高考英语一轮复习阅读理解 七选五分组练八

高考英语阅读理解+七选五分组练八PartA（1）Sixannoying“facts”peoplehavetofinallystopbelievinginWaltDisneydidnotcreateMickeyMouse.HisclosefriendandcollaboratorUbIwerksdid,thoughhewas“deniedcredit”forcreatingthismajorpieceofpopculturehistory.Iwerkscameupwiththecharacterin1928.AlbertEinsteinneverflunkedamathclassasachild.WhentheadultEinsteinwasshownanewspaperarticleclaiminghehad,hereplied,“BeforeIwas15,Ihadmastereddifferentialandintegralcalculus.(微积分)”WhileEinsteinachievedhighgradesthroughouthischildhoodeducation,he“hatedthestrictprotocolsfollowedbyteachersandrotelearningdemandedofstudents”attheschoolsheattended.3.NapoleonBonapartewasnotshort.Despitethefactthathisnamehasbecomesynonymouswith“angryshortman,”NapoleonBonapartewasactuallyofaverageheightforthetimeperiodinwhichhelived.Hiscontemporariesdescribedhimasbeing5'2",buttheFrenchmeasuredheightdifferentlybackintheday,sohewasactuallyaround5'5".Thatmadehimjust“aninchorsobelowtheperiod’saverageadultmaleheight.”4.IsaacNewtondidn'tdiscovergravitybecauseanapplestruckhimonthehead.Rather,hewitnessedanapplefallingandwonderedwhyobjectsalwaysfalldowninsteadofuporsideways,athoughtthatinspiredhisLawofUniversalGravitation.5.Batsarenotblind.No,batsarenotblind.Batshavesmalleyeswithverysensitivevision,whichhelpsthemseeinconditionswemightconsiderpitchblack.Theydon'thavethesharpandcolorfulvisionhumanshave,buttheydon'tneedthat.6.Blackholes.Notreally“holes,”butratherhugelydenseobjectswithmassivegravitationalpull.1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Unabletoachievehighgradesatschool,Einsteinhatedtherigidrules.B.Batshavesmalleyesbutwiththesamesharpandcolorfulvisionashumans.C.Newtondiscoveredgravityoutofcuriositybutbyaccident.D.Blackholesarehugeobjectswithmassivegravitationalpush.2.Thetextiswrittenhereinorderto_______________.A.presentsomecommonbeliefs. B.clarifysomepopularmyths.C.relatesomeinterestingstories. D.listsomehistoricalfacts.3.Whichsectionofamagazinemaythistextbefoundin?A.Entertainment B.History C.Education D.Popularscience（2）Weallknowthatahealthylifemeansgettingbothplentyofexerciseandenoughgood-qualitysleep,butrealityoftengetsintheway.Thenewresearchindicatesthatdoingenoughexercisecouldmakeupforsomeoftheunhealthyimpactsofbadsleep.Whilethehealthbenefitsofexerciseandsleeparenothingnew,it'stherelationshipbetweenthemthatisinterestinginthisparticularstudy—itcouldevengivedoctorsanotheroptiontosuggestforpatientsdealingwithsleepproblems.“Wefoundthosewhohadboththepoorestsleepqualityandwhoexercisedtheleastweremostatriskofdeathfromheartdisease,stroke,andcancer,”saysepidemiologistBo-HueiHuang,fromtheUniversityofSydneyinAustralia.Participantsweregroupedintothreelevelsofphysicalactivity(high,mediumorlow)andwerealsogivenasleepqualityscorefrom0-5basedontheamountofshut-eyetheygot,howlatetheystayedup,insomnia,snoringanddaytimesleepiness.Thosewiththehighestriskofdyingfromcancerorheartdiseaseduringthestudyperiodwerethosewiththeworstqualitysleepandwhodidn'tmeettheWHOrecommendedguidelinesforexercise.Thatriskwentdownforpeoplewithpoorqualitysleepbutwhodidmeettheexerciseguidelines.Inthecaseofallformsofcancer,forexample,thoseattheunhealthiestendofthesleepandexercisescalehada45percenthigherriskofdyingfromcancerthanthosewithgoodsleepscoreswhokeptphysicallyactive.However,thatriskjustaboutdisappearedforthosewhodidn'tscorewellonsleepbutdidscorewellonphysicalactivity.Fornowit'snotclearwhymoreexercisemightmakeupforpoorsleep,asfarasourhealthgoes.Itcouldbethattheincreasedactivityiscounteractinginflammation（炎症）,orreducingirregularitiesinglucosemetabolism,suggesttheresearchers.