英语2-综合训练完形+翻译

英语2-综合训练完形+翻译英语2-综合训练完形+翻译英语2-综合训练完形+翻译xxx公司英语2-综合训练完形+翻译文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度【U1】“You’re

going

to

another

country

to

study?

How

wonderful!

You're

really

lucky!”

“你去另一个国家学习?多么美妙!你真幸运!”

Butisittrueallthetime

Specialistsininterculturalstudiessaythatitisnoteasytoadjusttolifeinanewculture.Theycallthefeelingswhichpeopleexperiencewhentheycometoanewenvironmentcultureshock.但这是真的吗?跨文化研究专家说,不容易适应生活在一个新的文化。他们叫人的感情经历文化冲击当他们来到一个新的环境。According

to

these

specialists,

there

are

three

stages

of

culture

shock.

In

the

first

stage,

the

newcomers

like

their

environment.

Then,

when

the

newness

wears

off,

they

begin

to

hate

the

city,

the

country,

the

people,

the

apartment,

and

everything

else

in

the

new

culture.

In

the

final

stage

of

culture

shock,

the

newcomers

begin

to

adjust

to

their

surroundings.

As

a

result

,they

enjoy

their

life

more.

根据这些专家,有三个阶段的文化冲击。在第一阶段,新来者像他们的环境。然后,当新鲜感消退,他们开始讨厌这个城市,这个国家,人民,公寓,一切在新的文化。在文化冲击的最后阶段,这些新来者开始适应周围环境。因此,他们更享受他们的生活。Some

of

the

factors

in

culture

shock

are

obvious.

Perhaps

the

customs

are

different.

Perhaps

the

public

service

networks

such

as

the

telephone

or

post

office

are

difficult

to

understand

and

you

make

mistakes.

The

simplest

things

seem

difficult.

The

language

may

be

difficult.

The

food

may

seem

strange

to

you.

You

may

also

miss

the

familiar

smells

of

the

food

you

are

used

to

in

your

own

country.

If

you

don't

look

similar

to

the

natives,

you

may

feel

strange.

You

may

feel

like

everyone

is

watching

you.

In

fact,

you

are

always

watching

yourself.

You

are

self-conscious.一些因素的文化冲击是显而易见的。也许海关是不同的。也许等公共服务网络电话或邮局是很难理解,你犯错误。最简单的事情看起来困难。语言是非常困难的。你的食物看起来很奇怪。你也错过了熟悉的气味的食物你习惯于在自己的国家。如果你没有类似于当地人,你可能会感到奇怪。你可能会觉得每个人都看着你。事实上,你总是看自己。你是自我意识。WhoexperiencescultureshockEveryonedoesinsomeformoranother.Butcultureshockcomesasasurprisetomostpeople.Alotofthetime,thepeoplewiththeworstcultureshockarethepeoplewhoneverhadanydifficultiesintheirowncountries.Theyhadhobbiesorleisureactivitieswhichtheyenjoyedbackintheirmothercountry.Whentheycometoanewcountry,theydonothavethesameestablishedpositionsorhobbies.Theyfindthemselveswithoutarole,almostwithouta(n)identity.Theyhavetobuildanewself-image.Thiscantakealongtime.谁经历文化冲击?每个人都以某种形式或另一个。但文化冲击之际,对大多数人来说一个惊喜。很多时候,人们最严重的文化冲击是没有任何困难的人在他们自己的国家。他们的爱好或休闲活动,他们喜欢回到自己的祖国。当他们来到一个新的国家,他们没有相同的头寸建立或爱好。他们发现自己没有一个角色,几乎没有(n)的身份。他们必须建立一个新的形象。这可能需要很长时间。【U2】TheOlympicswerefirststartedbytheGreeksandwereveryreligiousinnature.TheGreekshonoredtheirgodsbyholdingcompetitionsaswellasbysinginganddancing.WhentheGameswereheld,allthecitiesofGreecestoppedtheirwarstoshowtheirrespectforthegods.奥运会开始了希腊和非常宗教的性质。希腊人纪念他们的神的比赛和唱歌和跳舞。奥运会举行时,所有的希腊城市停止了他们的战争来显示他们对神的尊重。TherewereoriginallyfourtownsinwhichtheGameswereheldandeachtownheldtheGamesonceinfouryears.ButtheGamesatOlympiawerethemostimportant

