【详解】句意：英雄们赢得尊重的方式不是展示他们是谁，而是展示他们的所作所为。考查宾语从句。where在哪里；what什么；how怎样；when什么时候。空出是“showing”后的宾语从句，且在从句中作done的宾语，需用what引导，故选B。5．C【详解】句意：——我们可以骑自行车或者乘坐公共汽车代替驾驶私家车节约能源。——不仅如此，我们应该回收像报纸和衣服这样的东西。考查副词辨析。Anyway无论如何；Otherwise否则；Moreover而且，此外；However然而。根据“weshouldrecyclethingslikenewspapersandclothes”可知，此处表示递进关系，故选C。6．D【详解】句意：青蒿素于20世纪70年代被中国科学家屠呦呦首次发现。考查动词。invented发明；created创造；produced生产；discovered发现。青蒿素是本身就存在，只是后来才被屠呦呦发现，用动词discovered。故选D。7．B【详解】句意：一个真正的朋友可以看到你眼中的痛苦，而其他人则相信你脸上的笑容。考查连词。because因为；while然而；before在……之前；until直到……为止。根据“Atruefriendcanseethepaininyoureyes．．．othersbelievethesmileonyourface．”可知，前后两句是对比关系，所以填while。故选B。8．A【详解】句意：去年夏天，几次可怕的森林火灾在加利福利亚爆发了，造成了巨大的损失。考查动词短语辨析。brokeout爆发；carriedout执行、实施；putout熄灭、出版；turnedout结果是、生产、关掉。根据“terribleforestfires”和“．．．andcausedgreatloss”可知，可怕的森林火灾应是爆发了。故选A。9．D【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你的好友是什么样的人吗？——他很友善而且乐于助人。我们俱乐部的每个人都非常喜欢他。考查情景交际和宾语从句。根据“heiskindandhelpful．”可知，问句应是询问好友性格是什么样子的，belike问性格，llike问喜好，排除A、C；又因为此处是宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除B。故选D。10．B【详解】句意：——向别人伸出援助之手，不仅能帮助我们结交朋友，还能让我们快乐。——事实就是那样。考查情景交际。That’sallright没关系；That’sthecase事实就是那样；It’smypleasure不客气；Don’tmentionit没关系。根据“Givingothersahelpinghandnotonlyhelpsusmakefriendsbutalsomakesushappy．”可知，此空表示赞成，故选B。11．B12．D13．A14．C15．A16．B17．D18．C19．B20．A21．C22．D【导语】本文讲了达尔文读书时热衷收集昆虫，创立美食俱乐部品尝奇异生物，为日后探索自然奥秘奠定基础。11．句意：那时，收集虫子是那里学生的一项流行活动。hidden隐藏的；popular受欢迎的，流行的；small小的；challenging有挑战性的。根据“Theywouldspendalotoftimelookingforinsectsandholdcompetitions”可知，人们会花很多时间寻找虫子，由此推测这个活动很流行。故选B。12．句意：他们会花很多时间寻找昆虫并举行比赛，看看谁能找到最不寻常的虫子！strange奇怪的；delicious美味的；expensive昂贵的；unusual不同寻常的。根据下文“hesawaveryunusualbugrunningaround．”可知，他们要找的是最不同寻常的虫子。故选D。13．句意：有一次，在寻找虫子时，查尔斯发现了一棵枯树——一个寻找新昆虫的好地方！Once有一次；Finally最终；Firstly首先；Later后来。根据“whilelookingforbugs,Charlesfoundadeadtree—agreatplacetolookfornewinsects”可知，此处讲的是他的一次寻找虫子的经历，所以填“有一次”，其他选项不符合句意，故选A。14．句意：然后他找到了另一只虫子，并用另一只手抓住了它。theother两者中的另一个；others其他的（人或物）；another再一，另一；theone那一个。根据“Hethenfound．．．”可知，此处泛指发现了另一只虫子，无范围，所以填another。故选C。15．句意：就在这时，他看到一只非常不寻常的虫子到处跑。when……的时候；where……的地方；how……的方式；why……的原因。根据“andcaughtitinhisotherhand．Thatwas．．．hesawaveryunusualbugrunningaround．”可知，此处指在用另一只手抓住虫子的时候看到一只非常不寻常的虫子，应用when引导从句，故选A。16．句意：他快速地思考着，把手里拿着的一只昆虫放进嘴里，这样他就可以抓住新的昆虫了。pocket口袋；mouth嘴巴；hair头发；shoe鞋子。根据下文“thebuginhismouth”可知，他把虫子放进了嘴里，故选B。17．句意：一秒钟后，他意识到自己犯了一个大错误——他嘴里的虫子吐出了一些酸汁，让他吐了出来。achievement成就；success成功；surprise惊喜；mistake错误。根据“thebuginhismouthletoutsomesourjuicethatmadehimspit(吐)itout”可知，虫子吐出的酸汁使他不舒服，所以他认为把虫子放进嘴巴是一个错误的决定，故选D。18．句意：在咳嗽中，他失去了所有三只虫子，不得不重新开始寻找！