2021年高考英语真题试卷(江苏卷)带答案解析

2021年高考英语真题试卷（江苏卷）一、单项填空。请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。1.Itisoftenthecase anythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.A.why B.what C.as D.that.Moreefforts,asreported, intheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupply-sidestructuralreform.A.aremadeB.willbemadeC.arebeingmadeD.havebeenmade.Manyyoungpeople,most werewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.A.ofwhich B.ofthem C.ofwhom D.ofthose.—Canyoutellusyour forhappinessandalonglife?—Livingeverydaytothefull,definitely.A.recipe B.record C.range D.receipt.Hedidnoteasily ,butwaswillingtoacceptanyconstructiveadviceforaworthycause.A.approach B.wrestle C.compromise D.communicate. somepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess,othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.A.Because B.If C.Unless D.Whilefit forhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow.A.hadnotbeenB.shouldnotbeC.werenottobeD.shouldnothavebeennartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessage withinthework.A.tohide B.hidden C.hiding D.beinghidden.Dashan,who crosstalk,theChinesecomedictradition,fordecades,wantstomixitupwiththeWesternstand-uptradition.A.willbelearningB.islearningC.hadbeenlearningD.hasbeenlearning.Manybusinessesstartedupbycollegestudentshave thankstothecomfortableclimateforbusinesscreation.A.fallenofftakenoffturnedoffA.fallenofftakenoffturnedoffleftoff.Hiscomprehensivesurveyshaveprovidedthemost statementsofhow,andonwhatbasis,dataarecollected.A.explicit B.ambiguous C.original D.arbitrary.—Onlythosewhohavealotincommoncangetalongwell.— .Oppositessometimesdoattract.A.Ihopenot B.thinkso C.Iappreciatethat D.Ibegtodiffer13.Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildrento theopportunitytojoinsportsteams.A.gainadmissiontoB.keeptrackofC.takeadvantageofD.giveriseto14.Notuntilrecently thedevelopmentoftourist-relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.A.theyhadencouraged B.hadtheyencouragedC.didtheyencourage D.theyencouraged15.—Jackstillcan'thelpbeinganxiousabouthisjobinterview.—Lackofself-confidenceishis ,Iamafraid.A.Achilles'heel B.child'splay C.greenfingers D.laststraw二、完形填空。.请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Yearsago,acriticaleventoccurredinmylifethatwouldchangeitforever.ImetKurtKampmeirofSuccessMotivationIncorporationforbreakfast.Whilewewere1,Kurtaskedme,"John,whatisyour2forpersonalgrowth?"Neveratalossforwords,Itriedtofindthingsinmylifethatmight 3 forgrowth.ItoldhimaboutthemanyactivitiesinwhichIwas 4 .AndIwentintoa 5 abouthowhardIworkedandthegainsIwasmaking.Imusthavetalkedfortenminutes.Kurt 6 patiently,butthenhe7smiledandsaid,“Youdon'thaveapersonalplanforgrowth,doyou?”“No,I8.“Youknow,”Kurtsaidsimply,“growthisnota(n)9process.”Andthat'swhenit10me.Iwasn'tdoinganything11tomakemyselfbetter.Andatthatmoment,Imadethe12:Iwilldevelopandfollowapersonalgrowthplanformy13.Thatnight,Italkedtomywifeaboutmy14withKurtandwhatIhadlearned.I15hertheworkbookandtapesKurtwasselling.We16thatKurtwasn'tjusttryingtomakeasale.Hewasofferinga17forustochangeourlivesandachieveourdreams.

