2021-2022学年黑龙江省绥化市高二（下）期末英语试卷（附答案详解）

202L2022学年黑龙江省绥化市肇东四中高二(下)期末

英语试卷AMuseumdirectorSarahGreenisawriter,recommending4booksthatinfluencedherlife.HoldStillbySallyMann(2015)Mann'sstory,accompaniedbyherexcellentphotography,hasgivenmeamodelforhowtobeanartist,wife,mother,daughter,friend,andthoughtfulmemberofhumanity,allatthesametime.SwimmingStudiesbyLeanneShapton(2012)Youmightnotthinkyouwanttoreadastoryaboutanartist-illustrator'spastlifeasacompetitiveswimmerandhercontinuingloveforswimming,swimmingpoolsandswimsuits.Butyoudo,youreallydo.Shapton'sacutesensememoryandsharpessay,coupledwithherownexperienceandphotos,areapleasurefromstarttofinish.LearningByHeartbyCoritaKentandJanSteward(1992)SisterCoritaKentwasabelovedandrevolutionaryartteacherin1960sinLosAngelesandagiftedprintmaker.Shewasalsoafirmbelieverinlearningbydoing,andthisisanessentialguidetoherteachingphilosophy.KindredbyOctaviaButler(1979)I'veneverbeenafanofsciencefiction,butthisnovelrockedmyworld.Youwillbecompletelyinvolvedinthethunder-struckrealityofayoungwriterwhofindsherselftravelingbetweenLosAngelesin1976andlifeamongherancestorsonanprewarMarylandfarm.Whowasprobablyanexcellentsportsplayerinthepast?A.SallyMann. B.OctaviaButler.C.CoritaKentandJanSteward. D.LeanneShapton.Whichbooktalksaboutteachingskills?A.HoldStill. B.LearningByHeart.C.SwimmingStudies. D.Kindred.WhatkindofbookisKindred?A.Alovestory. B.Ahorrorstory.C.Afantasystory. D.Afairytale.BInthefarfuture,robotsliveonEarthashumansbutthepopulationofhumansissmallerthanathousand.ThisisastoryofarepairrobotR-62.Oneday,acarcametotherepairfactoryandahumansteppedoutofthecar."Wow,ahuman!Ihaveneverseenarealone,"saidR-62."Humansarequiteclever.TheyYeabletodoanyactiontheywantto.TheyYeevenabletoharmotherhumanbeingsororganizewars,whichtheyhavebeendoingalotinthehistory.Alsotheydon*tevenhavetofollowordersiftheydon'twantto,"saidanotherrobotT-59quietlytoR-62."Howterribleitis!Andalmostallrobotsseemafraidofhimanddon*tlookathimdirectly,0saidR-62.Thehumanthensatdownandaskediftherehadbeenanyproblemsinthelast10yearsandheonlygotaquickanswer,"No,sir."Thensuddenly,R-62saidloudly,*'Ihaveonequestionforyou.”Thehumansaid,"Yes",abitunhappyfornotgetting"sir"."Whydohumancreatesomanyrobots?”askedR-62.Silencefollowedthequestionandhethensaid,"Idon*tneedtoanswerquestionsfromrobots!0Hethenwentintohiscaranddroveawayquickly."Ireallydon'tunderstandwhyhumansreplaced（取代）themselveswithrobots,'1askedR-62."Becausetheythoughtthatrobotsweremoreadvanced（先进的）thanhumans.Theycreatedustosupportthemselves,"answeredT-59."ButtherearesofewhumansonEarth.Whattheyshoulddoistakeawaytherobotsoratleastmakethemstopdoingtheworkwhichhumansaresupposedtodo,“saidR-62."Iagree.Butwecandonothingaboutit.Andnowwehavetofinishrepairingthiscar,"saidT-59."Allrightjet'scontinue.