2019高考英语最后冲刺增分小题狂练④

资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：小题狂练④Ⅰ.完形填空[2019·武汉市毕业班训练]Mymomwasanurseandoftentookmealongtovisitthefamiliesshewascaringfor.Amongthemwasawomanwhohada(n)__1__diseaseandwasalwayslyingonthebed.Oneafternoon,mymomtoldmethatweneededto__2__thewomanatherhometo__3__treatment,andwewouldstopatastore__4__.Ithoughtwewouldstopata__5__store,butwepulleduptoa__6__.Mymomheadedtothemake­up__7__andboughtthemostexpensivebottleof__8__theyoffered.Shealsoboughta__9__nightdress.WhenIaskedmymomwhothesethingswerefor,shesaidtheywereforherpatient.Mymom__10__explainedthatalthoughthiswomanwasolderandunableto__11__herbed,shewasstillalady,andshe__12__dignityandbeauty.She__13__tomethatwhenwecareforsomeone,we__14__thedisabilityortheillnessandwelookintothe__15__ofthehumansowecanconnectwiththemwithsympathy.I__16__realizedthatmymom's__17__strengthswerecaringfortheveryyoungandtheveryold,thosewhocannot__18__themselvesandneedtrustworthycareproviders.Iknewin9thgradeIwouldbecomea__19__.Today,Iworkasaclinicalpsychologist,andI'mnot__20__thatIfindmypracticefilledwithpatientswhoareveryyoungandveryold.体裁：夹叙夹议文题材：人生感悟主题：了解病人的灵魂【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文主要讲述的是作者小时候和母亲一起去看望病人时，母亲对作者说了一些话以及母亲的这些话对作者的影响。【高频词回顾】deservevt.应受，应得1．A.commonB．seriousC．rareD．active答案与解析：B根据下文中的“wasalwayslyingonthebed”可知，其中有一位女士患了严重的(serious)病。2．A.studyB．searchC．persuadeD．visit答案与解析：D根据上文中的“Mymomwasanurseandoftentookmealongtovisitthefamiliesshewascaringfor”可知，母亲告诉作者他们需要去看望(visit)那位女士。3．A.helpwithB．respondtoC．requireD．get答案与解析：A根据上文中的“shewascaringfor”可知，母亲作为一名护士照顾病人，故此处表示“去帮助(helpwith)治疗”。4．A.allthewayB．theotherwayC．onthewayD．intheway答案与解析：C根据上文中的“atherhome”可知，作者和母亲一起去一位女病人的家里，所以此处应该是指在去的路上(ontheway)。5．A.fruitB．clothingC．drugD．specialty答案与解析：C上文说母亲是一名护士，在和作者一起去看病人，所以此处表示作者原以为母亲会到药(drug)店里。6．A.garageB．restaurantC．factoryD．supermarket答案与解析：D根据下文中的“Mymomheadedtothemake­up...nightdress”可知，作者他们去了一家超市(supermarket)。7．A.counterB．roomC．mirrorD．box答案与解析：A根据常识和下文中的“themostexpensivebottle”可知，作者的母亲朝化妆品柜台(counter)走去。8．A.wineB．perfumeC．juiceD．milk答案与解析：B根据空前的“themostexpensivebottle”和下文中的“dignityandbeauty”可知，作者的母亲购买了一瓶最昂贵的香水(perfume)。9．A.comfortableB．strangeC．usefulD．beautiful答案与解析：D根据下文中的“shewasstillalady”和“dignityandbeauty”可知，母亲也为她购买了一件漂亮的(beautiful)睡衣。10．A.furtherB．thusC．stillD．once答案与解析：A根据上文中的“WhenIaskedmymomwhothesethingswerefor,shesaidtheywereforherpatient”可知，此处母亲进一步(further)向作者解释。11．A.approachB．makeC．leaveD．touch答案与解析：C根据上文中的“andwasalwayslyingonthebed”可知，此处为这位女士不能离开(leave)她的床。12．A.managedB．deservedC．challengedD．requested答案与解析：B根据语境可知，虽然这位女士年纪大了，不能离开她的床，但她依然值得(拥有)(deserved)尊严和美丽。13．A.turnedB．reportedC．wroteD．explained答案与解析：D根据上文中的“Mymom__10__explainedthatalthoughthiswoman”可知，母亲向作者解释(explained)。14．A.lookforB．lookatC．lookupD．lookpast答案与解析：D此处表示“当我们关心一个人的时候，我们会忽略(lookpast)他的残疾或疾病，并且我们会深入了解他的灵魂(soul)”。15．A.courageB．futureC．soulD．development答案与解析：C参见上题解析。16．A.evenB．soonC．neverD．