安徽省部分名校2020-2021学年上学期高二英语期中试题精选汇编：七选五专题（部分详解）

PAGEPAGE9安徽省部分名校2020-2021学年上学期高二英语期中试题精选汇编七选五专题安徽省师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高二英语上学期期中试题第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能境入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manyofusspentourchildhoodsdreamingofbecomingastronauts.However,thehardrealityisthatonlyaselectfewwillmakeit.____16____Notnecessarily.Infact,someofthespacejobsarenotonlyforastronautsandtheyallsoundjustascool.Oneofthemostinterestingspacejobsthatyoumayhaveneverheardofis“chiefsniffer（嗅探员）NASAhasalreadyhiredachiefsniffernamedGeorgeAldrich,whosejobistosmellmaterialsbeforetheyareusedinspacecrafts.___17___Aspacecraftisoflimitedsizeandrelativelyhightemperature,whichmakessmellsstrongerinsideofit."Onceaspacecraftislaunched,astronautshavenowayofescapingunpleasantsmells."AldrichtoldTheTelegraph.Moreimportantly,smellingobjectscanhelpidentifydangerouschemicalsthatcouldthreatenastronauts'health.Anotherjob,the“spacetourguide”，mayseemalittleaheadofitstime——afterall,what'sthepointofhiringatourguidewhentherearen'tanytouriststhere?Butnow,manyprivatecompaniesarestartingtoprovidespacetrips,andwealthyspaceenthusiastssuchasJustinBieberandSarahBrightmanhavealreadysignedupfortours.____18____Beingaspacetourguiderequiresrichknowledgeofastronomy,astrophysics,geographyandhistorytohelppassengersgetthemostoutoftheirjourney.____19____Astronautsoftenspendweeksorevenmonthsinasmallcapsulewiththesamegroupofpeople,whichiswhya“spacepsychologist”isalsoneededtohelpastronautsovercomementalchallenges,likefeelingboredandlonely.RohitTalwar,chiefexecutiveofUScompanyFastFutureResearch,said,"We'recrossingtheboundaries（界限）betweensciencefictionandreality._____20_____”A.Butdoesthatmeanyou'llnevergetthechancetoworkinspace?B.Modernastronautsledlesslonelyandhelplesswhentheyworkasagroup.C.Thereisalmostnopossibilitythatnormalpeoplewillbeabletoafiordspacetravel.D.Thingswe'veseeninthepastinmoviesarenowbecomingrealcareeropportunities.E.Usingyournoseatworkmightsoundalittlestrange,butthejobisactuallyveryimportant.F.Itmaynotbelongbeforespacebecomesoneofthetoptraveldestinationsforhumanbeings.G.Tourguidesalsoneedtobeexcellentstorytellerstohelpexperiencetheamazementofspacetravel.【答案】16.A17.E18.F19.G20.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了很多人的梦想是成为宇航员，但实现的很少。随着科技等发展，除了成为宇航员外，在不久的将来，普通人能够到太空旅行甚至是工作。

【16题详解】结合上文“Manyofusspentourchildhoodsdreamingofbecomingastronauts.However,thehardrealityisthatonlyaselectfewwillmakeit.(我们许多人童年时都梦想着成为宇航员。然而，残酷的现实是，只有少数人能成功。)”可知每个人小时候都有梦想成为宇航员，但能实现梦想的人很少，结合下文“Notnecessarily(不必要)”可知是对前文问题的回答，A项内容“但这是否意味着你永远没有机会在太空工作。”能够承上启下，符合语境，故选A项。

【17题详解】结合下文“Aspacecraftisoflimitedsizeandrelativelyhightemperature,whichmakessmellsstrongerinsideofit.(航天器体积有限，温度较高，这使得航天器内部的气味更加浓烈。)”可知此处与气味有关，E项内容“在工作中运用你的鼻子可能听起来有点奇怪，但实际上这项工作是非常重要的。”，Usingyournose与smell对应，符合语境，故选E项。