“Consideringthatphysicalactivityisperhapsmoremodifiablethansleep,ourstudyofferspeoplemorehealthincentivestobephysicallyactive.”sayspopulationhealthresearcherEmmanuelStamatakis,fromtheUniversityofSydney.4.Thisresearchisofparticularinterestinthat______________.A.it’sinthisstudythatexerciseisknowntobebeneficialtosleep. B.thisstudyofferspeoplemorehealthtreatmentstobephysicalactive. C.itcouldenabledoctorstocurepatientsoftheirsleepingcondition. D.therelationshipbetweenexerciseandsleepisupdatedinthisstudy.5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thosewhohadthepoorestsleepqualityweremostatriskofdeathfromheartdisease. B.Thosescoringlowestonsleepandexercisescaleweremorelikelytodiefromcancer. C.There’snoriskofcancerforthosewhodidn'tsleepwellbutdidscorewellonphysicalactivity. D.It'sevidentthatintermsofhealthmoreexercisecouldmakeupforpoorsleep.6.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph6mean? A.interacting B.increasing C.preventing D.causing7.Wherecanthispassagemostprobablybetakenfrom?A.Aresearchfindingsreport B.AmedicalexaminationreportC.Apoorsleepstudyreport D.Aphysicalactivitystudyreport（3）Agrowingbodyofresearchisrevealingassociationsbetweenbirthdefects(缺陷)andafather'sage,alcoholuseandenvironmentalfactors,sayresearchersatGeorgetownUniversityMedicalCenter.Theysaythesedefectsresultfromepigeneticchangesthatcanpotentiallyaffectmultiplegenerations.Thestudy,publishedintheAmericanJournalofStemCells,suggestbothparentscontributetothehealthstatusoftheiroffspring------acommonsenseconclusionwhichscienceisonlynowbeginningtodemonstrate,saysthestudy'sseniorinvestigator,JoannaKitlinska,PhD,anassociateprofessorinbiochemistry,andmolecularandcellularbiology.“Weknowthenutritional,hormonalandpsychologicalenvironmentprovidedbythemotherpermanentlyinfluencesorganstructure,cellularresponseandgeneexpressioninheroffspring,”shesays.“Butourstudyshowsthesamethingtobetruewithfathers—hislifestyle,andhowoldheis,canbereflectedinmoleculesthatcontrolgenefunction,”shesays.“Inthisway,afathercanaffectnotonlyhisimmediateoffspring,butfuturegenerationsaswell.”Forexample,anewborncanbediagnosedwithfetal(胎儿的)alcoholspectrumdisorder(FASD),eventhoughthemotherhasneverconsumedalcohol,Kitlinskasays.“Upto75percentofchildrenwithFASDhavebiologicalfatherswhoarealcoholics,suggestingthatpreconceptualpaternalalcoholconsumptionnegativelyimpactstheiroffspring.”Advancedageofafatheriscorrelatedwithelevatedratesofcertaindiseases,andbirthdefectsinhischildren.Alimiteddietduringafather’spreadolescencehasbeenlinkedtoreducedriskofcardiovasculardeathinhischildrenandgrandchildren.Paternalobesityislinkedtoenlargedfatcells,changesinmetabolicregulation,diabetes,obesityanddevelopmentofbraincancer.Psychosocialstressonthefatherislinkedtodefectivebehavioraltraitsinhisoffspring.Andpaternalalcoholuseleadstodecreasednewbornbirthweight,markedreductioninoverallbrainsizeandimpairedcognitivefunction.“Thisnewfieldofinheritedpaternalepigeneticsneedstobeorganizedintoclinicallyapplicablerecommendationsandlifestylealternations,”Kitlinskasays.“Andtoreallyunderstandtheepigeneticinfluencesofachild,weneedtostudytheinterplaybetweenmaternalandpaternaleffects,asopposedtoconsideringeachinisolation.”8.What’sthemessagethewriterconveysinthepassage?Bothparentscontributetothehealthstatusoftheiroffspring.Father’sageandlifestylearetiedtobirthdefects.Fatherplaysamorecriticalroleinbirthdefects.Birthdefectscanpotentiallyaffectmultiplegenerations.9.WhatcanweinferfromtheexampleinParagraph5?FASDcanonlybediagnosedinanewbornwhosefatherisaddictedtoalcohol.AnewbornwillnotcontractFASDifhismotherhasneverconsumedalcohol.Afather’slifestylecannegativelyimpacthisoffspring.Mostchildrenhavebiologicalfatherswhoarealcoholics.10.Whichofthefollowingsituationsislesslikelytoleadtochildren’sbirthdefects?A.Havingafatherwithalimiteddiet. B.Havingafatherwhoisanalcoholic.C.Havinganoverweightfather. D.Havingafatherwithpsychosocialstress.11.Whatwilltheresearchprobablycontinuetofocusoninthepartthatfollows?ThematernalepigeneticinfluencesofachildThewaystoavoidnegativepaternalinfluenceonchildren.Theclinicalapplicationoftheresearchfindings.Theinteractionbetweenmaternalandpaternaleffects.