2023届吉林省四平高考英语二模试卷含解析

2023高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Thenewsshockedthepublic，______togreatconcernaboutstudents'safetyatschool.A．havingled B．ledC．leading D．tolead2．Thehealthofgardenplantsdependsonthesoil_____--theproperbalanceofmineralpieces,organicmatter,airandwater.A．constructionB．conservationC．corporationD．composition.3．IthinkAna______herpackingsinceshestartedgettingthingsreadyearlythismorning.A．finishesB．hasfinishedC．hadfinishedD．wouldfinish4．－DidTomgobacklatelastnight?—No.Itwasjustnineo'clockhearrivedhome.A．whenB．afterC．untilD．that5．—Whydoesheweararaincoatonsunnydays?—NordoIunderstand.Heis________.A．awetblanket B．alazyboneC．ablacksheep D．anoddfish6．Thedaysaregonephysicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving．A．that B．whenC．where D．which7．---I’llsendyouthesignedcontractpersonallythistimetomorrow.---Sorry,I______ameetingthen.A．amattending B．attendedC．haveattended D．willbeattending8．Dayslater,mybrothercalledtosayhewasallright,but_______saywherehewas.A．mustn’t B．shouldn’t C．wouldn’t D．mightn’t9．WethesunshineinSanyanowifitwerenotforthedelayofourflight.A．wereenjoying B．wouldhaveenjoyedC．wouldbeenjoying D．willenjoy10．----Whathappenedtotheyoungtreesweplantedlastweek？---Thetrees_____________well，butIdidn'twaterthem.A．mightgrow B．needn'thavegrownC．wouldgrow D．wouldhavegrown11．ThenewlocallawinNanjingsaysparentsnotphysicallyharmyoungchildrenorexposethemtolong­termhungerasapunishment.A．can B．shallC．will D．need12．—Ineedtoadvertiseforaroommatefornextterm.—________？Maryisinterested.A．Whybother B．WhynotC．Sowhat D．Whatfor13．—Doyouthinkheistheonlypersonforthejob?—I’mnotquitesurebuthe’llprove_______tothetask.A．equal B．essentialC．special D．superior14．DreamoftheRedChamberisbelievedtobesemi-autobiographical,_______thefortunesofCao’sownfamily.A．mirroredB．tomirrorC．mirroringD．mirror15．Forthefinal______ofourjourney，wedecidedtotakethecoach.A．legB．roundC．distanceD．path16．Teachingasacareeristomanypeopleowingtothelongholidays.A．popular B．familiarC．attractive D．fantastic17．Theywillrunanafter-classclub__________kidscanhavefunandlearnhowtoprotectthemselves.A．that B．when C．where D．what18．Whenfacedwithabigchallenge________potentialfailureseemstohideateverycorner,maybeyou'veheardthisadvicebefore:“Bemoreconfident.”A．where B．whose C．which D．ofwhich19．I'mcallingtoenquireabouttheposition__________inyesterday'sChinaDaily.A．advertised B．tobeadvertised C．advertising D．havingadvertised20．Thewriterwasso________inherworkthatshedidn’tnoticehimentertheroom.A．abandoned B．focused C．absorbed D．centered第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Brainimagingwasoncethoughttobetoocostlyanddifficultforwidespreaduseinthedevelopingworld.Butthetechnologysoonmaybeavailableinpoorcountries.Brainimagingcreatespicturesofbrainactivity.Itusesinfraredlightsimilartothelightproducedbyatelevisionremotecontrol.Brainimagingcanidentifythefirstsignsofcognitive(认知的)delays,mentalproblems,innewbornsandyoungchildren.Suchchildrencouldbesufferingfromapoordiet.Thetechnologyhasalongname——functionalnear-infraredspectroscopy,orf-N-I-R-S.Itinvolvesplacinganextremelysmall,softhelmetaroundababy'shead.Infraredlightissentthroughtheboneprotectingthebrain.Ithelpstoshowwhetherbabiesaredevelopingnormallyfortheirage.f-N-I-R-Sisconsideredsaferthanotherimagingmethods,includingMRIorPETscan.Anditalsocanbeeasilymoved.Thebrainscannerequipmentcanbeloadedintoavehicle.Healthworkerscandriveitfromvillagetovillage.ClareElwellisaprofessorofmedicalphysicsatUniversityCollegeLondon.Shehelpeddeveloptherelativelylow-cost,non-aggressiveimagingtechnology.Shesaysthedevicemeasuresoxygeninthebloodtolearnhowbabies’brainsaredeveloping.“Andasyouusedifferentareasofyourbrain,youdirectoxygentothosedifferentbrainareas.Andsoifwelookatthechangeinthedistributionoftheoxygeninyourbrain,wecanworkouthowactiveyourbrainisandwhatyourbrainisactuallyprocessing.”ClareElwellledastudyofthetestingmethodinruralGambia.Thebabiesinvolvedwerebetweenfourandeightmonthsold.Theywereexaminedthreetimesover15months.Researchersnotedthebabies1reactionstodifferentimagesandsounds.ShesayspoornutritionandchildhooddiseasesthreatentheAfricanchildren.Shesaysthegoalistoidentifybabiesneedingtobebetterfedortreatedforhealthproblemsthatcanharmbraindevelopment.1、Whatdoweknowaboutthef-N-I-R-S?A．Itmeasuresoxygeninthebodytolearnhowbrainsaredeveloping.B．Itcanonlybeusedinnewbornsandyoungchildren.C．Itisnotonlyrelativelycheapbutalsoconvenient.D．Itisjustlikeasofthelmetaroundababy’shead.2、What’sthemainsolutiontothediseasesinbraininthecountrieslikeGambia?A．Toguaranteetheiradequatemedicine.B．Todevelopeconomy.C．Tooffertheirpropereducation.D．Toinsuretheycangetgoodnutrition.3、WhydidClareElwellleadthestudyof(hetestingmethodinGambia?A．Becauseshewasbornthere.B．Becauseshewasavolunteerdoctorthere.C．Becauseshewantedtocurethechildrenthereoftheirbraindiseases.D．Becauseshewantedtoknowifpoornutritionresultedinbrainproblems.4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．BrainImagingEntersAfricaB．PoorNutritionOnlyLedtoMentalProblemsC．f-N-I-R-S,ANewImagingMethodD．PoorCountriesCanAllUsef-N-I-R-SNow22．（8分）Manykidshelpoutaroundthehousewithchoressuchasemptyingthedishwasher,puttinglaundryaway,andtakingoutthetrash.Inexchange,somekidsgetallowancesorotherrewardssuchasextracomputertime.Butsomepeopledonotthinkthatkidsshouldgetrewardsfordoingchores.SusieWalton,aparentingeducatorandfamilycoach,believesthatbyrewardingkids,parentsaresendingamessagethatworkisn’tworthdoingunlessyougetsomethinginreturn.’’Runninganykindofhouseholdisateameffort,Susiesaid."Ahomeisalivingspaceforeveryoneinthefamily.It’simportantforkidstoseethatweallhaveresponsibilitiesinthehouse,andthatfamiliesdecidetogetherhowtheywanttheirhometolook,andhowtheyaregoingtokeepitlookinglikeeveryonewantsittolook.”Otherpeoplebelievethatgettingacashallowanceorotherrewardsmotivateskidstodochores,anditalsoteachesthemrealworldlessonsabouthowweneedtoworktoearnmoney.Therearealsonewapplicationsthatgivekidspointsanddigitalgiftsthatcanberedeemed(兑取)eitheronlineorintherealworld.WiththeChoreMonsterapp,kidsearndigitalpointsbycompletingchoresthattheycanturninforreal-liferewardssuchasextraXboxtimeoratriptothemall.