供应链管理第三版unit3习题与答案

16.16.Chapter3SupplyChainDriversandObstaclesTrue/False1.Themajordriversofsupplychainperformaneearefacilities,inventory,transportation,andinformation.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate2.Themajordriversofsupplychainperformaneearecustomers,facilities,inventory,transportation,andinformation.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate3.Thetwomajortypesoffacilitiesareproductionsitesandstoragesites.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate4.Thetwomajortypesoffacilitiesaredistributionsitesandstoragesites.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate5.Inventoryisanimportantsupplychaindriverbecausechanginginventorypoliciescandramaticallyalterthesupplychain ‘sefficiencyandresponsiveness.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate6.Informationispotentiallythebiggestdriverofperformaneeinthesupplychainasitdirectlyaffectseachoftheotherdrivers.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Easy7.Informationispotentiallythebiggestdriverofperformaneeinthesupplychaineventhoughithaslittleimpactoneachoftheotherdrivers.Answer:FalseDifficulty:EasyAfacilitywithlittleexcesscapacitywilllikelybemoreefficientperunitofproductitproducesthanonewithalotofunusedcapacity.4.15.Answer:TrueDifficulty:EasyAfacilitywithlittleexcesscapacitywilllikelybenomoreorlessefficientperunitofproductitproducesthanonewithalotofunusedcapacity.Answer:FalseDifficulty:EasyThehighutilizationfacilitywillhavedifficultyrespondingtodemandfluctuations.Answer:TrueDifficulty:EasyThehighutilizationfacilitywillhavenomoredifficultyrespondingtodemandfluctuationsthanonewithalotofunusedcapacity.Answer:FalseDifficulty:EasyStockkeepingunit(SKU)storageisthewarehousingmethodologythatusesatraditionalwarehousetostoreallofonetypeofproducttogether.Answer:TrueDifficulty:ModerateWarehouseunitstorageisthewarehousingmethodologythatusesatraditionalwarehousetostoreallofonetypeofproducttogether.Answer:FalseDifficulty:ModerateThecomponentsofinventorydecisionsincludecycleinventory,safetyinventory,seasonalinventory,andsourcing.Answer:TrueDifficulty:EasyThecomponentsofinventorydecisionsincludecapacity,cycleinventory,safetyinventory,seasonalinventory,andsourcing.Answer:FalseDifficulty:EasyCycleinventoryisinventorythatisbuiltuptocounterpredictablevariabilityindemand.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Easy

17.Seasonalinventoryisinventorythatisbuiltuptocounterpredictablevariabilityindemand.17.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate18.Companiesusingseasonalinventorywillbuildupinventoryinperiodsoflowdemandandstoreitforperiodsofhighdemandwhentheywillnothavethecapacitytoproduceallthatisdemanded.18.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate19.Companiesusingseasonalinventorywillmaintainalevelinventoryincreaserateofproductionforperiodsofhighdemand.19.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Easy20.Acompany'sabilitytofindabalaneeb etweenresponsivenessand20.efficiencythatbestmatchestheneedsofthecustomeritistargetingisthekeytoachievingstrategicfit.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate21.Manyobstacles,suchasgrowingproductvarietyandshorterlifecycles,havemadeitincreasinglydifficultforsupplychainstoachievestrategicfit.21.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate1.Whichofthefollowingisa.b.1.Whichofthefollowingisa.b.c.d.e.notamajordriverofsupplychainperformaneeFacilitiesInventoryTransportationInformationAlloftheabovearemajordriversofsupplychainperformanee.Answer:eDifficulty:Easynotamajordriverofsupplychainperformanee2.Whichofthefollowingisnotamajordriverofsupplychainperformaneea.Customersb.c.d.FacilitiesInventoryTransportationInformatione.Answer:aDifficulty:Moderate3.Theplacesinthesupplychainnetworkwhereproductisstored,assembled,orfabricatedareknownrmation.customers.a.

b.c.

d.e.Answer:aDifficulty:Easy4.Allrawmaterials,workinprocess,andfinishedgoodswithinasupplychainareknownrmation.customers.a.

b.c.

