2009高考英语名词性从句练习题及答案解析55761306

2021高考英语名词性从句练习题及答案解析★清华大学★英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站：清华大学英语教授研究组提供1._______makeshisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.A.WhatB.Who C.Whatever D.Whoever2.—It’sthirtyyearssincewelastmet.

—ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,

_______wegotlostonarainynight.

A.which

B.that

C.what

D.when3.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwas_______wedidthismorning.A.when B.which C.where D.What4.—Couldyoudomeafavor?—Itdependson_______itis.A.which B.whichever C.what D.whatever5.Theseshoeslookverygood.Iwonder_______.A.howmuchcosttheyare B.howmuchdotheycostC.howmuchtheycost

D.howmucharetheycost6.Doris'successliesinthefact_______sheisco-operativeandeagertolearnfromothers.A.which B.that C.when D.why7.Marywroteanarticleon_______theteamhadfailedtowinthegame. A.why B.what C.who D.that8.Doyouhaveanyidea_______isactuallygoingonintheclassroom? A.that B.what C.as D.which9.—Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp?—Thereisnooneelse_______,isthere?A.whototurnto B.shecanturnto C.forwhomtoturn D.forhertoturn10.Elephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectand_______itisroughorsmooth. A./ B.whether C.how D.what11.Dannyleftwordwithmysecretary_______hewouldcallagainintheafternoon. A.who B.that C.as D.which12.Mumiscoming.Whatpresent_______foryourbirthday? A.youexpectshehasgot B.youexpecthasshegot C.doyouexpectshehasgot D.doyouexpecthasshegot13.Thewayhediditwasdifferent________wewereusedto. A.inwhich B.inwhat C.fromwhat D.fromwhich14.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolonger_______itwas20yearsago,_______itwassopoorlyequipped.A.what;when B.that;which C.what;which D.which;that15.Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt________acureforAIDSwillbefound. A.which B.that C.what D.whether第二局部：强化题1.Wehaven’tsettledthequestionof_______itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad. A.if B.where C.whether D.that2.Awarmthoughtsuddenlycametome_______Imightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother’sbirthday.A.if B.when C.that D.which3.Thereismuchchance_______Billwillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimefortherace.A.that B.which C.until D.if4.Pleaseremindme_______hesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.A.where B.when C.how D.what5.Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous._______wegavesomebellsandglasses.A.towhichB.towhom C.withwhom D.withwhich6.Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased_______hewasamanofaction.A.which B.that C.what D.whether7._______teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.A.Nomatterwhat B.NomatterwhichC.Whatever D.Whichever8.Ijustwonder thatmakeshimsoexcited.A.whyitdoes B.whathedoes C.howitis D.whatitis9._______isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.A.AsB.That C.This D.It10.Nobodybelievedhisreasonforbeingabsentformtheclass_______hehadtomeethisuncleattheairport.A.why B.that C.where

