上海市徐汇区2020-2021学年九年级上学期期末（中考一模）英语试卷(含详解)

2020学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷

初三英语试卷Part2Phonetics,GrammarandVocabularyII.Choosethebestanswer.Agoodwaytomakeapieceofwritingcometolifeistodescribethingsthroughsenses.A.a B.an C.the D./Duringwinter,temperaturesfrequentlydropbelowfreezingnight.A.in B.at C.on D.forJohnaskedtheoldmantoteachtraditionalwaysofmakingpaper.A.he B.him C.his D.himselfTheCityHallintheoldcenteroftownisnolongerusedexceptspecialpurposes.A.of B.for C.with D.onAtanaltitude（海拔）of4,119meters,thedeliveryofficeatthefootofMountQomolangmaisknownasdeliverystation.A.high B.higher C.highest D.thehighestYoucanusethelinkmethodortakenotestohelpyouremember.A.either B.neither C.both D.norThepostersaysanybodycanjointhedramaclub.Youhaveactingexperience.A.mustn't B.shouldn't C.can't D.needn'tManylittleboyshopethattheycanhavetheabilitytheworldlikesuperheroes.A.save B.tosave C.saving D.savedTamdrin（丁真），a20-year-oldTibetan,alotofattentionsincehisphotowaspostedontheInternet.A.wasattracting B.willattract C.hasattracted D.attractsInabouttenyears9time,moreandmoreelectriccarsrunningontheroad.A.havebeenseen B.willbeseen C.wouldsee D.areseeingThegoldenfishdidn'tgrantthefisherman'swishhiswifedemandedtobequeenofalltheland.A.if B.when C.until D.unlessAstheSpringFestivalisdrawingnear,moststreetsaredecoratedwithlanterns.A.lovely B.beautifully C.likely D.friendlyReadthedirectionsprintedontheboxandyouwillknowhowthebatteries.A.changing B.changed C.tochange D.willchangeDanofteninhiscartofishwithhisfriendsonSundayafternoon.A.setsoff B.willsetoff C.hassetoff D.issettingoff—isthethieflike,Mr.Johnson?—He'sshortandbald.Hewearsablackjacket.A.What B.How C.Which D.WhoIH.Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachwordorphrasecanonlybeusedonce.A.properlyB.victoryC.exploreD.existedE.containedLighthousesarestructuresalongtheshorelinesoflargebodiesofwater.Fortourists,lighthousescanbeaninterestingplacetovisit.16,andphotograph.Forhistorians,theyareawindowtothepastandreminderofadifferentwayoflife.Forsailorsandshipcaptains,theyareasignofsafety.Theycanprotectaboatfromrunningaground（搁浅）atnightorothertimeswhenthereisafogorastorm.Originally,lighthouseswerebuiltwithroomsforthelighthousekeeper.Itwasthejobofthekeepertomakesurethatitwasalwaysworking17 .Althoughitcouldbelonelyattimes,itwasanimportantjob.Today,almostalllighthousesareautomated,whichmeansthatthereisnoneedforlighthousekeepers.Nooneiscertainwhenlighthousesfirst18.Wedoknowthatlighthousesisprobablymorethan3,000yearsold.AnepicGreekpoemtitledTheIliadwaswrittenbyamannamedHomeraround1200B.C.Inthepoem,Homerreferstoalighthouse,givingmodernscholarsanideaofhowlonglighthouseshavebeenapartofhumanlife.Earlylighthouseswerequitedifferentfromtoday'slighthouses.TheywereusuallymadeofironbasketsthatwereSuspendedfromlongpoles.Thebaskets19burningcoalorwood.Inthe1700s,thesebasketsweretakentheplaceofbyoilorgaslanterns.Whenelectricitywasinvented,thelanternswerechangedintoelectricbeacons(灯标).A.educational