人教八年级下Unit5知识点总结

八年级下Unit5知识清单SectionA重点短语:gooff发出响声missthebus错过公交车pickup接电话aheavyrainstorm一场猛烈的暴风雨atthattimeof在...的时候withnolightoutside外面没有-点光亮inthearea在这片地区beinamess乱七八糟playacardgame玩场纸牌游戏joinsb.todosth.加入某人做某事intimesofdifficulty=duringdifficulttimes在困难的时候fallasleep睡着了（非延续性）rainheavily雨下地很大beinbadshapefromhittingatree由于撞上树而变形（beinbadshape情况很糟）theplaceoftheaccident事发地点gooff发出声响;离开:变质句型:Manypeoplewerecaughtintherain很多人都被雨麻了。（becaught被动语态）Withnolightoutside,itfeltlikemidnight.外面没有光，感觉像是在午夜。（with引导伴随状语前置）语法点讲解:Hewasreadinginthelibrarywhentherainstormcame.ChildrenwereplayinggameswhileLindawassleeping□过去进行时（PastProgressiveTense）定义:表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外，一般用时间状语来表示。构成:was\were+v-ingIwastakingashowerat8lastnight.Hewasreadinginthelibrarywhentherainstormcame.JennywashelpingMarywithherhomeworkwhileLindawassleeping.□when和while在过去进行时态当中的区别while引导的时间状语从句，其谓语动词只能是延续的如work,watch,study...而When其后既可跟延续性动词，也可跟非延续性动词，如come,go.while后常引导过去进行时态，when后面常引导一般过去时。JustinwascookingwhenTinacamein.JustinwascookingwhenTinawaswatching“You,fromthestar”.JustinwascookingwhileTinawaswatching“You,fromthestar”.Thestormbroughtpeopleclosertogether.（close在此做adv,紧密地）closevt关闭Pleaseclosethedoor.多用于祈使句adj靠近的:亲密的Ourschoolisclosetothebusstation.adv.靠近地:紧密地ComeclosersothatIcanseeyouclearly.SheheldTomclosewithtears.ThenewsonTVreportedthataheavyrainstormwasinthearea.reportn;vt报道;通报n.reporter记者.reportsth.\sth.tosb.\that（跟宾语从句）句型:itisreportedthat据报道.It'sreportedthatTinahaswonthefirstprizeinthecompetition.类似句型还有It'ssaid\believed'announcedthat.据说\据相信\据宣称....（被动用法）ItissaidthatMH370haslandedsafelyonalonelyisland.Ben'sdadwasputtingpiecesofwoodoverthewindow.overprep上面，注意同on和above区别above“在之上.".表示位置之。只是笼统的说“在之上”，并不定会有“在之上”其反义词为beloweg.Hisofficeisaboveours.over和above不同，表示垂直向上。比较精确，其反义词为undereg.Thebridgeisovertheriver.on“在.之上”，物体与物体表面相接触，一件东西在另一件之上。eg.Thereisabookonthedesk.TherainbegantobeatheavilyagainstthewindowsAgainstprep反对;倚;撞weshouldfightagainsttheterrorism（恐怖主义）我们应该为反对恐怖主义而斗争!Putthepianothere,againstthewall.Itwashardtohavefunwithaseriousstormhappeningoutside.with+n+prep.\V-ing\V-ed\todowith+n+prep.With跟介词作宾补，表伴随，某状态的群在。Justincameintotheclassroomwithtwohandsinthepockets.贾斯汀抄着两只手走进了教室yWith+宾语+V-ingWith跟现在分词作宾补，表伴随，某动作正在发生，Withabirdflyingintotheclassroom,everyonebegantotalk.With+宾语+V-edWith跟过去分词作宾补，表伴随，某动作已经被完成。Withtheprojectfinished,Tomfeltsoexcited.With+宾语+todoWith跟动词不定式todo作宾补，表伴随，某动作将要发生。Withlotsofworktodo,Jeffhasnotimetoplaycomputergames.Hefinallyfellasleepwhenthewindwasdyingdownfall--fell-fallenfallasleep睡着了fall作为连系动词，后跟adj,表示种状态。另如fallill\silent生病了\沉默了。Tomhasfallenillfornearly2weeks.diedies-dying-died-dieddead（adj）death（n）diedown逐渐减弱逐渐消失Thefirefinallydieddown.Wehopethatthestormwilldiedownbeforewegooutsailing.我们希望在我们出海之前，暴风雨会减弱。