D.because11.Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor_______hethoughtwasnotenough. A.where B.how C.what D.which12.Henoticedthatthestraightpartofthedancewasdifferentintheafternoonfrom_______ithadbeeninthemorning. A.that B.where C.what D.which13.I’dliketoworkwith_______ishonestandeasytogetonwith.(2006年山东模拟题) A.who B.whoever C.whomever D.nomatterwho14.Whenyouarereading,makeanoteof_______youthinkisofgreatimportance. A.which B.that C.what D.when15.—Canwegeteverythingreadybytheweekend?—Italldependson_______wecangetMr.Green’scooperation.A.that B.what C.whether D.if高考趋势与重点名词性从句在历年地高考中几乎都有所涉及，并且每年地命题各有变化。近年来地高考试题更侧重于在一定地语言环境下考查熟练使用英语语序和关联词地能力。因此，在平时地备考复习中我们除了牢固掌握根底知识外，还要多注意一定语境下根底知识地运用。It在名词性从句中得用法：Itisthefirsttimethat…〔现在完成时〕Itisnecessary(important)that…shoulddo…(虚拟语气)Itislikely(possible,obvious,clear,natural,certain,…)that…Itisapity(afact,goodnews,nowonder,anhonour,ashame,commonsense,acommonpractice…)that…Itturnedoutthat…;Ithappenedthat…;Itoccurredtosb.that…;Itissaid(reported,believed,estimated,announced,expected…)that…;Itissuggested(required,ordered)that…(虚拟语气)…ThatTomfelloffhischairbyaccidentgottheclassmateslaughing.WhatTomlearnedinuniversityhelpshimalotinhisjob.注：that在从句中不作任何成分，what在从句中必须担当主语或宾语。WehavereachedwhatiscalledXinJiekou.宾语从句一个动词后跟多个宾语从句时，第二个开始的连词that不能省略。Hesaid(that)hedidn’tattendthepartyandthathedidn’twantto.否认转移Idon’tthinkheisfitforthejob,ishe?Ineverthoughtthathewouldcomeforthedinnerparty.有些不可直接跟宾语从句的动词。Ihateitwhen…;Idislikeitwhen…;I’dappreciateitif…Iwillseetoitthat…与定语从句的转换Jerrytoldus_______hehadseenabroad.A.whatB.allthatC.allwhatD.all注：此题四个答案都正确。答案C可以看作all是前面的us的同位语。主语从句a.主语从句于定语从句的转换Whatisneededhasbeenbought.b.几个特殊句型之间的转换ItisknowntoallthatChinahasjoinedtheWTO.Asisknowntoall,ChinahasjoinedtheWTO.WhatisknowntoallisthatChinahasjoinedtheWTO.表语从句a.表语从句中的虚拟语气Mysuggestionisthatweshouldcarryouttheplanassoonaspossible.b.几个表语从句的切换ThereasonwhyIcamelateisthatmycarbrokedownonthehalfway.Hecamelate.That’sbecausehiscarbrokedown.Hiscarbrokedownonthehalfway.That’swhyhecamelate.同位语从句a.与定语从句的区别Itisafactthatyoucan’trefuse.b.同位语从句中的虚拟语气Theproposalthatheputforwardistobediscussedatthemeeting.Theproposalthatweshouldimportmoreequipmentistobediscussed.c.havenoidea后面跟同位语从句IhavenoideawhereGreen答案解析根底题A此题考察what引导名词性从句的用法。在此题中what引导主语从句，同时在从句中充当主语。B通过对句子的分析可知，believeitornot是插入语，在此句中that引导的是thestory的同位语从句。D通过对句子的分析可知，此题需要选一词来引导表语从句，而从句中的明显缺少宾语，故只能what用来充当。C介词on后面宾语从句不完整，同时从句缺少主语，故只能由what来充当。Cwonder后面的从句是疑问句应用陈述语序。即：特殊疑问词+主语+谓语动词。B此句主句完整，从句也完整，故用that引导构成与thefact的同位语从句。Awhy在它引导的从句中充当原因状语，从句在主句里充当介词on的宾语。Bwhat在它引导的从句中充当主语，同时整个从句可看成是idea的同位语从句，来说明idea的具体内容。B此题考查定语从句以及固定短语turnto的用法，关系代词因为在后面定语从句中做宾语因此省略掉，turntosb求助于某人。B此题根据意思以及后面与or的搭配关系可判断该处是“是否〞，whether引导宾语从句。B此题考查名词性从句中的同位语从句，根据下文可知Danny留下的口信的内容，that引导名词性从句。C此题考查双重疑问句，疑问词＋doyouthink/believe/expect＋句子的其他成分〔句子用称述句语序〕。C此题考查固定短语bedifferentfrom同时也考查名词性从句中的宾语从句，介词from后是宾语从句，但从句中beusedto后面少宾语，且根据上文是我们过去习惯的方法，这用what符合语意。A此题考查的是名词性从句中的表语从句，后面表语从句不完整，itwas后面还缺少表语，根据意思是“20年前的样子〞，后面一个句子是对20年前的补充说明，是一个非限制性定语从句，20年前学校设备条件不好，when在定语从句中作时间状语。B此题考查名词性从句的同位语，doubt后的同位语根据意思没有疑心应选择that引导，that在从句中不充当成分。强化题Cwhether引导的从句构成与名词thequestion的同位语。(原答案似乎有误)C主句完整,同时从句也不缺成分。根据句意可看出that引导的从句构成与awarmthought的同位语。Athat引导同位语从句，具体说明chance〔可能性〕的内容。B句意：请提醒我他说他将什么时候走。B因先行词是natives，故淘汰A和D。又因givesth.tosb.固定短语，所以选B。介词to可放在关系代词whom的前面。Bpleased后面缺少宾语从句，hewasamanofaction句意完整，故用that引导。DNomatterwhat/which只能引导让步状语从句，排除A和B。C和D的区别在于一个无范围，一个有范围。Dwonder后面的宾语从句本是whatmakeshimsoexcited：。但what需要被强调，故用强调句型。D此题考查it作形式主语,后面的that引导真正的主句从句.B此题考查同位语从句,reason后面有for引导的短语,接着后面是that引导的句子来说明理由的内容.C此题考查名词性从句的宾语从句,介词for后接宾语从句但宾语从句中缺少主语,hethought是插入语.连词what引导宾语从句且在从句中充当主语,which的意思不符合.C此题考查固定短语bedifferentfrom同时也考查名词性从句中的宾语从句，介词from后是宾语从句，但从句中ithadbeen后面少表语，所以what符合语意。B此题考查名词性从句中的介词宾语从句,根据下文意思以及在宾语从句中作主语,D不能引导名词性从句,who表达的意思不对.C此题考查名词性从句介词宾语,宾语从句中youthink是插入语,故句中缺少主语,which意思不对,应选whatC此题考查介词宾语从句,根据上下文意思该处应该是〞我们是否能得到Green先生的.With引导的独立主格结构分析

