裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记-第33课

裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记

-第33

课Lesson

33 0ut

of

darkness

冲出黑暗Why

was

the

girl

in

hospital?Nearly

a

week

passed

before

the

girl

wasable

to

explain

what

had

happened

to

her.

Oneafternoon

she

set

out

from

the

coast

in

a

smallboat

and

was

caught

in

a

storm.

Towardsevening,

the

boat

struck

a

rock

and

the

girljumped

into

the

sea.

Then

she

swam

to

theshore

after

spending

the

whole

night

in

thewater.

During

that

time

she

covered

a

distanceof

eight

miles.

Early

next

morning,

she

saw

alight

ahead.

She

knew

she

was

near

the

shorebecause

the

light

was

high

up

on

the

cliffs.

Onarriving

at

the

shore,

the

girl

struggled

up

thecliff

towards

the

light

she

had

seen.

That

was

she

remembered.

When

she

woke

up

a

daylater,

she

found

herself

in

hospital.参考译文几乎过了一个星期，那姑娘才能讲述自己的遭遇。一天下午，她乘小船从海岸出发，遇上了风暴。天将黑时，小船撞在了一块礁石上，姑娘跳进了海里。她在海里游了整整一夜才游到岸边。在那段时间里，她游了

8

英里。第二天凌晨，她看到前方有灯光，知道自己已经接近岸边了，因为那灯光是在高高的峭壁上。到达岸边后，姑娘朝着她看到的灯光方向挣扎着往峭壁上爬去。她所记得的就是这些。第二天她醒来时，发现自己躺在医院里。【New

words

and

expressions】（12）1

darkness['dɑ:knis]

n. 7

shore

n.海岸黑暗 8

light[lait]

n.灯光2

explain

[ik'splein]

v.

9

ahead

[ə'hed]解释，叙述 ad.在前面3

coast

[kəust]

n.海岸 10

cliff[klif]

n.峭壁4

storm

[stɔ:m]

n.暴风 11雨 struggle['strʌgl]

v.5

towards[tə'wɔ:dz] 挣扎prep.接近 126

n.岩石，礁石

hospital['hɔspitl]n.医院一．单词讲解darkness

n．[u]黑暗，漆黑反义词

brightness

光明eg.

The

house

was

complete

darkness． 这个房子一片漆黑。dark [da:k]1)

adj．黑暗的，漆黑的(light)a

dark

street 黑暗的街道a

dark

night 黑漆漆的晚上2)深色的，暗色的dark

suit 深色的西服dark

hair 深色的头发3)阴暗的，忧郁的dark

expression

忧郁的表情4)不吉利的a

dark

sheep

in

his

family 害群之马a

dark

horse 黑马（竞赛中实力不明但被认为可能获胜的人）adj．+ness（名词后缀）

n．dark-darknesscareful---

carefulnessgood

----goodnesscareless----carelessnessexplain V．解释，叙述，辩解，辩护，成为

…的理由explain

sth

to

sb 对...解释…explain

+that/wh

从句 解释例:

Could

you

explain

that

question

once

again?你能再解释一下那个问题吗？The

manager

explained

to

the

customer

whythe

goods

were

late.经理对客人解释为什么货物晚了。A

week

later,

the

girl

was

able

to

explain

whathad

happened.一个星期后，这个女孩才能解释发生了什么。He

was

late.

He

explained

that

the

bus

hadbroken

down.他解释说，公共汽车拋锚了。How

do

you

explain

your

rude

behavior?你怎么辩解你粗鲁的行为？That

explains

her

sudden

anger./That

explains

why

she

got

angry

of

asudden.那就是她为什么突然生气的原因。explain

oneself

为自己的行为立场辩解explanation

n． [u]解释[C]解释的语言事实，情况He

resigned

without

explanation.他辞职没有做任何解释。Do

you

have

any

explanation

for

your

beinglater?对于你的迟到你要做任何解释吗？coast

neg.

We

live

on

the

coast． 我们住在海滨。shore

coast

范围小。海岸，海滩eg.

