护理学基础习题

护理学基础习题一、选择题Healthpromotionandassistingtheclienttoattainahigherlevelofhealthis()theroleofthepublichealthdepartmentanintegralpartofthenursingprocess.Reservedforadvancedpracticenurses.Unrealisticgiventheclientpopulation.Thenurseisawarethatthenormalfetalheartratebetween()60-80beatsperminute60-100beatsperminute80-100beatsperminute80-120beatsperminuteAnurseiscaringforaclientwhohasjustsustainedmultipletrauma.Todetectinternalbleeding,thenursemustfrequentlymonitor()temperaturepulserespirationbloodpressurewhichofthefollowingdietsisappropriateforaclientwithrenalfailureonhemodialysis()Highprotein,highpotassium,highcarbohydrate.Lowprotein,lowpotassium,lowphosphate.Lowprotein,highphosphorous,highsodium.Highprotein,highcalcium,lowfatThenurseknowsthataclientreceivingtotalparenteralnutrition(TPN)willhavetheIVtubingchanged()every24hoursevery48hoursevery72hourseverytimeanewbag/bottleishungForwhichofthefollowingclientswouldyouuseanoralthermometer()a6-month-oldinfantaclientreceivingoxygentherapya42-year-oldhealthyfemaleanunconsciousclientThenormalrespiratoryrateinadultsisconsideredtobe()1to6breathsperminute16to20breathsperminute60to80breathsperminute100to120breathsperminuteWhichofthefollowingisthereasontheintravenousmethodofmedicationadministrationiscalledthemostdangerousrouteofadministration()theveincantakeonlyasmallamountoffluidatatimetheveinmayhardenandbecomenonfunctionalbloodclotsmaybecomeaseriousproblemthedrugisplaceddirectlyintothebloodstreamanditsactionisimmediateWhattypeofsettingisconsideredmoststressfulfornurse()cancertreatmentcentersnursinghomesoperatingroomintensivecareunitsAnolderclient’sskinrequiresspecialcarebecause()subcutaneousfatincreasessebaceousglandssecretemoreoiltheskinbecomesincreasinglydrytheskinthickensProvidingperinealcaretoaclientrequiresthatthenurse()useacleanportionofthewashclothforeachstrokeproceedfrommostcontaminatedtoleastcontaminatedareausesterileglovesleavetheforeskinundisturbedinanuncircumcisedmaleAfteraninitialassessment,thenursedocumentsthepresenceofareddenedareathathasblistered.Accordingtorecognizedstagingsystems,thisulcerisclassifiedas()stageⅠstageⅡstageⅢstageⅣAnolderinvalidclientsitsandslumpsinherchairmostoftheday.Sheismostlikelytodevelopapressureulcerbecauseof()malnutritionshearingforcesedemaachronicdiseaseMs.Sanchezis80yearsold,obese,hasastageⅢsacralpressureulcer.Theprioritynursingdiagnosisis()ImpairedTissueIntegrityCaregiverRoleStrainAlteredNutrition:LessthanbodyrequirementsBathing/HygieneSelfCareDeficitAprioritynursingactiontopreventaclientfromdevelopingapressureulceris()usewaterproofmaterialonthebedmassageanyreddenedareafrequentlyuseanair-inflatedringtorelievepressureonareasuseamildsoapwhencleansingtheskinThekeyfactorcontributingtotheetiologyofapressureulceris()moistureincontinencepressuremalnutritionThemostcommoncomplaintofclientsvisitingsleepdisorderclinicsis()HypersomniaNarcolepsyChronicinsomniaEnuresisActivedreamingoccursduring()StageⅡNREMStageⅢNREMstageⅣNREMREMsleepAclient’sbodytemperatureis37.2℃inthelateafternoon.Thisismostlikely()asignofaninfectionnormalcircadianrhythmhyperpyrexiaduetoawarmenvironmentThemostaccurateindicationoffluidbalancestatusis()intakeandoutputskinturgorcompletebloodcountdailyweight21.