【18题详解】结合上文中“Butnow,manyprivatecompaniesarestartingtoprovidespacetrips,andwealthyspaceenthusiastssuchasJustinBieberandSarahBrightmanhavealreadysignedupfortours.(但是现在，许多私人公司开始提供太空旅行，像贾斯汀·比伯和莎拉·布莱曼这样富有的太空爱好者已经签约参加旅行。)”可知，选项在说明许多私人公司开始提供太空旅行所带来的影响，F项内容“用不了多久，太空会成为人类首选的目的地之一”，承接上文，spacetrips对应traveldestinations。符合语境，故选F项。

【19题详解】结合上文“Beingaspacetourguiderequiresrichknowledgeofastronomy,astrophysics,geographyandhistorytohelppassengersgetthemostoutoftheirjourney.(作为一名太空导游，需要具备丰富的天文、天体物理、地理和历史知识，才能帮助乘客充分享受旅程。)”可知本段与太空导游需要具备的职业素质有关。G项内容“导游还需要能够讲好故事，能够帮助人们体验太空旅行的奇妙之处”承接上文，符合语境，Tourguides对应Beingaspacetourguide。故选G项。

20题详解】根据前一句“We'recrossingtheboundaries（界限）betweensciencefictionandreality.(我们正在跨越科幻小说和现实的界限。)”可知，空间旅行会给人们带来很多的职业发展机会。D项内容“我们过去在电影看到的东西正在成为真正的职业发展机会”，承接上文，crossingtheboundaries对应realcareeropportunities。符合语境，故选D项。

安徽省黄山市屯溪第一中学2020-2021学年高二英语上学期期中试题第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyou’refeelingempty,you’renotalone.Manyofusfeelemptyindifferentways.Forinstance,youmightfeelemptybecausesomethingismissinginyourlife.Ortheemptinessmightstemfromslowlyabandoningyourselves,notlisteningtoyourownhopesanddesires.Abandoningyourselvescanalsosparkanxiety,depression,guiltandshame,___16___Hereareseveralsuggestionstohelpyouout.Acknowledgetheemptiness.Ifyou'reexperiencingemptinessthat'smorelikeagapinghole,acknowledgeit,andbegentlewithyourself.___17___Ifthisemptinessisbecauseofalovedone'spassing,getangrywithyourself.Inthatcaseyoulearntolivelifealongsidethatholeofmissingthatperson.Exploreyourfeelingsofemptiness.Scientistssuggestedexploringthebelowquestions.Wecandothiswhilejournaling,takingawalkordrinkingacupoftea.●DoItellmyselfpositivethings?●WhatamItryingtoproveorwin?●___18___●AmIblamingmyselfforthingsthatareoutofmycontrol?___19___Fighttheurgetoturntotheoutsideworldforfulfillment.Insteadoftryingtofilltheemptinesswithdrugs,alcohol,TV,computergamesoranythingelse,lookwithin,andspendtimewithyourself.Itmayfeeluncomfortableatfirst,butthemoreyoupracticedevotingtimeandenergytoyourselfandcaringforyourself,thelesspresentthoseemptyfeelingswillbe.___20___Whetheryouareexperiencingdifficultrelationships,losses,orfeelingalackofpurposeormining,youareworthyofafulfillingandmeaningfullife.A.Exploreyourcurrentfeelings.B.Spendtimewithyourselfeveryday.C.Howdoyouhandleyouremptiness?D.Don’theatyourselfupforfeelingthisway.E.HaveIbeenjudgingmyselforcomparingmyselftoothers?F.DoyouspendtoomuchtimeonTV,computergamesoranythingelse?G.Itisimportanttoacknowledgeandacceptyourfeelingsofemptiness.【答案】16.C17.D18.E19.B20.G【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何处理空虚给出一些建议。【16题详解】下文“Hereareseveralsuggestionstohelpyouout.”这里有一些建议可以帮助你。可以推断上文应该提问怎么去处理空虚，而下文针对这一问题给出一些建议，C选项Howdoyouhandleyouremptiness?（你如何处理你的空虚?）符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】上文“Acknowledgetheemptiness.Ifyou'reexperiencingemptinessthat'smorelikeagapinghole,acknowledgeit,andbegentlewithyourself.”