Severalimportantthingshappenedthatday.First,wedecidedto18theresources.Butmoreimportantly,wemadeacommitmentto 19 togetherasacouple.Fromthatdayon,welearnedtogether,traveledtogether,andsacrificedtogether.Itwasa 20 decision.Whiletoomanycouplesgrowapart,weweregrowingtogether.1.A.workingB.preparingC.thinkingD.eating2.A.suggestionB.demandC.planD.request3.A.appealB.lookC.callD.qualify4.A.involvedB.trappedC.lostD.bathed5.A.lectureB.speechC.discussionD.debate6.A.calculatedB.listenedC.drankD.explained7.A.eagerlyB.graduallyC.gratefullyD.finally8.A.admittedB.interruptedC.apologizedD.complained9.A.automaticB.slowC.independentD.changing10.A.confusedB.informedC.pleasedD.hit11.A.onloanB.onpurposeC.onsaleD.onbalance12.A.commentB.announcementC.decisionD.arrangement13.A.lifeB.progressC.performanceD.investment14.A.contractB.conversationC.negotiationD.argument15.A.lentB.soldC.showedD.offered16.A.recalledB.definedC.recognizedD.declared17.A.toolB.methodC.wayD.rule18.A.provideB.buyC.giveD.deliver19.A.growB.surviveC.moveD.gather20.A.difficultB.randomC.firmD.wise三、阅读理解。.请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。E-Learning:AnAlternativeLearningOpportunityDayschoolProgramSecondarystudentsacrossTorontoDistrictSchoolBoard(TDSB)areinvitedtotakeoneortwoe-Learningcoursesontheirdayschooltimetable.Studentswillremainontherollattheirdayschool.Theon-lineclassroomprovidesaninnovativerelevantandinteractiveLearningenvironment.Thecoursesandon-lineclassroomareprovidedbytheMinistryofEducationTheseon-linecoursesaretaughtbyTDSBsecondaryschoolteachersarepartoftheTDSBStudent'stimetable;andappearontheStudent’sreportuponcompletionBenefitsofe-LearningInclude:AccesstocoursesthatmaynotbeavailableathisorherTDSBschoolUsingtechnologytoprovidestudentswithcurrentinformation:and.assistancetosolvetimetableconflictsIse-LearningforYou?Studentswhoaresuccessfulinon-linecourseareusually;abletoplan,organizetimeandcompleteassignmentsandactivities;capableofworkingindependentlyinaresponsibleandhonestmanner;and,abletoregularlyuseacomputerormobiledevicewithinternetaccessStudentsneedtospendatleastasmuchtimewiththeiron-linecourseworkastheywouldinaface-to-faceclassroomcourse.(1)E-LearningcoursesaredifferentfromotherTDSBcoursesinthat.A.theyaregivenbybestTDSBteachers.B.theyarenotonthedayschooltimetable.C.theyarenotincludedonstudents’reports.D.theyareanadditiontoTDSBcourses.(2)Whatdostudentsneedtodobeforecompletinge-learningcourses?A.Tolearninformationtechnologyon-line.B.Todotheirassignmentsindependently.C.Toupdatetheirmobiledevicesregularly.D.Totalkfacetofacewiththeirteachers.18.