d.e.Answer:bDifficulty:Easy5.Mrmation.e.Answer:cDifficulty:Easycustomers.6.Thedataandanalysisconcerningfacilities,inventory,transportation,rmation.customers.e.Answer:dDifficulty:Easy7.Tductionsitesandstoragesites.retailsitesanddistributionsites.distributionsitesandinventorysites.Answer:cDifficulty:Moderate8.Whichcomponentofthesupplychaindecision-makingframeworkwouldbeestablishedfirsta.b.c.d.e.CustomerstrategySupplychainstrategySupplychainstructureCompetitivestrategyReplenishmentstrategyAnswer:dDifficulty:Moderate9.Whichcomponentofthesupplychaindecision-makingframeworkwouldbeestablishedseconda.b.c.d.e.CustomerstrategySupplychainstrategySupplychainstructureCompetitivestrategyReplenishmentstrategyAnswer:bDifficulty:Moderate10.Whichcomponentofthesupplychaindecision-makingframeworkwouldbeusedtoreachtheperformanceleveldictatedbythesupplychainstrategya.b.c.d.e.CustomerstrategySupplychainstrategySupplychainstructureCompetitivestrategyReplenishmentstrategyAnswer:cDifficulty:Easy11.Whichofthefollowingisa.b.c.d.notacomponentoffacilitiesdecisionsLocationCapacityOperationsmethodologyWarehousingmethodology5.12.Whichofthefollowingisa.b.c.d.e.13.Whichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningdecisionsregardinglocationoffacilitiesisfalsea.b.c.12.Whichofthefollowingisa.b.c.d.e.13.Whichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningdecisionsregardinglocationoffacilitiesisfalsea.b.c.Decidingwhereacompanywilllocateitsfacilitiesconstitutesalargepartofthedesignofasupplychain.Abasictrade-offhereiswhethertocentralizetogaineconomiesofscaleordecentralizetobecomemoreresponsivebybeingclosertothecustomer.Companiesmustalsoconsiderahostofissuesrelatedtothevariouscharacteristicsofthelocalareainwhichthefacilitymaybesituated.Allofthesestatementsaretrue.Noneofthesestatementsaretrue.d.e.Answer:dDifficulty:Moderate14.Whichofthefollowingisfacilitylocationdecisionsa.b.c.d.e.notanissuecompaniesneedtoconsiderinqualityofworkersproductdevelopmentproximitytocustomersandtherestofthenetworkcostoffacilitytaxeffectse. Alloftheabovearecomponentsoffacilitiesdecisions.Answer:eDifficulty:ModeratenotacomponentoffacilitiesdecisionsWarehousingmethodologyForecastingmethodologyOperationsmethodologyCapacityLocationAnswer:bDifficulty:Moderatea.

b.c.

d.a.

b.c.

d.notanissuecompaniesneedtoconsiderinAnswer:bDifficulty:ModerateWhichofthefollowingisfacilitylocationdecisionsqualityofworkersavailabilityofinfrastructureproximitytocustomersandtherestofthenetworkcostoffacility8.e.Alloftheaboveareissuescompaniesneedtoconsiderinfacilitylocationdecisions.Answer:eDifficulty:ModerateExcesscapacitya.allowsafacilitytobeveryflexibleandtorespondtowideswingsinthedemandsplacedonit.costsmoneyandthereforecandecreaseefficiency.requiresproximitytocustomersandtherestofthenetwork.bothaandballoftheaboveb.c.d.e.Answer:dDifficulty:ModerateWhichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofafacilitywithexcesscapacitya.b.c.d.e.Answer:aDifficulty:EasywilllikelybemoreefficientperunitofproductitproducesthanonewithalotofunusedcapacitywouldbeveryflexibleandtorespondtowideswingsinthedemandsplacedonitwouldbeconsideredahighutilizationfacilitywillhavedifficultyrespondingtodemandfluctuationsnoneoftheaboveAfacilitywithlittleexcesscapacitya.willlikelybemoreefficientperunitofproductitproducesthanonewithalotofunusedcapacity.wouldbeconsideredahighutilizationfacility.willhavedifficultyrespondingtodemandfluctuations.Alloftheabovearetrue.Noneoftheabovearetrue.b.c.d.e.Answer:dDifficulty:ModerateWhichofthefollowingwouldbeacharacteristicofafacilitywithlittleexcessa.b.