（4）IvyLeagueschoolsareconsideredtobethemostprestigiousofallcollegesintheUnitedStates.TheseschoolsareprimarilylocatedintheNortheasternpartofthecountry.ThereareeighttotalcollegesthatareconsideredtobeIvyLeague.TheseschoolsareBrown,Harvard,Cornell,Princeton,Dartmouth,Yale,andColumbiauniversitiesandtheUniversityofPennsylvania.Ofallinstitutionsofhigherlearning,theseeliteschoolsareconsideredtobethemostoutstandingandthemostsought-afterintermsofacceptanceandgraduation.Theterm“IvyLeague”cameaboutin1954whentheNCAAathleticconferenceforDivisionIwasformed.Atthetime,theelitismoftheseschoolswasreallyduetotheirprestigeintherealmofsportslikebasketball.Althoughtheterm“IvyLeague”wasnotcreateduntilthe1950s,manyoftheseschoolswereinexistenceasfarbackas1636,whenJohnHarvardbecamethefirstbenefactorofHarvardUniversity.Althoughthisgroupofeliteschoolsisconsideredtobepartofonebigleagueoftheelite,therehavebeenplentyofinternalrivalriesovertheyears.ThesportsthatthesecollegesplayweresopopularthatsometeamsbeganplayinggamesinNewYorkCitysospectatorscouldcomefromfarawayandwatchthegames.Thepopularityofboththeathleteswhoplayedandthecollegeteamrivalriesbroughtinagooddealofattentiontotheschoolsaswellasrevenuefromticketsales.Therehavealsobeenacademicrivalriesbetweenschools.Mostly,theserivalriesareamatterofopinionintermsofwhichschoolhasthemosthonorgraduates,whichschoolsofferthemostprestigiousscholarships,andwhatfamousgraduateshavecomefromeachschool.EachIvyLeaguecollegehasitsownuniqueaccomplishmentsthatmakeitimportant.Allcarryacertainreputationwiththem,andeachschoolhasprogramsthatexcelprimarilyinthemedicalandlawfields,makingthemsomeofthemostsought-afterschoolsintheworld.Theiradmissionprocessisveryselective,whichhelpstheschoolsensurethattheyonlyacceptthebestandbrightest.ManyfamouspeoplehavegraduatedfromIvyLeagueschools,includingrecentpresidentsGeorgeW.Bush,BillClinton,andBarackObama.Thisprestigeleadsmanytobelievethatthesecollegesareonlyforthewealthyandelite.Often,companieslookforIvyLeaguegraduatesaspotentialemployees,usuallypreferredbylawfirms,medicalfacilities,andlargecorporations.IthaslongbeencovetedtohaveearnedadegreefromanIvyLeagueschool.Today,theIvyLeagueschoolsarestillexcellentinbothacademiaandinsports,andtheyhaveleftalegacyofhighereducationwithanexceptionaltrackrecordandreputationtogoalongwiththem.12.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.IvyLeagueschoolswereinitiallyfamousfortheirreputationinsports.B.IvyLeagueschoolsdidn’tcomeintoexistenceuntilthe1950s.C.IvyLeagueschoolsdonotcompetewitheachotherwithintheleague.D.IvyLeagueschoolsaremostpopularfortheirexcellenceinthemedicalandlawfields.13.WhichofthefollowingaspectsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.ThehistoryoftheIvyLeague B.TherivalryoftheIvyLeague C.TheaccomplishmentsandculturalimpactsoftheIvyLeagueD.ThefuturedevelopmentoftheIvyLeague14.WhydomanypeoplebelievethatIvyLeaguecollegesareonlyforthewealthyandelite?A.Becausetheyarethemostsought-afterschoolsintheworld.B.Becausetheyhaveselectiveadmissionprocesstohelpensurethequalityoftheirstudents.C.BecausemanyfamouspeoplehavegraduatedfromIvyLeagueschools.D.BecausemanycompanieslookforIvyLeaguegraduatesaspotentialemployees.15.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“coveted”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.advocated B.desired C.restricted D.sponsored PartB阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。MindlessEating:Youmayalsobeamindlesseater!Everyoneofushasmomentsofmindlesseating.Forexample,youmayunintentionallymunchthroughawholebagofchipswhilewatchingTV._____16_____.Peopletendtoreachoutforfoodasaneasilyavailablewhentheyareupset,boredorstressful.However,whenweconsumevarioussnacksmechanically,weendupfeelingmoreunhappyandevenguilty.Mindfuleating:enjoyyourfood!_______17______.Itmeanspayingattentiontothepresentmomentwithcuriosity,opennessaswellaskindness.Itmeansbeingpresentwithyourfoodandeatingprocesswithallyourconsciousnessandawareness.Beforeeating,youshouldassesswheth