考研英语(二)模拟试卷42(题后含答案及解析)

考研英语（二）模拟试卷42(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.UseofEnglish2.ReadingComprehension3.WritingSectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorD.(10points)Largelectureclassesarefrequentlyregardedasanecessaryevil.Suchclasses【C1】______beofferedinmanycollegesanduniversitiestomeethighstudent【C2】______withlimitedfacultyresource,【C3】______teachingalargelectureclasscanbea【C4】______task.Lecturehallsare【C5】______large,barren,andforbidding.Itisdifficulttogettoknowstudents.Studentsmayseemboredinthe【C6】______environmentandmay【C7】______readnewspapersorevenleaveclassinthemiddleofalecture.Writtenworkbythestudentsseemsoutofthe【C8】______.Althoughthechallengesofteachingalargelectureclassare【C9】______.theyarenotinsurmountable.Thesolutionistodevelop【C10】______methodsofclassroominstructionthatcanreduce,ifnot【C11】______.manyofthedifficulties【C12】______inthemassclass.Infact,wehave【C13】______atKentStateUniversityteachingtechniqueswhichhelpmakealargelectureclassmorelikeasmall【C14】______.An【C15】______butimportantbenefitofteachingthecourse【C16】______thismannerhasinvolvedtheactivitiesoftheteachingassistantswhohelpusmarkstudents’writtenwork.Thefacultyinstructororiginallydecidedtoasktheteachingassistantsforhelp【C17】______thiswastheonlypracticalwayto【C18】______thatallthepaperscouldbeevaluated.Nowthose【C19】______reportenjoyingtheirnewstatusas“juniorprofessors”,gainingaverydifferent【C20】______oncollegeeducationbybeingontheothersideofthedesk,learningagreatdealaboutthesubjectmatter,andimprovingtheirownwritingasadirectresultofgradingotherstudents’papers.1．【C1】A．shouldB．willC．canD．haveto正确答案：D解析：本题测试逻辑搭配。前面句子说，大班教学被认为是一件不好的事情。本句说的是，由于人力资源有限，所以许多大学采用这样的班级。说明是迫不得已，所以应选D。2．【C2】A．requestB．demandC．challengeD．requirement正确答案：D解析：本题测试词义搭配。request意为“请求，要求”：demand意为“需要，需求”；challenge意为“挑战，难题”；requirement意为“需求，要求”。所填之词应该与前面的meet搭配使用。meetrequirement是习惯搭配，意思是“满足需要”，应选D。3．【C3】A．andB．butC．althoughD．unless正确答案：B解析：本题测试逻辑搭配。前面的句子说，由于人力资源有限，许多大学采用大班授课模式，而本句话说的是教大班是否困难。说明前后句子的意思有转折。although虽然也表示转折，但强调的重点是前面的句子，与本句的意思不符，应选B。4．【C4】A．competitiveB．rewardingC．routineD．troublesome正确答案：D解析：本题测试词义搭配。tompetitive意为“竞争的，竞赛的”；rewarding意为“有益的，值得的”：routine意为“常规的，日常的”；troublesome意为“棘手的，困难的”。所填之词修饰task，根据前面的meethighstudentrequirementwithlimitedfacultyresource可知，应选D。5．【C5】A．spaciouslyB．exceptionallyC．typicallyD．unusually正确答案：C解析：本题测试词义搭配。spaciously意为“广阔地，宽广地”：exceptionally意为“格外地，异常地”；typically意为“典型地，有代表性地”；unusually意为“不同寻常地，超常地”。句子的主语是lecturehalls，根据后面的“large，barren，andforbidding”可知，本句话讲的是典型特征，所以应选C。6．【C6】A．unconsciousB．impatientC．unawareD．impersonal正确答案：D解析：本题测试逻辑搭配。unconscious意为“无意识的，失去知觉的”；impatient意为“没耐心的，不耐烦的”；unaware意为“不知道的，没注意的”；impersonal意为“与己无关的，与个人无关的”。所填之词修饰environment；前面句子说，老师很难认识学生；本句话说，在这样的环境中，学生似乎显得无聊。说明这种环境“与己无关”，所以应选D。7．【C7】A．frequentlyB．delightedlyC．inevitablyD．unexpectedly正确答案：A解析：本题测试逻辑搭配。frequently意为“经常地，时常发生地”；delightedly意为“高兴地，快乐地”：inevitably意为“必然地，不可避免地”；unexpectedly意为“出人意料地，意外地”。所填之词修饰readnewspapers，本句话说，学生上课时感到无聊，所以他们就会经常看报纸。说明是习惯性动作，所以应选A。8．【C8】A．