killed杀死；hurt伤害；lost失去；caught抓住。根据“hadtostartlookingalloveragain!”可知，需要重新再找虫子，应是之前的虫子都丢失了，故选C。19．句意：他忍不住对所发生的事情大笑起来：真是太神奇了！cry哭；laugh大笑；shake摇晃；scream尖叫。根据“howamazing”可知，此处指“大笑”，故选B。20．句意：这也给了他一个好主意：为什么不开一个俱乐部，让他和他的朋友们可以品尝到其他不寻常的东西呢？start开设；manage管理；choose选择；control控制。根据“setuptheGluttonClub”可知，此处指“开设一个俱乐部”，故选A。21．句意：查尔斯成立了饕餮俱乐部，以分享他对吃奇怪生物的兴趣。catching抓；raising养；eating吃；holding握住。根据“comparetheirtastes”可知，此处指“吃奇怪的生物”，故选C。22．句意：这个喜欢虫子的男孩从未失去探索大自然奥秘的兴趣。filming拍摄；telling讲；watching看；exploring探索。根据“Hewouldgoontohavemanyexcitingadventures(冒险)anddiscovermanyamazingthings．”可知，此处指“探索大自然”，故选D。23．C24．D25．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几个描述朋友之间关系的习语。23．细节理解题。根据“Theidiom‘throughthickandthin’isusedtodescribeafriendwhoisloyalandsupportiveduringbadtimesaswellasgoodtimes．Itmostoftendescribesafriendshipthathasbeenstrongforalongtime．”可知，“throughthickandthin”，即“风雨同舟”，这个成语用来描述一个在好时光和坏时光都忠诚支持的朋友，它最常用来形容长久以来牢固的友谊。因此，“风雨同舟”的朋友可能是分享长久友谊的朋友。故选C。24．细节理解题。根据“Iftwopeopleare‘liketwopeas(豌豆)inapod’,itmeansthattheygetalongverywell．Theyaretwoverygoodfriendsandtheyareverysimilartoeachother．”可知，“liketwopeas(豌豆)inapod”，即“如出一辙”，意味着他们相处得非常好，他们是两个非常好的朋友，彼此非常相似。故选D。25．主旨大意题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了几个描述朋友之间关系的习语，因此文章的目的是介绍一些英文习语。故选A。26．D27．C28．B【导语】本文主要讲述了音乐的重复性带来熟悉感和预测性，吸引听众参与，让人们无意识地哼唱并关注声音的不同部分，是音乐体验的关键特征。26．细节理解题。根据“Inshort,peopleusuallypreferthingsthey’vebeenexposedtobefore．”可知，暴露效应指的是人们通常更喜欢他们以前接触过的东西。D选项“你听一首歌的次数越多，你就越有可能喜欢它。”符合，故选D。27．细节理解题。根据“Repetitionconnectseachbitofmusictothenextbitofmusicthatfollowsit．Sowhenyouhearafewnotes,you’realreadyimaginingwhat’scomingnext．Yourmindisunconsciously(无意识地)singingalong．”可知，重复将每段音乐与随后的下一段音乐联系起来。所以当你听到几个音符时，你已经在想象下一个音符是什么了。你的大脑在无意识地跟着哼唱。故选C。28．词义猜测题。根据“payingattentiontodifferentpartsofthesoundoneachnewlisten”可知，每次重新听时都要注意声音的不同部分，所以划线单词意思为“转移”，故选B。29．C30．D31．B32．A【导语】本文讲了心理健康问题不像感冒那样被重视，学校教育中也很少讨论。作者认为，公开讨论心理健康问题很重要，尤其是对压力大的高中生。29．推理判断题。根据“WhenIreachedhighschool,mentalhealthwasstillseldomdiscussed．”可知，当作者上高中时，心理健康仍然很少被讨论。故选C。30．推理判断题。根据“IknowmyfriendsandIcouldhave(本可以)benefited．”可知，作者在高中也有心理健康问题，故选D。31．细节理解题。根据“Thisreportmademebelievethatitispossibletostartthesediscussionsatayoungageifwetry．”可知，这份报告让作者相信，如果我们尝试，在年轻的时候就开始这些讨论是可能的。故选B。32．最佳标题题。本文讲了心理健康问题不像感冒那样被重视，学校教育中也很少讨论。作者认为，公开讨论心理健康问题很重要，尤其是对压力大的高中生。A选项“心理健康很重要！”符合，故选A。33．A34．C35．D36．B【导语】本文讲了老人与鲨鱼搏斗一夜，终于赶走了鲨鱼。尽管精疲力尽，但老人还是驾船返航。他意识到失败并不可怕，可怕的是不知道是什么打败了自己。33．词义猜测题。根据“Hecouldonlyseethelinesinthewaterthattheirfinsmadeandtheirphosphorescenceastheythrewthemselvesonthefish．”