c.d.e.capacityallowsafacilitytobeveryflexibleandtorespondtowideswingsinthedemandsplacedonitcostsmoneyandthereforecandecreaseefficiencyrequiresproximitytocustomersandtherestofthenetworkwilllikelybemoreefficientperunitofproductitproducesnoneoftheaboveAnswer:dDifficulty:Moderate20.Whichofthefollowingisa.20.Whichofthefollowingisa.b.c.d.e.Stockkeepingunit(SKU)storageJoblotstorageCross-dockingAlloftheabovearewarehousingmethodologies.Answer:aDifficulty:Moderate21.warehouseunitstorage.stockkeepingunit(SKU)storage.joblotstorage.cross-docking.noneoftheabove21.warehouseunitstorage.stockkeepingunit(SKU)storage.joblotstorage.cross-docking.noneoftheabovea.b.c.d.e.Answer:bDifficulty:Moderate22.warehouseunitstorage.stockkeepingunit(SKU)storage.joblotstorage.cross-docking.noneoftheabove22.warehouseunitstorage.stockkeepingunit(SKU)storage.joblotstorage.cross-docking.noneoftheabovea.b.c.d.e.Answer:cDifficulty:Moderate23.warehouseunitstoragestockkeepingunit(SKU)storagejoblotstoragecross-dockingnoneoftheaboveThefollowingwarehousingmethodologyisoneinwhichgoodsarenotactuallywarehousedinafacility.Instead,trucksfromsuppliers,eachcarryingadifferenttypeofproduct,delivergoodstoafacility.Theretheinventoryisbrokenintosmallerlotsandquicklyloadedontostoreboundtrucksthatcarryavarietyofproducts,somefromeachofthesuppliertrucks.23.warehouseunitstoragestockkeepingunit(SKU)storagejoblotstoragecross-dockingnoneoftheabovea.b.c.d.e.Answer:d8.Difficulty:Moderate24.Allofthefollowingarecomponentsofinventorydecisionsa.b.c.d.e.24.Allofthefollowingarecomponentsofinventorydecisionsa.b.c.d.e.exceptcycleinventory.safetyinventory.seasonalinventory.sourcing.Alloftheabovearecomponentsofinventorydecisions.Answer:eDifficulty:Easy25.Allofthefollowingarecomponentsofinventorydecisionsa.b.c.d.e.25.Allofthefollowingarecomponentsofinventorydecisionsa.b.c.d.e.exceptcapacity.cycleinventory.safetyinventory.seasonalinventory.sourcing.Answer:aDifficulty:Easy26.cycleinventory.safetyinventory.seasonalinventory.sourcing.noneoftheabove26.cycleinventory.safetyinventory.seasonalinventory.sourcing.noneoftheabovea.b.c.d.e.Answer:aDifficulty:Moderate27.cycleinventory.safetyinventory.seasonalinventory.sourcing.noneoftheabove27.cycleinventory.safetyinventory.seasonalinventory.sourcing.noneoftheabovea.b.c.d.e.Answer:cDifficulty:ModerateTheinventoryheldincasedemandexceedsexpectationinordertocounteruncertaintyiscalledcycleinventory.safetyinventory.seasonalinventory.1.d.sourcing.e.noneoftheaboveAnswer:bDifficulty:ModerateThesetofbusinessprocessesrequiredtopurchasegoodsandservicesisknownasa.cycleinventory.b.safetyinventory.c.seasonalinventoryd.sourcing.e.noneoftheaboveAnswer:dDifficulty:EasyCycleinventorydecisionsinvolvea.b.c.howmuchtoorderforreplenishment.howoftentoplaceorders.abasictrade-offbetweenthecostofholdinglargerlotsofinventoryandthecostoforderingproductfrequently.alloftheaboveaandbonlyd.e.Answer:dDifficulty:ModerateCycleinventoryisusedbecausea.b.c.theworldisperfectlypredictable.demandisuncertainandmayexceedexpectations.itinvolvesmakingatrade-offbetweenthecostsofhavingtoomuchinventoryandthecostsoflosingsalesduetonothavingenoughinventory.itfocusesonprocessesthatareexternaltothefirm.itfocusesonprocessesthatareinternaltothefirm.d.e.Answer:bDifficulty:ModerateSeasonalinventoryshouldbeusedwhena.b.c.d.e.Answer:aacompanycanrapidlychangetherateofitsproductionsystemataverylowcost.changingtherateofproductionisexpensive.,whenworkersmustbehiredorfired).adjustingtoaperiodoflowdemandwithoutincurringlargecosts.theworldisperfectlyductionrateisflexible.Difficulty:Hard33.Sourcinginvolvesa.b.c.d.e.Answer:eDifficulty:Easydecidingthetasksthatwillbeoutsourcedandthosethatwillbeper-formedwithinthefirm.decidingwhethertosourcefromasinglesupplieroraportfolioofsuppliers.identifyingthesetofcriterionthatwillbeusedtoselectsuppliersandmeasuretheirperformanee.selectingsuppliersandnegotiatingcontractswiththem.alloftheabove34.Whichofthefollowingarekeycomponentsoftransportationdecisionswhendesigningandoperatingasupplychaina.b.c.d.e.Modeoftransportation33.Sourcinginvolvesa.b.c.d.e.Answer:eDifficulty:Easydecidingthetasksthatwillbeoutsourcedandthosethatwillbeper-formedwithinthefirm.decidingwhethertosourcefromasinglesupplieroraportfolioofsuppliers.identifyingthesetofcriterionthatwillbeusedtoselectsuppliersandmeasuretheirperformanee.selectingsuppliersandnegotiatingcontractswiththem.alloftheabove34.Whichofthefollowingarekeycomponentsoftransportationdecisionswhendesigningandoperatingasupplychaina.b.c.d.e.ModeoftransportationRouteandnetworkselectionIn-houseoroutsourcealloftheabovenoneoftheaboveAnswer:dDifficulty:Moderate35.Whichofthefollowingarekeycomponentsoftransportationdecisionswhendesigningandoperatingasupplychaina.b.c.d.e.SoftwareselectionModeoftransportationSourceselectionWarehouseselectionnoneoftheaboveAnswer:bDifficulty:Easy36.Whichofthefollowingarekeycomponentsofinformationthatmustbeanalyzedtoincreaseefficiencyandimproveeffectivenessinasupplychaina.b.c.d.e.PushversuspullCoordinationandinformationsharingForecastingandaggregateplanningPricingandrevenuemanagementalloftheaboveAnswer:eDifficulty:Moderate1.37.SoftwareselectionSourceselection37.SoftwareselectionSourceselectionWarehouseselectionForecastingandaggregateplanningnoneoftheabovea.b.c.d.e.Answer:dDifficulty:Moderate38.supplychaincoordination.forecasting.aggregateplanning.revenuemanagement.pricing.38.supplychaincoordination.forecasting.aggregateplanning.revenuemanagement.pricing.a.b.c.d.e.Answer:aDifficulty:Easy39.supplychaincoordination.forecasting.aggregateplanning.revenuemanagement.pricing.39.supplychaincoordination.forecasting.aggregateplanning.revenuemanagement.pricing.a.b.c.d.e.Answer:bDifficulty:Easy40.supplychaincoordination.forecasting.aggregateplanning.revenuemanagement.pricing.40.supplychaincoordination.forecasting.aggregateplanning.revenuemanagement.pricing.a.b.c.d.e.Answer:cDifficulty:EasyTheprocessbywhichafirmdecideshowmuchtochargecustomersforitsgoodsandservicesissupplychaincoordination.5.b.c.d.e.Answer:e42.43.44.b.c.d.e.Answer:e42.43.44.supplychaincoordination.forecasting.aggregateplanning.revenuemanagement.pricing.ElectronicDataInterchange(EDI)InternetEnterpriseResourcePlanning(ERP)SupplyChainManagement(SCM)softwarealloftheaboveInternetEnterpriseDataPlanning(EDP)ElectronicResourceInterchange(ERI)ChainManagement(CM)softwarenoneoftheaboveIncreasingvarietyofproductsDecreasingproductlifecyclesIncreasinglydemandingcustomersFragmentationofsupplychainownershipalloftheaboveforecasting.aggregateplanning.revenuemanagement.pricing.Difficulty:EasyTheuseofdifferentialpricingovertimeorcustomersegmentstomaximizeprofitsfromalimitedsetofsupplychainassetsisa.b.c.d.e.Answer:dDifficulty:ModerateWhichofthefollowingaretechnologiesthatshareandanalyzeinformationinthesupplychaina.b.c.d.e.Answer:eDifficulty:EasyWhichofthefollowingaretechnologiesthatshareandanalyzeinformationinthesupplychaina.b.c.d.e.Answer:aDifficulty:ModerateWhichofthefollowingareobstaclestoachievingstrategicfita.b.c.d.e.Answer:eDifficulty:Easy2.2.a.b.a.b.e.d.e.InereasinglydemandingeustomersFragmentationofsupplyehainownershipalloftheaboveAnswer:eDiffieulty:Moderate47.Whichofthefollowingisa.47.Whichofthefollowingisa.b.e.d.e.Answer:dDifficulty:Moderate1.Essay/Problems1.Listanddefinethefourmajordriversofsupplychainperformanee.AnswerFaeilitiesaretheplaeesinthesupplyehainnetworkwhereproduetisstored,assembled,orfabrieated.Thetwomajortypesoffaeilitiesareproduetionsitesandstoragesites.Inventoryisallrawmaterials,workinproeess,andfinishedgoodswithinasupplyehain.Inventoryisanimportantsupplyehaindriverbeeauseehanginginventorypoliciescandramatieallyalterthesupplyehain‘seffieiencyandresponsiveness.Transportation entailsmovinginventoryfrompointtopointinthesupplyehain.Transportationcantaketheformofmanycombinationsofmodesandroutes.Information consistsofdataandanalysisconcerningfaeilities,inventory,transportation,andeustomersthroughoutthesupplyehain.Informationispotentiallythebiggestdriverofperformaneeinthesupplyehainasitdirectlyaffectseachoftheotherdrivers.Difficulty: ModerateExplainthesupplyehaindeeision-makingframeworkandtheroleofthefourmajordrivers.Answer:Thegoalofasupplychainstrategyistostrikethebalancebetweenresponsivenessandefficiency,resultinginastrategicfitwiththecompetitivestrategy.Toreachthisgoal,acompanyusesthefoursupplychaindriversdiscussedearlier.Foreachoftheindividualdrivers,supplychainmanagersmustmakeatrade-offbetweenefficiencyandresponsiveness.Thecombinedimpactofthesefourdriversthendeterminestheresponsivenessandefficiencyoftheentiresupplychain.Mostcompaniesbeginwithacompetitivestrategyandthendecidewhattheirsupplychainstrategyoughttobe.Thesupplychainstrategydetermineshowthesupplychainshouldperformwithrespecttoefficiencyandresponsiveness.Thesupplychainmustthenusethesupplychaindriverstoreachtheperformancelevelthesupplychainstrategydictates.Difficulty:Moderate3.Explainthebasictrade-offbetweenresponsivenessandefficiencyforeachofthemajordriversofsupplychainperformance.3.Answer:Thefundamentaltrade-offwhenmakingfacilitiesdecisionsisbetweenthecostofthenumber,location,andtypeoffacilities(efficiency)andthelevelofresponsivenessthatthesefacilitiesprovidethecompany'scustomers.Thefundamentaltrade-offwhenmakinginventorydecisionsisbetweenresponsivenessandefficiency.Increasinginventorywillgenerallymakethesupplychainmoreresponsivetothecustomer.Thischoice,however,comesatacostastheaddedinventorydecreasesefficiency.Therefore,asupplychainmanagercanuseinventoryasoneofthedriversforreachingthelevelofresponsivenessandefficiencythecompetitivestrategytargets.Thefundamentaltrade-offfortransportationisbetweenthecostoftransportingagivenproduct(efficiency)andthespeedwithwhichthatproductistransported(responsiveness).Thetransportationchoiceinfluencesotherdriverssuchasinventoryandfacilities.Whensupplychainmanagersthinkaboutmakingtransportationdecisions,theyframethedecisionintermsofthistrade-off.Goodinformationsystemscanhelpafirmimprovebothitsresponsivenessandefficiency.Theinformationdriverisusedtoimprovetheperformanceofotherdriversandtheuseofinformationisbasedonthestrategicpositiontheotherdriverssupport.Accurateinformationcanhelpafirmimproveefficiencybydecreasinginventoryandtransportationcosts.Accurateinformationcanimproveresponsivenessbyhelpingasupplychainbettermatchsupplyanddemand.Difficulty:Moderate