again答案与解析：B作者不久(soon)意识到母亲的最大(great)长处就是照顾那些非常年幼的和非常年老的人。17．A.greatB．financialC．physicalD．various答案与解析：A参见上题解析。18．A.prepareforB．leavebehindC．lookafterD．giveup答案与解析：C根据上文中的“fortheveryyoungandtheveryold”和下文中的“needtrustworthycareproviders”可知，这些人都是一些不能自理(lookafter)的人。19．A.writerB．doctorC．chemistD．patient答案与解析：B根据下文中的“Iworkasaclinicalpsychologist”和“mypracticefilledwithpatients”可知，九年级的时候作者就立志成为一名医生(doctor)。20．A.surprisedB．pleasedC．positiveD．silent答案与解析：A作者对自己在工作中面对非常年幼的和非常年老的病人不会感到惊奇(surprised)。Ⅱ.七选五[2019·山东师大附中模拟]Anewstudyonstudentsagingfrom6to22foundthatstudentsaresixtimesmorelikelytoexhibitdepressionsymptoms(症状)thanthegeneralpeople.ResearchersledbyTeresaEvans,aprofessorattheUniversityofTexasHealthScienceCenteratSanAntonio,surveyed2,279volunteersin26differentcountries.__21__Comparedwithpreviousresearchonnon­studentpopulations,studentsweremorelikelytoexperienceanxietyanddepression,ashasbeenshowninthisresearch.Approximately40%ofthevolunteersscoredmoderatetosevereforanxiety.Whilenearly40percentshowedsignsofmoderatetoseveredepression.Andfemalesappearedtobesufferingmoreseverely.__22__Itshouldserveasawake­upcallfortheattention.It'snothardtounderstandwhy.Ontheonehand,longhoursofstudy,socialisolation,andfeelingsoffailurecanbreakeventhemostmotivatedpersonsamongus.__23____24__Ofthestudentswhoexperiencedmoderatetosevereanxiety,56%didnotagreethattheirwork­lifebalancewas“good”.Amongstudentswithdepression,morethanhalfdidnotagree,soitseemsquitenecessaryorevenurgenttoteachstudentstolearntorestandseekentertainmentinthemeantimeoftheirtightstudy.Propermentorship(导师指导)isanotheraspectthatcanhaveapositiveeffectonastudent'smentalhealth.Amongthesurveyedstudentswithanxietyordepression,onlyhalfagreedthattheirimmediatementorsprovided“real”mentorship.__25__A．Mostofthemarestudents.B．70%ofthemwerefemaleand30%male.C．Onesolutionisimprovingthestudy­lifebalance.D．Thehighratesofanxietyanddepressionarealarming.E．Studentsfeelanxiousorevenstressedwiththemcombined.F．Alsolackofnecessaryinstructionsseemstomakethingsworse.G．Sobuildingupanimmediateassistance­providingsystemturnoutquiteurgent.体裁：说明文题材：饮食与健康主题：学生患抑郁症几率大的原因【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项针对6－22岁学生的新研究。研究对象为来自26个国家的2279名志愿者。研究表明学生患抑郁症的几率是一般人的六倍，并解释了原因及解决方法。【难句分析】Anewstudyonstudentsagingfrom6to22foundthatstudentsaresixtimesmorelikelytoexhibitdepressionsymptoms(症状)thanthegeneralpeople.(第一段第一句)分析：本句是主从复合句。that引导宾语从句，作found的宾语。译文：一项针对6到22岁的学生的新研究发现学生患抑郁症的几率是一般人的六倍。词汇积累：depressionn．抑郁；精神忧郁surveyv．调查previousadj.先前的21．答案与解析：B根据空格前的“surveyed2,279volunteersin26differentcountries”和第二段倒数第三句“Andfemalesappearedtobesufferingmoreseverely.”可推知，空格处应是介绍研究对象的组成形式，B项承上启下，符合语境，故选B项。22．答案与解析：D根据空格后的“Itshouldserveasawake­upcallfortheattention.”可知，它应该作为一种提醒人们注意的警告。D项“焦虑和抑郁的高发率令人担忧”与下文联系紧密，故选D项。23．答案与解析：F根据空格前“Ontheonehand,longhoursofstudy,socialisolation,andfeelingsoffailurecanbreakeventhemostmotivatedpersonsamongus.”可推知，空格处应是产生焦虑和抑郁的另一个原因。