（承认空虚。如果你正在经历的空虚更像是一个大洞，承认它，对自己温柔一点。）与D选项“Don’theatyourselfupforfeelingthisway.”（不要因为这种感觉而使自己生气。）承接自然，呼应上文的对自己温柔点，故选D。【18题详解】根据上文“DoItellmyselfpositivethings?WhatamItryingtoproveorwin?”（我是否对自己说积极的事情?我想证明什么，想赢得什么?）根据这种反问的方式，可推断，下文中也应是这种反问的方式，E选项“HaveIbeenjudgingmyselforcomparingmyselftoothers?”（我是否一直在评价自己或拿自己和别人比较?）符合题意，故选E。【19题详解】此处是本段中心句。根据下文“Fighttheurgetoturntotheoutsideworldforfulfillment.Insteadoftryingtofilltheemptinesswithdrugs,alcohol,TV,computergamesoranythingelse,lookwithin,andspendtimewithyourself.”（克服向外部世界寻求满足的冲动。不要试图用毒品、酒精、电视、电脑游戏或其他东西来填补空虚，审视内心，花点时间和自己在一起。）可知，本段是再告诉我们要多花时间和自己在一起，B选项“Spendtimewithyourselfeveryday.”（每天花点时间陪自己。）符合文意，故选B。【20题详解】此处为本段中心句。根据下文“Whetheryouareexperiencingdifficultrelationships,losses,orfeelingalackofpurposeormining,youareworthyofafulfillingandmeaningfullife.”（无论你正经历着困难的人际关系，失去，还是感觉缺乏目标或挖掘，你都值得过一个充实而有意义的生活。）可知，本段讲述承认和接受空虚的重要性，G选项“Itisimportanttoacknowledgeandacceptyourfeelingsofemptiness.”（承认并接受你的空虚感很重要。）符合文意，故选G。安徽省池州市第一中学2020-2021学年高二英语上学期期中教学质量检测试题第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从下框的A—G选项中选出最佳答案。选项中有两项为多余选项。HealthySee,HealthyDoVisitthegrocerystoreonanemptystomach,andyouwillprobablycomehomewithafewthingsyoudidnotplantobuy.Buthungerisnottheonlycauseofadditionalpurchases.____16____Anditmaymakeorbreaksomehealthyeatinghabits.Thecheckoutareaisaparticularhotspotforjunkfood.Studieshavefoundthattheproductsmostcommonlyfoundtherearesugaryandsaltysnacks._____17_____A2012studyintheNetherlandsfoundthathospitalworkersweremorelikelytogiveupjunkfoodforhealthysnackswhenthelatterweremorereadilyavailableoncanteenshelves,forexample.In2014NorwegianandIcelandicresearchersalsofoundthatreplacingunhealthyfoodswithhealthyonesinthecheckoutareasignificantlyincreasedlast-minutesalesofhealthierfoods.___18___Ithasbeenworkingwithmorethan1,000storeownerstoencouragethemtoorderandpromotenutritiousfoods.“Weknowthatthestoresarefullofcuesmeanttoencourageconsumption,”saysTamarAdjoian,aresearchscientistatthedepartment,“Makinghealthyfoodsmoreconvenientorattractivecanleadtoincreasedsalesofthoseproducts.”Adjoianandhercolleagueswonderedifsuchfindingswouldapplytotheircity’scrowdedurbancheckoutareas,sotheyselectedthreeBronxsupermarketsfortheirownstudy.Theyreplacedcandiesandcookieswithfruitsandnutsnearthecheckoutcounter.___19___Ofthemorethan2,100shopperstheyobserved,just4percentboughtsomethingfromthecheckoutareas.Amongthosewhodid,however,customersinthehealthylinespurchasednutritiousfoodsmorethantwiceasoftenasthoseinthestandardlines._____20_____ThefindingswerereportedinSeptemberintheJournalofNutritionEducationandBehavior.Thepotentialinfluencemayseemsmall,butAdjoianbelievesthatcreatingmorecheckoutlineswouldopencustomers’eyestonutritious,lower-caloriefoods.HealthdepartmentofficialsarenowexploringwaystoexpandhealthyoptionsatcheckoutcountersthroughoutNewYorkCity.A.Theyboughtunhealthyfoods40percentlessoften.B.Thesefoodsgivepeoplemoreenergy.C.Thelocationofstoredisplaysalsoinfluencesourshoppingchoices.D.ThesefindingscaughttheattentionofNewYorkCityDepartmentofHealth.E.Thesupermarketsbegantooffernutritious,lower-caloriefoods.F.Andafewstudieshavesuggestedthatsimplyswappinginhealthieroptionscanchangecustomerbehavior.G.Thentheyrecordedpurchasesoversixthree-hourperiodsineachstorefortwoweeks.