小学3到6年级英语知识点

小学英语知识点总结学生易错词汇1.a,an的选择:元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a.am,is,are的选择:单数用is,复数用are.I用am,you用are.have,has的选择:表示某人有某物。单数用has,复数用have.I,you用have.thereis,thereare的选择:表示某地有某物，某人。单数用thereis,复数用thereare.some,any的选择:肯定句用some,疑问句和否定句用any.疑问词的选择:what（什么）who（谁）where（哪里）whose（谁的）why（为什么）when（什么时候）which（哪一个）howold（多大）howmany（多少）howmuch（多少钱）二：形容词比较级详解当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是：什么+动词be（am,is,are）+形容词比较级+than（比）+什么，如：I'mtallerandheavierthanyou.（我比你更高和更重。）Anelephantisbiggerthanatiger.（一只大象比一只老虎更大。）形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，它的变化规则是：一般的直接在词尾加er，如tall-taller,strong-stronger,以e结尾的，直接加r，如fine-finer,以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny-funnier双写最后的字母再加er，如big-bigger,thin-thinner,hot-hotter☆注意☆比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。典型错误：Myhairislongerthanyou.（我的头发比你更长。）比较的两者是我的头发、你（整个人），那么比较的对象就没有可比性。应该改为：Myhairislongerthanyours.或Myhairislongerthanyourhair.比较级专项练习一、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子heavytalllongbigHowistheYellowRiver?HowisMrGreen?He's175cm.(3)Howareyourfeet?Iwearsize18.(4)Howisthefish?It's2kg.二、根据句意写出所缺的单词(1)I'm12yearsold.You're14.I'mthanyou.(2)Arabbit'stailisthanamonkey'stail.Anelephantisthanapig.Alakeisthanasea.Abasketballisthanafootball.三、根据中文完成句子.(1)?我比我的弟弟大三岁.I'mthanmybrother.?这棵树要比那棵树高.Thistreethanthatone.?你比他矮四厘米.Youarethanhe.?谁比你重?thanyou？四、根据答句写出问句(1)I'm160cm.(2)I'm12yearsold.(4)Amy'shairis30cmlong.三：动词过去式详解动词的过去式的构成规则有：A、规则动词一般直接在动词的后面加ed如worked,learned,cleaned,visited以e结尾的动词直接加d如lived,danced,used以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如study-studiedcarry一carriedworry一worried(play、stay)双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如stoppedB、不规则动词(此类词并无规则，须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing一sang,eat一ate,see一saw,have一had,do一did,go一went,take一took,buy一bought,get一got,read一read,fly一flew,am/is一was,are一were,say一said,leave一left,swim一swam,tell一told,draw一drew,come一came,lose一lost,find一found,drink一drank,hurt一hurt,feel一felt四：动词现在分词详解动词的ing形式的构成规则：一般的直接在后面加上ing,如doing,going,working,singing,eating以e结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing，如having,writing双写最后一个字母的（此类动词极少）有：running,swimming,sitting,getting五：人称和数人称代词物主代词主格宾格第一人称单数I（我）memy（我的）复数we（我们）usour（我们的）第二人称单数you（你）youyour（你的）复数you（你们）youyour（你们的）第三人称单数he（他）himhis（他的）she（她）herher（她的）it（它）itits（它的）复数they（他们/她们/它们）themtheir（他们的/她们的/它们的）六：句型专项归类肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：I'mastudent.Sheisadoctor.Heworksinahospital.Therearefourfansinourclassroom.Hewilleatlunchat12:00.IwatchedTVyesterdayevening.2、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：I'mnotastudent.Sheisnot（isn't）adoctor.Hedoesnot（doesn't）workinahospital.Therearenot（aren't）fourfansinourclassroom.Hewillnot（won't）eatlunchat12:00.Ididnot（didn't）watchTVyesterdayevening.