with独立主格结构是英语中一种重要的句法现象，在句子结构方面具有相对独立的特点。多年来也一直是命题的热点、重点，因此应该引起我们的高度重视。众所周知，with引导的独立主格结构非常活泼，虽然它在句子中只作状语，但是可以表示伴随、方式、原因、结果等各种复杂的情况。

现将with引导的独立主格结构总结如下。一、句法结构

1．with＋名词〔代词〕＋介词短语

Hesattherethinking,withhischinonhishand．

他手托下巴，坐在那儿沉思。

Theoldmanstoodthere,withhisbackagainstthe

wall．

那位老人背倚着墙站在那里。

Marywassittingnearthefire,withherback

towardsthedoor．

玛丽*近火炉坐着，背对着门。

2．with＋名词〔代词〕＋形容词

Hestaredathisfriendwithhismouthwideopen．

他张大嘴巴凝视着他的朋友。

Themanraisedhisheadwitheyesfullofwonderand

mystery．

这人抬起头来，眼里充满了好奇。

Hestoodtheretrembling,withhisfaceredwith

cold．

他站在那儿瑟瑟发抖，脸都冻红了。

3．with＋名词〔代词〕＋副词

Withproductionupby60％,thecompanyhashad

anotherexcellentyear．

产量上升了60％,公司又是一个好年景。

ThestupidEmperorwalkedintheprocessionwith

nothingon．

这位愚蠢的皇帝一丝不挂地行进在游行队伍中。

Thenaughtyboystoodbeforehisteacherwithhis

headdown．

这个淘气的男孩低着头站在老师面前。

Heputonhissockswiththewrongsideout．

他把袜子穿反了。

4．with＋名词〔代词〕＋名词

Sheusedtositreadingintheeveningwithherpet

dogheronlycompanion．

她从前总爱在晚上坐着看书，她的宠物狗便是她唯一的伙伴。

Hediedwithhisdaughteryetaschoolgirl．

他去世的时候，女儿还是个中学生。

5．with＋名词〔代词〕＋现在分词

Shestoodtherechattingwithherfriend,withher

childplayingbesideher．

她站在那儿跟朋友闲聊，孩子在旁边玩。

WithyouhelpingmewheneverI’mintrouble,Ifeel

veryobligedtoyou．

无论我什么时候遇到困难你总是帮助我，真是太感谢你了。

6．with＋名词〔代词〕＋过去分词

“Ithinkwecanleavewithourheadsheldhigh,〞

Erikssonsaid．“Wecameoutofthetoughestgroup,beat

Argentina,beatDenmarkinaconvincingway．〞

“我认为我们可以高昂着头离开，〞艾里克松说。“我们来自死亡之组，以一种令人信服的方式击败了阿根廷，击败了丹麦。〞

ThegoalkeeperleftJapanwithhisflawslaidbare．

这位守门员离开了日本，而他的缺点却暴露无遗。

7．with＋名词〔代词〕＋不定式

With10minutestogo,you’dbetterhurry．

还有十分钟，你最好快一点。

Withyoutoleadus,ourgroupissuretosucceed．

有你领导我们，我们组肯定能成功。二、句法功能

【作状语】with独立主格结构主要用作状语，可以表示伴随、方式、原因、时间等。

例８WithMarytohelphim,heissuretosucceed.

有玛丽的帮助，他一定能成功。

【作定语】主要是用作后置定语。

例９Thegirlreachedariverbankwithsomanyflowersonbothbanks.

这个女孩来到了两岸开满鲜花的河边。三、句法关系

【主表关系】主表关系这种关系主要是由with独立主格结构中的名词和其后的形容词、副词以及介词短语构成。

例１０Motherlookedatmewithtearsinhereyes.