**InT-59'sopinion,humansare.A.stupid B.polite C.dangerousD.smartAccordingtothetext,R-62.darednotlookatthehumandirectlydecidedtogiveupitsjobwasnotfriendlytothehumanhopetoliveonEarthWhatcanwelearnfromthestory?R-62doesn*tknowwhathumanbeingslooklike.T-59knowsalotabouthumanbeings.T-59doesn'twanttosupporthumanbeings.R-62andT-59arebrothersanddodifferentjobs.What'sR-62*sattitudetowardshumans*creatingrobots?A.Doubtful.B.Excited. C.Frightened.D.Supportive.cIfyou'reconcernedaboutclimatechange,shouldyoufeelguiltyabouthangingoutonline?Maybenot.Data,orinformation,isoftenprocessedandstoredonacomputer.Acomputerthatprovidesdatatoothercomputersiscalledaserver.Serversalsostoredatasuchasvideos,picturesandemails.Abuildingthatholdsmanyserversisknownasadatacenter.Withoutdatacentersandservers,wecouldnotaccesswebsitesonourowncomputersandphoneseveryday.Somepeopleworrythatdatacentersusealotofenergy,whichcouldbebadfortheenvironment.Butrecentstudiesfoundthatdatacentersdonotuseasmuchenergyastheythought.EricMasanet,aprofessoratNorthwesternUniversity,isthestudy'smainauthor.Masanetandhisteamlookedattheenergyusedbydatacentersaroundtheworld,andfoundthatdatacentershaveimproved.Theysawa20percentenergyimprovementeachyear.Theseimprovementsareduetobetterservers.Theyuselessenergythanserversoncedid.Othertechnologieshavealsoimproved.Masanetsaidtomakesurecomputersuseenergyeffectively,somethingsneedtohappen.Businessesandgovernmentsshouldgetinvolved.Countriesneedtobeopenabouthowmuchelectricitytheirdatacentersuse.Largedatacompaniesalsoneedtotheirelectricityfromrenewableenergy,suchassunlightandwind.Forexample,GoogleandApplebothpurchasedorgeneratedenoughrenewableelectricitytomatch100percentoftheirdatacenterenergyusein2018."Peopleshouldcareabouttheenergydatacentersneed/saidMasanet.nButwedon'thavetofeelbadaboutstayingconnected/'Whydopeopleneeddatacenters?Tohelppeoplereducetimeoncomputers.Tostoreinformationandletthemusewebsites.Toprovideenergyneededtorunpeople'sphones.TosavedataontheInternetinsteadofonservers.Whatcauseddatacenterstohavea20percentimprovementinenergyuse?Lessfuelisbeingburnedintheatmosphere.Fewerpeopleareonlineatthesametime.Serversandtechnologieshaveimproved.Moreinformationisstoredinphones.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“source“inparagraph6mean?A.Measure.B.Store. C.Choose. D.Obtain.AccordingtoEricMasanet,howtomakesurecomputersuseenergyeffectively?Businessesandgovernmentsshouldbeinvolved.Theboundariesofcountriesshouldbeopened.Peopleneedtospendlesstimeonline.Peopleneedtorelyonbigdatacompanies.DMr.LonLeeAlleisfromSingapore.HewasrecentlyvisitinganIndonesianislandsohecouldseethefamousKomododragons.Mr.Londidnotwanttopayforatourguide,buthereallywantedtotakesomeclose-upphotosofthedragonswhentheywereeating.Likemostwildanimals,Komododragonsdonotliketobedisturbedwhenfoodisaround.TheyturnedonMr.Lonandoneofthemtookalargebiteoutofhisleg.Hewasrushedtohospitalbyspeedboat.Luckily,hesurvived.Komododragonsarethelargestandheaviestlizards（蜥蜴）intheworld.TheycanonlybefoundonafewIndonesianislandsincludingKomodoIsland.Theyhavelivedonearthforaverylongtimeandremainkillingandeatingmachines.Theyhaveaverystrongsenseofsmellwhichtheyusetohelpfindtheirnextmeal.Theywilleatalmostanythingtheyfind.EventhoughKomododragonscanrunupto20kilometersperhour,theyprefertowaitfortheirkill.Whentheattackdoescome,thedragonattackstheanimal'sfeetfirst,knockingitover.Then,itssharpandfearsometeethpulltheanimaltopieces.Theseteethcontainsmallpiecesofmeatfrommealsithasalreadyeatenandarefilledwithbacteria-sometimesupto60differenttypes.Onebitewillcauseaninfectioninthewoundedanimalthatwillleadtoaverypainfuldeathafewdayslater.TheKomododragonwillfollowtheanimal,waitingforittofalldown.IthasrecentlybeendiscoveredthatKomododragonsalsohavevenom（毒液）intheirmouth.Thevenomcausesanimalstobleedtodeath-iftheinfectiondoesnotgetitfirst.Today,thereareabout4,0（X）Komododragonsinthewild.Fivepeoplehavebeenkilledand30injuredbydragonbitesinthepast40years.WhathappenedtoMr.LonLeeAlle?Hewasfooledbythetourguide.HewasseriouslyinjuredbyaKomododragon.HepaidalottotakeKomododragons1photos.HegotlostonanIndonesianisland.WhatpurposedoesParagraph1serveinthetext?A.Tostartadiscussion.Tobringupthetopic.Toprovideanexplanation.Toofferbasicknowledgeofthetopic.WhatdoweknowaboutKomododragons?A.They'renativetoIndonesia. B.They'reimpatienthunters.C.They'repickyaboutfood. D.They'rereallysmelly.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?HowKomododragonssurviveafterbeingattacked.HowKomododragons*venomkillsananimal.HowKomododragonshuntfbrfood.HowKomododragonsinfectotheranimals.DoYouHaveaPositiveAttitude?Whowouldyouratherhangaroundwith?Someonewhoalwaysactsinlowspirits?Orsomeonewhomanagestoseethegoodaroundhim,evenwhenthingsaren*talwaysgoinggreat?⑴Havingapositiveattitudecanhelpyouinmanyways.(2)Yourfriendswilldefinitelyappreciateyoumoreifyouseethesilverliningratherthanjustthedarkclouds!(3)Thelesspressureyoufeel,thebetteryouwillfeeloverall.Soifyou*vebeenfeelingtired,putonahappyfaceandyoujustmightfeelbettersoon.Buthowcanyouhaveapositiveattitudewhenlifeishard?Il'smorethanjustturninglife'slemonsintolemonade.(4)Butit*sworthit.Apositiveattitudedoesn'tmeanignoringlife'stroubles.ltjustmeanslookingforthegoodinthings,ratherthanbeingapessimistandconcentratingonthebadinthings.Sometimesyourattitudecanmakeallthedifference.Identify(识别)thoseareasofyourlifethatmightnotbegoingsowell.(5)Focusononeatatimeandthinkofwaysyoucanfindthepositiveinthings.A.Theansweristohaveapositiveattitude.B.Havingapositiveattitudecantakesomehardwork.C.Theyarelikelytomakeyouhavenegativethoughts.D.Havingapositiveattitudecanalsoreduceyourstresslevel.E.Ifyouhaveapositiveattitude,youYemorefuntobearound.F.Whenyoufeelbetterphysically,younaturallyfeelbettermentally.G.Ifsnosurprisethatpeopleenjoybeingaroundpositivepeopleratherthannegativepeople.16.A.AEF.FB.BG.Gc.cD.DE.17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.FG.G18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.FG.G19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.FG.G20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.FG.GIalwaysdreamedofbecomingafull-timewriter.Aftertwoyearsasasalesman,1(21)myjobandmadeupmymindtorealizemy(22).NoonecouldtellmewhetherIwouldsucceedornot.Irentedabasementand(23)towrite.Ihadsomanythingstowritebecausetheenthusiasm(热情)was(24)inmyheart.Afterayearorso,(25),Ibegantodoubtmyself.Ifoundit(26)toearnmylivingbywriting.Noneofmynovelswere(27)thatyear.ButI(28)tofollowmydream—eventhoughitmeantlivingwithuncertaintyandfearof(29).1believedanyonewithadreammustlearntostruggleforthe(30).Duringthehardestperiodofmylife,afriendcametoseemeandtriedto(31)me,“Cometoourcompany,(32)wewillpayyou2,000dollarsamonth."2,000dollarswasreallyabigfortuneatthattime.Itwouldenablemetolivea(33)life.Asthemoneywasdancinginmy(34),somethingclearedmysenses.Hadn'tIdreamedofbeingawriter,afull-timewriter?"Thanks,butno,“Isaid(35),"I'mgoingtosticktowriting.*'AgainandagainJsaidtomyself,HIwillbe(36).Peoplewilllovemynovels.',(37)myfirstnovelwaspublishedin1991.1hadthekindofsuccessthatfewwritersever(38).Twentyyearshavepassed,buttheeffectithadonmylifehas(39).Now1often(40)thetimeworkinginthatcoldbasement.Iwillsay,"Anyonewithadreamandpersistencewillbesuccessful.'*21.A.tookupB.gaveupC.appliedforD.preparedfor22.A.mistakeB.gloryC.dreamD.weakness23.A.turneddownB.settleddownC.bentdownD.lookeddown24.A.decreasingB.failingC.explodingD.burning25.A.howeverB.thoughC.thereforeD.anyhow26.A.difficultB.changeableC.enjoyableD.normal27.A.producedB.attackedC.ignoredD.accepted28.A.pretendedB.determinedC.waitedD.agreed29.A.anxietyB.dangerC.failureD.pain30.A.intelligenceB.realityC.moneyD.goal31.A.persuadeB.calmC.warnD.require32.A.orB.butC.andD.so33.A.healthierB.poorerC.betterD.simpler34.A.handB.headC.pocketD.wallet35.A.doubtfullyB.eagerlyC.firmlyD.willingly36.A.successfulB.faithfulC.sincereD.generous37.A.GraduallyB.SuddenlyC.ActuallyD.Finally38.A.experiencedB.admittedC.designedD.proved39.A.endedB.weakenedC.changedD.lasted40.A.hearofB.thinkofC.dreamofD.complainof41."Onedreamisnotalwaysenough,especiallyforaperson(1)lovesandcaresfbrhispeople.MsaidYuanLongpinginaninterview.Yuan⑵(consider)astheFatherofHybridRice.Hehasbeendevotedtogettingridofhunger(3)hegraduatedfromcollege.Afterovercomingallkindsof(4)(difficulty),hefinallysucceeded.Hehasmadean⑸(extreme)admiringcontributiontotheagricultureofChinaandtheworld.Thoughheismuch(6)(rich)thanbefore,hestilllivesaverysimplelife.Heenjoyslisteningtomusic,(7)(play)mah-jong,swimmingandreading.Hedoesn*tlikespendingmoneyonhimself,butheattachesmuchimportance(8)theeducationofyoungpeople.OnceYuanLongpingsaidtothem,"Youshouldequip(9)(you)forthefuturewithknowledgeandconfidence.Learn(10)(respect)otherpeopleandthuswecanexpectthesamefromothers."42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改.增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(八)，并在其下面写出该加的词.删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉.修改：在错的词下画划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词.