人教版七年级下册英语8单元知识点总结与练习题

一、词汇拓展(1)turrl®;转动；转向一turning转弯处(2)cross横过；穿过facrosspref横.过；在对面fcrossingr十字路口enjoy谆受；喜爱fenjoymentn乐趣；愉快的事fenjoyablead快乐的；令人愉快的noise匸噪音；嘈杂声一noisyadj嘈杂的；吵闹的fnoisilyad吵闹地；嘈杂地(5)climbV爬fclimbern攀登者；登山者(6)freead自由的；闲着的；免费的ffreedomn自由(7)easyadj容.易的；简单的feasilyad容•易地；轻而易举地(8)quickad快的；迅速的fquicklyadv快地；迅速地二、短语(((((((1)postoffidi^(((((((5)freetim空闲时间7)tumleft/ri向左右转9)5)freetim空闲时间7)tumleft/ri向左右转9)goalong沿着走11)goacross横过；穿过13)gettc到达(6)freshai新鲜空气(8)tumleft/right在t.■…(地方)(10)godown顺着■往下走(12)goshopping去购物(14(15(16(17(18同(14(15(16(17(18)spendtime/weekends度过时光周末)enjoydoingst喜欢做某事)watchsh/sth,doings观•看某人某物在做某事)watchsb./sth.dos观•看某人物做某事(19)walkout走出去；步行外出(19)walkout走出去；步行外出(20)crossthestre横过街道=goacrossthestreet方面好，擅长于=dowellin(地方)远(23acrossfrom在对面(21)begoodat在…)next旁边；靠近同beside)betweenAandB)next旁边；靠近同beside)betweenAandB在A与B之间)infronto在.前面)onone's/theleft/r在ght某人的)左边右边)onschooldays在学校上课(29)atthecrossi在十字路口nearhere在附近(24(25(26(27(28(30)nearhere在附近(31)inli在一生中；在生活中intheneighborhood在附近，同nearhereNoproblem没问题；没什么；不用谢onthestreet/ro在街路上(35)Excuseme打扰一下(36)onweekends.在周末三、知识点spend动词，表示“花(时间、金钱)”spend^onsth(.名词)“在某事或某物上花费金钱或时间”spend…(indoingsth•“花费金钱或时间做某事”E.g.Iusuallyspendonehouronmyhomework.E.g.Iusuallyspendonehour(in)doingmyhomework.pay动词，表示“付钱；付费；付款”(过去式为pai)dpayfor物+“付钱买某物”E.g.Hepaidforthebookspay+戋+for+物“付多少钱买某物”

E.g.Hepaid200yuanforthebookspaysb.somemoneyforsth・cost花“费”通常以物作主语，某物花费某人多少时间或金钱。takeIttakessb・+间金钱todosth.Ittakesmethreehourstofinishmyhomeworkeveryday.四、知识点enjoyV表示“享受；喜爱”一enjoyablead表.示“高兴的”①enjoysth./sb!欢“某物某人”E.g.Doyouenjoythisbook?enjoydoingsth喜欢“做某事”E.g.Heenjoyslisteningtomusic.enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodti表示“玩得高兴”E.g.Doyouenjoyyourselftoday?havefun(in)doingsth.做某事很有乐趣”E.g.Wehavefun(in)learningandspeakingEnglish.五、知识点cross动词表示“横过；越过”=goacrossE.g.Hehastocrosstherivertoschool.across介词表示“横过；穿过”E.g.Hehastowalkacrosstherivertoschool.Through介词，表示“(从中间)穿过”E.g.gothroughtheforest/park注：across表示从一定范围的一边另一边，动作在物体表面进行。E.g.go/walkacrosstheroad/bridge/street六、知识点see/watch/hearsb.dos表•示“看见观看听见某人做某事”的全过程see/watch/hearsb.doings表示“看见观看听见某人正在做某事”E.g.Ilovetowatchthemonkeysclimbingaround.oftenhearsomegirlssingintheclassroom.七、知识点turn转“变，转身”turnleft/r向左/右转含有turn的短语：Turnon/of打开/关闭turnup/down调高调低Turn“变，变成”用作系动词，后接形容词作表语Thetreesturngreen.(3)用作名词“顺序，轮流”It'sone'sturntosth示.“轮到某人做某事”E.g.Itisourturntocleantheclassroom—taketurnstodos表示“轮流去做某事”Pleasetaketurnstotellstories.七、知识点Onthewayto地点表示“去…的路”E.g.Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?注意：home,here,thef是地点副词，表示到这几个地方去的时候，前面的介词要省略。八、知识点Therebe句型1.Therebe句型结构：Therebe+sb./sth•地点表示“在某地有某人或某物”E.g.Thereisabankintheneighborhood.Therebe句型的谓语动词be在人称和数上应以后面的第一个名词保持一致。