.Thefour-yearperiodfromthebeginningofoneOlympicGamestothebeginningofthenextbecameknownasan“Olympiad”.最初四个城镇的运动会,每个城镇举行奥运会四年一次举行。但奥运会在奥林匹亚是最重要的。从一开始四年的奥运会的开始下一个被称为一个“奥林匹克运动会”。Apartfromthesinginganddancing,theGameswereverylikethemodernOlympicsoftoday.Therewerefoot-racesinastadiumoverlongandshortdistances.Therewerejumpingevents,throwingevents,andboxing.除了唱歌和跳舞,游戏很像今天的现代奥运会。有奔跑在球场长和短的距离。有跳事件,事件,和拳击。Onlymenwereallowedtocompeteinorwatchtheseearlygames.Laterwomenwereallowedtowatchbuttheydidnotcompete.ThestadiuminGreektimeswasbuiltinahorseshoeshape.Thousandsofmen,andlaterwomen,applaudedthegreatestathletesinthecountryastheycompeted.TheylookedforwardtotheGameswithmuchexcitement.只有男性才可以参加或观看这些早期的游戏。后来女性被允许看但是他们没有竞争。体育场在希腊时期建于一个马蹄的形状。成千上万的男人,后来女性竞争,中国最伟大的运动员鼓掌喝彩。他们期待着奥运会太多的兴奋。TheancientOlympicGamesofGreecetookplaceeveryfouryearsforhundredsofyears.ButafterthefifthcenturyB.C.,theGreekswereoverpoweredbytheRomans.ThenGreecebecamepartoftheRomanEmpire.InRomantimestheOlympicGamesbecamelessof

areligiouseventthanitwasduringGreektimes.Thefocuschangedtothegamesthemselves.FurtherchangestotheOlympicGameshavebeenmadesince.EvenwiththechangestotheOlympicGames,however,westillremembertheplaceoftheirbirth.希腊的古代奥运会每四年举行一次几百年来。但是在公元前五世纪,希腊被罗马人制服了。那么希腊成为罗马帝国的一部分。在罗马时代奥运会变得不那么比希腊时期的宗教活动。焦点改变游戏本身。进一步改变奥运会了。即使改变奥运会,然而,我们仍然记得他们出生的地方。AndweareremindedoftheoriginalGamesevenmore,becauseGreecehostedthegamesveryrecently.The2004SummerOlympicswereheldinAthens,Greece.Over200countriesparticipatedintheGames.Also,forthefirsttimeever,theOlympicflame,nowveryimportanttotheOlympics,traveledaroundtheworldinarelay.Theexcitementof2004andthatoftheoriginalcompetitionsstayswithusaswelookforwardtofutureOlympicGames.我们想起了最初的游戏更多,因为希腊最近举办了游戏。在2004年夏季奥运会在雅典举行,希腊。200多个国家参加了奥运会。有史以来第一次,奥运圣火,现在非常重要的奥运会,在继电器一起环游世界。2004年的兴奋和原来的比赛将一直伴随我们期待未来的奥运会。【U3】Choosingyourlifepartnerisadecisionthatrequiresverycarefulthought.Gettingmarriedissomethingyoudonotwanttotakelightly.Divorceratesaroundworldareincreasingeveryyear.Andinsomecountriestheyarenowashighas50percent!Ifyoudon’twanttoendupdivorcedandheart-broken,takemyadvicetohelpyouchooseyourperfectpartner.选择你的生活伴侣是一个决定,需要非常小心。结婚是你不想掉以轻心。每年世界各地的离婚率都增加。在一些国家,他们现在高达50%!如果你不想离婚,因此伤心欲绝,采取我的建议来帮助你选择你的完美伴侣。Firstofall,youandyourpartnershouldbecompatible.Youneedtoknowthatyoushareacommonpurposeinlife.Youandyourpartnershouldhavesimilargoalsandambitionsthatyoucanworktowardachievingthroughyourmarriedlife.Itwillbedifficulttokeepyourmarriagetogetherifyourpartnerwantstostayathomeandraisealargefamily,butyouwanttotraveltheworld.Youmighthavedifficultytellinghimthatyouwanttohavealifefreefromhavingchildren.首先,你和你的伴侣应该是兼容的。你需要知道你分享一个共同的目的。你和你的伴侣应该有类似的目标和野心,你可以通过你的努力实现婚姻生活。很难让你的婚姻如果你的伴侣想要呆在家里,提高一个大家庭,但是你想要环游世界。你可能会有困难告诉他,你想有一个没有孩子的生活。Next,askyourselfthisquestion:IsmypartnerapersonwithwhomIcansharemydeepestthoughtsandfeelings