“Ourgoalistoencouragekidstoearnrewards,’’saysChrisBergman,founderofChoreMonster.“Kidsneedpositivereinforcementtohelpmotivatethem."Whatdoyouthink?Shouldkidsberewardedfordoingchores?Orshouldkidshelpoutaroundtheirhomeswithoutgettinganythinginreturn?Writea200-wordresponse.Sendittotfkasks4you@.YourresponsemaybepublishedinafutureissueofTimeForKids.Pleaseincludeyourgradeandcontactinformationofyourparentorteacherifyouwantyourresponsetobepublished.ThedeadlineforrespondingisFebruary18.1、Howdoestheauthorstartthepassage?A．Bypresentingsomefacts.B．Bylistingsomeevidence.C．Bycomparingdifferentviews.D．Bystatinghisownexperiences.2、AccordingtoSusieWalton,.A．kidsshouldberewardedfordoingchoresB．parentsdecidewhatkidscandoforthefamilyC．kidshavetheresponsibilitytosharehouseworkD．kidscangetextracomputertimefordoingchores3、Paragraph3ismainlyabout.A．ChrisBergman’sopiniononraisingkidsB．mainreasonswhykidsneedencouragementC．howtomotivatekidstotrynewapplicationsD．theadvantageofrewardingkidsfordoingchores4、Thepurposeofwritingthetextisto.A．invitereaderstoexpresstheiropinionsB．informreadersoftwodifferentopinionsC．callonreaderstoreflectontheirbehaviorD．presenttheauthor'sviewpointaboutparenting23．（8分）Forhoursaftertheirboatsank,KenHendersonandCoentrod(踏)waterintheGulfofMexico,talkingaboutlifeanddeathwhilestrugglingtosurvive.Formorethan30hours,itworked.ThenHendersonwasforcedtomakeadecision.“I’mgoingtogoforhelporyou’renotgoingtomakeit,”HendersontoldCoen,justbeforecuttingthestrap(带子)thatconnectedtheminthedeep,coldwaters.“Iunderstand,”Coenresponded,givingHendersonalastsetofinstructions,“Kissmybabiesforme.”Daysafterthefishingtripendedintragedy,HendersontoldthestoryforTheAssociatedPress.TheyhadbeenfishingforafewhourswhensuddenlyCoennoticedtheboatwasfillingwithwater.Hendersongotbothmotorsroaring,onlytohavethesaltwaterthathadleakedinbreakthemstraightaway…Coenjumpedtotheright,hissunglassesandcapflyingoff.Thetwograbbedextralifejacketsandotherfloatingitems,includingahalffullbottleofDietCoke.“Thewaterwassocoldandittookyourbreathaway,”Hendersonsaid.Theyimmediatelybegantotremble.Thepairpreparedforalongwait.Andtheytalked.“Wediscussedthingsanddiscussedlife.Wediscussedfamilies.Wejusttriedtokeepoccupied,”Hendersonsaid.EventuallyCoenstartedhallucinating(有幻觉).HendersontriedtokeepCoen’sarmsandlegsmoving.Butasmorningcame,Coen’ssituationworsened.AndsoHendersondecidedtocutthestrap.Heswamfortwohours,tired,frustratedanddepressed.Thenhesawanoilrig(钻探平台)inthedistance.Heswam,seeingiceandcrystaltreesinthewater.Heremindedhimselfconstantlytherewerenotrees.Hislegswassoweakthathecouldbarelyliftthem.Hendersonslowlypulledhimselfuptherig’sladder.Itwasover50milesfromwheretheyhadgoneinthewater.AllhecouldthinkofwasCoen.Convincedhisfriendwouldsurvive,hetoldthecoastguardwheretheyhadparted.Twohourslater,afishermanfoundabodyinalifejacket.Later,inthehospital,Hendersonsawhisfriend.Heapologizedandaskedforforgiveness.Hepromisedtorealizehiswishesandlookafterhisgirls.“Ifeltlikeapartofmehaddiedoutthere,”Hendersonsaid.1、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?A．ItwasHendersonwhofirstnoticedsomethingwaswrongwiththeboat.B．