注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词.2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分.Thenumberandspeciesoffishhaddroppedsharplyinthepastfewdecades.Itishumanbehaviorwhichistoblame.Industrialandagriculturalwasteispouringintotheocean,whichseriouslypollutesthewater.Tomakethingsbad,overfishingdestroysthebalanceoflifeintheocean.Itisahightimethatmeasuresshouldbetakentodealwiththissituation.Thegovernmentshouldmakelawtokeeppeopleoverfishing.Atthesametime,anyonewhocauseswaterpollutionshouldbestrictpunished.AHofusshouldtryourbesttoprotectingthefishintheocean.Afterall,thatiseveryone'sdutytoprotecttheenvironmentaroundus.43.假定你是李华，作为重庆市的一名中学生，给学校的英语报刊投稿，倡导全校师生绿色出行。内容需包括：.私家车的增加带来了城市空气污染和交通堵塞。.政府发展了便利的公共交通系统，并鼓励新能源汽车的使用。.倡导绿色出行。注意：1.词数100左右，信的开头和结束语已为你写好(不计入总词数)。2.可根据内容要点适当增加细节，使行文连贯。Dearteachersandfellowstudents,Recentlythetopicofgreentravelhasbeenwidelydebatedwhichhasarousedpublicattention.Yourssincerely,LiHua答案和解析1〜3.【答案】D、B、C【解析】(1)D.推理判断题.根据文章SwimmingStudiesbyLeanneShapton(2012)介绍内容，Youmightnotthinkyouwanttoreadastoryaboutanartist-illustrator'spastlifeasacompetitiveswimmerandhercontinuingloveforswimming,swimmingpoolsandswimsuits.你可能认为你不想读一篇关于一位艺术家插画家过去作为一名竞技游泳运动员的生活以及她对游泳、游泳池和泳衣的持续热爱的故事.可知，LeanneShapton过去是一个很厉害的游泳运动员，并且一直热爱着游泳、游泳池和泳装，所以LeanneShapton过去是个优秀的运动员，结合选项，故选D.(2)B.细节理解题.根据文章LearningByHeartbyCoritaKentandJanSteward(1992)介绍内容，Shewasalsoafirmbelieverinlearningbydoing,andthisisanessentialguidetoherteachingphilosophy.她也坚信在做中学，这是她教学理念的重要指南.可知，书中讲她也坚信在实践中学习，这是她教学理念的重要指导.所以这本书是讲教学技巧的，结合选项，故选B.(3)C.细节理解题.根据文章KindredbyOctaviaButler介绍内容，I'veneverbeenafanofsciencefiction,butthisnovelrockedmyworld.我"从未喜欢过科幻小说，但这本小说颠覆了我的世界.所以Kindred这本书是科幻小说，故选C.这是一篇广告布告类阅读.介绍了作家SarahGreen推荐的四本书，并对4本书的内容进行了说明.做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案.切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据.4〜7.【答案】D、C、B、A【解析】(1)D.细节理解题。根据第四段Humansarequiteclever.(人类很聪明。)可知，人类是聪明的，A.stupid愚蠢的；B.poHte礼貌的；C.dangerous危险的；D.smart聪明的。故选D。C.细节理解题。根据文中第五段"Howterrible!Andalmostallrobotsseemafraidofhimanddon'tlookathimdirectly,"saidR62.(R62说："太可怕了！几乎所有的机器人都害怕他，都不直视他。可知R62对人类并不是很友善，故选C。B.细节理解题。根据文中Humansarequiteclever.They'reabletodoanyactiontheywantto.TheyYeevenabletoharmotherhumanbeingsororganizewars,whichtheyhavebeendoingalotinthehistory.Alsotheydon*tevenhavetofollowordersiftheydon*twantto.nsaidanotherrobotT59quietlytoR62.(人类非常聪明。他们可以做任何他们想做的事情。他们甚至可以伤害其他人或组织战争，他们在历史上已经做了很多。而且，如果他们不想，他们甚至不必服从命令。"另一个机器人T59平静地对R62说。)可知，人类是非常聪明的。"他们可以做他们想做的任何行动，他们甚至能伤害其他人或组织战争，他们在历史上做了很多事。另外，他们甚至不需要服从命令，如果他们不想。"另一个机器人T59悄悄地对R62说，可以看出T59关于人类知道的很多，故选B。A.情感态度题。根据文中倒数第五段"Ireallydon'tunderstandwhyhumansreplacedthemselveswithrobots."saidR62.(R62说："我真的不明白为什么人类用机器人代替了自己。可看出R62对人类制造机器人这件事是持怀疑态度的，A.Doubtful怀疑的：B.Excited兴奋的；C.Frightened害怕的；D.Supportive支持的。故选A。本文是一篇故事类阅读，想象了未来机器人将代替人类生活在地球上，人类的人口数量将不足一千。本文通过人和机器人的对话引出了人类为什么要让机器人做人类应做的事的疑惑。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局做出合理的推断：或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。