☆注意☆小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词“not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写成“isn't，aren't”，但amnot—般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一^助动词（do,does,did）,然后在它后面加上，not”，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don't,doesn't,didn't）。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而Qd”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用'did”。3、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用，yes”，^“no”来回答。如：Areyouastudent?Yes,Iam/No,I'mnot.Issheadoctor?Yes,sheis./No,sheisn't.Doesheworkinahospital?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.Aretherefourfansinourclassroom?Yes,thereare./No,therearen't.Areyougoingtobuyacomicbooktonight?Yes,Iam./No,No,Iamnot.（Yes,weare./No,wearen't.）Willheeatlunchat12:00?Yes,Iwill./No,Iwillnot(won't).Aretheyswimming?Yes,theyare./No,theyaren't.DidyouwatchTVyesterdayevening?Yes,Idid./No,Ididn't.☆注意☆小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一^助动词（do，does，did）再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而'did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用，did”。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词（助动词）和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。4、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词（what,where,who,which,when,whose,why,how等）开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用'yes、no”来回答。如：Whatisthis?It'sacomputer.Whatdoeshedo?He'sadoctor.Whereareyougoing?I'mgoingtoBeijing.Whoplayedfootballwithyouyesterdayafternoon?Mike.Whichseasondoyoulikebest?Summer.Whendoyouusuallygetup?Iusuallygetupat6:30.Whoseskirtisthis?It'sAmy's.Whydoyoulikespringbest?BecauseIcanplanttrees.Howareyou?I'mfine./I'mhappy.HowdidyougotoXinjiang?IwenttoXinjiangbytrain.☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如：howmany（多少（数量））,howmuch（多少（钱））,howtall（多高）,howlong（多长）,howbig（多大）,howheavy（多重）例句：Howmanypencilsdoyouhave?Ihavethreepencils.Howmanygirlscanyousee?Icanseefourgirls.Howmanydesksarethereinyourclassroom?Thereare51.☆小结：howmany用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配，Howmany+名词复数+doyouhave?你有多少……？Howmany+名词复数+canyousee?你能看见多少……？Howmany+名词复数+arethere...?有多少?七：完全、缩略形式:I'm=Iamhe's=heisshe's=sheisthey're=theyareyou're=youarethere's=thereisthey're=theyarecan't=cannotdon't=donotdoesn't=doesnotisn't=isnotaren't=arenotlet's=letuswon't=willnotI'll=Iwillwasn't=wasnot总结：通常情况下,'m即am,'s即is(但let's=letus),'re即are,n't即not(但can't=cannot)八：与字母相关的题型(注：五个元音字母是AaEeIiOoUu)写出下列字母的左邻右舍。1.()Hh()2.()Bb()3.()Ll()4.()Rr()5.()Qq()6.()Ww()用小写字母抄写下列单词。()()()()()()()()()()三.将全是元音字母的那一组圈起来1.ace2.ieo3.vuk4.euI5.JBI6.ETV7.EIO8.AUE写出与所给单词发音相同的字母(大小写)。