problemB．solutionC．questionD．answer正确答案：C解析：本题测试固定搭配。outofthequestion是固定搭配，意为“不可能的”。9．【C9】A．tinyB．potentialC．fundamentalD．substantial正确答案：D解析：本题测试词义搭配。tiny意为“极小的，微小的”：potential意为“潜在的，可能的”；fundamental意为“基础的，基本的”；substantial意为“相当大的，很多的”。所填之词修饰challenges，根据后面的句子theyarenotinsurmountable(它们并非不能克服)可知，应选D。10．【C10】A．personalB．innovativeC．initiativeD．persuasive正确答案：B解析：本题测试词义搭配。personal意为“个人的，私人的”：innovative意为“创新的，革新的”：initiative意为“起初的，初步的”；persuasive意为“有说服力的，令人信服的”。所填之词修饰methodsofclassroominstruction，所以应选B。11．【C11】A．increaseB．accumulateC．eliminateD．diminish正确答案：C解析：本题测试逻辑搭配。increase意为“增加，扩大”；accumulate意为“积累，积蓄”：eliminate意为“根除，消除”；diminish意为“缩小，减少”。ifnot通常表示让步关系，说明所填之词应该比reduce的意思更深一层，所以应选C。12．【C12】A．inherentB．inheritedC．injectedD．integrated正确答案：A解析：本题测试词义搭配。inherent意为“固有的，内在的”；inherited意为“继承的，遗传的”：injected意为“注射的，注入的”；integrated意为“综合的，完整的”。所填之词修饰difficulties，所以应选A。13．【C13】A．introducedB．insertedC．modifiedD．revised正确答案：A解析：本题测试词义搭配。introduce意为“采用，提倡”；insert意为“插入，嵌入”；modify意为“修改，改变”：revise意为“修正，改变”。所填之词的宾语是teachingtechniques．(教学方法)，根据前面的developmethodsofclassroominstruction可知，应选A。14．【C14】A．conferenceB．assemblyC．seminarD．course正确答案：C解析：本题测试逻辑搭配。conference意为“会议，协商会”；assembly意为“集会，会议”：seminar意为“讲习会，讲座”；course意为“课程，教程”。所填之词应该与前面的alargelectureclass的意思对应，所以应选C。15．【C15】A．incredibleB．obscureC．unanticipatedD．inspiring正确答案：C解析：本题测试词义搭配。incredible意为“难以置信的，不可思议的”：obscure意为“朦胧的，模糊的”：unanticipated意为“不曾预料到的，意料之外的”；inspiring意为“令人鼓舞的，振奋人心的”。所填之词修饰benefit，根据后面的Thefacultyinstructororiginallydecidedtoasktheteachingassistants可知，助教的收获是意料之外的，所以应选C。16．【C16】A．atB．throughC．byD．in正确答案：D解析：本题测试习惯搭配。manner通常与in搭配，意思是“以……方式”。17．【C17】A．sothatB．althoughC．whenD．because正确答案：D解析：本题测试语法。SOthat引导结果或目的状语从句；although引导让步状语从句：when引导时间状语从句：because引导原因状语从句。根据文章可知，前后句子为因果关系，后面的句子表示原因，所以应选D。18．【C18】A．ensureB．assureC．secureD．certify正确答案：B解析：本题测试词义搭配。ensure意为“确保，保证”，通常构成“ensure+that从句”结构：assure意为“保证，确保”，通常构成“assuresomebody+that从句”结构：secure意为“保护，使安全”，不带从句；certify意为“证明……是真实、正确的”。所填之词的后面省略了students，所以应选B。19．【C19】A．newteachersB．seniorstudentsC．associateprofessorsD．part-timeprofessionals正确答案：B解析：本题测试逻辑搭配。根据后面句子中的gradingotherstudents’papers可知，这些助教应该是“高年级学生”，所以应选B。20．【C20】A．inspirationB．expectationC．stimulationD．perspective正确答案：D解析：本题测试词义搭配。inspiration意为“灵感，灵机”；expectation意为“期望，期待”；stimulation意为“刺激，鼓舞”：perspective意为“观点，看法”。所填之词应该与后面的on搭配。perspectiveon是习惯搭配，意思是“针对……的观点、看法”。SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)Forthefirsttime,stemcellspurifiedfromfathavebeenusedtohealaninjuryinalivinganimal.MichaelLongakerofStanfordUniversityinCaliforniaandhisteamshowedinmouseexperimentsthatso-calledadiposederivedadultstromal(ADAS)cellspurifiedfromarodent’sbellyfatcouldbecoaxedtohealaskullfracturetoolargetomendbyitself.ThepowerofADAScellstotransformintobone,cartilageandevenneuronshasbeenstudiedforyearsintesttubes.ButJeffreyGimble,whostudieshumanADAScellsatLouisianaStateUniversityinBatonRougesaysLongaker’sreportisanimportantstepforward.