8~11.【答案】B、C、D、A【解析】(1)B.细节理解题.根据第二段中Serversalsostoredatasuchasvideos,picturesandemails.Abuildingthatholdsmanyserversisknownasadatacenter.Withoutdatacentersandservers,wecouldnotaccesswebsitesonourowncomputersandphoneseveryday.可知月艮务器还存储视频、图片和电子邮件等数据.拥有许多服务器的建筑被称为数据中心.没有数据中心和服务器，我们无法每天通过自己的电脑和手机访问网站.由此可知，人们需要数据中心的原因是，人们需要数据中心来储存信息，让他们使用网站.故选B.C.细节理解题.根据第四段中Masanetandhisteamlookedattheenergyusedbydatacentersaroundtheworld,andfoundthatdatacentershaveimproved.Theysawa20percentenergyimprovementeachyear.可知Masanet和他的团队研究了世界各地数据中心的能源使用情况，发现数据中心的能源使用情况有所改善.他们看到每年20%的能源改善.以及第五段Theseimprovementsareduetobetterservers.Theyuselessenergythanserversoncedid.Othertechnologieshavealsoimproved.nJ知这些改进归功于更好的服务器.它们比以前的服务器使用更少的能源.其他技术也得到了改进.由此可知，是服务器和技术得到了改进，使数据中心的能源使用提高了20%.故选C.D.词义猜测题.根据后文theirelectricityfromrenewableenergy,suchassunlightandwind可知大型数据公司还需要从太阳能和风能等可再生能源中获得电力.由此可知，划线单词意思为"获得A.Measure.测量；B.Store.储存；C.Choose.选择；D.Obtain.获得.故选D.A.细节理解题.根据倒数第二段中Masanetsaidtomakesurecomputersuseenergyeffectively,somethingsneedtohappen.Businessesandgovernmentsshouldgetinvolved.可知Masanet说，要确保电脑有效利用能源，需要做一些事情.企业和政府应该参与进来.由此可知，EricMasanet认为，要确保电脑有效地利用能源，企业和政府应该参与.故选A.这是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了人们需要数据中心来储存信息，让他们使用网站，但有些人担心数据中心消耗大量能源，这可能对环境有害.但最近的研究发现，数据中心使用的能源并不像他们想象的那么多.这是因为更好的服务器和技术的改进.研究人员还认为企业和政府应该参与进来，大型数据公司需要使用可再生能源来获得电力.做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案.做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据.12~15.【答案】B、B、A、C【解析】(1)B.细节理解题。根据文章第一段,Komododragonsdonotliketobedisturbedwhenfoodisaround.TheyturnedonMrLonandoneofthemtookalargebiteoutofhisleg.像大多数野生动物一样，科摩多巨蜥不喜欢在吃食物时被打扰。他们把矛头转向了朗先生，其中一只把MrLon的腿咬了一大口。可知，朗•李•艾尔先生被一只科摩多巨蜥咬伤了腿，结合选项，故选B.(2)B.推理判断题。根据文章第一段,Komododragonsdonotliketobedisturbedwhenfoodisaround.TheyturnedonMrLonandoneofthemtookalargebiteoutofhisleg.像大多数野生动物一样，科摩多巨蜥不喜欢在吃食物时被打扰。他们把矛头转向了朗先生，其中一只把MrLon的腿咬了一大口。可知，本段是通过讲述朗•李•艾尔先生的故事引出对下文科摩多巨蜥的描述，故选B.A.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，Mr.LonLeeAlleisfromSingapore.HewasrecentlyvisitinganIndonesianislandsohecouldseethefamousKomododragons.Mr.LonLeeAlle来自新加坡。他最近访问了印度尼西亚的一个岛屿，以便能看到著名的科摩多巨蜥。可知，科摩多巨蜥原产于印度尼西亚，结合选项，故选A.C.段落大意题。根据文章第三段，Whentheattackdoescome,thedragonattackstheanimal'sfeetfirst,knockingitover.Then,itssharpandfearsometeethpulltheanimaltopieces.当攻击来临时，科摩多巨蜥首先攻击动物的脚，把它打翻。然后，它锋利而可怕的牙齿将动物撕成碎片。可知，本段主要介绍了科摩多巨蜥进食的过程，结合选项，故选C.本文属于故事类阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了印度尼西亚的科摩多巨蜥的特点以及进食过程等.做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。16〜20.【答案】G、E、D、B、C【解析】（1）G.问题导入题。根据上文的三个问题，"Whowouldyouratherhangaroundwith?Someonewhoalwaysactsinlowspirits?Orsomeonewhomanagestoseethegoodaroundhim,evenwhenthingsaren'talwaysgoinggreat?（你更愿意和谁在一起？总是情绪低落的人？还是即使事情并不总是一帆风顺能看到身边美好事物的人？）"可知，所设空处应作出回答，并引起下文。选项G"It，snosurprisethatpeopleenjoybeingaroundpositivepeopleratherthannegativepeople.