妈妈眼含泪水看着我。

【主谓关系】这种关系主要是由with独立主格结构中的名词和其后的现在分词构成。

例１１Withnightcomingon,westartedforhome.

夜幕降临，我们动身回家。

例１２Theboylayonthegrass,withhiseyeslookingatthesky.

小男孩躺在草地上，两眼望着天空。

【动宾关系】这种关系主要是由with独立主格结构中的名词和其后的过去分词及动词不定式构成的，前者表示“被动、完成〞，后者表示“未做、待做〞。

例１３Withsomuchworktodo,wehadtositupthroughthenight.

有这么多工作要做，我们不得不彻夜不眠。

四、句法省略

【省略特征】with独立主格结构中的省略主要是指在“with+n+介词短语〞结构中的省略，其特点是省去with及介词短语中的名词修饰词，也就是：“n+介词+n〞。

例１４Sherantothehero,flowersinhand.

她手里拿着鲜花跑向这位英雄

介词with的用法大全With是个介词，根本的意思是“用〞，但它也可以协助构成一个极为多采多姿的句型，在句子中起两种作用；副词与形容词。

with在以下结构中起副词作用：

1.“with+宾语+现在分词或短语〞，如：

(1)Thisarticledealswithcommonsocialills,withparticularattentionbeingpaidtovandalism.

2.“with+宾语+过去分词或短语〞，如：

(2)Withdifferenttechniquesused,differentresultscanbeobtained.

(3)TheTVmechanicenteredthefactorywithtoolscarriedinbothhands.

3.“with+宾语+形容词或短语〞，如：

(4)Withsomuchwatervapourpresentintheroom,someiron-madeutensilshavebecomerustyeasily.

(5)Everynight,Helensleepswithallthewindowsopen.

4.“with+宾语＋介词短语〞，如：

(6)Withtheschoolbadgeonhisshirt,helooksallthemoreserious.

(7)Withthesecurityguardnearthegatenobadcharactercoulddoanythingillegal.

5.“with+宾语＋副词虚词〞，如：

(8)Youcannotleavethemachinetherewithelectricpoweron.

(9)Howcanyoulockthedoorwithyourguestsin?

上面五种“with〞结构的副词功能，相当普遍，尤其是在科技英语中。

接着谈“with〞结构的形容词功能，有以下五种：

一、“with+宾语+现在分词或短语〞，如：

(10)Thebodywithaconstantforceactingonit.movesatconstantpace.

(11)Canyouseethehugeboxwithalonghandleattachingtoit?

二、“with+宾语+过去分词或短语〞

(12)Throwawaythecontainerwithitscoversealed.

(13)Atomswiththeouterlayerfilledwithelectronsdonotformcompounds.

三、“with+宾语+形容词或短语〞，如：

(14)Putthedocumentsinthefilingcontainerwithallthedrawersopen.

四、“with+宾语+介词短语〞，如：

(15)Theyoungladywitharedribbononherheadismyformermathsteacher.

(16)Doyouknowthegentlemanwithbothhandsinhispockets?

五、“with+宾语+副词虚词，〞如：

(17)Isthereanywaterinthekettlewiththiscoveroff?