B.observeC.referenceD.roughE.appearanceIn1822aFrenchphysicistnamedAugustinFresnelinventedalens(透镜)thatwouldprovetobeveryimportantinlighthousetechnology.WiththeinventionoftheFresnellens,itbecamepossibletomakeabeamoflightreachasfaras28milesfromshore!Lighthousebeamcanbeusedtohelpsailorsidentifythelighthouseandtheirownlocation.Sailorscan20thepatternsandlengthsoflightsfromthelighthouse.Thentheylookitupina21bookthatwilltellthemwhichlighthousetheyhaveseen.Duringtheday,sailorscanidentifylighthousessimplybytheir22.Someareshortandfat,whileothersaretallandthin.Theycanbemadeofmanydifferentmaterials,suchaswood,stone,brickandsteel.Thepatternsalsodiffergreatly.Somelighthousesarepaintedwithstripesoraseriesofdiamondshapesthatmakethemlookdifferent.Otherscanberecognizedbytheirshape—round,squareorrectangular.Manylighthousesarenotinuse.Theyaresometimeschangedintomuseums,inns,23centers,orevenprivatehomes.Ifyoueverhaveachancetovisitone,gettingglimpseofhistoryisworththetrip.IV.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.Visitorsarenotallowedtoenterthatmuseumingroups,butatatime.(second)Comparedtoallmyclassmates,busyweekendschedule,seemsabitrelaxing.(my)Theeditorwillholda discussionaboutthetopicforthenexteditionoftheschoolnewspaper.(far)Ifsimportantforstudentstobuildrelationshipswithothermembersofthe.(social)TheseyearsChinahasmadegreateffortstoensurepeople'ssenseofsafety(person)To anewpicture,thatfamouspainterhasstayedinthestudioforaweek,(creative)ThescientificresearchChang'e-5didonthemoonreallymademefeel.（interest）Thathotelisfamousforitsspecialmedicalcarethatcanhelpthe.（able）V.Completethefollowingsentencesasrequired.Therobberycasehasalreadybeensolved.（改为否定句）Therobberycasebeensolved.Aftertheoperation,theoldmandidn'twalkwithastickanylonge匚（保持句意基本不变）Aftertheoperation,theoldmanwalkedwithastick.Jenny'sarticlecontainsstoriesaboutforeignerswhoworkinChina.（对戈i］线部分提问）containsstoriesaboutforeignerswholiveinChina?PeoplewillthinkJessieisinnocentunlessDetectiveKencanfindnewproof.（保持句意基本不变）PeoplewillthinkJessieisinnocentDetectiveKenfindnewproof.StudentswillhaveflexibleschedulesatthewintercampinShanghai.（改为感叹句）schedulesstudentswillhaveatthewintercampinShanghai!Metroworkerswillstoppassengerswhoplaymusicorvideosonthespeakersoftheirmobilephones.（改为被动语态）PassengerswhoplaymusicorvideoonthespeakersoftheirmobilephoneswillbyMetroworkers.toolate,alie,is,toapologize,never,for,it,telling（连词成句）Part3ReadingandWritingVI.Readingcomprehension.A.ChoosethebestanswerGARDENCITYCOLLEGEGENERALRULESFORONLINECLASSESItisveryimportanttocarefullyreadtherulesandcancellationpoliciesoftheonlineclassesbeforebeginningyourclass.Youshouldenterthevirtual(虚构的)classroomatleast2daysbeforeyourfirstclassinordertolearnhowtoworkwithinthesystem.Ifyouneedanytechnicalsupport,youcancallourtechnicalstaffduringtheirofficehours(From8:30a.m.to5:30p.m.onweekdays).Makesuretologontotheplatform15minutesbeforeyourclass.Wewillnotmakeupclasstimeduetolatearrivals.Checkyourcourseschedule.Itisstronglyrecommendedthatyouactivelytakepartineachclass.Listencarefullyanddon'ttalkoverwithsomeone.Youshouldbehaveproperlyandhavegoodmanners.BeingpoliteontheInternetshouldbeascommonasinreallife.Respectotherpeople'sopinions.Besides,onlineprivacyissomethingyoushouldkeepinmindwhentypinganything.Youshouldstayawayfromanythingconsiderednotsuitableandrude.Atthebeginningofeachnewcourse,wewillplaceyouwithanewteacher.Thischangewillallowyoutoexperiencedifferentlearningstyleswithotherteacherswhoarefullytrainedtoteachonlinecourses.Ifyourpresentteacherisnotavailabletoteach(duetosicknessoranemergency),wewillnotcancelclass.Instead,classwillbegivenbyasubstitute(代替的)teacher.TheserulesmaychangeovertimeduetothechangingnatureoftheonlinespaceThisnoticeisprobablywrittenfbrtoread.A.parents B.teachers C.technicalstaff D.studentsTogetyourselffamiliarwiththesystem,youaresuggestedto.contactschoofstechnicalstallduringtheirofficehourshaveatrialtest2daysbeforethecoursestartslogontotheplatformevery15minutesavoidlatearrivalstoenterthevirtualclassroomWhichofthefollowingissuitabletotypewhenyoutakeonlineclasses?"Linda,shallwemeetatmyplaceat8tonight,35HighStreet?”"Ms.Hanna,canyouexplainthatagain?Ididn'tquitefollow.C."Idon'tagreewithJoe.It'sanabsolutelystupididea.^^D."Bob!Youhadanewhaircut.Thatsuitsyou.Youlookhandsome.”Ybuwillhaveanewteacherforeachnewcoursebecause.thecollegeisshortoftrainedteacherstoteachonlinecoursesifshardtofindasubstituteteacheratthebeginningofthetermyoucanbenefitfromlearningwithteachersofdifferentstylesitenablesyoutotakeanactivepartinthenewcourseAccordingtothisnotice,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?Onlineclassescreateareal-lifelearningenvironment.Youyourselfareresponsiblefortheclasstimeyoumiss.Technicalsupportisonlyavailableonweekdays.Ifspossiblethattheremaybechangestotheserules.Readingthisnoticecarefullycanhelpyou.knowmoreaboutyoursubjectteachersarrangeyourcourseschedulewellunderstandtherulesandcancellationpoliciesapplyforapositioninGardenCityCollegeChoosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage.DanandMichellesatatapicnictableintheparkonabeautifulfallafternoon.Theairaroundthemwasfilledwiththesoundsofchildrenplaying,dogsbarkingandpeoplelaughing.ButDanandMichelle45thesoundsaroundthemandfocusedonthetasktheyhadsetouttocomplete.TheywantedtostartaschoolgardenatJeffersonMiddleSchool.ItwasactuallyDan'sidea.HehadfirstseenaschoolgardenwhenhewenttovisithiscousininWashington.Hewasamazedatthe46offruitsandvegetablesthestudentsathiscousin'sschoolgrew.Danthoughtitwasthebestpartoftheweek.Helovedputtingonhisboots,gettingoutsideandseeingallthenewthingsthathadhappened.WhenDanreturnedfromhistrip,hetoldEmilyandMichelleallaboutwhathehadseen.Nowthetwoofthemweredeterminedtocomeupwith47tobringaschoolgardentoJeffersonMiddleSchool.Danopenedhisnotebookandpreparedtorecordanyideastheyhadfor48Ms.Oilytheschoolheadmaster,intosupportingtheideaofhavingaschoolgarden.“Wearegoingtoneedanadult49tobeinchargeofthewholeoperation,MsaidDanthoughtfully.44IthinkMr.Harrisonmightbewillingtohelpbecauseheoftenworksinhisgardenandhebroughtinabasketoftomatoesfromhisgardenlastweek.,,“Togetthisprojectrunning,wemightalsoneedtoorganizeabakesaleoryardsaletoraiseftinds."AddedMichellecheerfully.Dannoddedandmadesomemorenotes."Mycousinmentionedthatthestudentsathisschoolcookmealswiththevegetablesfromtheirgarden.Wecandosomethinglikethattoo.50 .wecanmeasureandweighthingsandfollowrecipe.Iamsurethere'snowayMs.Oilycouldturnusdown.!