南丁格尔创建的世界上第一所正式护士学校建立在。A.意大利的佛罗伦萨B.德国的凯塞威尔斯城C.意大利沙弗诺城D.英国圣托马斯医院E.俄国的克里米亚22.我国第一所正式护士学校创办于_______。A.1860年B.1880年C.1888年D.1892年E.1912年23.社区护士指导脑卒中恢复期患者进行功能锻炼属于。A.一级预防 B.二级预防 C.三级预防D.临床前期预防E.病因预防24.对人体健康影响最为深远又最能被控制的因素是。A.自然环境因素B.生活方式C.生物遗传因素D.健康服务系统E.社会环境因素25.在卫生部提出的医院管理方案中，医院被分成。A.二级、四等B.二级、五等C.二级、十等D.三级、五等E.三级、十等26.中华护理学会属于下列哪一卫生组织机构。A.隶属于卫生部的卫生机构B.隶属于行业的卫生机构C.卫生专业机构D.军队卫生机构E.民间或非政府卫生组织27.门诊护士在患者侯诊时为候诊患者提供有关疾病和健康的信息，这是属于门诊护理的工作。A.预检分诊B.安排候诊和就诊C.治疗D.健康教育E.消毒隔离28.患者王某，在全麻下行直肠癌根治术后返回病房，护士应调整病房的最佳温、湿度分别为。A.18～22℃、30%～40%B.18～22℃、50%～60%C.22～D.22～24℃、50%～60%E.22～2429.护士在手术前对患者及家属进行术前宣教，这体现了当代护士的角色功能。A.健康照顾者B.管理者C.研究者D.教育者E.咨询者30.交谈时间尽量短、提问以封闭式问题为好，或用非语言方式来沟通最适用于。A.发怒患者B.哭泣患者C.抑郁患者D.感觉缺陷的患者E.危重患者31.世界上第一部护理法是在1919年颁布的，这一护理法的名称是。A.《英国护理法》B.《德国护理法》C.《美国护理法》D.《瑞士护理法》E.《法国护理法》32.《中华人民共和国护士管理办法》颁布于。A.1988年B.1991年C.1993年D.1995年E.1997年33.患者赵某，女，43岁，某公司董事长，诊断“乳房肿块性质待查”医生建议其住院手术治疗，但患者说最近工作非常繁忙拒绝住院，该患者的表现为。A.角色强化B.角色缺如C.角色冲突D.角色适应E.角色消退34.患者对医院的医疗护理管理制度提出意见，这体现了患者的权利。A.免除一定社会职责B.享受平等医疗待遇C.要求医护人员保密D.知情、同意E.监督35.以下哪项不属于系统。A.一个医院B.一座建筑物C.一群围观者D.宇宙E.海洋36.一个新入院的6岁儿童，啼哭不止，并发生尿床，该患儿的不良行为可能属于。A.智力低下B.恶作剧C.挑衅性行为D.无意识行为E.退行性行为37.在下述对话中，护士应用了哪一种沟通技巧。病人：“我每天喝少量酒已经好多年了。”护士：“请您告诉我您每天喝几两酒？喝了多少年了？”A.改述B.复述C.总结D.澄清E.反映38.下列无菌容器使用法哪项不正确。A.打开无菌容器时，容器盖的无菌面朝上B.手不可触及容器的内面C.用毕立即将容器盖严D.拿无菌容器时应托住底部E.无菌物品取出后，未用应立即放回39.护理评判性思维的核心目的是。A.诊断推理B.质疑反思C.临床决策D.鉴别诊断E.演绎推理40.下列影响护理临床决策的因素中属于情境因素的是。A.决策风险性B.思维方式C.护理专业规范D.病房设置E.情感倾向41.护理程序估计阶段的总目的是。A.取得完整高质量的资料B.找出护理问题C.使患者得到整体护理D.改进护理实践的方法E.提供护理科研资料42.下列目标的陈述哪项是正确的。A.患者能下床行走至门口B.扶患者行走至门边C.三天内，患者能自己行走至门边D.患者能够掌握皮下注射方法E.住院期间，教会患者皮下注射胰岛素方法43.护理程序效果评价的核心内容是。A.护理病历的质量B.护理分工组织形式C.护理人员职责落实D.患者健康状况的改善E.护理措施的实施情况44.自护理论是由护理理论家提出的。A.南丁格尔B.韩德森C.奥利维亚D.罗杰斯E.奥瑞姆45.以下哪个观点是贝蒂·纽曼理论的基本观点。A.人是一个具有基本结构或能源核心的动态开放系统B.护理的目标是提高护理对象满足自护需求的能力C.护理的目标是帮助护理对象重建对环境的积极适应D.护士的任务是满足护理对象的14项基本需要E.护理的目标是为了提高个体对健康和疾病的适应性46.护送坐轮椅的病人，下坡时应做到。A、拉起踏脚板B、轮椅往前倾C、拉上手闸D、病人的头及背应向后靠E、护送人走在轮椅前面47.为增强杀菌作用和去污防锈,煮沸时水中可加入。醋酸钠48.下列关于紫外线消毒的叙述正确的是。8C.最佳湿度为50％～80％D.最佳照射距离为5mE.用于空气消毒的照射时间为1～2h49.下列属于低效消毒剂的是。A.环氧乙烷B.新洁尔灭C.过氧乙酸D.福尔马林E.碘伏50.属于半污染区的区域是。A.值班室B.配餐室C.病区走廊D.病室E.浴室二、名词解释1.NursingProcess2.Disinfection3.prn4.urineincontinence5.TPN6.Highproteindiet7.Hospicecare8.Constipation9.Health(WHO)10.Disinfection11.HolisticNursing12.Sravenousinjection三、简答题1.Describetheconceptionofnursinginyourownwords.2.Whatispressuresore?Howtopreventit?3.Whatistheprincipleofasepsis?4.简述输血“三查八对”原则。5.简述出院患者床单位终末消毒的基本方法。四、问答题1.A47-year-oldmaniscomingtothehealthclinicforaphysicalexaminationbythenursepractitionerforaroutineemploymentphysical.Thenurseobtainsthefollowingroutinevitalsigns:temperature,36.9℃;rightradicalpulserateof9andirregular;BP,sitting,162/82;SpO295%onroomair;respiratoryrate22.a.Astheadmittingnurse,whatquestionswoundyouaskthisclienttoevaluatehisriskforhypertension?b.Basedonthethesevitalsigns,whatactionshouldyoutake?2.Mrs.Luisisa37-year-oldwomanshohasbeenadmittedwithhematuria.Shehasnoticedbloodinherurineforaweek,butshewashopingitwouldgoaway.Sheistoundergoacystoscopyin4hours.a.Whatisthepurposeofthecystoscopy?b.Whatnursingcareisneededbeforeshegoestotheoperatingroom?c.Giveatleasttwonursingresponsibilitiesforcare