(18)Outwenttheboyscoutswiththeiruniformson.With的复合结构作独立主格用法尝试过考研的人都知道，考研是对个人综合素质的考研，这其中既有对知识方面的考察，也有对能力方面的检验。既然选定走考研这条路，说明我们对自己有信心，不管成功与否认定了我们有这个能力。但是知识方面有个问题需要注意，那就是考研英语中的语法学习！在考研大部队中英语方面几乎所有考生都泡在大量的阅读题海中，真题、模拟题、专家预测…只要看见阅读埋头就做题，可是却忽略了英语学习最根本的知识点-语法结构。＊With的复合结构作独立主格表伴随时，既可用分词的独立结构，也可用with的复合结构。with+名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语举例:Hestoodthere,hishandraised.=Hestoodthere,withhishandraise.典型例题Themurderwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback。A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied答案D.with+名词(代词)+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时，其主语常常用with来引导。由于本句中名词"手"与分词"绑"是被动关系，因此用过去分词，选D.注意:1)独立主格结构使用介词的问题：当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分(如物主代词或冠词)，也不用复数。但with的复合结构不受此限制Arobberburstintotheroom,knifeinhand.(hand前不能加his)。2)当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时，及物动词用现在分词，不及物动词用过去分词。Helaythere,histeethset,hishandclenched,hiseyeslookingstraightup.典型例题：Weather___,we'llgooutforawalk.ApermittedBpermittingCpermitsDforpermitting答案B.此题中没有连词，它不是复合句，也不是并列句。句中使用了逗号，且we小写，可知其不是两个简单句。能够这样使用的只有独立主格或with的复合结构。据此判断，本句中使用的是独立结构，其结构为：名词+分词。由于permit在这里翻译为'天气允许'，表主动，应用现在分词，应选B。如果不会判断独立结构作状语的形式，不妨将句子改为条件句，例如本句改为Ifweatherpermits,we'llgooutforawalk.然后将if去掉，再将谓语动词改为非谓语动词即可。精听的步骤和提高语音语调的方法听力的重要性相信不用我强调，凡学习英语的同仁们都会予以重视。无论是四、六级或是托福、雅思等考试，听力都是一个重要的环节。我今年三、四月要考上外中级口译，听力同样占了重要的比例。在口译群里询问一些高人，如何提高听力？他们丢出一句话：首先精听到达1000个小时！我粗略算了算，就算一天精听三个小时，也要不间断的一年时间！举这个例子，大家也不要被吓倒。不过为了说明想提高听力首先要满足量的积累，然后才能到达质的飞跃！精听——复述、听写(、跟读)何谓精听？看到很多大学生拿着MP3，吃饭也听，走路也听，闲着就听，可是听力仍然没有显著的提高——我以前也曾经这样做过。这样做确实营造了某种学习气氛，但为何效果不佳？因为这是泛听。如果听力到达了一定水平，泛听可以是获取信息的一种手段。而要提高听力，主要依靠的是精听。精听应该是静下心来，听文章也罢、听新闻也罢，起码听三遍以上。首先选择适合自己难易程度的文章，第一遍听大概，然后用自己的语言复述出来。如果文章太长，可以边听边记笔记，再复述。无论用中文或是英文，记录笔记只需记录关键词汇，并在不影响理解原文的根底上。我刚开始记笔记时，要么不会把握关键，影响理解原文；要么未听清某个词而苦思冥想，这些都是不好的习惯，应克服。笔记是帮助复述的工具，如果认为自己记性好，也可以不记笔记，只要能复述出来即可。如果一遍无法听清大意或无法完全的记录笔记，也可以适当的多听几遍。总之就是要完全依靠自己，听出个大概，再复述。这是第一步。接下来开始听写。可以自己断句，一个意群或一个句子断开，然后默写。第一遍完成后，第二遍边听边检查。然后翻开书对答案，看哪些单词、短语写错了，或是哪些连读未听清，一一划出记号。关上书和听写的材料，再听一遍，这一次每个字完全可以听清了。如果要练习语感、语调，建议跟读文章，重点看自己错误的地方和连读局部，还要注意语调的变化，可以作出记号。跟读后再自己读一遍，录音。如此以往，可以一步步的看出自己的提高。不仅仅是听力，还有口语。粗略算算，听力好的同学，以上步骤算下来，起码也要5遍；听力不太好的同学或许需要10遍也说不定。步骤归纳如下：1、听大意梗概。记笔记，复述。2、听写第一遍。注意断句。3、听写第二遍。检查单词、短语、连读、句子的衔接、语法。4、对答案，看哪些地方出错。5、听第四遍。关上书和材料，听清每个单词。6、跟读。注意语音、语调和连读的准确，必要时记录连读和语调的变化。7、朗读。尽量模仿原文的语音、语调。以上是梗概，同学可以根据自己的情况进行调整。不要嫌它步骤太多，或过于麻烦。我现在每精听一篇文章几乎按以上步骤，形成了习惯，以前费时长一些，现在不到一个小时可以搞定。这些方法是在新东方上课后总结出来的。新东方听力老师强力推荐听写，即使是考雅思的同学也可在听写三个月后明显提高听力；复述得口译群里的高人指点，他们有的是外交部翻译人员，或是从事翻译工作者，或是过了口译最高考试人事部二级的人群，相信此方法有一定的权威性；至于跟读，那么是我在网上偶然看到采访新东方某院长时教述的该方法，说是扎扎实实跟读、记录，一篇文章花在纠正语音、语调方面至少十遍的话，那么这样练习20-30篇文章，即可明显的提高口语的语音语调。我是一个明显的例子。当时参加新东方中级口语听力课程之后，语音语调得以明显提高。其实并没有像他说的那样跟读那么遍，只是将老师归纳的1000个单词、爆破、连读等读了几遍，然后是文章的跟读和平时的自我模拟情境对话。两个月下来，语音语调有了明显的提高。英语无论是哪种方法，只要坚之以恒，相信都会有或多或少的提高。书面表达中的高级结构我们高三英语教师在讲评书面表达时，经常告诉学生说，书面表达要得高分，就得有高级句型和高级词汇；但很多同学在写书面表达时，总认为高级句型和高级词汇很神秘，高不可及。其实，未必如此！通过研读一些优秀的学生习作和历年高考书面表达的范文，我们发现，很多所谓的高级句型和高级词汇正是我们老师反复讲解和训练的。下面列举一些常见且高级的词汇和句型，供同学们参考。一．高级词汇1．occur替换thinkofSuddenlyIhadanideathatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.→Anideaoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.Itoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.2．