^^Michellegrinned,uIfeverythinggoeswell,we'llbedigginginthefieldinnotimeatall!”45.A.enjoyedB.programmedC.ignoredD.recorded46.A.priceB.varietyC.transportD.relationship47.A.aplanB.aclueC.aceremonyD.asign48.A.trickingB.talkingC.rushingD.changing49A.introubleB.fromabroadC.ofwealthD.withexperience50.A.AfterallB.ForexampleC.InfactD.What'smoreReadthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.Ifyouthinkofthejobsthatrobotscouldneverdo,youwouldprobablyputdoctorsandteachersatthetopofthelist.It'seasytoimaginerobotcleanersandfactoryworkers,butothersneedhumanconnectionandcreativity.Butareweunderestimating（低估）whatrobotscando?Insomecases,theyalreadyp51betterthandoctorsatdiagnosingillness.Also,somepatientsmightfeelmorec52sharingtheirprivateinformationwithamachinethanaperson.Couldtherebeaplaceforrobotsineducationafterall?BritisheducationexpertAnthonySeldonthinksso.Andheevenhasadatefortherobottakeoveroftheclassroom:2027.Hep53robotswilldomostworkoftransferringinformationandteacherswillbelikeassistants.Intelligentrobotswillreadstudents,faces,movementsandmaybeevenbrains54 .Thentheywilladapt（使・・・适应）theinformationtoeachstudent.It'snotapopularopinionandifsunlikelyrobotswilleverunderstandotherpeople'sfeelingsandbeabletoreallyconnectwithhumanslikeanotherhumancan.Onethingiscertain,though.Arobotteacherisbetterthannoteacheratall.Teachersallovertheworldare155 .Insomepartsoftheworld,therearen'tenoughteachersand9to16percentofchildrenundertheageof14don'tgotoschool.Thatproblemcouldbepartlysolvedbyrobotsbecausetheycanteachanywhereandwon'tsufferfromstress,orgett56 ,ormovesomewhereforaneasier,higher-paidjob.Teachingisgenerallyrecognizedasdifficultandteachersfeeloverworked.Perhapsthequestionisnot”Willrobotstaketheplaceofteachers?"but"Howcanrobotshelpteachers?,,Officeworkerscanusesoftwaretodothingslikeorganizeandansweremails,arrangemeetingsandupdatecalendars.Teacherswastealotoftimedoingnon-teachingwork,i57morethan11hoursaweekmarkinghomework.Ifrobotscouldcutthetimeteachersspendmarkinghomeworkandwritingreports,teacherswouldhavemoretimeandenergyforthepartsofthejobhumansdobest.Answerthequestions.FOMOPosted2hoursagobyGradeteacherEverybodyknowshowimportantitisforstudentstogetagoodnight'ssleepeverynight.Youaren'tabletodoyourbestandkeepupwithallofyourresponsibilitiesunlessyousleepwell.Tmsureyoualreadyknowthatyoushouldgotobedatareasonablehour.MostexpertsagreethattheidealnumberofhoursiseightandthishasbeenacceptedascommonsensefbraslongasIcanremember.However,Iwasyoungonceand1knowthatmostofyougetmuchlesssleepthanthat-andinsomecasesitwillbeaffectingyourschoolwork.Ireadaninterestingarticleinateachers'magazinerecently.Theydidastudyof848studentsinWalesWorryingly,theresultsshowedthatteenagersarefacinganewproblem.TheymaygotobedandgetupatappropriateatetimesbutagrowingnumberarewakingupinthemiddleofthenightnottousethebathroomorhaveasnackbutbecauseofanewphenomenonFOMO-fearofmissingout.Accordingtothearticleschoolaresufferingbecauseofgrowingtrend（趋势）towakeupduringthenighttochecksocialmedial.Afraidofmissingareplyoropportunitytotakepartinachat,teenagersarewakingatalltimesofthenight,goingonlineandgettinginvolved.Allthistakesplacewhentheyshouldbesoundasleep.ExpertsareworriedaboutthisgrowingtrendandthereportshowssomeworryingstatisticsthatI'dliketosharewithyou.23%of12to15-year-oldswakeupnearlyeverynighttousesocialmedia.Another15%wakeupatnightonceaweekforthesamereason.Oneinthreestudentsaretiredallthetimeandunabletodotheworktothebestoftheirability.Studentswhousesocialmediaduringthenightaremorelikelytofeelextremelyanxious.I'dliketoaskyouto58 .Theworldwon'tendandyoursocialmediawillbewaitingtogreetyouinthemorningIgiveyoumywordthatyouwon'thavemissedanythingimportant.Thisarticlewaspostedbyateacher,wasn'tit?Howmuchtimeshouldschoolchildrenspendsleepingeverynightaccordingtothearticle?WhatdoesFOMOstandfor?Whydoschoolchildrencheckuptheirsocialmediainthemiddleofthenight?Because.Whattwopossibleconclusionscanwedrawfromthestatistics?Conclusion1：(nomorethan10words)Conclusion2：(nomorethan10words)Inthelastparagraph,whatdoesthewriterprobablywanttosaytothereaders?So,Tdliketoaskyouto.VII.Writing.64.Writeatleast60wordstotalkabout“Howtechnologyaffectsme”.Doesthedevelopmentoftechnologyaffectyouinapositivewayorinanegativeway?Whatdoyouthinkoftheinfluence?Howdoyoudealwithit?请以“Howtechnologyaffectsme”为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，谈论科技发展对你带来了正面的影响还是负面的影响。你怎样看待科技对你的影响吗？你怎样面对这些影响呢？(注意：短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分。标点符号不占格)2020学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷

初三英语试卷Part2Phonetics,GrammarandVocabularyII.Choosethebestanswer.Agoodwaytomakeapieceofwritingcometolifeistodescribethingsthroughsenses.A.a B.an C.the D./【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：让一篇文章生动起来的一个好方法是通过感官来描述事物。考查冠词。根据"tomakeapieceofwritingcometo...life”作定语修饰Agoodway可知，句子的主语是Agoodway；空格处表示“生动”，用“cometolife"。是固定搭配，不需要加冠词。故选D。Duringwinter,temperaturesfrequentlydropbelowfreezingnight.A.inB.atC.onA.inB.atC.onD.for【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：在冬季，夜间气温经常降至冰点以下。考查介词辨析。in在 里面；at在 ；on在 上面；for为了 。atnight,在晚上，固定搭配。故选BoJohnaskedtheoldmantoteachtraditionalwaysofmakingpaper.A.he B.him C.his D.himself【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：约翰请那位老人教他传统的造纸方法。考查代词词义辨析。he他，人称代词主格，在句中作主语；him他，人称代词宾格，在句中作宾语；his他的，形容词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。句中是说教约翰传统的造纸方法，应用人称代词，且作“teach”的宾语，应用him,故选B。TheCityHallintheoldcenteroftownisnolongerusedexceptspecialpurposes.A.of B.for C.with D.on【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：旧城中心的市政厅除有特殊用途外不再使用。考查介词短语，of 的：for为了：with和 在一起，具有：on在 之上，向。固定短语：exceptfor”除了……以外”，符合语境，故选B。Atanaltitude（海拔）of4,119meters,thedeliveryofficeatthefootofMountQomolangmaisknownasdeliverystation.A.high B.higher C.highest D.thehighest【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意；在海拔4119米的珠穆朗玛峰脚下的送货处，作为最高的配送站而著名。考查形容词最高级的用法。