请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Chimps(黑猩猩)willcooperateincertainways,likegatheringinwarpartiestoprotecttheirterritory.Butbeyondtheminimumrequirementsassocialbeings,theyhavelittleinstinct(本能)tohelponeanother.Chimpsinthewildseekfoodforthemselves.Evenchimpmothersregularlydeclinetosharefoodwiththeirchildren,whoareablefromayoungagetogathertheirownfood.Inthelaboratory,chimpsdon'tnaturallysharefoodeither.Ifachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinoneplateoffoodforhimselfor,withnogreateffort,aplatethatalsoprovidesfoodforaneighbortothenextcage,hewillpullatrandom---hejustdoesn'tcarewhetherhisneighborgetsfedornot.Chimpsaretrulyselfish.Humanchildren,ontheotherhandarenaturallycorporative.Fromtheearliestages,theydecidetohelpothers,toshareinformationandtoparticipateinachievingcommongoals.ThepsychologistMichaelTomasellohasstudiedthiscooperativenessinaseriesofexperimentwithveryyoungchildren.Hefindsthatifbabiesaged18monthsseeanunrelatedadultwithhandsfulltryingtoopenadoor,almostallwillimmediatelytrytohelp.Thereareseveralreasonstobelievethattheurgestohelp,informandsharearenottaught,butnaturallypossessedinyoungchildren.Oneisthattheseinstinctsappearataveryyoungagebeforemostparentshavestartedtotraintheirchildrentobehavesocially.Anotheristhatthehelpingbehaviorsarenotimprovedifthechildrenarerewarded.Athirdreasonisthatsocialintelligencedevelopsinchildrenbeforetheirgeneralcognitive(认知的)skills,atleastwhencomparedwithchimps.IntestsconductedbyTomasello,thehumanchildrendidnobetterthanthechimpsonthephysicalworldtestsbutwereconsiderablybetteratunderstandingthesocialworld.Thecoreofwhatchildren'smindshaveandchimps’don'tiswhatTomasellocallssharedintentionality.Partofthisabilityisthattheycaninferwhatothersknoworarethinking.Butbeyondthat,evenveryyoungchildrenwanttobepartofasharedpurpose.Theyactivelyseektobepartofa“we”,agroupthatintendstoworktowardasharedgoal.(1)Whatcanwelearnfromtheexperimentwithchimps?A.Chimpsseldomcareaboutothers’interests.B.Chimpstendtoprovidefoodfortheirchildren.C.Chimpsliketotakeintheirneighbors’food.D.Chimpsnaturallysharefoodwitheachother.(2)MichaelTomasello’stestsonyoungchildrenindicatethatthey .A.havetheinstincttohelpothersB.knowhowtoofferhelptoadultsC.knowtheworldbetterthanchimpsD.trustadultswiththeirhandsfull(3)Thepassageismainlyabout .A.thehelpingbehaviorsofyoungchildrenB.waystotrainchildren'ssharedintentionalityC.cooperationasadistinctivehumannatureD.thedevelopmentofintelligenceinchildren.请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ElNifio,aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild",wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermenwhonoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern,whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears,reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNifioseeswarmwater,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround.Theweathereffects,bothgoodandbad,arefeltinmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNifio,onbalance,thantheylose.AstudyfoundthatastrongNifioin1997helpedAmerican'seconomygrowby$15billion,partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvest,farmersintheMidwestgainedfromextrarain.Thetotalriseinagriculturalincomesinrichcountriesisgreaterthanthefallinpoorones.ButinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinflames.Amulti-yeardrought（干旱）insouth-eastBrazilisbecomingworse.ThoughheavyrainsbroughtaboutbyElNinomayrelievethedroughtinCalifornia,theyarelikelytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.ThemostrecentpowerfulNino,in1997-98,killedaround21,000peopleandcauseddamageworth$36billionaroundtheglobe.ButsuchNinoscomewithmonthsofwarning,andsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscanprepare.AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute（ODI）,however,just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.Thisisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonrisk-reductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction.Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure（基础设施）canreducethespreadofdisease.Bettersewers（下水道）makeitlesslikelythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadstomach.Strongerbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineafterfloods.Accordingtoapaperin2011byMr.Hsiangandco-authors,civilconflictisrelatedtoElNino'sharmfuleffects—andthepoorerthecountry,thestrongerthelink.Thoughtherelationshipmaynotbecausal,helpingdividedcommunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheriskthatthosedisastersarefollowedbykillingandwoundingpeople.SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNino,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.（1）WhatcanwelearnaboutElNinoinParagraph1?A.ItisnamedafteraSouthAmericanfisherman.B.Ittakesplacealmosteveryyearallovertheworld.C.ItforcesfishermentostopcatchingfisharoundChristmas.D.Itseesthechangesofwaterflowdirectionintheocean.（2）WhatmayElNinosbringabouttothecountriesaffected?A.Agriculturalharvestsinrichcountriesfall.B.Droughtsbecomemoreharmfulthanfloods.C.Richcountries’gainsaregreaterthantheirlosses.D.Poorcountriessufferlessfromdroughtseconomically.（3）ThedataprovidedbyODIinParagraph4suggestthat .A.moreinvestmentshouldgotoriskreductionB.governmentsofpoorcountriesneedmoreaidC.victimsofElNinodeservemorecompensationD.recoveryandreconstructionshouldcomefirst（4）Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.TointroduceElNinoanditsorigin.B.ToexplaintheconsequencesofElNino.C.ToshowwaysoffightingagainstElNino.D.TourgepeopletoprepareforElNino..请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Notsolongago,mostpeopledidn'tknowwhoShellyAnnFrancisPrycewasgoingtobecome.Shewasjustanaveragehighschoolathlete.TherewaseveryindicationthatshewasjustanotherAmericanteenagerwithoutmuchofafuture.However,onepersonwantstochangethis.StephenFrancisobservedtheneighteen-year-oldShellyAnnasatrackmeetandwasconvincedthathehadseenthebeginningsoftruegreatness.Hertimewerenotexactlyimpressive,butevenso,hesensedtherewassomethingtryingtogetout,somethingtheothercoacheshadoverlookedwhentheyhadassessedherandfoundherlacking.HedecidedtoofferShellyAnnaplaceinhisverystricttrainingsessions.Theircooperationquicklyproducedresults,andafewyearslateratJamaica'sOlympictrailsinearly2008,Shelly-Ann,whoatthattimeonlyrankednumber70intheworld,beatJamaica'sunchallengedqueenofthesprint（短跑）.