（人们喜欢和积极的人而不是消极的人在一起，这并不奇怪）"回答了上文提出的三个问题，符合语境。故选G。E.推理判断题。根据下文"Yourfriendswilldefinitelyappreciateyoumoreifyouseethesilverliningratherthanjustthedarkclouds!（如果你能看到一线希望而不是乌云，你的朋友肯定会更欣赏你）"可知，如果你有积极的态度，身边的朋友就会更喜欢你并且围绕在你身边，选项E"lfyouhaveapositiveattitude,you'remorefuntobearound（如果你有积极的态度，和你在一起更有趣）"符合语境，故选E。（3）D.段落大意题。根据后两句"Thelesspressureyoufeel,thebetteryouwillfeeloverall.Soifyou'vebeenfeelingtired,putonahappyfaceandyoujustmightfeelbettersoon（压力越小，你的整体感觉就越好。所以，如果你觉得累了，摆出一张开心的脸，你可能很快就会感觉好起来）"可知，积极的态度能够降低你的压力水平，选项D"Havingapositiveattitudecanalsoreduceyourstresslevel（拥有积极的态度也可以降低你的压力水平）"符合语境，故选D。B.细节理解题。根据上一句"It'smorethanjustturninglife'slemonsintolemonade.（这不仅仅是把生活中的柠檬变成柠檬汁））"可知，拥有积极的态度并不是像榨柠檬汁那么十分容易的事情，它需要付出积极努力，选项B"Havingapositiveattitudecantakesomehardwork（拥有积极的态度需要付出努力）"符合语境，故选B。C.细节理解题。根据上一句"Identifythoseareasofyourlifethatmightnotbegoingsowell.（找出你生活中那些可能不太顺利的方面）"可知，生活中会有可能不太顺利的方面，选项C"Theyarelikelytomakeyouhavenegativethoughts（他们可能会让你产生消极的想法）"中的"they"指代上文"thoseareasofyourlifethatmightnotbegoingsowell".再根据下文可知，生活中不太顺利的方面也许会让人产生消极的想法，并且逐一攻克，从中找出积极的方面。选项C在此承上启下，符合题意。故选C。本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了积极心态的重要性和拥有积极心态的方法。选句填空类阅读理解题材广泛，故学生要拓展知识面，关心时事，学习之余，增加阅读面。做此类题型，要通读全文，了解常见写作顺序，重点理解空白处前后的句子，关注段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系，如：并列、转折、因果关系及其它关系。把握意思的连贯性、逻辑性，锁定线索词，认真阅读选项，排除迷惑项，确定选项后，再快速泛读全文，确保文章上下衔接流畅，选项有据可依。21〜40.【答案】B、C、B、D、A、A、D、B、C、D、A、C、C、B、C、A、D、A、D、B【解析】(1)B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.tookup拿起，从事；B.gaveup放弃；C.appliedfor申请；D.preparedfor准备。根据本段中的"Ialwaysdreamedofbecomingafull-timewriter.”可知，作者是从小就梦想着成为一名专职作家，因此要辞去自己的工作去实现自己的梦想。句意：从小我就梦想着成为一名专职作家。毕业两年后我辞去工作，下定决心实现自己的梦想.故答案为B.(2)C.考查名词及语境理解。A.mistake错误；B.glory荣誉;C.dream”梦想”;D.weakness弱点。从小我就梦想着成为一名专职作家。毕业两年后我辞去工作，下定决心实现自己的梦想。realizeone'sdream实现某人的梦想。故答案为C.B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.turneddown拒绝；B.settleddown安顿，静下心，专心于；C.bentdown弯腰；D.lookeddown向下看。我租了一间储物间，放了一张旧书桌就静下心来写作了。故答案为B.D.考查动词及语境理解。A.decreasing减少；B.failing失败；C.exploding探索;D.buming燃烧。根据前文Ihadsomanythingstowritebecausetheenthusiasm(热情)was(4)inmyheart可知，我有很多的东西要写，也必须要写，因为我的心中充满了热忱，故答案为D.(5)A.考查副词及语境理解。A.however然而；B.though虽然;C.therefore因此；D.anyhow不管怎么样。根据下文Ibegantodoubtmyself 可知，然而大约一年后，我开始怀疑自己，故答案为A.(6)A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.difficult困难的；B.changeable可改变的；C.enjoyable高兴的;D.normal正常的。根据Ifoundit (6)toearnmylivingbywriting 可知，我发现靠卖我写的东西很难维持生计，故答案为A.D.考查动词及语境理解。A.produced生产；B.attack"袭击";C.ignored忽视；D.accepted接受。根据Noneofmynovelswere (7)thatyear可知那一年我的小说全部被拒绝，故答案为D.B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.prelend假装；B.determine决心；C.wait等待；D.agree同意。根据下文Ibelievedanyonewithadreammustlearntostruggle 可知，我的小说多次被退稿，但是我决定要考验一下我的梦想，故答案为B.C.考查名词及语境理解。A.anxiety焦急；B.danger危险;C.failure失败；D.pain痛苦。根据eventhoughitmeantlivingwithuncertaintyandfearof (9)可知，即使坚持梦想意味着居无定所，恐惧失败，故答案为C.D.考查名词及语境理解。A.intelligence"智力”；B.reality现实；C.money钱；D.goal目标。