high高的，原级；higher更高的，比较级：highest最高的，最高级；thehighest最高的，最高级。根据HAtanaltitude（海拔）of4,119meters,"可知，珠穆朗玛峰脚下的配送站是世界最高的配送站，故空格处用最高级形式：the+形容词最高级。故选D。Youcanusethelinkmethodortakenotestohelpyouremember.A.either B.neither C.both D.nor【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：你可以使用联想的方法或者做笔记来帮助你记忆。考查连词辨析。either两者其一；neither两者都不；both两者都；nor两者都不。either...or..."或者 或者……"，是固定搭配。故选A。Thepostersaysanybodycanjointhedramaclub.Youhaveactingexperience.A.mustn't B.shouldn't C.can't D.needn't【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：海报上说任何人都可以加入戏剧社。你不需要有表演经验。考查情态动词辨析。mustn't禁止；shouldn't不应当；can't不可能；needn't不需要。根据前句“Thepostersaysanybodycanjointhedramaclub.可推测出，后句应是“不需要有表演经验”，故空处应是needn't。故选D。Manylittleboyshopethattheycanhavetheabilitytheworldlikesuperheroes.A.save B.tosave C.saving D.saved【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：许多小男孩都希望他们能像超级英雄一样有能力拯救世界。考查非谓语动词。句中用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词"ability”，意为“……的能力"，theabilitytosavetheworld拯救世界的能力，故选B。Tamdrin（丁真）,a20-year-oldTibetan,alotofattentionsincehisphotowaspostedontheInternet.A.wasattracting B.willattract C.hasattracted D.attracts【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：自从他的照片被上传到网上以来，丁真，一个2。岁的西藏人已经吸引了很多人的注意。考查动词时态。根据空后从句"sincehisphotowaspostedontheInternet.”时态可知，主句应用现在完成时。构成形式为have/hasdone；主语"Tamdrin”是第三人称单数形式，助动词应用has：attract的过去分词是attractedo故填C。Inabouttenyears'time,moreandmoreelectriccarsrunningontheroad.A.havebeenseenB.willbeseen C.wouldsee D.areseeing【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：大约十年后，越来越多的电动汽车将会被看到在路上行驶。考查一般将来时的被动语态。havebeenseen已经被看到，现在完成时态；willbeseen将会被看到，一般将来时的被动语态；wouldsee将会看到，过去将来时；areseeing正在看，现在进行时。根据时间状语Inabouttenyears'time"大约十年后"可知，句子属于一般将来时；结合选项可知，句中的"更多的电动汽车"和"看到"之间是被动关系，空格处用一般将来时的被动语态。故选B。Thegoldenfishdidn'tgrantthefisherman'swishhiswifedemandedtobequeenofalltheland.A.if B.when C.until D.unless【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：当渔夫的妻子要求成为所有土地的女王时，金鱼没有满足渔夫的愿望。考查连词辨析。if如果；when当 时候；until直到;unless除非。根据下文uhiswifedemandedtobequeenofalltheland.,,可知此处是when引导的时间状语从句，故选B。AstheSpringFestivalisdrawingnear,moststreetsaredecoratedwithlanterns.A.lovely B.beautifully C.likely D.friendly【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：随着春节的临近，大多数街道都用灯笼装饰得很漂亮。考查形容词副词辨析，lovely可爱的；beautifully漂亮地；likely合适的；friendly友好的。观察句子，这里修饰动词decorate,应该用副词，结合"decoratedwithlanterns.”可知应该是用灯笼装饰得很漂亮,故选B,.Readthedirectionsprintedontheboxandyouwillknowhowthebatteries.

A.changingB.changedC.tochangeA.changingB.changedC.tochangeD.willchange【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：阅读盒子上的说明，你就会知道如何更换电池。考查非谓语动词。根据“youwillknowhow...thebatteries.”可知，空格处是“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语,填“tochange”。故选C。DanofteninhiscartofishwithhisfriendsonSundayafternoon.A.setsoff B.willsetoff C.hassetoff D.issettingoff【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：丹经常在星期天下午开车和朋友们去钓鱼。考查时态。根据often可知频度副词表示一般现在时，且主语为第三人称单数，故选A。—isthethieflike,Mr.Johnson?一He'sshortandbald.Hewearsablackjacket.A.What B.How C.Which D.Who【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——约翰逊先生，小偷是什么样子的？