Everythingthemendidtogettheboattoworkmademattersworse.C．Hendersonalonedidwhathecouldbutithadlittleeffect.D．Themen’slongdiscussionaboutlifeanddeathfilledthemwithsadness.2、AfterHendersoncutthestrapandswamaway,.A．heregrettedhisdecisiontoleavehisfriendB．heknewhehadagoodchanceofbeingsavedC．hehadtofightagainstexhaustionandhallucinationsD．hegotencouragedbyrememberingthetalkwithCoen3、Whatcanweconcludefromthearticle?A．Hendersontriedtorescuebothofthem.B．Theykepttalkingbecausetheyfeltexcited.C．Coenwouldhavesurvivedifhehadbelievedinhisfriend.D．Coenwasunwillingtobeleftalonebutheeventuallyagreed.4、WhatkindofpersonisHenderson?A．Strong-willedandloyal.B．Selfishbutdecisive.C．Smartandcreative.D．Experiencedbutindifferent.24．（8分）AndthentherewerenineThepasttwodecadeshaveseenastronomers’catalogueofplanetsexpandovertwohundredtimes,asnewtechniquesandbettertelescopeshavefoundmorethan2,000ofthemorbitingstarsotherthanthesun.Butinthesolarsystemitself,thelistofplanetshasactuallyshrunk,Pluto（冥王星）havingbeendowngradedfromthatstatusin2006.Thenumberofthesun’splanetarycompanionshasthusfallenfromninetoeight.Now,apairofastronomersfromtheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologythinktheyhaveevidencethatwillrestorethesun’srecordtoitspreviousvalue.TheiranalysisofobjectsorbitingintheKuiperBelt（柯伊伯带）,aringoffrozenasteroids（小行星）thatcirclebeyondtheorbitofNeptune(andofwhichPlutoisnowregardedasthelargestmember),suggeststothemthatsomethingabouttentimesasmassiveasEarthhaschangedthoseorbits.Ifyouknewwheretolook,thisplanet-sizedobjectwouldbevisiblethroughasuitabletelescope.AndKonstaninBatyginandMichaelBrownbelievetheydoknow.AstheywriteintheAstronomicaljournal,theyhaveanalyzedtheorbitsofKuiperBeltobjectsandfoundsixthatbehaveinapeculiarway.Asthediagramshows,thepointsofclosestapproachoftheseobjectstothesun,knownastheirperihelia（近日点）,almostcoincide.Moreover,theseperiheliaalllieneartheecliptic（黄道）---theplaneofEarth’sorbitandalso,approximately,thatoftheotherplanets---whiletheobjects’orbitsareallangledat30°belowtheecliptic.Thechanceofallthisbeingacoincidence,thetworesearchersestimate,isaboutsevenin100,000.Ifitisnotacoincidence,itsuggeststhesixobjectshavebeenguidedintotheirorbitsbythegravitationalinterventionofsomethingmuchlarger.AcomputeranalysisDrBatyginandDrBrownperformedsuggeststhissomethingisaplanetweighing5-15timesasmuchasEarth,whoseperihelionisontheoppositesideofthesunfromthecluster,andwhichthusorbitsmainlyontheothersideofthesolarsystemfromtheobjectsitsorbithasaffected.Thisplanet’sperihelionwouldbe200timesfartherfromthesunthanEarth’s,andthefarendofitsorbitmightbeasmuchassixtimesthatdistanceaway.Thisgivesasearchzone,andDrBatyginandDrBrownareusingSubaru,aJapanesetelescope,toperformthatsearch.GivenotherdemandsonSubaru’stime,itmighttakefiveyearsforthissearchtofind(ornotfind)thehypotheticalplanet.Butlookingatsomeexistingdatafrom.TheWidefieldInfraredSurveyExplore,asatellite,mightalsoshowit,ifitistheretobeseen.Ironically,itwasDrBrownasmuchasanyonewhowasresponsibleforPluto’sdowngrading,forhediscoveredEris,anobjectalmostasbigasPluto,in2005.ThatdiscoverydidmuchtodamagePluto'splanetaryproof.Byhisownadmission,hewasskepticalthattheanomaliesheandDrBatyginhaveinvestigatedactuallywouldpointtotheexistenceofareplacementninthplanet.Heisaskepticnolonger.Whetherheisactuallyrightmaysoonbecomeapparent.1、AccordingtoDrBatyginandDrBrown’sresearch,itisquitepossiblethat________.A．