▲如果后面的名词是可数名词单数或不可数名词，谓语动词用is.E.g.Thereissomesaladonthetable.▲如果后面的名词是可数名词复数，谓语动词用are.E.g.Therearesomestudentsintheclassroom.▲如果Therebe句型中有多个名词，be动词通常与第一个名词保持人称和数的一致。E.g.Thereisaboyandtwogirlsintheroom.Therearetwogirlsandaboyintheroom.Therebe句型的一般疑问句：将be动词提到句首。—Arethereanystudentsintheclassroom?肯定回答：Yes,thereis/ar否定回答：No,thereis'nt/aren't.Therebe句型的否定句：在be后加notE.g.ThereisapostofficenearheafFhereisn'tapostofficenearhear・Therebe句型的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词(组)+be+there其+他E.g.TherearethreepensinmyschoolbUg对划线部分进行提问).—Howmanypensarethereinyourschoolbag?【拓展】therebe和have都表示“有..，.”但有所区别：①含义不同。therebe结构表示的是“某地有某物人”，强调“存在关系”；have则表示“某人/某物所有”，强调“所属关系”。E.g.ThereisabusinourfactoryO.urfactoryhasabus②句型不同。therebe结构的句型为“Therebe某+物某人+某地”，否定句是把not放在be之后，疑问句是把be提到句首；have句型为“某人/某物+have/has某+物/某人”，否定句通常是在have前加don't(has前加doesn',t疑问句是在句首加do(第三人称单数加does)。g.Thereisn'tacatunderthechair.Shedoesn'thavetwobrothers.③用therei或therear还是用have或has均取决于句子的主语。但thereb句型里有两个或多个并列主语时，be习惯上和最靠近的那个在数上保持一致。g.Thereisabikeunderthetree.Therearesomebikesunderthetree.Thereisanappleandtwoorangesonthetable.Youhaveanewbook./Youhavesomenewbooks.Hehasanewbook./Hehavesomenewbooks.④当表示某物的构成和组成部分时，用therebe和have均可。E.g.Ourschoolhastwentyclasses.(=Therearetwentyclassesinourschool.)十、知识点表示地点方位的主要介词运用under“在下..面”Behind“在后..面”⑶Near“在…•附近”nearhere=intheneighborhoodnext俵示“在•旁边；靠近；紧挨着”，后接表地点的名词或代词。Thepayphoneisnexttothelibrary.【辨析】near也表示“在••旁边”，但与nextt有所区别：从空间上讲，near只表示“在•旁边；在••附近”而nextt有“紧挨着”之意；也就是说nextt比near靠的更近。acrossfrom意为“在的对面”，后面接表示地点的名词或代词。Weliveacrossfromthestreet.【辨析】between和amongbetween表示“在..中..间”，常与and连接，构成短语betweenand..，..指.在两者之间E.g.IsitbetweenLucyandLily.▲among也表示“在..中..间”，指在三者或三者以上的中间。Mybrotherisamongthoseboys.【辨析】infrontof/inthefro都表示“在•前面”infront指在物体外部的前面Thefront指在物体内部的前面Theteacher'sdeskisinthefrontoftheclassroom.一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Herbrothersenjoy__playing__(play)soccerafterclass.．Katespendsmuchtime__speaking__(speak)Englisheverymorning.．Rosecanfindthehotel__easily__(easy)withthehelpofthegirl.．Youshouldturnrightatthesecond__crossing__(c．ross)．Thechildrenlovetowatchmonkeys__climbing__(climb)trees.Myuncleoftenworkslatebecausehehasalotofworkto．do(do)Afterschoolheoftenoes(go)shoppinginthesupermarketDoesyoursisterlikereading(read)inherspareti业余时间)?Theyhavefunwalking__(walk)inthepark・Thanks(thank)forhelpingme二、单项选择(B)1.Youmustrideyourbiketherightsideoftheroad.AmatBmonCminmDfor(A)2.TherearealotofpeopleandcarsonNewStreet.It'sastreetAmbusyBmsmallCmbigDmdirty(D)3.—Peter，arethesepicturesyours?Yes.Ispendtwohourseveryday.(C)4.Idon'thavemuchtimeonschooldays.AmcleanmBeasyCmfreemDcute(A)5.