——他又矮又秃。他穿着一件黑色夹克。考查特殊疑问词。What什么；How如何；Which哪一个；Who谁。根据"He'sshortandbald?可知问的是外貌，即Whatbesb.like?故选A。III.Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachwordorphrasecanonlybeusedonce.A.properlyB.victoryC.exploreD.existedE.containedLighthousesarestructuresalongtheshorelinesoflargebodiesofwater.Fortourists,lighthousescanbeaninterestingplacetovisit.16,andphotograph.Forhistorians,theyareawindowtothepastandreminderofadifferentwayoflife.Forsailorsandshipcaptains,theyareasignofsafety.Theycanprotectaboatfromrunningaground（搁浅）atnightorothertimeswhenthereisafogorastorm.Originally,lighthouseswerebuiltwithroomsforthelighthousekeeper.Itwasthejobofthekeepertomakesurethatitwasalwaysworking17.Althoughitcouldbelonelyattimes,itwasanimportantjob.Today,almostalllighthousesareautomated,whichmeansthatthereisnoneedforlighthousekeepers.Nooneiscertainwhenlighthousesfirst18 .Wedoknowthatlighthousesisprobablymorethan3,000yearsold.AnepicGreekpoemtitledTheIliadwaswrittenbyamannamedHomeraround1200B.C.Inthepoem,Homerreferstoalighthouse,givingmodernscholarsanideaofhowlonglighthouseshavebeenapartofhumanlife.Earlylighthouseswerequitedifferentfromtoday'slighthouses.TheywereusuallymadeofironbasketsthatwereSuspendedfromlongpoles.Thebaskets19burningcoalorwood.Inthe1700s,thesebasketsweretakentheplaceofbyoilorgaslanterns.Whenelectricitywasinvented,thelanternswerechangedintoelectricbeacons（灯标）.A.educationalB.observeC.referenceD.roughE.appearanceIn1822aFrenchphysicistnamedAugustinFresnelinventedalens（透镜）thatwouldprovetobeveryimportantinlighthousetechnology.WiththeinventionoftheFresnellens,itbecamepossibletomakeabeamoflightreachasfaras28milesfromshore!Lighthousebeamcanbeusedtohelpsailorsidentifythelighthouseandtheirownlocation.Sailorscan20thepatternsandlengthsoflightsfromthelighthouse.Thentheylookitupina bookthatwilltellthemwhichlighthousetheyhaveseen.Duringtheday,sailorscanidentifylighthousessimplybytheir22.Someareshortandfat,whileothersaretallandthin.Theycanbemadeofmanydifferentmaterials,suchaswood,stone,brickandsteel.Thepatternsalsodiffergreatly.Somelighthousesarepaintedwithstripesoraseriesofdiamondshapesthatmakethemlookdifferent.Otherscanberecognizedbytheirshape-round,squareorrectangular.Manylighthousesarenotinuse.Theyaresometimeschangedintomuseums,inns,23centers,orevenprivatehomes.Ifyoueverhaveachancetovisitone,gettingglimpseofhistoryisworththetrip.【答案】16.C17.ATOC\o"1-5"\h\z18.D 19.E20.B 21.C22.E 23.A【解析】【分析】短文主要介绍了灯塔的发展历史及作用。【16题详解】句意：对游客来说，灯塔是一个值得参观、探索和拍照的有趣的地方。观察句子，根据“t。visit，…，andphotograph.w可知这里该空应该也是一个动词，并且用动词原形，结合选项C.explore"探索”符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】句意：看守人的工作就是确保它总是能正常工作。观察句子结构，这里缺少的是一个词作状语修饰动词work.结合选项及句意，A.properly"正确地"符合语境，表达的是：正常地工作，故选A。【18题详解】句意：没有人能肯定灯塔最初是什么时候存在的。观察句子结构，这里是when引导的时间状语从句，从句缺少谓语动词，结合语境可知时态为一般过去时，根据"Wedoknowthatlighthousesisprobablymorethan3,000yearsold.”和选项可知，D.existed"存在"，符合语境,故选D。【19题详解】句意：篮子里装着燃烧的煤或木头。观察句子结构，缺少谓语动词，结合语境可知时态为一般过去时，选项E.contained"包含，容纳”符合语境，表示：篮子里装着燃烧的煤或木头，故选E。【20题详解】句意：水手们可以观察到灯塔灯光的模式和长度。