【答案】16.C17.F18.D19.G20.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章用几个实验向我们证明了商店里商品摆放位置，特别是结账处附近的商品摆放会影响我们购物的选择。所以健康部门和专家都呼吁将健康食品放在这些地方，提高大家对健康食品的关注度。【16题详解】根据上文“Visitthegrocerystoreonanemptystomach,andyouwillprobablycomehomewithafewthingsyoudidnotplantobuy.Buthungerisnottheonlycauseofadditionalpurchases.(空着肚子去杂货店，你可能会带一些你不打算买的东西回家。但饥饿并不是增加购买的唯一原因)”以及后文“Anditmaymakeorbreaksomehealthyeatinghabits.(它可能会形成或破坏一些健康的饮食习惯)”可知，本句应当承接上文说明去商店增加了购买的其他原因，且后文中it与C选项中Thelocation形成指代关系。故C选项“商店陈列的位置也会影响我们的购物选择”符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】根据上文“Thecheckoutareaisaparticularhotspotforjunkfood.Studieshavefoundthattheproductsmostcommonlyfoundtherearesugaryandsaltysnacks.(结帐区是垃圾食品特别受欢迎的地方。研究发现，最常见的产品是含糖和盐的零食)”以及后文“A2012studyintheNetherlandsfoundthathospitalworkersweremorelikelytogiveupjunkfoodforhealthysnackswhenthelatterweremorereadilyavailableoncanteenshelves,forexample.In2014NorwegianandIcelandicresearchersalsofoundthatreplacingunhealthyfoodswithhealthyonesinthecheckoutareasignificantlyincreasedlast-minutesalesofhealthierfoods.(2012年荷兰的一项研究发现，当食堂的货架上更容易买到健康零食时，医院工作人员更有可能放弃垃圾食品而选择健康零食。2014年，挪威和冰岛的研究人员还发现，在收银台用健康食品取代不健康食品，大大增加了结账时健康食品的销量)”可知，空格后的两个举例都是强调如果购物者经常看到的是健康食品，他们会选择健康食品。由此可推知，空格处应该是强调换摆放在结账处的食品的重要性。故F选项“一些研究表明，简单地将垃圾食品换成健康一点的食品能改变顾客的购物行为”符合语境，故选F。【18题详解】根据后文“‘Weknowthatthestoresarefullofcuesmeanttoencourageconsumption,’saysTamarAdjoian,aresearchscientistatthedepartment,‘Makinghealthyfoodsmoreconvenientorattractivecanleadtoincreasedsalesofthoseproducts.’(“我们知道，商店里充斥着鼓励消费的暗示，”该部门的研究科学家TamarAdjoian说，“让健康食品更方便或更吸引人，可以提高这些产品的销量。”)”可知，本句应当是在说明有关部门对上一段中提到的发现的反应，后文中atthedepartment指代D选项中NewYorkCityDepartmentofHealth。故D选项“这些发现引起了纽约市卫生部的注意”符合语境，故选D。【19题详解】根据上文“Adjoianandhercolleagueswonderedifsuchfindingswouldapplytotheircity’scrowdedurbancheckoutareas,sotheyselectedthreeBronxsupermarketsfortheirownstudy.Theyreplacedcandiesandcookieswithfruitsandnutsnearthecheckoutcounter.(Adjoian和她的同事想知道这样的发现是否适用于他们城市拥挤的结账区，所以他们选择了布朗克斯区的三家超市进行自己的研究。他们在收银台附近用水果和坚果代替了糖果和饼干)”可知，本句承接上文继续说明研究过程，G选项中they指代上文Adjoianandhercolleagues。故G选项“然后他们在两周内记录在每家商店六次三小时的购物记录”符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据上文“Ofthemorethan2,100shopperstheyobserved,just4percentboughtsomethingfromthecheckoutareas.Amongthosewhodid,however,customersinthehealthylinespurchasednutritiousfoodsmorethantwiceasoftenasthoseinthestandardlines.(在他们观察的2100多名购物者中，只有4%的人在收银台买过东西。然而，在那些选择健康食品的人当中，选择健康食品的人购买营养食品的频率是选择标准食品的人的两倍多)”以及后文“ThefindingswerereportedinSeptemberintheJournalofNutritionEducationandBehavior.