“Wheredidshecomefrom?”askedanastonishedsprintingworld,beforeconcludingthatshemustbeoneofthoseone-hitwondersthatspringupfromtimetotime,onlytodisappearagainwithoutsigns.ButShelly-Annwastoprovethatshewasanythingbutaone-hitwonder.AttheBeijingOlympicsshesweptawayanydoubtsaboutherabilitytoperformconsistentlybybecomingthefirstJamaicanwomanevertowinthe100metersOlympicgold.ShediditagainoneyearonattheWorldChampionshipinBerlin,becomingworldchampionwithatimeof10.73---thefourthfastesttimeever.Shelly-Annisalittlewomanwithabigsmile.Shehasamentaltoughnessthatdidnotcomeaboutbychance.Herjourneytobecomingthefastestwomanonearthhasbeenanythingbutsmoothandeffortless.ShegrewupinoneofJamaica’stoughestinner-citycommunitiesknownasWaterhouse,whereshelivedinaone-roomapartment,sleepingfourinabedwithhermotherandtwobrothers.Waterhouse,oneofthepoorestcommunitiesinJamaica,isareallyviolentandoverpopulatedplace.SeveralofShelly-Ann'sfriendsandfamilywerecaughtupinthekillings;oneofhercousinswasshotdeadonlyafewstreetsawayfromwhereshelived.Sometimesherfamilydidn'thaveenoughtoeat.Sheranattheschoolchampionshipsbarefootedbecauseshecouldn'taffordshoes.HermotherMaxime,oneofafamilyoffourteen,hadbeenanathleteherselfasayounggirlbut,likesomanyothergirlsinWaterhouse,hadtostopaftershehadherfirstbaby.Maxime'searlyentryintotheadultworldwithitsresponsibilitiesgaveherthedeterminationtoensurethatherkidswouldnotendupinWaterhouse'sroundaboutofpoverty.OneofthefirstthingsMaximeusedtodowithShelly-Annwastakinghertothetrack,andshewasreadytosacrificeeverything.Itdidn'ttakelongforShelly-AnntorealizethatsportscouldbeherwayoutofWaterhouse.OnasummereveninginBeijingin2008,allthoselong,hardhoursofworkandcommitmentfinallyborefruit.Thebarefootkidwhojustafewyearspreviouslyhadbeenlivinginpoverty,surroundedbycriminalsandviolence,hadwrittenanewchapterinthehistoryofsports.ButShelly-Ann'svictorywasfargreaterthanthat.ThenightshewonOlympicgoldinBeijing,theroutinemurdersinWaterhouseandthedrugwarsintheneighbouringstreetsstopped.Thedarkcloudaboveoneoftheworld'stoughestcriminalneighbourhoodssimplydisappearedforafewdays.，havesomuchfireburningformycountry,”Shellysaid.SheplanstostartafoundationforhomelesschildrenandwantstobuildacommunitycentreinWaterhouse.ShehopestoinspiretheJamaicanstolaydowntheirweapons.Sheintendstofighttomakeitawoman'saswellasaman'sworld.AsMuhammadAliputsit,“Championsaren'tmadeingyms.Championsaremadefromsomethingtheyhavedeepinsidethem.Adesire,adream,avision.”OneofthethingsShelly-Anncanbeproudofisherunderstandingofthistruth.（1）WhydidStephenFrancisdecidetocoachShelly-Ann?A.Hehadastrongdesiretofreeherfamilyfromtrouble.B.Hesensedagreatpotentialinherdespiteherweaknesses.C.Shehadbigproblemsmaintainingherperformance.D.Shesufferedalotofdefeatsattheprevioustrackmeets.（2）WhatdidthesprintingworldthinkofShelly-Annbeforethe2008OlympicGames?A.Shewouldbecomeapromisingstar.B.Shebadlyneededtosethighergoals.C.Hersprintingcareerwouldnotlastlong.D.Hertalentforsprintingwasknowntoall.（3）WhatmadeMaximedecidetotrainherdaughteronthetrack?A.Hersuccessandlessonsinhercareer.B.HerinterestinShelly-Ann’squickprofit.C.HerwishtogetShelly-Annoutofpoverty.D.Herearlyentranceintothesprintingworld.