()()()()()()Pep小学英语总复习单词归类表学习用品(schoolthings)pen钢笔pencil铅笔pencil-case铅笔盒ruler尺子bag包eraser橡皮comicbook漫画书schoolbag书包book书crayon蜡笔Chinesebook语文书notebook笔记本dictionary词典magazine杂志story-book故事书newspaper报纸sharpener卷笔postcard明信片Englishbook英语书mathbook数学书人体(body)foot脚head头face脸hair头发nose鼻子mouth嘴eye眼睛ear耳朵arm手臂hand手finger手指leg腿tail尾巴颜色(colours)red红blue蓝yellow黄green绿white白pink粉红purple紫orange橙brown棕black黑动物（animals）cat猫dog狗pig猪duck鸭rabbit兔horse马elephant大象fish鱼bird鸟eagle鹰snake蛇mouse老鼠ant蚂蚁beaver海狸bear熊donkey驴goose鹅deer鹿monkey猴goat山羊squirrel松鼠panda熊猫lion狮子tiger老虎fox狐狸zebra斑马hen母鸡giraffe长颈鹿turkey火鸡lamb小羊sheep绵羊cow奶牛squid鱿鱼lobster龙虾shark鲨鱼seal海豹spermwhale抹香鲸killerwhale虎鲸kangaroo袋鼠人物（people）friend朋友boy男孩girl女孩mother母亲father父亲sister姐妹brother兄弟uncle叔叔；舅舅man男人woman女人Mr.先生Miss小姐lady女士；小姐mom妈妈dad爸爸parents父母son儿子daughter女儿kid小孩baby婴儿grandparents祖父母grandma/grandmother（外）祖母robot机器人grandpa/grandfather（外）祖父aunt姑姑cousin堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹classmate同学queen女王visitor参观者neighbour邻居tourist旅行者principal校长universitystudent大学生penpal笔友people人物职业（jobs）teacher教师student学生doctor医生nurse护士driver司机farmer农民singer歌唱家writer作家actor男演员actress女演员artist画家engineer工程师accountant会计cleaner清洁工salesperson销售员baseballplayer棒球运动员assistant售货员police警察policeman（男）警察TVreporter电视台记者食品、饮料(food&drink)

rice米饭bread面包beef牛肉milk牛奶water水egg蛋fish鱼tofu豆腐cake蛋糕cookie曲奇biscuit饼干jam果酱noodles面条tea茶meat肉chicken鸡肉pork猪肉salad沙拉soup汤Coke可乐mutton羊肉ice冰ice-cream冰淇淋juice果汁coffee咖啡breakfast早餐lunch午餐dinner/supper晚餐meal一餐hotdog热狗hamburger汉堡包Frenchfries炸薯条vegetable蔬菜水果、蔬菜(fruit&vegetables)apple苹果banana香蕉pear梨watermelon水果、蔬菜(fruit&vegetables)apple苹果banana香蕉pear梨watermelon西瓜grape葡萄eggplant茄子greenbeans青豆tomato西红柿potato土豆peach桃strawberry草莓cucumber黄瓜onion洋葱carrot胡萝卜cabbage卷心菜orange橙子衣服（clothes）jacket夹克衫shirt衬衫jeans牛仔裤pants长裤coat上衣jacket夹克衫shirt衬衫jeans牛仔裤pants长裤coat上衣raincoat雨衣sandals凉鞋boots靴子socks袜子shoes鞋子sweater毛衣shorts短裤sneakers网球鞋slippers拖鞋hat（有沿的）帽子cap便帽sunglasses太阳镜tie领带scarf围巾gloves手套trousers裤子cloth布交通工具(vehicles)bike自行车bus公共汽车train火车boat小船ship轮船yacht快艇car小汽车taxi出租车jeep吉普车van小货车；面包车plane/airplane飞机subway/underground地铁motorcycle摩托车十一、杂物（otherthings）window窗户door门desk课桌chair椅子computer计算机board写字板fan风扇light灯teacher'scfieS台picture图画；照片wall墙壁floor地板curtain窗帘trashbin垃圾箱closet壁橱mirror镜子endtable床头柜present礼物walkman随身听lamp台灯sofa沙发football/soccer足球phone电话shelf书架fridge冰箱bed床table桌子TV电视air-conditioner空调key钥匙lock锁photo照片chart图表plate盘子knife刀fork叉spoon勺子chopsticks筷子pot锅gift礼物toy玩具doll洋娃娃bal1球balloon气球kite风筝jigsawpuzzle拼图游戏box盒子umbrella伞zipper拉链violin小提琴yo-yo溜溜球nest鸟窝hole洞tube管子toothbrush牙刷menu菜单e-card电子卡片email电子邮件trafficlight交通灯money钱medicine药十二、地点(locations)home家room房间bedroom卧室bathroom卫生间livingroom起居室kitchen厨房classroom教室school学校park公园library图书馆postoffice邮局policeoffice警察局hospital医院cinema电影院bookstore书店farm农场zoo动物园garden花园study书房playground操场canteen食堂teacher'sof教师办公室library图书馆gym体育馆washroom卫生间artroom绘画教室computerroom计算机教室musicroom音乐教室TVroom电视机房flat公寓company公司factory工厂fruitstand水果摊petshop宠物商店naturepark自然公园themepark主题公园sciencemuseum科学博物馆theGreatWall长城supermarket超市bank银行country国家village乡村city城市hometown家乡busstop公交车站十三、课程(classes)sports体育运动science科学MoralEducation思想品德课SocialStudies