(研究结果发表在9月份的《营养教育与行为杂志》上)”可知，这一段讲述Adjoian和她同事们做的试验的结果。由空格后的findings可知，前边至少有两项发现。上文已经提到了一个发现，本句应当是在说明另一个发现。故A选项“他们购买不健康食品的频率减少了40%”符合语境，故选A。安徽省宿州二中2020-2021学年高二英语上学期期中试题第二节（共5小题）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Emergencyknocksonthemostunexpectedtime,soitisimportanttoknowhowtogivefirstaid,particularlyinlife-threateningsituations.What'sfirstaid?____16____.Thougheachemergencyconditionisdifferent,followingcorrectfirst-aidstepscanmakeabigdifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.Firstofall,callsomebodyforhelporcallthe911emergencynumber.Beforehelparrives,therulesbelowcanbeappliedtosomeemergencies.Checkthevictim'sbreathandpulse.Ifnosignsofbreathingareclearandthepulseisweak,prepareforCPR（心肺复苏）.Nevercarrymorethanyoucando.Donotdothingsbeyondyourability.____17____Dowhatyoucanundertheconditionsatthetime.Ifthevictimishurtbadly,checkifthewoundisdeepandifheorsheisbleeding.Findanythingavailabletostopbleeding.Losingonethirdofblood,apersonmaybeingreatdanger.Remember:nevertrytomovethevictimaway.____18____Especiallythereisaspinalinjury.leavingthepersonwhereheis,providedheisbreathing.Keepcalmandconsole（安慰）thevictim.____19____Itisimportanttostabilize（使稳定）theconditionofthevictim.Explaintoherorhimwhatishappeningandthathelphasbeencalledalready.Donotletotherpeoplecrowdaroundthevictim.Bystanderswillbecurioustohavealookandoffertheiradvice.____20____Thevictimmaybelievethattheconditionisworsethanitreallyis.A.Takenecessaryemergencysteps.B.Youshouldhelpaninjuredpersoninanycondition.C.Youcouldmakeaninjuryworseifyoumovethevictim.D.Norshouldyoudothingsifyouareunfamiliarwiththem.E.Actingcalmlywillmakethevictimrelievedandfeelsafe.F.Besides,theymaysaysomethingaboutthevictim'scondition.G.Firstaidisdefinedastheemergencycaregiventoasickorinjuredperson.【答案】16.G17.D18.C19.E20.F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了如何进行急救和急救时的注意事项。【详解】1.结合上文“What'sfirstaid?”什么是急救？可以推断空白处是对这个问题进行回答。选项G.“Firstaidisdefinedastheemergencycaregiventoasickorinjuredperson.”急救被定义为对病人或受伤人员的紧急救护。符合文意。故选G。2.结合上文“Donotdothingsbeyondyourability.”不要做超出你能力范围的事。下文“Dowhatyoucanundertheconditionsatthetime.”在当时的情况下，尽你所能做你能做的。由此可推知，空格处的句子应该是对上一句子的承接，而对下一句子的转折，起承上启下的作用。选项D.“Norshouldyoudothingsifyouareunfamiliarwiththem.”如果你不熟悉它们，也不应该做它们。符Donotdothings对应Norshouldyoudothings。故选D。3.结合上文“nevertrytomovethevictimaway”永远不要试图把受害者移开，指出了错误的做法。可以推知，空白处应是对这一错误做法解释为什么不能这样做。选项C.“Youcouldmakeaninjuryworseifyoumovethevictim.”如果你移动受害者，可能会让伤势更严重。符合文意，故选C。4.结合上文“Keepcalmandconsole（安慰）thevictim.”保持冷静，安慰受害者。下文“Itisimportanttostabilize（使稳定）theconditionofthevictim.”稳定受害者的情况很重要。由此可推断，空格处的句子应该是一个承上启下的句子，承接上文，又呼应下文。选项E.“Actingcalmlywillmakethevictimrelievedandfeelsafe.”冷静行事会让受害者感到放松和安全。Keepcalmandconsole（安慰）thevictim.对应Actingcalmly。故选E。5.结合上文“Bystanderswillbecurioustohavealookandoffertheiradvice.”旁观者会很好奇，想看看并提供建议。这是旁观者的做法。下文“Thevictimm