【高考英语】2020-2022届三年上海市杨浦区高三模拟试卷专项突破专题03完形填空（含解析）

【高考英语】2020-2022届三年上海市杨浦区高三模拟试卷专项突破专

题03完形填空上海市杨浦区2022届高三一模英语试卷SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Itisatraditionofcorporatearchitecture.Acompany'stopexecutivesgetofficesonthetopfloorwiththebiggestwindowsandbestviews.However,nowadayssomebosseschooseto“hot-desE'（轮用办公桌）witheveryoneelse.Oneargumentforsucha（n）41canbemade.Staffmorale（土气）would42iftheemployeesarcstuffedinopen-planofficeswhiletheexecutivesoccupytheciousoffices.Whentheexecutivessitalongsidetheirteams,theywillbemoreintouchwithhowprojectsaregoingandhowstaffarefeeling.Intheory,iftheexecutivesare43 ,employeesaremorelikelytoapproachthemwithproblems.Butthebossespresentallthetimemay44hurtmorale.Oneofthejoysofofficelifeisthefreedomtoenjoyabitofjokingwithcolleagues.Thismayincludetheoddjokeaboutthe45 .Inthepresenceoftheirboss,staffwillbe 46inwhattheytalkaboutandthetoneoftheircomments.Theymayfeeltheneedtosoundseriousatalltimes,fbrfearthatthequalityoftheircommitmenttotheirworkcomeintodoubt.47 、themanagermayberightbehindthem.Youalsohavetowonderwhetherexecutiveswillreallyspendeverymorningsearchingfbraplacetosit.Somehotdeskswillbealothotterthanothers.Oncethechieffinancialofficerhaspickedadeskondayone,thejuniorstaffwill48thatparticularspotonsubsequentdays.Incontrast,anyonewhoworkscloselywithaparticularexecutivewillbe49topickadeskcloseby.Thelingering（逗留不走的）bosspresentsother50 .Anyonewhohasworkedinanopen-planofficewillacknowledgethatothercolleagues,talkingcanmakeithardto51attimes.Managersmayfindthemselvesconstantlybeingapproachedbyteammemberswithquestionsorproblemsforthemtosolve.Manypeopleresorttoheadphonestoshutoutthebackgroundnoiseandto52theirunavailability.Butifmanagersdothat,theyruntheriskofseemingshutofffromtheircolleagues.Onestudyfoundthatatfirmsthat53toopen-plandesign,face-to-faceinteractionsfellby70%.Likeananimalcaughtonopengroundwithoutcover,manypeopledonotlikebeingconstantlyobserved.Inthe54ofaphysicalbarrier,theycreateafourthwall,55theirdesirefbrprivacybyfacialexpressionsorbriefrepliestoquestions.41.A.imageB.shiftC.communityD.assembly42.A.spillB.surfaceC.sufferD.survive43.A.reliableB.capableC.manageableD.visible44A.initiallyB.definitelyC.officiallyD.equally45A.managementB.developmentC.experimentD.department46.A.unclearB.unwelcomeC.uneasyD.unfortunate47.A.AtleastB.AfterallC.InfactD.Inshort48.A.steerclearofB.keeptrackofC.fallshortofD.getridof49.A.remindedB.temptedC.assuredD.warned50.A.purposesB.promisesC.protestsD.problems51.A.commentB.concentrateC.calculateD.communicate52.A.signalB.concealC.reverseD.avoid53.A.subjectedB.appliedC.switchedD.admitted54.A.presenceB.relevanceC.absenceD.preference55.A.creditingB.interpretingC.substitutingD.indicating上海市杨浦区2021届高三一模英语试卷BadDreamsAreGood!Mostofusdream,whetherwerememberthemornot.Whataredreamsfbr?Ahandfulof(41)dominate.SigmundFreudfamouslymaintainedthattheyrevealhiddentruthsandwishes.Morerecentresearchsuggeststhattheymayhelpusprocessintenseemotions,orperhapssortthroughandstrengthenmemories,or(42)randomneuron(神经兀)activity,orprepareresponsestothreateningsituations.Othersarguethatdreamshavenoevolutionaryfunction,butsimply(43)personalconcerns.Despitebeinglargelyunsupportedby(44),Freud'sviewmaintainsastrongfollowingaroundtheworld.ResearchersfoundthatstudentsintheU.S.,SouthKorea,andIndiaweremuchmorelikelytosaythatdreamsrevealhiddentruthsthantoacceptbetter(45)theories.Inthesamestudy,respondentssaidthatdreamingaboutaplanecrashwouldcausethemmore(46)thananofficialwarningaboutaterroristattack.Evenifdreamscan*tforetellthefuture,theyseemto(47)oursharedfascinations.ThemajorityofdreamsoccurduringREMsleep(深度睡眠)cycles,ofwhichtheaveragepersonhasfourorfiveanight.AstudyofCanadianuniversitystudentsfoundthemostcommondreamtopicsincludeschool,falling,beingchased,andarrivingtoolateforsomething.Forallthecommonalitiesdreams(48),theyvaryacrosstimeandculture——peoplewhogrewupwatchingblack-and-whiteTVaremorelikelytodreaminblackandwhite.A1958study(49)thatcomparedwithJapanesepeople,Americansdreamedmoreaboutbeinglockedup,losingalovedone,findingmoney,being(50)dressedorencounteringamadperson.Japanesepeopleweremorelikelytodrcamaboutschool,tryingrepeatedlytodosomething,beingparalyzedwithfear,or“wild,violentbeasts."Ifhumandreamssound(51),bearinmindthatevennegativeonescanhavepositiveeffects.InastudyofstudentstakingaFrenchmedicalschoolentranceexam,60percentofthedreamstheyhadbeforehand(52)aproblemwiththeexam,suchasbeinglateorleavingananswerblank.Butthosewhoreported(53)abouttheexam,evenbadones,didbetteronitthanthosewhodidn't.Sothenexttimeyoudreamaboutaneducationrelatedexperienceinwhichyouareunabletoanswerthequestionsorsolveaproblem,don't(54):It'sprobablytotallymeaningless.Thenagain,yourbrainmightbepracticingsoyou*11be(55)ifsuchaneventevercomestopass.

42.A.takeplaceofB.makepeacewithC.makesenseofD.comeupwith43.A.exemplifyB.dramatizeC.horrify D.recognize44.A.evidenceB.informationC.qualificationD.inquiry45.A.assumedB.connectedC.confirmedD.realized46.A.curiosityB.anxietyC.fancyD.reluctance47.A.expectB.endureC.expose D.employ48.A.exhibitB.explainC.supplyD.identify49.A.diagnosedB.dismissedC.deniedD.determined50.A.unnecessarilyB.independently C.inappropriatelyD.impersonally51.A.puzzlingB.excitingC.depressingD.amusing52.A.revealedB.guaranteedC.tracedD.involved53.A.gradesB.concernsC.dreamsD.memories54.A.hesitateB.worryC.pauseD.laugh55.A.readyB.eagerC.nervousD.curious41.A.symptomsB.reviewsC.conflictsD.theories上海市杨浦区2020届高三一模英语试卷Astarathletestoppedbymyofficeandshewaseatenupbyself-criticismaftercommittingafewerrorsduringaweekendmatch."I'matpeak_41_andIpractisehard.Howisthishappening?”Thisstudent,likemanyIteach,believessheshouldbeableto_42_theoutcomesofherlifebyvirtueofherhardwork.Istudyandwriteaboutresilience(复原力),andI'mnoticinga(n)_43_increaseinstudentslikethisathlete.Whentheywin,theyfeelpowerfulandsmart.Whentheyfallshortofwhattheyimaginetheyshould 44 ,however,theyarecrushedbysei仔blame.Wetalkoftenaboutyoungadultsstrugglingwithfailurebecausetheirparentshaveprotectedthemfrom 45 .Butthereissomethingelseatplayamongthemostadvantagedinparticular:a_46 promisethattheycanachieveanythingiftheyarewillingtoworkforit.Psychologistshavesourcedthisphenomenontoamisapplicationof“mind-set“research,whichhasfoundthatpraisingchildrenfor 47 willincreaseacademicperformance.DevelopedbyStanfordpsychologistCarolDweck,mind-seteducationhasspreadacrossclassroomsworldwide.Buta2018analysisfoundthatwhilepraisinghardworkoverabilitymaybenefiteconomicallydisadvantagedstudents,itdoesnot 48 helpeveryone.OnepossibleexplanationcomesfromNinaKumar,whoarguedinaresearchpaperlastyearthatforteensinwealthy,pressure-cookercommunities,“Itisnota 49 ofmotivationandperseverancethatisthebigproblem. 