devote替换spendHespendsallhissparetimeinreading.→Hedevotesallhissparetimetoreading.3．seek替换want/lookforTheysought(wanted)tohidethemselvesbehindthetrees.4．average替换ordinaryI’manaverage(ordinary)student.5．but替换veryThefilmwesawlastnightwasveryinteresting.→Thefilmwesawlastnightwasnothingbutinteresting.Thefilmwesawlastnightwasanythingbutboring.6．seat替换sitOnhiswaytoschool,hefoundanoldladyseated(sitting)bytheroad,lookingworried.7．suppose替换shouldHeissupposedto(should)havedrivenmoreslowly.8．appreciate替换thankThankyouverymuchforyouhelp.→Weappreciateyourhelpverymuch./Yourhelpismuchappreciated.9．thecase替换trueIdon’tthinkitisthecase(true).10．on替换assoonasAssoonashearrived,hebeganhisresearch.→Onhisarrival,hebeganhisresearch..11．dueto替换becauseofHearrivedlatedueto(becauseof)thestorm.12．cover替换walk/readAftercovering(walking)10miles,weallfelttired.13．contributeto替换behelpful/usefulPlentyofmemoryworkisundoubtedlyhelpfultoEnglishstudy.→PlentyofmemoryworkwillundoubtedlycontributetoEnglishstudy.14．roundthecorner替换comingsoon/nearby①Thesummervacationisroundthecorner(coming).Doyouhaveanyplans?②LiMingstudiesinaschoolroundthecorner(nearby).15．cometolight替换discoverThefamilyweresopleasedwhentheydiscoveredthelostjewels.→Thefamilyweresopleasedwhenthelostjewelscametolight.16．haveaball替换haveagoodtime/enjoyoneselfAftervisitingtheworkshop,wewentbacktoschool.Everyoneofushadaball(hadagoodtime).17．comeupwith替换thinkofJackisveryclever.Heoftencomesupwith(thinksof)newideas.18．setaside替换saveSomestudentsthinkthattheyshouldsetasidesomeoftheirpocketmoneyforbooks.(2004天津卷)19．beof+n.替换adj.Theproductsareofhighquality(verygood)andaresoldeverywhereinChina.20．referto替换talkabout/of,mentionTheprofessoryoureferredto(talkedabout)isveryfamous.21．cannotbut/cannothelpbut替换havetodoIcouldnotbut(hadto)gohome.22．moreoftenthannot替换usuallyMoreoftenthannot(Usually),themeaningofmanywordscanbeeasilyguessed.23．lest替换sothat/inorderthatIwrotedownhistelephonenumbersothatIwouldnotforgetit.→IwrotedownhistelephonenumberlestI(should)forgetit.24．belongforsth./belongtodosth.替换wanttodosth./wishforIwanttoseeyouverymuch.→Iamlongtoseeyou.25．becaughtupin/becrazyabout/beabsorbedin/beaddictedto替换beinterestedinHeiscaughtupin(veryinterestedin)collectingstamps.26．morethan替换very①I’mverygladtolearnthatyouarecominginSeptember.→I’mmorethangladtolearnthatyouarecominginSeptember.(NMET2003)②IfthereisanythingIcandoforyou,Iwouldbemorethangladtohelp.(2004全国卷)27．perfect(ly)替换good/verywellHespeaksperfect(good)English./HespeaksEnglishperfectly(verywell).28．dosba/thefavor替换helpWouldyoupleasedomethefavor(helpme)toturndowntheradio?29．theotherday替换afewdaysagoTheotherdaymybrotherandIwenttothecinemabybicycle.(NMET1997)30．inthecourseof替换duringInthecourseof(During)themountain-climbing,pleasehelpeachotherandpayspecialattentiontoyoursafety.31．themajorityof替换mostThemajorityof(Mostof)theintervieweespreferwatchingTVathometogoingtothecinema.32．consistof替换bemadeupofOurclassconsistsof(ismadeupof)50students.33．bewornout替换betired/broken①Afterfivehours’non-stopwork,wewereallwornout(tired).②Myshoesarewornout(broken).Pleasebuymeanewpair.34．becomeof替换happenWhatdothinkhasbecomeof(happenedto)him?35．