die的相关短语还有dieof死于（内因）Hediedofthirst（口渴）他渴死了。diefrom死于（外因）Hediedfromacaraccident.dieout灭绝Lotsofanimalshavenearlydiedoutbecauseofthepollution.Whenhewokeup,thesunwasrising.Rise和raise的区别。两者都表举起:升起;提升。但rise是不及物动词，表示自已升起:不能接宾语;raise是及物动词表示由外力托起或举起，必须跟宾语。Pleaseraiseyourhandsupwhenyougottherightanswer.Smokewasrisingslowlyfromthevillage烟从村落里慢慢升起。Thestormbrokemanythingsapart.apart作adv.相隔;相聚;分升;分离。Theirbirthdaysareonly3daysapart.他们生日仅隔3天。We'relivingapartnow.我们现在不住在一起了。短语:apartfrom作prep除了..以外I'vefinishedapartfromthelastquestion.除了最后一道题，我全做完了。Icalledagainateightandyoudidn'tanswertheneither.1）:either用作副词，用于否定句作“也”解释，通常置于句权。如：Idon'tliketheredshirtandIdon'tlikethegreenoneeither.我不喜欢这件红衬衫，也不喜欢这件绿衬衫。2）.either用作代词，意为“（两者之中）任一、任何一个”。在句中可作主语（此时句中谓语动词用单数）、宾语、表语和定语（作定语时，有的词典把它称为形容词;either作定语时，只能修饰单数名词。）如:Either（ofthebooks）ispopularwiththestudents.Fallentrees,brokenwindowsandrubbish.wereeverywhere.fallen和broken既是动词的过去分词，自身又可以做形容词。意思为，fallen堕落的:落下来的:落的。broken破碎的，坏掉的。

像这样的词还有:alostboy;afrightenedgirl,boiledwater,friedchicken;SectionB短语gotoanevent去参加活动bythesideofgotoanevent去参加活动bythesideof在的一边walkby路过beginsthwithsth以开头makeone'swayto赶往某地，ontheradio广播中therestof剩余的joinsb.todo加入某人做某事pointout指出，指明;使注意到前往某地goaway离开;消失callout大喊;出动;召集insilence沉默地，一言不发地TheWorldTradeCenter世贸大楼takedown摧毁morerecently最近has/havemeaningtosb对某人来说有意义=meansomethingtosb对某人来说有意义thesixthgrade=GradeSixjointhepianocompetition参加钢琴俱乐部havemeaningtomostAmericans对大部分的美国人都有意义playthesongwithoutanymistakes毫无错误的弹奏曲目aschoolpupil小学生What'sthereasonwhyyouwerelate?whyyouwerelate作thereason的定语Onthisday,Dr.MartinLutherKingwaskilled.waskilled意为“被杀害”，be+动词的过去分词构成被动语态。Althoughsomepeoplemaynotrememberwhokilledhim,theyrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheyheardthenews.although引导的让步状语从句。从句中，who引导宾语从句作remember的宾语:主句中，what引导的宾语从句作remember的宾语。ThiswasadayKateSmithwillneverforget.该句是定语从句，KateSmithwillneverforget作为day的定语，day之后省掉了连接词。September11,2001--thedatealonemeanssomethingtomostpeopleintheUS.thedatealone意为“仅仅是这个日期”，是September11,2001的同位语。语法点讲解:eventCn.事件区别thingCn.事情；东西;物品gotoaneventahistoricevent历史事件TheeventofMalaysiaAirlineFlightMH370madeusfeelsoupset.Mpletelyadv.完全地，彻底地:完整地Hpleteadj完全的，彻底的;完整的WhenIgothome,Ifoundthehousewasinacompletemess.WhenIgothome,Ifoundthehousewascompletelyinamess..be+shocked被震惊子shockv.使…震惊IamsorryIdidn'tmeantoshockyou.shockedadj.惊讶的，错愕的（程度大于surprised）ashockedexpression惊讶的表情shockingadj令人气愤的，令人震惊的ashockingaccident令人震惊的事故TheshockingaccidenthappenedinKunmingRailwayStationisstillininvestigation.silencen.沉默insilence默默地=silentlyMomsufferedfromthemiserablelifeinsilence.妈妈默默的承受着这悲哀的生活insurprise惊讶地=surprisedlyinexcitement兴奋地=excitedlytakedown摧毁;记下，写下;拿下takedownthebuildings推倒建筑takedownthepicturesfromthewall把画从墙上取下来takedownthenotes记下笔记pointout指出;说明;使注意到动副结构:pointitout:Theguid