（4）WhatcanweinferfromShelly-Ann'sstatementunderlinedinParagraph5?A.Shewashighlyrewardedforherefforts.B.Shewaseagertodomoreforhercountry.C.Shebecameanathleticstarinhercountry.D.Shewastheenvyofthewholecommunity.（5）BymentioningMuhammadAli'swords,theauthorintendstotellusthat.A.playersshouldbehighlyinspiredbycoachesB.greatathletesneedtoconcentrateonpatienceC.hardworkisnecessaryinone'sachievementsD.motivationallowsgreatathletestobeonthetop（6）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheMakingofaGreatAthleteB.TheDreamforChampionshipC.TheKeytoHighPerformanceD.ThePowerofFullResponsibility四、任务型阅读。.请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。AnExtensionoftheHumanBrainOtherpeoplecanhelpuscompensateforourmentalandemotionaldeficiencies欠缺），muchasawoodenlegcancompensateforaphysicaldeficiency.Tobeexact,otherpeoplecanextendourintelligenceandhelpusunderstandandadjustouremotions.Whenanotherpersonhelpsusinsuchways,heorsheisparticipatinginwhatI'vecalleda“socialprosthetic（义肢的）system.”Suchsystemsdonotneedtooperateface-to-face,andit'scleartomethattheInternetisexpandingtherangeofmyownsocialprostheticsystems.It'salreadyabigbankofmanyminds.Eveninitscurrentstate,theInternethasextendedmymemoryandjudgment.Regardingmemory:OnceIlookupsomethingontheInternet,Idon'tneedtokeepallthedetailsforfutureuse—Iknowwheretofindthatinformationagainandcanquicklyandeasilydoso.Moregenerally,theInternetfunctionsasifitweremymemory.ThisfunctionoftheInternetisparticularlystrikingwhenI'mwriting;I'mnolongercomfortablewritingifI'mnotconnectedtotheInternet.It'sbecomenaturaltocheckfactsasIwrite,takingaminuteortwotodipintoPubMed,Wikipedia,orotherwebsites.Regardingjudgment:TheInternethasmademesmarterinmatterssmallandlarge.Forexample,whenI'mwritingatextbook,ithasbecomesecondnaturetocheckadozendefinitionsofakeyterm,whichhelpsmedigintothecoreandunderstanditsmeaning.Butmorethanthat,Inowregularlycomparemyviewswiththoseofmanyothers.IfIhavea“newidea,”Inowquicklylooktoseewhethersomebodyelsehasalreadythoughtofit,orsomethingsimilar—andIthencomparewhatIthinkwithwhatothershavethought.Thiscertainlymakesmyownviewsclearer.Moreover,IcanfindoutwhethermyreactionstoaneventarereasonableenoughbyreadingaboutthoseofothersontheInternet.TheseeffectsoftheInternethavebecomeevenmorestrikingsinceI'vebegunusingasmartphone.Inowregularlypulloutmyphonetocheckafact,watchavideo,readweibo.Suchactivitiesfillthespacesthatusedtobedeadtime（suchaswaitingforsomebodytoarriveforalunchmeeting）.Butthat'stheupside（好处）.ThedownsideisthatinthosedeadperiodsIoftenwouldletmythoughtsflowandsometimeswouldhaveanunexpectedinsightoridea.Thoseopportunitiesarenowfewerandfartherbetween.AnExtensionoftheHumanBrainAprostheticnatureThe canhelpmakeupforourmentalandemotionaldeficienciesasawoodenlegcancompensateforabodilydeficiency.It inourdailyevents,extendingourintelligence,comprehendingourfeelings,andexpandingtherangeofsocialactivities.Wonderfulaspects:memoryandjudgment•OntheInternet,wecouldquicklyandeasilylocatethedetails,andcheckfacts,without theminmind.