Inotherwords,canyoubecompletelyhonestandopenwiththisperson

Ordoyousometimesfeelshyanduncomfortabletellingherhowyoufeel

Ifyoursituationistheformer,thenyouhaveprobablyfoundyourtruelove.If,however,itisthelatter,takeyourtimebeforeyoumarrythisperson.接下来,问问你自己这个问题:我的伴侣和我可以分享我的最深的一个人的想法和感受呢换句话说,你可以和这个人完全诚实和开放吗或者你有时会感到害羞和不舒服的告诉她你的感受如果你的情况是前者,那么也许你已经找到了你的真爱。然而,如果是后者,你把你的时间嫁给这个人。Marryapersonwhoispoliteandkindtoothers;hewillbepoliteandkindtoyou.Inmyexperience,youcanlearnalotaboutthetruenatureofapersonbywatchinghowhetreatsotherpeople.Ifsomeoneiskindandgivingtofamilyandfriends,hewilldothesametoyou.Someonewhohasgoodmannersandispoliteandrespectfulwhendealingwithothersiswhomyoushouldbelookingfor.Hewillshowyouthesameconsideration.嫁给一个人礼貌和善待别人,他会对你有礼貌和亲切。根据我的经验,你可以学到很多关于一个人的本性看他如何对待别人。如果有人,给家人和朋友,他会对你做同样的事情。礼貌,礼貌和尊重的人在与别人打交道时你应该找谁。他将告诉你同样的考虑。Finally,whenyouenterintoarelationshipwithsomeone,rememberthatyoushouldnotexpecttochangethatperson.Besurethatthepersonyouaregettingtogetherwithissomeoneyoulikeexactlythewayheis.Otherwise,youaresuretobedisappointed.最后,当你与某人进入一段关系,记住,你不要指望改变这个人。确保你的人与你喜欢的人到底是他的方式。否则,你肯定要失望了。【U4】Universitiesareattheirbestwhentheydomorethangivestudentsknowledgeabouttheirsubjects.AnewscienceandengineeringfirstdegreeprogramiscreatingalotofexcitementattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT).Itishelpingtopreparestudentstobecomeleaderscapableofcreatinganddirectingchangeinlocal,national,andglobalcommunities.Expertsbelievethatmuchcanbeexpectedofthis.Thedetailsmightbeofsomeinteresttoyou.大学是在他们最好的时候做的更多,而不是给学生知识的学科。一个新的科学与工程学士学位程序创建大量的兴奋在麻省理工学院(MIT)。这是帮助学生成为领导人的能力创造和引导当地的变化,国家和全球社区。专家认为,可以预期。细节可能会对你有些兴趣。Threeyearsago,MITworkedwithLeadership,Inc.tocreatetheinstitute-basedLeaderShapeInstitute.Programleaderscallit“aseriousandcreativeresponsetotoday’sbasicchallenges”.Theymeantodevelopstudentsandengineerswhoarepreparedto“leadwithintegrity”bothintechnologicalfieldsandinsociety.Centraltotheeffortishelpingstudentstolearntolistentosocietyasitexpressesitsneedforchange.三年前,麻省理工学院与领导,公司创建研究所领导人形状。项目领导人称之为“一个严重的和创造性的基本应对当今的挑战”。他们想开发学生和工程师准备“铅与完整性”在技术领域和社会。努力的核心是帮助学生学会倾听社会表达其改变的必要性。Forthepastthreesummers,theLeaderShapeInstitutehasprovided120MITscienceandengineeringstudentswithathoroughsix-dayexperiencefeaturinghighlyinteractiveteachingandlearningmethodologies.Throughouttheprogram,studentsdevelopskillsinproblemidentificationandproblemsolving.Theyarealsoinstructedinprofessionalmorals,decision-making,dealingwithuncertainty,workingwithinadiversecommunity,andrelationshipcommunication.Mostdiscussionsandactivitiestakeplaceinassignedsmall“groups”.Thesegroupsprovidesupportive,safeenvironmentsthatpromotelearning.Itismeantthatstudentsdevelopnewskillsandattitudes.Eachparticipantcreatesanindividualplanofactioncalleda“vision”,whichisamainelementoftheLeaderShapecurriculum.Eachvisionmustbedesignedtobringconfidentchangetotheinstitutecommunity.Itmustbecarriedoutduringthefollowingschoolyear.过去三个夏季,领袖形状研究所提供了120年麻省理工学院科学与工程的学生彻底六日体验具有高度交互性的教学和学习方法。整个程序,培养学生识别问题和解决问题的技能。他们也要求在职业道德、决策、处理不确定性,工作在一个多元化的社区,和沟通的关系。大多数的讨论和活动发生在分配小“组”。这些团体提供支持、安全环境,促进学习。它意味着学生发展新的技能和态度。每个参与者创建一个个人行动计划称为“愿景”,这是一个领导者的主要元素形状的课程。每个愿景必须旨在给研究所带来自信改变社会。它必须在接下来的学年。SowhatdostudentsthinkaboutwhattheylearnfromtheLeaderShapeInstitute

Nearlyeveryoneaskedaboutitspeakshighlyoftheirexperience.Onestudent,ChristyRobertson,saidthatithadchangedherlife.“IfeelthatthethingsI’velearnedherearemoreimportantthananythingelseI’veeverlearnedinauniversityclassroom,”shesaid.“IonlywishthatIcouldsignuptotakeitasecondtime.”Manyotherstudentsfeelthesameway.所以学生觉得从形状所长他们学习什么?几乎每个人都被问到它高度评价他们的经验。一个学生,克里斯蒂Robertson说,它已经改变了她的生活。“我觉得我在这里学到的东西比别的更重要我学习在一所大学的教室,”她说。“我只希望我可以签署第二次。“许多其他学生有同样的感觉。【U5】Therearetwowaystospoilachild,thatis,“overindulgence”and“oversubmissiveness”.Theproblemwithoverindulgentparentingisthatitstarves

thechildoftheopportunitytothinkforhimself.Italsokeepshimfrommakinghisowndecisions

anddevelopinghisownneedsandpreferences.Anoverindulgedchildneverhastostruggle

togetsomethingforhimself.Heneverhastoentertain

anyidea,chancesorpossibledifficulties.Whenhisparentsarebusytoprepareeverythingforhimandhe’stired

ofallhistoys,thischildis“spoiled”intobelievingthatlifewillprovidehimeverythingwithout

hisowneffort.Andwhenhegrowsup

hewillexpecteveryonetoreadhismindandprovideforhiminthisway.有两种方法可以破坏一个孩子,也就是说,“放纵”和“过度顺从”。纵容自己养育的问题在于,它使孩子们为自己思考的机会。也让他从自己的决策和发展自己的需求和喜好。一个溺爱的孩子从来没有为自己努力得到一些东西。他从来没有接受任何想法,很可能或可能的困难。当他的父母正忙着为他准备的一切,他厌倦了他所有的玩具,这个孩子是“被宠坏的”相信生活将提供他一切都没有自己的努力。长大后,他会期望每个人都读他的主意,以这种方式提供给他。Theotherkindofspoiling

isoversubmissiveness.Anoversubmissiveparentgivesintoallhischild’sdemands,oftenbecausehefearsthechildwon’tlovehimifhedoesn’t.Hejustisn’tabletogivea(n)firm

“No”.Theparenthasnotimetohimself,can’tgetthechildtodoanythingwithoutanargument,andhastolistentowhiningcontinuously.Whenhe’shad

toomuch

,heexplodesinanger.Thenhegivesintothechildevenmorebecausehefeelsguilty

forexploding.Childrenneedtolearnthattherearefirmandconsistentlimits,andthattheywon’tbeallowedtotakeadvantageofotherpeople.另一种破坏过度顺从。过度顺从的父母给他孩子的全部要求,往往是因为他担心孩子不会爱他如果他不。他只是无法给(n)公司“不”。父母没有自己的时间,不能让孩子做任何事情没有一个论点,并听牢骚不断。他有太多时,他愤怒地爆炸。然后他给了孩子更多的是因为他觉得有罪爆炸。孩子需要学习,有公司和一致的限制,,他们不会允许别人利用。Thechildwithanoversubmissiveparentdoesn’tlearntoaccepta“No”fromotherpeople,ortoset

limitsforhimself.Helearnstogethiswaybyfussingandtheever-present

threat:“Ifyoulovedme,you’ddowhatIwant.”过度顺从的父母的孩子没有学会接受别人的“不”,或为自己设定界限。他学会变得烦躁和无时不在的威胁:“如果你爱我,你会做我想做的事。”Thechild“spoiled”byoversubmissiveparentinggrowsupintoateenagerandadultwithoutlimits