attendto替换lookafter36．onconditionthat替换aslongas37．nevertheless替换however38．expressone’ssatisfactionwith替换besatisfiedwith39．sparenoeffortstodo替换tryone’sbesttodo40．manya替换many41．berushedoffone’sfeet替换bebusyindoing42．ahandfulof替换alittle/some43．meanwhile替换atthesametime44．gettoone’sfeet替换standup45．beneath替换under46．occasionally替换sometimes/onceinwhile47．forinstance替换forexample48．seldom替换notoften49．wealthy替换rich50．amazing替换surprising51．asamatteroffact替换infact二．高级句型结构◆It句型①Itwillbe+sometime+before…Itwon’tbelongbeforehumansvisittheMars.②Itis+adj./n.+forsbtodosth.Itisveryimportantforustolearncomputerwell,becauseithaschangedourlifesomuch.HesaidsinceitwasanewmodelinChina,itwasimpossibletofixitwithouttherightspareparts.〔2021年湖北卷〕③Itis+被强调局部+that…1)ItiswhatYangLiweihasdonethatencouragesusalot.2)Thosewholikereadingextensivelysayitisthroughreadingthatwegetourknowledge.◆more…thananyother表示最高级Amongtheoptionalcourses,spokenEnglishandcomputerstudyaremorepopularthananyoneelse.◆名词从句①Itwouldmeanagreatdealtometolistentothetapeandlearnwhatiscoveredinthetalk.(2004全国卷Ⅲ)②Myhometownisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.◆〔非限制性〕定语从句①TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet.ItisnotfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.→TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet,whichisnotfarfromJianxin②Itwasquiteanexperienceforusboth,whichI’llneverforgetfortherestofmylife.(2002北京卷)◆分词结构①Idon’tknowaboutothers,butIusedtohavetoworkevenatweekendsdoingendlesshomeworkandattendingclassesaswell.(NMET2001)②We’llmostlystayathomeintheeveningwatchingTV,playinggames,andmeetingpeople.(2004全国卷Ⅱ)③Hearingthis,afewpeoplebegantorunafterhim.〔2004辽宁卷〕=4\*GB3④BorninAmerican,ThomasEdisonwasagreatscientistandinventor.〔2021年湖南卷〕◆with结构①Aterribleaccidenthappenedyesterday,withninepeoplekilledandalmosteightyinjured.②Hewascarryingabedrollandalargebagonhisshoulder,withalargesuitcaseinhislefthand.◆倒装句①Thelibraryistotheeastoftheteachingbuilding.→Eastoftheteachingbuildingisthelibrary.②Althoughwearetired,wearehappy.→Tiredasweare,wearehappy.③Onlyinthiswaycanhegrowtobeausefulman.(2002上海卷)=4\*GB3④Mayallyourdreamscometrue!Mayourfriendshiplasttilltheendoftheuniverse.!〔2007年湖南卷〕◆被动语态①Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.(NMET2002)②Allclassesaretaughtbyteacherswithrichexperienceinteachingforeignstudents.(2004全国卷Ⅳ)③Newfactories,housesandroadshavebeenbuilt.(2004江苏卷)◆巧妙的改写〔1〕．Only改成noonebutOnlyTompassedtheexamlastweek.→NoonebutTompassedtheexam.〔2〕．assoonas…改成Nosooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/ThemomentNosoonerhadwearrivedatthecinemathanthefilmstarted.〔3〕．havesb/sthdo/doneThegirlwasknockedoffherbicycleandhadherlegbroken(herlegwasbroken.).〔4〕．变换插入语的位置①However,theysuggestfeesshouldbechargedlow.→Theysuggest,however,feesshouldbechargedlow.(NMET2002)②Ithinkthisisagoodchanceforyoutoshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou’velearnedChinese.→Thisisagoodchanceforyou,Ithink,toshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou’velearnedChinese.(2004全国卷Ⅰ)(5).用同位语代替非限制性定语从句Meimei,whoissevenyearsold,hasbeenlearningtorideabicycleforseveraldays.→Meimei,agirlofthirteen,hasbeenlearningtorideabicycleforseveraldays.