F项“此外，缺乏必要的指导似乎让事情变得更糟”承接上文，符合语境，故选F项。24．答案与解析：C根据空格后的“Ofthestudentswhoexperiencedmoderatetosevereanxiety,56%didnotagreethattheirwork­lifebalancewas‘good’．”可知，空格处应与“平衡”有关。C项“一种解决办法是改善学习与生活之间的平衡”与下文联系紧密，故选C项。25．答案与解析：G根据空格前的“Amongthesurveyedstudentswithanxietyordepression,onlyhalfagreedthattheirimmediatementorsprovided‘real’mentorship.”可知，在被调查的患有焦虑和抑郁的学生里，只有一半同意他们的直接导师提供“真正的”指导。G项“因此，建立一个即时的援助系统是非常紧急的”与上文联系紧密，符合语境，故选G项。Ⅲ.语法填空[2018·全国卷Ⅰ]Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears__26__(long)thannon­runners.Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong__27__(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof__28__(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever，thereviewsaysit__29__(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife__30__walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014__31__showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall__32__(cause)．Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise...it'sprobablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto__33__(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit'salways__34__(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive__35__atry.体裁：说明文题材：健康主题：跑步带来多种健康益处【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了跑步带来的多种健康益处。一本医学杂志上的评论及研究表明，跑步不仅使人长寿，而且可以降低死亡的风险。26．答案与解析：longer考查副词。句中有than，故用long的比较级longer。27．答案与解析：tosee考查非谓语动词。本句有谓语，因此此处应用非谓语动词；分析句子结构及句意可知，此处应用动词不定式tosee作目的状语。28．答案与解析：dying考查非谓语动词。短语reduceone'sriskof...“降低某人……的风险”，此处介词of后用动名词作宾语。29．答案与解析：is考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本文介绍了跑步的好处，通篇以一般现在时为主。本句中宾语从句与主句的时态应保持一致，故用一般现在时；宾语从句中的主语为it，故用is。30．答案与解析：than考查介词。根据句中的more可知，此处应用连词than引出比较对象。此处表示跑步比散步、骑行或游泳更能有效地延长寿命，故填than。31．答案与解析：that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为astudy，且定语从句中缺少主语，故填关系代词that/which。32．答案与解析：causes考查名词。此处cause是可数名词，意为“原因”，句中的all表示“所有”，后应用可数名词的复数形式，故填causes。33．答案与解析：strengthen考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故本空应填动词strengthen，意为“增强，加强”。34．答案与解析：energetic考查形容词。and连接两个并列分句，两个分句都表示跑步的特征，and前面的cheap和easy均为形容词，故此处应用形容词energetic作表语，意为“需要能量的；剧烈的”。35．答案与解析：it/running考查固定搭配。giveitatry为固定搭配，意为“试一试”，根据语境可知，it指代running，故可填it或running。Ⅳ.短文改错[2019·武汉训练]Thatnightwasextremelyhot,soIopenedallthewindowsanddoors.Gradually,Ifallasleep.ItsuddenlyrainedheavyinthemidnightandIfeltcold.ThenextmorningIwasill.Mothertookmetothehospital，butthedoctorsaidIhadafeverandthatImuststayinbedinacoupleofdays.Backathome,Itooksomemedicineandsoonfeltmuchwell.Feelingbored，Iwalkedtothebalconyandstoodtherewatchingpeoplecomeandgoinginthestreet.Thewindwascoolbeforetherain.InawhileIfeltsocoldmybodywastrembling.Iwasrushedtothehospitalagain.ThattimeIstayedthereuntilIwasfullyrecovered.答案：Thatnightwasextremelyhot,soIopenedallthewindowsanddoors.Gradually,Ieq\o(fall,\s\do10(①fell))asleep.Itsuddenlyrainedeq\o(heavy,\s\do10(②heavily))inthemidnightandIfeltcold.ThenextmorningIwasill.Mothertookmetotheho