tohisbehavior.Healsobecomesapersonwhowon’t

respect

otherpeople’slimitsandpersonalboundaries.Hemakeslifemiserable

forhisparents,spouse,andchildren,infringingontheirrightsandfeelings.Hedoesthiswithoutevenbeingaware

ofthepeoplehehurts.Clearly,thisisnotgoodforanybody.孩子“被宠坏的”过度顺从养育长大成一个少年和成人没有限制他的行为。他也变成了一个人不会尊重他人的限制和个人边界。他使他的父母生活悲惨,配偶,孩子,侵犯他们的权利和情感。他这样做,甚至没有意识到他伤害的人。显然,这不是适合任何人。Avoidingthesetwowaysofspoilingisdifficult,butwellworththeeffort.避免这两种破坏方式是困难的,但是很值得。【U6】HowimportantareourclothesItisinterestingtoreflectonhowmuchwejudgepeoplebytheclothestheywear.Longhairandbluejeanswithholes

Wewouldthinkthathemightbeastudentasthatisafashionstartedbyyoungpeople.Anelegantladyinabeautifuldress

Shemustbeaforeigner,wethink.Englishwomenofthatagedon'tdresssosmartly,andsheprobablyhasmoney,too.Andthatmanwithawell-tailoredsuitwalkingovertherewithanumbrella

Abusinessman,ofcourse,andundoubtedlyEnglish.WhyEnglish

Well,heisformallydressed.Also,onlyanEnglishmanwouldalwayscarryhistreasuredumbrella,evenwhenitisnotraining.我们的衣服有多重要有趣的是反思我们判断一个人,他们穿的衣服。长头发和蓝色牛仔裤洞吗我们会认为他可能是一个学生,这是一个时尚的年轻人开始。一位优雅的女士在一个美丽的衣服吗她一定是个外国人,我们认为。英语,年龄的女性不要裙子非常漂亮,和她可能有资金。和那个男人西装和一把雨伞走那边吗一个商人,当然,毫无疑问英语。为什么英语吗嗯,他是穿着正式。同样,只有一个英国人总是带着他的珍贵的伞,即使不下雨。Ioncereadofanewswriterwhowentintoaveryexpensivedepartmentstorepoorlydressed.Shewaswatchedwithsuspicionfromthemomentshewalkedintothestore.Assheexaminedthegoods,shewaswatchedcarefullybysecurityguardsinthestore.Whenshefinallydecidedonasmallpurchase,shesaidshehadforgottentobringenoughmoneywithherandaskedifshecouldpaybycheck.Theclerkpolitelytoldherthatcheckswerenotacceptedforgoodsoftwodollarsorunder.Thenextdayshewentback,dressedwell,smellingofexpensiveperfume.Shechoseanevencheaperarticle,toldthesamestoryandhercheckwasacceptedwithoutquestion.Itonlygoestoshowhoweasilyweareimpressedbyclothes.我曾经读过新闻作家进入一个非常昂贵的百货商店衣衫褴褛。她用怀疑的眼光看着从走进了商店。她检查了货物,被保安在店里看仔细。当她最终决定购买,她说她忘记带足够的钱,问她是否可以用支票付款。服务员礼貌地告诉她,检查商品不接受两美元或以下。第二天她回来,穿着昂贵的香水的气味。她选择了一个更便宜的文章,讲的也是同样的故事和她接受了检查没有问题。它只说明我们是多么容易衣服印象深刻。Somepeoplearguethatjudgingotherpeoplebytheclothestheywearisunfair.Otherpeoplethinkotherwise.Theythinkthataperson'sappearanceisanexpressionofwhoheis.Anuntidypersonmayrightlybethoughtofasapersonoflowsocialstatus,orevenlowquality."Anypersonwithabitofself-respectcanlookniceifhewantsto.Expensiveclothesaren'tnecessary.Andifapersondecidesnottolookpresentable,whyshouldIgivehimrespect"

onepersonsays.有些人认为,判断别人,他们穿的衣服是不公平的。其他的人认为否则。他们认为一个人的外表是一个表达他是谁。一个不整洁的人自然会被认为是一个社会地位低下的人,甚至是低质量。“任何人的自尊可以很好看,如果他想。昂贵的衣服不是必要的。如果一个人决定不打扮漂亮点,我为什么要给他尊重”

一个人说。【U7】Herearesomesecretsoflivingasuccessfullife:这里有一些成功的生活的秘密:Haveaselfyourespect.Thismeanshavingadeepsenceofres