She

swam

to

the

shore．她游到岸边。beach shore

的倾斜部分，往往在涨潮时被漫过的bank

河岸（江河，溪流的）Tongue

twisterShe

sells

seashells

at

the

seashore.

And

theshells

she

sells

are

seashells,

I'

m

sure.Because

ifshe

sells

shells

at

the

seashore,

the

shells

shesells

are

seashells,

for

sure.因为一旦她在海滩上卖贝壳的话，那么她卖的贝壳一定是海贝壳。storm1)n．风暴，暴风雪（常用构成复合词）a

rainstorm 暴风雪a

snowstorm 暴雪a

dust

storm 尘暴a

sandstorm 沙暴a

thunderstorm 大雷雨brainstorm

群策群力．eg.

After

a

storm

comes

a

calm （谚）雨过天晴，．否极泰来。2)激动...a

storm

of

applause 暴雨般的鼓掌喝彩3)be

caught

in

a

storm

遭遇暴风雨be

caught

in

the

rain 淋雨eg.

A

storm

in

a

teacup.小事惹起的轩然大波小题大做，大惊小怪。4)

wind

风breeze 微风tornado 龙卷风cyclone 暴风，旋风gust 阵风gate 强风hurricane 飓风typhoon 台风storm 风暴rockl)n．岩石eg.

The

house

is

built

on

a

rock．岩石上面。climb

up

a

rock

爬上岩石2)pl．暗礁run

up

on

the

rocks 諱蒸3)rock

(candy) 冰糖（美）(sugar)

candy

(英)4)V．摇动，震动，晃动

这些房子被建在rock

a

baby

to

sleep/rock

a

baby

asleep 摇婴儿睡觉Our

boat

rocked

to

and

from

on

the

waves我们的船随波摆来摆去。Rock

your

body，everybody.摇动你的身体，晃动身体。5)V．使（某人）震惊例:

The

news

of

the

president'

s

death

rockedthe

company.总裁的去世震惊了整个公司rock

the

boat（团队中某个人）兴风作浪，捣乱rock

'n'

roll 摇滚乐20

世纪

50

年代由黑人音乐和西部乡村音乐混合而成light1)

n．光线，光亮the

light

of

the

sun 阳光the

light

of

the

lamp 灯光the

tight

of

the

fire 火光2)

n．光源，尤指电灯turn

on

the

light

打开灯turn

off

the

tight

关掉灯例:

From

the

TV

tower,

we

can

see

the

lights

ofBeijing.从电视塔上，我们可以看到北京的万家灯火。Keep

going;

the

lights

are

green． 继续开吧，是绿灯。A

sea

of

lights

and

a

river

of

cars,

have

younoticed

the

beautiful

night-scenes

in

Beijing?你看到灯的海洋和车的河流映衬的北京的夜景多么美了吗？3)n．火柴，打火机等的火eg.

Can

you

give

me

a

light? 能借个火吗？Put

a

light

to

sth 点火according

to

one'

s

lights 根据自己的判断能力bring

sth

to

light 揭露eg.

His

past

was

brought

to

light． 他的过去公布于众。in

(the)light

of

鉴于ahead1)

adj./adv.

（空间性的）在前面，向前反义词behindeg.

He

passed

me

and

ran

ahead． 他经过我身边又跑了。．The

tree

ahead

was

in

the

wav 前面的树挡了路。．She

saw

a

light

ahead． 她看见前面有灯光。May

I

use

your

dictionary? 我能借一下你的字典用吗？Go

ahead． 用吧。2)（时间性的）预先，事前think

ahead 事先考虑plan

ahead 实现计划eg.