4.Explaintheroleofeachofthemajordriversofsupplychainperformanee.4.Answer:Facilitiesarethewhereofthesupplychainifwethinkofinventoryaswhatisbeingpassedalongthesupplychainandtransportationas howitispassedalong.Theyarethelocationstoorfromwhichtheinventoryistransported.Withinafacility,inventoryiseitherprocessedortransformedintoanotherstate(manufacturing)oritisstoredbeforebeingshippedtothenextstage(warehousing).Inventoryexistsinthesupplychainbecauseofamismatchbetweensupplyanddemand.Animportantrolethatinventoryplaysinthesupplychainistoincreasetheamountofdemandthatcanbesatisfiedbyhavingproductreadyandavailablewhenthecustomerwantsit.Anothersignificantroleinventoryplaysistoreducecostbyexploitinganyeconomiesofscalethatmayexistduringbothproductionanddistribution.Inventoryisspreadthroughoutthesupplychainfromrawmaterialstoworkinprocesstofinishedgoodsthatsuppliers,manufacturers,distributors,andretailershold.Inventoryisamajorsourceofcostinasupplychainandithasahugeimpactonresponsiveness.Thelocationandquantityofinventorycanmovethesupplychainfromoneendoftheresponsivenessspectrumtotheother.Inventoryalsohasasignificantimpactonthematerialflowtimeinasupplychain.MaterialflowtimeisthetimethatelapsesbetweenthepointatwhichAnotherimportantareawhereinventoryhasasignificantimpactisthroughput.Inventoryandflowtimearesynonymousinasupplychain.Managersshoulduseactionsthatlowertheamountofinventoryneededwithoutincreasingcostorreducingresponsiveness,becausereducedflowtimecanbeasignificantadvantageinasupplychain.Transportation movesproductbetweendifferentstagesinasupplychain.Liketheothersupplychaindrivers,transportationhasalargeimpactonbothresponsivenessandefficiency.Fastertransportation,whetherintheformofdifferentmodesoftransportationordifferentamountsbeingtransported,allowsasupplychaintobemoreresponsivebutreducesitsefficiency.Thetypeoftransportationacompanyusesalsoaffectstheinventoryandfacilitylocationsinthesupplychain.Information couldbeoverlookedasamajorsupplychaindriverbecauseitdoesnothaveaphysicalpresenee.Information,however,deeplyaffectseverypartofthesupplychain.Itsimpactiseasytounderestimateasinformationaffectsasupplychaininmanydifferentways.Informationservesastheconnectionbetweenthesupplychainvariousstages,allowingthemtocoordinateandbringaboutmanyofthebenefitsofmaximizingtotalsupplychainprofitability.Informationisalsocrucialtothedailyoperationsofeachstageinasupplychain.

Forinstance,aproductionschedulingsystemusesinformationondemandtocreateaschedulethatallowsafactorytoproducetherightproductsinanefficientmanner.Awarehousemanagementsystemusesinformationtocreatevisibilityofthewarehouse 'sinventory.Thecompanycanthenusethisinformationtodeterminewhetherneworderscanbefilled.Difficulty:Hard5.Explaintheroleofeachofthemajordriversofsupplychainperformanceinthecompetitivestrategy.5.Answer:Facilitiesandtheircorrespondingcapacitiestoperformtheirfunctionsareakeydr