该空前是情态动词can,可知这里应该用动词原形，根据uLighthousebeamcanbeusedtohelpsailorsidentifythelighthouseandtheirownlocation.",可知水手们可以观察到灯塔灯光的模式和长度，选项B.observe“观察”符合语境，故选B。【22题详解】句意：然后他们在一本能告诉他们所见过的灯塔的参考书中查找。观察句子，可知这里缺少一个词修饰book,lookup"查阅"，根据“thatwilltellthemwhichlighthousetheyhaveseenw可知应该是查阅一本能告诉他们所见过的灯塔的参考书，referencebook“参考书”符合语境，故选C。[22题详解】句意：白天，水手们仅凭灯塔的外表就能认出它们。观察句子，形容词性物主代词their后接名词，可知这里应该是一个名词。44Someareshortandfat,whileothersaretallandthin.,再结合选项，可推测是灯塔的外貌，E.appearance“外貌”符合语境，故选E。【23题详解】句意：它们有时被改造成博物馆、旅馆、教育中心，甚至私人住宅。根据"museums,inns,…centers,orevenprivatehomes."。可知该空这里也应该是一个建筑物，centers“中心”，可用名词修饰，结合选项A.educational“教育的"，educationalcenters“教育中心”符合语境，故选A。IV.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.Visitorsarenotallowedtoenterthatmuseumingroups,butatatime.(second)【答案】two【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：参观者不得成群地进入博物馆，每次只能两人进入。根据aVisitorsarenotallowedtoenterthatmuseumingroups,but...atatime.w可知，基数词修饰名词visitors作定语，而所给提示词为“second”第二，序数词；二的基数词为“two”。故填two。Comparedtoallmyclassmates'busyweekendschedule,seemsabitrelaxing.(my)【答案】mine【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：和我所有同学繁忙的周末时间表相比，我的似乎有点放松。根据句意，空处应是表示“我的周末时间表”，应是名词性物主代词：my,我的，形容词性的物主代词，对应的名词性物主代词是mine,我的。故填mine»Theeditorwillholdadiscussionaboutthetopicforthenexteditionoftheschoolnewspaper,(far)【答案】further【解析】【详解】句意：编辑将在下一期校报上进一步讨论这个话题。此处形容词修饰名词作定语，根据语境为"进一步的讨论/更深远的讨论"，属于抽象意义上的"更远"。故填further。Ifsimportantforstudentstobuildrelationshipswithothermembersofthe(social)【答案】society【解析】【详解】句意：对学生来说，与社会其他成员建立关系是很重要的。“the”后接名词，故空格处填“social”形容词，它的名词形式“society”。故填society。TheseyearsChinahasmadegreateffortstoensurepeople'ssenseofsafety.(person)【答案】personal【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：这些年来，中国为确保人们的人身安全做出了巨大努力。空格处修饰名词“safey"，可知填形容词。person个人，名词，其形容词是personal(个人的，私人的)；personalsafety个人安全。故填personal.Toanewpicture,thatfamouspainterhasstayedinthestudioforaweek,(creative)【答案】create【解析】【详解】句意：为了创作一幅新画，那位著名画家在画室里呆了一个星期。根据“To...anewpicture...”可知，空格处填动词原形，“creative”的动词是“create”。故填create。ThescientificresearchChang,e-5didonthemoonreallymademefeel.(interest)【答案】interested【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：嫦娥五号在月球上做的科学研究真的让我感兴趣。根据"ThescientificresearchChang^-SdidonthemoonreallymademefeeL..”可知，“feel”为连系动词，后面跟形容词作表语；修饰人，故使用interest的形容词形式interestedo故填interestedoThathotelisfamousforitsspecialmedicalcarethatcanhelpthe.（able）【答案】disabled【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:那家旅馆以帮助残疾人的特殊医疗服务而闻名。根据句中的“itsspecialmedicalcare”和给出的词“able”的提示可知，空处应是disabled,有残疾的，形容词，和定冠词ihe连用，表示一类人。故填disabledoV.Completethefollowingsentencesasrequired.Therobberycasehasalreadybeensolved.（改为否定句）Therobberycasebeensolved.【答案】（1）.hasn't（2）.yet【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：抢劫案已经破了。考查现在完成时的被动语态如何变否定句。原句是现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为has/have+been+done,变否定句时，在助动词has/have之后直接加not。原句使用的助动词是has,hasnot的缩写形式为hasn't；already改为yet,放在句子末尾。故填hasn't；yet。Aftertheoperation,theoldmandidn'twalkwithastickanylonger.（保持句意基本不变）Aftertheoperation,theoldman walkedwithastick.【答案】nolonger【解析】【详解】句意：手术后，老人再也不用拐杖走路了。not…anylonge