Try

to

look

ahead

to

the

future． 事先计划一下将来。Our

team

is

ahead

by

three

runs． 我们队领先了三分。表语形容词asleep 睡着的 alike 相似的alone 独自的 alive 活着的ahead 前面的cliff n．悬崖，峭壁，绝壁 (pl．cliffs)stand

on

the

edge

of

a

cliff

站在悬崖边上precipice

绝壁，断崖stand

on

the

edge

of

precipice 濒临危机例:

The

country's

economy

was

on

the

edge

of

aprecipice.该国经济处于崩溃的边缘。struggle1)

v．斗争struggle

with

sb/fight

with

sb

和…打斗例:

The

landlord

struggled

with

the

thief.店主和小偷扭打在一起。struggle

for

sth 为…斗争，努力struggle

against

sth 反对…而斗争fight

for

freedom

/struggle

for

freedom为自由而战例:

The

people

are

struggling

for

freedom.人们为了自由而斗争着。Chinese

people

struggle

against

Japanese

foreight

years.中国人民同日本侵略者斗争了八年。2)v．挣扎，艰难的前进

make

one's

way

withdifficulty．eg.

She

struggled

up

the

cliff．她艰难的爬上悬崖。The

chick

finally

broke

through

the

shell

andstruggled

out.小鸡终于冲破蛋壳，挣扎出来了。3)

n．挣扎，手脚乱动，奋斗例: Don'

give

up

without

a

struggle.你不要没有努力就放弃。hospital

n．医院an

emergency

hospital 急诊医院go

into

(the)

hospital 住院/be

in

(the)

hospitalleave

(the)

hospital 出院住院，出院在美国英语要加

the，在英国英语中则通常不加the。易混淆的词hospitality n．[u]殷勤招待，厚待['h

spi'tæliti]give

hospitality

to

a

personshow

hospitality

to

a

person

款待（某人）二、关键句型

Key

structures表方向介词：to，from， into，out

of， for， towards，at等与动词的搭配问题。1.

phrases

with

to

and

fromfrom

door

to

door 挨家挨户from

cover

to

cover 从头读到尾from

beginning

to

end 从头到尾from

China

to

Peru 从中国到秘鲁（遍天下）from

hand

to

mouth 所挣的钱仅够糊口eg.

He

flew

to

Washington

last

night.

He

will

beflying from Washington to Chicago onWednesday.2.

phrases

with

into

and

out

of1)into:

entrance 进入in:

position 在...里在...地方2)

out

of:

exit 离开，出去例:

Where

is

Carol?She

has

just

gone

into

the

kitchen.Where

did

you

throw

that

piece

of

paper?I

threw

out

of

the

window.3.

phrases

with

forfor:

the

destination

for

journey

一个旅途的目的地eg.

We

set

out

for

the

village

at

six

o'

clock

nextmorning.我们第二天早上

6

点出发去那个村庄。George

has

left

for

Scotland.乔治己动身去苏格兰了。leave

somewhere

离开某地leave

for

somewhere

离开去某地4.

phrases

with

towardstowards:

direction

approaching

a

place

朝着eg.

The

car

came

towards

me． 车朝我开来了。She

swam

towards

the

shore．

她朝岸边游了过去。She

swam

to

the

shore． 她游到到了岸边。5.

phrases

with

atat

放某些动词后含有“不礼貌”“攻击性”的含义。eg.

She

threw

the

ball

to

me． 她把球扔给了我。The

boy

threw

a

stone

at

the

dog.这个男孩拿石头砸向了狗。Don'

shout

at

others． 不要对别人大喊大叫。

is

so

noisy

that

we

have

to

shout

to

eachother.这里太吵了，以至我们不得不喊着说话。

is

rude

to

point

at

people． 用手指着别人是不礼貌的。三、课文讲解

TextNearly

a

week

passed

before

the

girl

was

ableto

explain

what

had

happened

to

her.passedpass

v． 经过例:

He

passed

my

house

this

morning.他今天早上经过我的房子。pass

the

exam 考试及格fail

in

the

exam 考试不及格past1)

prep．经过eg.

He

walked

past

my

house．他经过我的房子。2)

adj．过去的例:

He

told

me

about

his

past

experience.他告诉我他过去的经历。3)

n．过去eg.