50 ,itisunhealthyperfectionismanddifficultywithbackingoffwhentheyshould,whenthefiercedriveforachievementsisoverthetop."Thiscan_51 physicalandemotionalstress.Ina2007study,psychologistsGregoryMillerdeterminedthatadolescentgirlswhorefusedtogiveupthe 52 goalsshowedelevatedlevelsofCRP,aproteinthatservesasamarkerofsystemicinflammation（炎症）linkedtodiabetes,heartdiseaseandothermedicalconditions.Thecruelrealityisthatyoucandoeverythinginyourpowerandstillfail.Thisknowledgecomesearlytounderrepresentedminoritieswhoseexperienceofdiscrimination（歧视）andinequalityteachesthemto 53 whatis,fornow,largelybeyondtheircontroltochange.Yetfbrothers,thebeliefthatsuccessisalwayswithintheirgraspisasetup.Insteadofallowingourkidstobeatthemselvesupwhenthingsdon'tgotheirway,weshouldallquestionaculturethathastaughtthemthathowtheyperformfbrothersismoreimportantthanwhat 54 inspiresthemandthatwheretheygotocollegemattersmorethanthekindofpersontheyare.Weshouldbewisetoremindourkidsthatlifehasawayofdisappointinguswhenweleast 55 it.It'softenthepeoplewholearntosay“stuffhappens^^whogetupthefastest.41.A.coolnessB.fitnessC.goodnessD.readiness42.A.controlB.changeC.adjustD.celebrate43.A.amusingB.inspiringC.troublingD.touching44.A.applyB.approveC.appreciateD.accomplish45.A.disbeliefB.disagreementC.discoveryD.discomfort46.A.brightB.falseC.generalD.flexible47.A.virtueB.abilityC.effortD.status48.A.originallyB.obviouslyC.necessarilyD.regularly49.A.choiceB.commandC.displayD.lack50.A.InsteadB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.However51.A.resultfromB.applyforC.associatewithD.leadto52.A.immoralB.impersonalC.impossible D.impolite53.A.challengeB.acceptC.assessD.inquire54.A.plainlyB.probablyC.immediatelyD.actually55.A.exhibitB.expectC.establishD.recognize答案：上海市杨浦区2022届高三一模英语试卷41.B42.C43.D44.D45.A46.C47.B48.A49.B50.D51.B52.A53.C54.C55.D【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了以前公司高层管理人员都是单独的豪华办公室，现在许多公司高层都转向和员工一起在大办公室办公，文章分析了这样设置办公室的优点和缺点。[41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：可以提出这样一种转变的理由。A.image图像；B.shift转变；C.community社区；D.assembly集会。根据上文“somebosseschooseto （轮用办公桌）witheveryoneelse.n,此处就是指代上文提及的做法。故选B项。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果员工被塞进开放式办公室，而高管们则占据宽敞的办公室，员工土气将受到影响。A.spill泄漏；B.surface显露；C.suffer遭受；D.survive幸存。根据句中Staffmorale和while,可推测“士气将遭受到影响”。故选C项。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从理论上讲，如果高管们是可见的，那么员工就更有可能向他们提出问题。A.reliable可靠的；B.capable有能力的;C.manageable可管理的；D.visible可见的。根据上文提及管理人员和员工一起办公，应该是可见的。故选D项。【44题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但总是在场的老板同样可能会伤害士气。A. initially最初地；B.definitely明确地;C.officially正式地；D.equally同样地。根据后文"fdrfearthatthequalityoftheircommitmenttotheirworkcomeintodoubt."（因为害怕他们对工作的承诺质量受到质疑。）说明此处应该是“同样可能会伤害士气”。故选D项。（45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能包括关于管理方面的奇怪笑话。A.management管理；B.development发展；C.experiment实验；D.department部门。根据后文“Inthepresenceoftheirboss",可知是关于管理层方面的笑话。故选A项。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在老板面前，员工们会对他们谈论的内容和评论的语气感到不安。A.unclear不清晰的；B.unwelcome不受欢迎的；C.uneasy不安的；D.unfortunate不幸的。根据后文fbrfearthat,可知员工会感到不安的。故选C项。【47题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：毕竟，经理可能就在他们身后。A.Atleast至少；B.Afterall毕竟；C.Infhct事实上；D.Inshort总之。结合语境，造成前面情况的原因是因为有经理在场，此处表达“毕竟”，符合语境。故选B项。【48题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一旦首席财务官在第一天选择了一个办公桌，初级员工将在接卜来的几天避开这个特定的位置。A.steerclearof避开；B.keeptrackof跟踪;C.fallshortof达不到；D.getridof摆脱。根据上文及下文描述，员工对首席财务官有顾虑的，此处表示“避开”符合题意。故选A项。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，任