—Walkthisstree，tandturnmYoucanseethesupermarket.Thankyou.Amalong；leftBmalong；theleftCmto；leftDmto；theleft(D)6.Howmuchdoyouthebook?(B)7.—Whois___manwithamonkeyoverthere?一Oh,heismyuncle.Heisacroba杂技演员)・Amthe；aBmthe；anCma；anDma；a(B)8.一Doyouenjoycomputergamesonweekends?一Yes，Ido.A．playB．playingC．toplayD．plays(B)9.Theresomemilkinthebox.A．hasB．isC．areD．have(A)10.—Paul，isthereapostofficenearourschool?—．It'sjustnexttothesupermarket.A．Yes，thereis．BYes，itisC．No，thereisn't．DYes，theyare(A)11.—What'sinthebox?A．Therearesomeapplesini．tTBheyareapplesC．ItisanapplDe．Thisisanapple(C)12.—Isthereapayphoneintheneighborhood?—Yes，it'sCenterStreettheright.A．from；onB．on；atC．on；onD．on；in(C)13.—DoyouknowthestudentDavidandJack?—Yeah.It'sJim.A．amongB．inC．betweenD．around(A)14.thejobin10da，yswehavetoworkdayangnightA．TofinishB．FinishC．FinishingD．Isfinishing(C)15.—Whereisthebank?A．It'sblack．BIt'sinteresti．ngICt'snexttothepa．rkItD'sgreat(C)16.Istherea___nearhe？reIwanttoeatriceandchicken.A．policestation．BParkC．restaurant．Dzoo17.—Isthejuice？_—Yes，youdon'tneedtopayforit.A．free．BhealthyC．delicious．Dcold(B)18.Theworkisnotdifficult.Icanfinishit.19.—Jimalwaystoomuchtimeoncomputergames.—That'stoobad.20.Ienjoyintherivernearmyhouseinsummer.A．swimB．SwimmingC．toswimmingD．toswim21.Iliketowatchmysister.A．todrawB．drawingC．todrawingD．draws(B)22.toschoolontim，eJackieupearlyeverymorningA．Getting；getsB．Toget；getsC．Getting；getD．Toget；get(D)24.Signtellsusthatwehavetoturnleft(B)25.—Arethereanybooksonthedesk?—.ButtherearesomeCDs.A．Yes，thereareB．No，therearen'tC．Yes，theyare．DNo，thereisn't(B)26.—isthepostoffice?—It'snexttothehospital.A．HowB．WhereC．WhatD．When(A)27.Thereasmallpostofficeandsomebookstoresintheschool.A．isB．areC．amD．be28.—？—Well，I'mnewhere.Isthereaparkaroundhere?C．HowcanIhelpyouD．Whereareyoufrom29.—Thankyousomuch.A．That'srightB．GoodluckC．NoproblemD．Soundsgrea(B)30.Juststraightandturnright.A.goingB.goC.togoD.goes三、完形填空。从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。MynameisDavid.I__16__inabigcitywithmyparents.Myhomeisonthesixth__17__ofatallbuil建筑物)It'sabeautifulbuilding.It__18__14floors.It'sona__19__street.Therearealotofcarsandpeoplethere.Andthestreetisvery__20__，soIdon'tlikeit.Buttherearealotof__21__tohavefun.Wecan__22__gamesinthepark.Andwecantakea__23_inthegarden(花园)・SometimesIreadbooksinthe__24__．It'sreallyquiet.Ienjoyreadingthere.Doyoulikeourne？igIhfboyrohuoodlike，__25__tomyhome.It'sonGreenStreet.(B)16.A.take・Blive・ChaveD・go(C)17.A.street・BparkC・floorD・house(D)18.A.is・BhaveC・areD・has(A)19.A.busyB・newC・oldD・quiet(B)20・A・cleanB．dirty．Cbig．Dgood(C)21・A・gardensB．parksC．placesD．restaurants(D)22・A・makeB．takeC．doD．play(A)23・A・walkB．car．CbusD．bike(C)24・A・bankB．restaurant．Clibrary．Dhotel(A)