He

seems

to

live

in

the

past

．他似乎生活在过去里面。the

past

，the

present

and

the

future

过去，现在和将来be

able

tobe

able

to

与

can

区别：1)

be

able

to：可用于任何时态can:只可用于现在时或过去时(can/could)例:

I

will

be

able

to

open

the

lock

in

fiveminutes.我五分钟之内就能打开这个锁。He

hasn't

been

able

to

go

to

work

for

a

month.他已经一个月不能上班了。2)表经过努力而做成某事用was/were

able

to例:

The

plane

was

able

to

fly

over

the

mountainat

last.这架飞机最后终于飞过了大山。The girl was able to explain what hadhappened

to

her

at

last.最后这个女孩终于可以解释发生什么事情了。3)can:能够，有可能性做某事be

able

to：有能力，有办法做某事eg.

There

is

no

paper.

工

can，

write． 没有纸，我不可能写。The

child

is

not

yet

able

to

write.这个孩子还不会写字呢。One

afternoon

she

set

out

from

the

coast

in

asmall

boat

and

was

caught

in

a

storm.以时间为线索，随着时间推移展开故事。one

afternoon 天下午towards

evening 邻近黄昏的时候then 然后early

next

morning 第二天一大早when

she

woke

up

a

day

later

当她第二天醒来的时候Towards

evening,

she

boat

struck

a

rock

andthe

girl

jumped

into

the

sea，strike-

struck-struck

此处可换成

hitThen

she

swam

to

the

shore

after

spending

thewhole

night

in

the

water.During

that

time

she

covered

a

distance

ofeight

miles.cover1)

v （不用被动语态）eg.

How

far

can

we

cover

a

day? 我们一天能走多远呢？She

covered

1000

meters

in

less

than

4minutes.她不到

4

分钟就跑完了

IOOO

米。2)

v （此处可用被动）eg.

He

tried

to

cover

his

mistake． 他企图掩盖他的错误。Dust

covered

his

desk． 灰尘盖满了他的桌子His

desk

was

covered

with

dust. 他的桌子被盖满灰尘。hide 隐藏 conceal 隐瞒bury 埋葬 cover 覆盖Early

next

morning,

she

saw

a

light

ahead.next

morning区别

next

与

other：next: 下面的，接一下来的other： 另外的eg.

Early

next

morning

she

saw

a

light

ahead.第二天一大早她见前面有灯光。the

next

day

第二天例:

We

arrived

in

Paris

on

Tuesday

evening.

Thenext

day

we

went

sight

seeing.周共的晚上我们到巴黎，第二天我们去观光the

other

day

几天前/a

few

days

ago例:

I

saw

Mary

the

other

day.I

saw

Mary

a

few

days

ago． 前几天我看见玛丽了。She

knew

she

was

near

the

shore

because

thelight

was

high

up

on

the

cliffs

．On

arriving

atthe

shore,

the

girl

struggled

up

the

clifftowards

the

light

she

had

seen.On

arriving

at

相当于

as

soon

as

she

arrived

atthe

shore

on

doing

sth

一…就例:

On

hearing

the

news,

she

cried.一听见这个消息，她就哭了。On

seeing

the

girl, he

didn'

know

what

tosay.一看到这个女孩他就不知说什么好。注意：用

on

doing表“一就”，前提是动名词

doing

逻辑主语须与主句主语一致。That

was

she

remembered.

When

she

wokeup

a

day

later,

she

found

herself

in

hospital.she

found

herself

in

hospital.主 谓 宾 宾补eg.

I

find

myself

stupid． 我发现自己很笨。I

found

the

film

boring． 我发现这部电影很枯燥。I

found

him

dishonesty． 我发现他不诚实。We

found

him

a

liar． 我们发现他是个大骗子。He

is

finding

the

trip

very

exciting.他发现旅途非常刺激。总结文章中表方位的介词应用：1．set

out

from

the

coast

从海岸线出发2．jump

into

the

sea 跳进海里3．swim

to

the

shore 游到岸边4．towards

the

light 朝着灯光Special

Difficultiespast/passed

与

next/other

的练习：1.

I

tried

to

telephone

you

the

other

day.

Youmust

have

been

out.

(the

other

day/the

nextda