•TheInternetmakesussmarterover kindsofthings.Itprovidesadozendefinitionsofakeytermforustofindthe ofthematter.TheInternetenablesustoexchangeideaswithmanyothersto ourclaims,andto ouractions.The sidesofsmartphones•Smartphonesmakeiteasierandmore tocheckreality,watchvideoclips,readweibo.•Smartphones thepossibilityfornewandinsightfulminds,andstealawayourdeadtime.五、书面表达。.请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。Inrecentyears,internetvotinghasbecomeincreasinglypopularinChina.Peoplenotonlycaston-linevotesthemselves,butalsourgeotherstovoteforcompetitionslikethe“MostBeautifulTeacher”andthe“CutestBaby”.LiJiang,ahighschoolstudent,isinvitedtovoteinthe“BestPoliceOfficer"competition,organizedbythelocalgovernmenttoletthepublichaveabetterunderstandingofpoliceofficers’dailywork.LiJiangvisitsthewebsiteandreadsallthestories.Heisdeeplymovedbytheirgloriousdeeds.Heisalreadythinkingofbecomingapolicemanhimselfinthefuture.SuHuaisinvitedbyhisuncletovoteforhiscousininthe“FutureSinger"competition.Hehasalreadyreceivedthreesimilarinvitationsthisweek.Hisuncletellshimthatifhiscousinwinsthecompetition,thefamilywillwinanoverseastourforfree.SuHualikeshiscousinverymuch,buthefindsothersingersperformevenbetter.Tovote,ornottovote?Thisisaquestionthattroubleshimverymuch.【写作内容】①用约30个单词写出上文概要；②用约120个单词阐述你对网络投票的看法，并用2~3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。【写作要求】①写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；②作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；③不必写标题。【评分标准】内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。答案解析部分一、单项填空。请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。.【答案】D【考点】主语从句【解析】【分析】考查主语从句。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是连接词that做引导的主语从句，连接词that在本句中不充当任何成分，只是一个引导词而已，不能省略。连接副词why要在句中作状语，连接代词what通常在句子中作主语、宾语或表语等；as通常不引导名词从句。句意：对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是是事实。故D正确。【点评】that引导主语从句：由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下被放到句子的后面，用it作形式主语来代替它的位置。常见的以it作形式主语的主语从句的句型有三种。①It+be+形容词+that从句适用于这种句型的常见形容词有：necessary，clear，true，strange，important，wonderful，possible，likely,obvious,surprisingetc。表语为necessary，clear，true，strange,important,wonderful，possible,likely,obvious,surprising,astonishing,etc等形容词时，谓语动词的形式一般为“should+动词原形”②It+be+名词词组+that从句常用于这种句型的名词词组有：afact，agoodidea，apity，anhour，ashame，nowonder，goodnewsetc.③It+be+过去分词+that从句常有的过去分词有：said，reported,hoped,believed,expected,decided,well-known,thought,suggested等。过去分词表示：建议，命令，愿望如suggested，ordered，requested等词时，从句需用虚拟语气。动词形式为：should+原型。.【答案】B【考点】动词的语态，一般将来时【解析】【分析】考查时态语态。句意：正如报道的那样，在之前几年中做出的努力加速了供给结构改革的速度。“aremade”为一般现在时；“willbemade”为一般将来时，符合题意；“arebeingmade”为被动语态的现在进行时；“havebeenmade”为现在完成时。根据后文中的“intheyearsahead”(今后的三年中)可知，本句中，主要使用时态应为一般将来时。故选项B符合答案。.【答案】C【考点】“介词关系代词(which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法【解析】【分析】考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是Manyyoungpeople,关系代词whom指代先行词，在定语从句中作为of的宾语。句意：很多年轻人都前往偏远地区追求他们的梦想，期中大部分人都是受过良好教育。故C正确。【点评】"ofwhom/which”引导的定语从句：在非限制性定语从句中，先行词作为一个整体，表示整体中的一部分，即表示“部分与整体”的关系时，用…ofwhich/whom或者ofwhich/whom…都可以。但与表示所属关系不同，这里不能用whose来代替ofwhich。