根据前文Ibelievedanyonewithadreammustlearntostruggleforthe (10)可知，我坚信任何一个拥有梦想的人都会为自己的目标而奋斗的，故答案为D.(IDA.考查动词及语境理解。A.persuade劝服；B.calm声明；C.warn警告；D.require需要。根据Duringthehardestperiodofmylife,afriendcametoseemeandtriedto (11)me可知，我的一位朋友企图说服我，故答案为A.C.考查连词及语境理解。A.or或者；B.but但是；C.and和；D.so因此。根据下文wewillpayyou2 .000dollarsamonth可知，前后是递进关系，用and来连接。故答案为C.C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.healthier更健康的；B.poorer较差的；C.better较好的；D.simpler更简单的。根据本句Itwouldenablemetolivea (13)life可知，2000元可以保证我生活的更好，故答案为C.B.考查名词及语境理解。A.hand手；B.head头；C.pocket口袋；D.wallet钱包。根据前文Asthemoneywasdancinginmy (14)可知，2000元钱不断地在我的脑海里跳动着。故答案为B.C.考查副词及语境理解。A.doubtfully怀疑地；B.eagerly急切地；C.firmly确定地；D.willingly自愿地。根据下文"I'mgoingtosticktowriting." 可知,我坚决地谢绝了他，故答案为C.A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.successful成功的；B.faithful忠诚的：C.sincere真诚的D.generous大方的。根据下文Peoplewilllovemynovels可知，我一次次地对自己说"我会成功的，人们会喜欢我的小说的，故答案为A.D.考查副词及语境理解。A.Gradually渐渐地;B.Suddenly突然地；C.Actually实际上地；D.Finally最后地。D。根据下文myfirstnovelwaspublishedin1991可知，终于，我的第一本小说在1991年出版了，故答案为D.A.考查动词及语境理解。A.experience经历；B.admitted承认；C.designed设计：D.proved证明。根据前文Ihadthekindofsuccessthatfewwritersever(18)可知，我拥有了极少作家曾经历的成功和名誉，故答案为A.(19)D.考查动词及语境理解。A.ended结束：B.weakened削弱：C.changed改变：D.lasted持续。根据前文Twentyyearshavepassed,buttheeffectithadonmylifehas(19)可知，二十年过去了，但是这个经历对于自己的影响仍在持续，故答案为D.(20)B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.hearof听说；B.thinkof想起；C.dreamof梦想；D.complainof抱怨，投诉；根据Nowloften(20)thetimeworkinginthatcoldbasement 可知，现在我经常会回想起在储物间工作时的时光，故答案为B.本文是一名作家的传记。主要叙述了作者实现成为作家的梦想的艰难历程。作者从孩提时代就想成为一名专职作家，为了实现理想毕业两年后就辞掉了工作，租了间寒冷的储藏室开始写作。虽然多次被退稿，但作者坚信自己将来会成功，最终获得了荣誉和成功。完形填空是在单项填空的基础上发展起来的介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型。它题材广泛，体裁多样。文章内容新颖、有趣、可读性强，具有鲜明的时代感，包括社会生活、风土人情、人文环境、人物传记等。41.【答案】【小题1]who/that【小题2】isconsidered【小题3】after【小题4】difficulties【小题5】extremely【小题6】richer【小题7】playing【小题8]to【小题9】yourself【小题10]torespect【解析】(1)who/that.考查定语从句。句意：一个梦想是不够的，尤其是对于一个热爱和关心他的人民的人来说。先行词为人，在定语从句中作主语，故填who/that.isconsidered.考查语态和主谓一致。句意:袁被认为是杂交水稻之父。表示被认为，所以用被动语态，主语为专有名词，故填isconsidered.after.考查连词。句意：他大学毕业后一直致力于消除饥饿。表示"在…之后”，所以用after引导时间状语从句，故填after.(4)diffkulties.考查名词的数。句意：克服了各种困难后，他终于成功了。前面有allkindsof,所以用复数名词，故填difficulties.extremely.考查副词。句意：他为中国和世界的农业做出了极其令人钦佩的贡献。修饰形容词，所以用副词，故填extremely.richer.考查比较级。句意：虽然他比以前富裕多了，但他的生活仍然很简单。后面有than,所以用比较级，故填richer.playing.考查动名词。句意：他喜欢听音乐、打麻将、游泳和读书。和listening、swimming并列作宾语，所以用动名词，故填playing.to.考查固定搭配。句意：他他不喜欢把钱花在自己身上，但他非常重视年轻人的教育。attachimportanceto看重，为固定搭配，故填to.yourself.考查反身代词。句意：你应该用知识和信心为将来做好准备。指主语本身，所以用反身代词，故填yourself.(10)torespect.考查不定式。句意:学会尊重别人，learntodosth.学会做某事,故填torespect.本文介绍了杂交水稻之父一袁隆平的功绩和他的生活。本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空.做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。42.【答案】Thenumberandspeciesoffishhaddroppedsharplyinthepastfewdecades.Itishumanbehaviorwhichistoblame.Industrialandagriculturalwasteispouringintotheocean,whichseriouslypollutesthewater.Tomakethingsbad,overfishingdes