及“buttheshipshookheavilyastheyknockedbelow”并结合选项可知，此处“they”指代的是攻击船的鲨鱼，故选A。34．词义猜测题。根据“Sheisnotharmedinanywayexceptforthetiller．”可知，“she”指代的是船，故选C。35．细节理解题。根据“Bedismyfriend．Justbed．”可知，老人认为床一直是他的好朋友，故选D。36．推理判断题。根据“Hebeattheirheadswiththetiller(舵柄),buttheshipshookheavilyastheyknockedbelow．．．Thelastsharkrolledaway．Therewasnothingmoreforthemtoeat．”及“Andwhatbeatyou?．．．Nothing”可知，他勇敢而好战的，故选B。37．D38．C39．F40．A【导语】本文介绍了筷子的相关信息，包括发明时间、发明者及使用注意点。37．根据“ChopstickswerefirstusedinChinaandthenintroducedtootherareasintheworld．”可知，此空从总体上来介绍筷子，D选项“筷子被认为是中国饮食文化的象征之一。”符合，故选D。38．根据空格位置可知，此空总结该段落，C选项“这就是今天中国筷子名字的由来。”符合，故选C。39．根据“Whoinventedchopsticks?”及“OneisthatJiangZiyawasinspired(激励)tocreatechopsticksbyamythical(神话中的)bird．”可知，此空讲“问题的答案与故事有关”，F选项“关于这个问题没有确切的历史记载，但有许多民间故事。”符合，故选F。40．根据空格位置可知，此处为段落小标题，为特殊疑问句，结合段落大意可知，主要讲的是“使用筷子需要注意的内容”，A选项“使用筷子时要注意什么？”符合，故选A。41．but42．iscelebrated43．thousands44．as45．finally46．ages47．who##that48．towish49．thebusiest50．travelling【导语】本文介绍了母亲节的起源和活动。41．句意：一年中有很多特殊的日子，不仅在西方国家，在中国也是如此。根据“notonly”可知，考查notonly．．．but(also)．．．“不仅……而且……”，故填but。42．句意：今天庆祝的母亲节始于一位名叫AnnaJarvis的女人。根据“Mother’sDaythat．．．todaybeganwithawomannamedAnnaJarvis．”可知，此处为定语从句，that指代先行词“Mother’sDay”，与“celebrate”是被动关系，根据“today”可知，从句为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为“Mother’sDay”，所以结构为“is+过去分词”；celebrate的过去分词为celebrated。故填iscelebrated。43．句意：她给当地政府写了数千封信，并建议将五月的第二个星期日定为母亲节。根据“ofletters”可知，此处考查thousandsof“数千的”，故填thousands。44．句意：她给当地政府写了数千封信，并建议将五月的第二个星期日定为母亲节。根据“thesecondSundayinMayshouldbecelebrated．．．Mother’sDay．”可知，此处考查becelebratedas．．．“作为……被庆祝”，as“作为”符合句意，故填as。45．句意：1914年，美国政府终于同意了。根据“agreed”可知，此处填副词finally修饰动词，故填finally。46．句意：在母亲节，各个年龄段的孩子都会给母亲不同的礼物。根据“all”可知，此处填名词复数ages。故填ages。47．句意：不能在假期与母亲在一起的孩子会寄一张卡片，上面写着爱的信息。根据“Children．．．can’tbewiththeirmotherontheholidaysendacardwithamessageoflove．”可知，此处为定语从句，从句缺少主语，且指代先行词“Children”，所以用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。48．句意：他们还打电话给母亲，祝她有快乐的一天。根据“Theyalsocalltheirmotheronthetelephone．．．herahappyday．”可知，此处表示打电话的目的，表目的用动词不定式，故填towish。49．句意：母亲节是美国一年中电话使用最繁忙的日子之一。根据“oneof”可知，考查oneof+the+形容词最高级+名词复数“……之一”，busy的最高级为busiest。故填thebusiest。50．句意：在中国，很多人邀请妈妈去看电影或去旅游。根据“go”可知，考查go+动名词“去做某事”，travel的动名词为travelling。故填travelling。51．thinkingtwicedecidedtocutthetripshort##decidedtocutthejourneyshort【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“三思”和“做出了缩短行程的决定”的英文表达。thinktwice“三思”，介词“after”后填动名词thinking；decidetodosth．“做出决定做某事”，该句为一般过去时，填动词过去式decided；cutthetrip/journeyshort“缩短行程”。故填thinkingtwice；decidedtocutthetrip/journeyshort。52．cheerthemselvesupwhenfallingbehind(everytime)##cheerthemselves