PlutowillrestoreitsstatusasaplanetofthesolarsystemB．thesixobjectsintheKuiperBeltsharingsomesimilaritiesisamerecoincidenceC．therearenineplanetsinthesolarsystemD．Erisisareplacementninthplanetofthesolarsystem2、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthehypotheticalplanet?A．ItmayhavechangedtheorbitsofsixobjectsintheKuiperBelt.B．Youcanseeitthroughadomestictelescopeifyouknowwheretolook.C．Comparedtoearth,thedistancefromitsperiheliontothesunisabout200timeslarger.D．Asatellitemaybeabletoprovidesomeevidenceofitsexistence.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedwordanomaliesstandfor?A．Sixobjectsbehavinginapeculiarway.B．Pluto’sdowngrading.C．ThediscoveryofEris.D．Someexistingdata.4、Thepurposeofthethirdparagraphisto________.A．explainwhythescientistsbelievethereisanunfoundplanetB．showhowthescientistsanalyzetheorbitsofKuiperBeltobjectsC．tellusthattheperiheliaofthesixobjectsalmostcoincideD．introducethetwoscientists’articleintheAstronomicalJournal25．（10分）AmericanRosalieStokeisoneofthemillionsofcollegestudentswithabrightfutureaheadofher.ShewasborninBaltimore,Maryland.ShestudieschemicalengineeringattheVirginiaPolytechnicInstituteandStateUniversity,alsoknownasVirginiaTech.Butthe22year-old’spathtocollegewasverydifferentfromthemajorityofAmericanslikeher.IntheUnitedStates，itiscommonforyoungpeopletocompletefouryearsofhighschoolatage17or18.Aftertheyfinishhighschoolinthespring,thosewhodecidetoattendcollegeusuallydosotwo-tothree-monthslater.However,Stokelearnedaboutadifferentwayofdoingthingsfromanolderstudent.Thatstudentsaidthatbeforegoingtocollege,sheworkedforayearhelpingwithchildcareforafamilyinGermany.ThisideaappealedtoStokeverymuch.StokeisinherthirdyearofstudiesatVirginiaTech.Shetookagapyearin2013.“ItjustsoundedlikeareallygreatideatohaveayearofftofigureoutmoreofwhatIwantedtodoincollegeandafter,”shesaid.So,afterfinishinghighschoolin2013,Stokedecidedshealsowantedtotakeagapyearbeforestartingcollege.Infall2013,StokeconnectedwithafamilyinBarcelona,Spain.Theyagreedtoletherlivewiththemandpaidherasmallamounttohelpcarefortheirchildrenforsevenmonths.StokestudiedSpanishduringherfreetimeinBarcelona.Shethenusedmoneyaswellasmoneyfromherparentstotravelfortwomonths.StokesaidthatshefeltdifferentwhenshereturnedtotheUnitedStatestobeginherstudiesatVirginiaTechin2014.Shesaidshefeltateaseandthatsheknewmoreaboutherselfasaperson.Also,whentalkingwithfriendswhowentstraighttocollegefromhighschool,shefoundmanyhadadifficulttimeintheirfirstyearofcollege.1、WhereisStokeuniquecomparedwithmosthighschoolstudents?A．Sheputmoneybeforeeducation.B．Shehadabrightfutureaheadofher.C．Shevaluedpracticemorethantheory.D．Shedidn’tentercollegedirectlyafterhighschool.2、HowdidStokedetermineherstyleofcollegeeducation?A．Shediditquitebyaccident.B．