①表示整体中的部分Thebuses,mostofwhichwerealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd.公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人，它们被愤怒的人群包围着。Ipickeduptheapples,someofwhichwerebadlybruised.我拣起那些苹果，其中有一些伤得很厉害。Iboughtadozeneggs,sixofwhichbrokewhenIdroppedthebox.我买了一打鸡蛋，六个在我失手掉了盒子时摔碎了。Therearetwobottlesleft,oneofwhichisalmostfinishedandtheotherofwhichisnotquite.只剩两瓶，一瓶快喝完了，另一瓶没完全喝完。Thetreasuresomeofwhichhasbeenrecovered,hasbeensenttotheBritishMuseum.这些宝藏已送往大英博物馆，其中有一些是失而复得的。②表示所属关系He,swrittenabook,thenameofwhichI’veforgotten.他写了一本书，书名我忘了。句中的thenameofwhich=whosename。Itwasanagreementthedetailsofwhichcouldnotbealtered.这是一项其细节不可更改的协定。句中的thedetailsofwhich=whosedetails。.【答案】A【考点】名词辨析【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析。名词recipe秘诀，食谱，药方；record记录；range范围；receipt收据，收条；句意：一你能告诉我你对幸福长寿的秘密吗？一当然是尽情享受每一天。根据句意可知A项意为“秘诀”，与上下文相符。.【答案】C【考点】动词的词义辨析，动词【解析【分析】考查动词辨析。动词approach靠近，接近；wrestle摔跤，斗争，努力解决；compromise妥协；和解；让步；communicate交流；句意：他并不容易妥协，但是对于正义的事业，他愿意接受任何建设性的建议。根据句意可知C项正确。.【答案】D【考点】引导让步状语从句的连词，让步状语从句【解析【分析】考查连词。连词because因为；if如果；unless除非，如果…不…while尽管，然而，当……时；句意：尽管一些人被成功的渴望驱使着，但是其他人却被失败的恐惧驱使着前进。根据句意可知上下文之间存在转折关系，所以使用“while尽管……”连接。故D项正确。【点评】连词while引导让步状语从句常放在句首，译作“尽管〃、“虽然〃，比although或though语气要轻。例如：WhileIbelieveitistrue,Icannotproveit.虽然我相信那是真的，但我无法证明。.【答案】A【考点】虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的运用，过去完成时【解析】【分析】考查虚拟语气。本句属于错综条件句的虚拟语气。If从句表示与过去事实相反，所以使用过去完成时，主句表示与现在事实相反，所以使用“情态动词+动词原形”。句意：如果不是因为前几天他的邀请，我现在就不会在这里了。故A正确。【点评】有时条件从句和主句所表示的动作在时间上可以不一致（例如一个与过去事实相反，另一个与现在事实相反），这种虚拟条件句就称为错综时间虚拟条件句。在这种条件句中，动词的形式要根据具体情况进行调整。例句：Shewouldneverhavebehavedlikethatifshehadsomecommonsense.如果她有一些常识的话，她就决不会像那样做了。IfIhadabike（now）,Iwouldhavelentittoyouyesterday.假如我有自行车，昨天早就借给你了。句型说明：错综时间条件句中，特别注意时间状语，在这种情况下必须明确给以时间或通过上下文可明白看出时间不同，否则就按一般时间搭配使用。.【答案】B【考点】分词，非谓语动词【解析】【分析】考查分词作定语。本句中名词短语asecretmessage与动词hide构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词短语hiddenwithinthework在句中作后置定语，修饰名词短语asecretmessage，相当于定语从句thatishiddenwithinthework。AC项表示主动含义，D项强调正在进行，与语境不符。故B正确。【点评】过去分词作定语，在语态上，表被动；在时间上，表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的名词有逻辑（意义）上的动宾关系。过去分词作定语时，所修饰的名词在逻辑上相当于被动句中的主语，过去分词相当于谓语。过去分词作定语表示动作在谓语动作之前发生，已经完成并具有被动意义。有时也不表示时间性。作定语的过去分词一般由及物动词变来，因为只有及物动词才有被动意义。例如：Heisateacherlovedbyhisstudents.他是个很受学生爱戴的老师。也有用不及物动词的过去分词作定语的情况，一般作前置定语，它不表示被动意义，只表示主动意义，强调动作完成。不能像及物动词的过去分词那样放在名词后面作定语。例如：fallenleaves落叶retiredworkers退休工人therisensun升起的太阳.【答案】D【考点】现在完成进行时【解析】【分析】考查时态。本句的时间状语是“fordecades几十年来”，该时间状语通常和现在完成的有关时态连用，本句强调这几十年来大山一直努力把中国相声和西方的脱口秀相结合。所以使用现在完成进行时，强调动作的延续性和反复性。故D正确。.【答案】B【考点】动词短语的辨析【解析】【分析】考查动词短语辨析。短语falloff跌落，下降；takeoff起飞，成功，受欢迎；turnoff关闭；leaveoff停止，中断；句意：由于良好的创业环境，很多大学生创办的生意都很成功。根据句意可知B正确。.【答案】A【考点】形容词的词义辨析【解析】【分析】考查形容词词义辨析。形容词explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，专制的；句意：对于如何以及在什么基础上收集数据，他的综合调查提供了最清晰的说明。故A正确。.【答案】D【考点】情景交际及习惯表达【解析】【分析】考查交际用语。Ihopenot我可不希望这样；Ithinkso我认为如此；Iappreciatethat我很感激；Ibegtodiffer恕我不能同意；本题的关键词是后句“Oppositessometimesdoattract.”意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。说明对话两个人的意见并不一致。故D项“恕我不能同意”符合上下文。.【答案】C【考点】动词短语的辨析【解析】【分析】考查短语辨析。动词短语gainad