(2002上海卷)Shakespeare,asonfromapoorfamily,amanoflittleeducation,wroteplaysandpoemsthatarereadallovertheworld.〔2021年湖南卷〕◆其它〔1〕注重句子的开头①用with复合结构开头Withthesunsettinginthewest,wehadtowavegoodbyetotheworkers.Withhishelp,we'velearnedhowtoanalyzeandsettleproblems.〔2006年湖南卷〕Withthefunctionsofinserting,deleting,movingandcopying,itenablesustoedittest,browsewebpageanddownloadwhatwewant.〔2021年江苏卷〕②用非谓语动词形式开头ⅰ〕InordertoimproveourEnglish,ourschoolheldanEnglishcontest.ⅱ〕Walkingtowardsthecinema,hemetaforeigner.〔2〕长短句交错使用〔注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好〕◆◆相关过渡语1).表示时间顺序:first,then,afterwards,meanwhile,later，firstofall,finally,atlast…2).表示空间顺序:near,nextto,farfrom,infrontof,ontheleft,ononeside…3).表示比拟、对照:like,unlike,suchas,but,however,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,nevertheless,otherwise…4).表示因果关系:because,for,asaresult,therefore,thus…5).表示递进关系:besides,what’smore,whatwasworse,moreover,furthermore,inaddition,ontopof…6).表示并列关系:and,aswellas,also…7).表示总结性:ingeneral,inaword,inshort,onthewhole,tosumup,inbrief,toconclude…高一英语阅读理解专讲专练含答案及解析十推理推理是在理解文章外表文字信息的根底上，作出一定的判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义的方法。有时作者并未把意图说出来，我们可根据字面意思，通过研究语篇的逻辑关系和细节的暗示，来推敲作者的态度，进行深层理解。推理是一种创造性的思维活动。由于推理是在的根底上来推断未知的，因此我们必须忠实于原文，要以文章提供的事实和线索为依据来进行推理和判断，不能凭空想象，随意揣测，把自己的臆断强加给作者。正确推理包括这几个方面：①弄清作者的意图，以及写作的缘由。②分析材料所提供的信息。③注意字、词的原意及引申含意。④根据句子的含意推断作者的言外之意。总之，只有吃透文章的字面意思，推理才有前提和根底。PassageA阅读理解Millionsofyearsagothereweremanytypesofdinosaursonearth.Mostdinosaurswereplanteaters.TheApatosaurus,forexample,hadalongthinnecksothatitcouldeatleavesfromtrees.Otherdinosaursweremeateaters.TheTyrannosaurusRexkilledsmallerdinosaursforfood.Dinosaurswererealanimalsthatoncelivedontheearth,buttheydiedoutabout65millionyearsago.Thedisappearanceofthedinosaursisinsomewayagreatmystery(谜).①Somescientiststhinkthattheclimate(气候)changedsuddenly.Fossils(化石)oftreestellusthatthetemperaturedroppedalotandthattheleveloftheseadroppedaswell.②Thismeansthatitgotsuddenlymuchcolder.Perhapsthedinosaursweretooslowtochangewiththeclimate.Anewideaisthatameteor(流星)crashedintotheearth.ScientistsdiscoveredaplaceinMexicowheretheythinkthemeteorcrashed.Theythinkthattherewasalotofdustfromthemeteor.Thedustlandedontheplants.Alsothedustblocked(阻挡)thesun'slightforaslongasfiveyears.Manyanimals,includingdinosaurs,wereplanteaters,andperhapsthedustkilledthem.Thismeanstherewasnothingleftformeateatingdinosaurstoeat,andsotheydiedout.But,asmanyanimalsfromthattimedidntdie,wearenot100%surewhatreallyhappened.根据文章内容，选择正确答案：1.Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?A.Dinosaurs,therealanimalslivingmillionsofyearsago.B.Thetwotypesofdinosaurs.C.Theprobablereasonsfordinosaursdisappearance.D.Ameteorcrashedintotheearth.2.Whatarethetwopossibleexplanationstothedinosaursdisappearance?A.Temperaturedroppingandsealeveldropping.B.Climatechangingandmeteor'scrashing.C.Thedroppingoftemperatureandsealevel.D.Climatechangingandthedustblockingthesun.3.Whatisthedirectcauseofthedisappearanceofmeateatingdinosaurs?A.Ameteor'scrashing.B.Thedustblockingthesun.C.Theplanteatingdinosaursdeath.D.Itisstillunknown.难句注释①Thedisappearanceofthedinosaursisinsomewayagreatmys