Shewantedtoputoffhercollegegraduation.C．Shewasnotsatisfiedwiththetraditionalway.D．Sheneededtomakeenoughmoneyforcollege.3、WhatdidStokeandtheolderstudenthaveincommon?A．TheybothstudiedSpanishintheirfreetime.B．TheybothworkedforaGermanyfamily.C．Theybothlookedafterkidsforothers.D．TheybothstudiedatVirginiaTech.4、WhatwasStoke’sattitudetowardsherexperiencebeforecollege?A．Cautious.B．Confident.C．Ambiguous.D．Regretful.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Ihadn’tevengotachancetoenterthestorebeforeanAfricanAmericanwomanapproachedmeandaskedifIwouldhelpherreturnanitem.Theitemshehad1wasintendedforherdaughter,butshehadalreadyreceiveda2one.Thelady3toexchangetheitemforsomethingelseinthestorebutshewastoldsheneededanID4thedealcouldnottakeplace.Iwenttothe5withthewomansowecouldusemyID．Thesalesassociateimmediatelystarted6herofaskingthefirst7personshesawtohelpher.Althoughthatwas8,Ididn’tunderstandwhyit9Afterall,noteveryoneisgiventheopportunityto10anIDinthiscountry.Then,weaskedtospeakwithamanager,whoexplainedthattherewasno11toreturntheitemwithoutareceiptandthenwentontosaythewomancouldnot12shepurchasedtheitem.“13I,ayoungwhitefemale,weretoenterthestoreandrequestyoutomakeanexchangewithoutareceipt,Iwouldnotbe14theprivilege—asIhaveprooffromthepast.”Isaid.Hemusthaverealizedatthatmomentwhathehaddone,becausehe15toexchangetheitem.Therearemanyvaluablelessonsinthestory.Thefirstistohelpastrangerinneed.I16whenthewomanaskedformyhelp,but17doIactuallyhave?”Ihadnone,soIhelpedher.Thesecondlessonisnottojudgeabookbyits18Thewomanlookedpoor,butshe19thesametreatmentasanyoneelsedoes.1、A．purchasedB．shownC．lostD．mended2、A．sameB．popularC．similarD．different3、A．managedB．wantedC．refusedD．promised4、A．forB．orC．andD．so5、A．counterB．departmentC．marketD．window6、A．warningB．informingC．remindingD．accusing7、A．fairB．familiarC．impossibleD．random8、A．wrongB．trueC．reasonableD．meaningful9、A．matteredB．happenedC．passedD．worked10、A．leaveB．payC．findD．obtain11、A．requestB．placeC．wayD．need12、A．answerB．proveC．supportD．admit13、A．UnlessB．AndC．InsteadD．If14、A．orderedB．askedC．deniedD．given15、A．agreedB．preparedC．failedD．remembered16、A．struggledB．wonderedC．hesitatedD．nodded17、A．totallyB．graduallyC．hardlyD．quickly18、A．feelingsB．goalsC．reasonsD．ideas19、A．designB．coverC．contentD．price20、A．deservedB．requiredC．receivedD．appreciated第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）LiQiangwastransportedsafelyintotheyearAD3008in1．timecapsule.Atfirst,hefoundhisnewsurroundingsweredifficult2．(tolerate)andhisheadachedforalackoffreshair.Justashetriedtomakethenecessary3．(adjust)tothenewsituation,WangPing,hisfriendandguide,appearedandhandedhimamask.Afterputtingonit,LiQiangfeltbetter4．notime.Soonhewasbackon5．feetagainandfollowingWangPingtocollectahoveringcarriage6．(drive)bycomputer.Thentheyflewittothefutureof7．wasstillLiQiang’shometown.Arrivingatastrange-lookinghouse,he8．(show)intoalarge,brightdeanroom,9．nearlyeverythingwouldappearjustbyflashingaswitchonacomputerscreen.Afterhavingabriefmealandahotbath.LiQiangslidintobedandfellsound10．(sleep).第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之