社会课Chinese语文math数学PE体育课English英语课十四、国家、城市(countries&cities)China/PRC中国America/USA美国UK联合王国England英国Canada/CAN加拿大Australia澳大利亚NewYork纽约London伦敦Sydney悉尼Moscow莫斯科Cairo开罗五、气象（weather）cold寒冷的warm温暖的cool凉爽的snowy下雪的sunny晴朗的hot炎热的rainy下雨的windy有风的cloudy多云的weatherreport天气预报十六、景物(nature)river河流lake湖泊stream河；溪forest森林path小道road公路house房子bridge桥building建筑物rain雨cloud云sun太阳mountain山sky天空rainbow彩虹wind风air空气moon月亮十七、植物(plants)flower花grass草tree树seed种子sprout苗plant植物rose玫瑰leaf叶子十八、星期(week)Monday星期一Tuesday星期二Wednesday星期三Thursday星期四Friday星期五Saturday星期六Sunday星期天weekend周末十九、月份(months)Jan.(January)—月Feb.(February)二月Mar.(March)三月April四月May五月June六月July七月Aug.(August)八月Sept.(September)九月Oct.(October)十月Nov.(November)月Dec.(December)十二月二十、季节(seasons)spring春summer夏fall/autumn秋winter冬二十—、方位(directions)south南north北east东west西left左边right右边二十二、患病(illness)haveafever发烧hurt疼痛haveacold感冒haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache头疼haveasorethroat喉咙疼二十三、数词(numbers)one—two二three三four四five五six六seven七eight八nine九ten十eleven十—twelve十二thirteen十三

fourteen十四fifteen十五sixteen十六seventeen十七eighteen十八nineteen十九twenty二十thirty三十forty四十fifty五十sixty六十seventy七十eighty八十ninety九十forty-two四十二hundred百one/ahundredandthirty-six—百三十六first第一second第二third第三fourth第四fifth第五eighth第八ninth第九twelfth第十二twentieth第二十thirtieth第三十fortieth第四十fiftieth第五十sixtieth第六十seventieth第七十eightieth第八十ninetieth第九十fifty-sixth第五十六二十四、形容词(adj.)short短的；矮的thin瘦的active积极活跃的strict严格的smart聪明的salty咸的sour酸的big大的small小的short短的；矮的thin瘦的active积极活跃的strict严格的smart聪明的salty咸的sour酸的quiet安静的nice好看的kind和蔼亲切的funny滑稽可笑的tasty好吃的sweet甜的fresh新鲜的favourite最喜爱的clean干净的tired疲劳的excited兴奋的angry生气的happy高兴的bored无聊的sad忧愁的taller更高的shorter更矮的stronger更强壮的older年龄更大的younger更年轻的bigger更大的heavier更重的longer更长的thinner更瘦的smaller更小的good好的fine好的great很好的heavy重的new新的fat胖的happy快乐的right对的hungry饥饿的cute逗人喜爱的little小的lovely可爱的beautiful漂亮的colourful色彩鲜艳的pretty漂亮的cheap便宜的expensive昂贵的juicy多汁的tender嫩的healthy健康的ill有病的helpful有帮助的high高的easy简单的proud骄傲的sick有病的better更好的higher更高的二十五、介词(prep.)in在里on在上；在时候under在下面near在……的旁边behind在……后边nextto与……相邻over在……上面Infrontof在……前面二十六、代词(pron.)I我we我们you你；你们he他she她it它they他(她，它)们my我的our我们的your你的；你们的his他的her她的二十七、动词(v.)play(.ed)玩；踢swim(swam)游泳skate滑冰fly(flew)飞jump跳walk走run(ran)跑climb爬fight(fought)打架swing(swung)荡eat(ate)吃sleep(slept)睡觉like像，喜欢have(had)有；吃turn转弯buy(bought)买take(took)买；带live居住teach(taught)教go(went)去study(studied)学习learn学习(learned)sing(sang)唱歌dance跳舞row划do(did)做dohomework做作业dohousework做家务watchTV看电视read(read)books读书cookthemeals做饭watertheflowers浇花sweep(swept)thefloor扫地cleanthebedroom打扫卧室make(made)thebed铺床set(set)thetable摆饭桌washtheclothes洗衣服dothedishes洗碗碟useacomputer使用计算机domorningexercises晨练；做广播操eatbreakfast吃早饭eatdinner吃晚饭gotoschool上学haveEnglishclass上英语课playsports进行体育运动get(got)up起床climbmountains爬山goshopping买东西playthepiano弹钢琴visitgrandparents看望(外)祖父母gohiking去远足flykites放风筝makeasnowman堆雪人planttrees种树draw(drew)pictures画画cookdinner做饭readabook看书