“Actuallyrepairingadefectinananimalmodelhadneverbeendone.Thisisanexcellentstudy.”Ifthesametechniqueworksinhumans,thesecellscouldbecoaxedtomendbrokenbonesandcorrectotherdefectsintensofthousandsofsurgicalprocedureseachyearinwhichbonegraftsandprostheticsarenownecessary.Longaker’sgrouptestedtheabilityofADAScellstohealfour-millimetre-longfracturessurgically-inducedintheskullsofmice.In12weeks,thecellsfilled70to90percentofthedefects,whileuntreatedanimalshadonlyunorganizedboneformationinlessthan10percentofthefractures.Noextremegeneticmanipulationortreatmentofthecellswasnecessary.ADAScellsbeganmanufacturingbonewhentheyweresimplylaidontoabiodegradablepolymerthatcontainedapatite,acompoundthatnaturallyoccursinbone.Furthermore,theADAScellsperformedaswellasbonemarrowstromalcells,whichwouldseemtobemorenaturalarchitectsofbone.ItremainstobeseenwhetherhumanADAScellswillbuildboneaseffectively.Butresearchersareexcitedabouttheprospects.Humanbonemarrowstromalcellsarealreadybeingusedinclinicaltrialsassourcesofskeleton-buildingmaterial,buttheADAScellsmayhavesomesignificantadvantages.LongakerreportsthatADAScellsgrowseventimesfasterthanthebonemarrowcellsinthelaboratory.Anditisrelativelyeasytoharvestmorethanalitreoffattissue,evenfrompatientswhoarenotobese.Bonemarrowismuchlessplentifulandmustberemovedinapainfulsurgicalprocedure.Ofcourse,liposuctionitselfisnotapleasantoperation.ButaccordingtotheAmericanSocietyofPlasticSurgeons,morethan300,000peoplevolunteeredtohavetheprocedurein2003simplyforcosmeticreasons.“Iftheprocedurewasthefirststeptohealingbrokenbonesorreplacingothertissueitspopularitycouldonlygrow,”saysGimble.“Justthinkofthat.”21．GimblespeakshighlyofLongakerinthat______.A．hisworkmadeanunprecedentedachievementinthefieldB．heprovedthatADAScellscontributedalottocelltherapyC．hisworkpavedwayforADAScellapplicationinclinicaltrialsD．hecuredananimaldefectthathadneverbeenrepairedbefore正确答案：A解析：这是一道细节题。题干中的信号词为Gimble，出自于文章第二段第二句话中。文章第二段指出：金伯尔说，隆加克的报告向前迈出了重要的一步；这是一项杰出的研究；如果同样的技术能够在人类身上有效，那么这些细胞就可以被巧妙地用来修复破裂的骨骼，治疗每年成千上万例手术中的损伤。这说明，A“他的工作在该领域取得了空前的成就”与文章的意思符合。B与第一段的意思不符合：C与第三段最后一句话的意思不符合；文中没有提到D。22．AstoADAScells,whichofthefollowingisNOTlocalizedinlaboratory?A．Theyareeasytooperate.B．Theirabstractioncausesnopains.C．Theygrowfast.D．Theiryieldsarelarge.正确答案：B解析：这是一道细节题。文章最后一段指出：ADAS细胞的生长速度比实验室里骨髓细胞快7倍，而且也相对容易收集，即使是从不肥胖的病人身上收集也不难。这说明，ADAS细胞可以在实验室之外提取。B说“提取ADAS细胞不会引起疼痛”，这与文章的意思符合。文中说的是不需要对这些细胞进行过度的基因控制或处理，并不是说容易控制，所以A不对：文章最后一段是说ADAS细胞的生长速度比实验室里骨髓细胞快7倍，并没有说它们是在何处生长的，所以C不对；文中没有提到D。23．WecaninferfromParagraph3that______.A．ADAScellsareefficientinclinicalapplicationB．ADAScellsactasnaturallyasmarrowcellsC．ADAScellscanbuildboneformationorderlyD．ADAScellstherapywillreplacegenetictreatment正确答案：C解析：这是一道推论题。题干中的信号词为Paragraph3，也就是文章的第三段。文章第三段指出：隆加克的小组测试了ADAS细胞治疗头骨骨折的能力；在12个星期里，这些细胞填补了70％～90％的骨折部位，而未经治疗的老鼠只在不到10％的骨折部位无序地愈合：ADAS细胞起的作用同骨髓基质细胞一样好。由此可知，ADAS细胞可以有序地治愈骨折。C说“ADAS细胞可以有序地生长骨质”，这与文章的意思符合。文中说的是人体骨髓基质细胞已经被用于临床试验，并没有提到ADAS细胞用于临床实验，所以A不对；文中并没有说ADAS细胞是自然起作用，所以B不对；文中没有提到D。24．AccordingtoGimble,liposuctionwillprobablybeusedfor______.A．losingweightB．keepingfitC．abstractingADAScellsD．transplantingorgan正确答案：C解析：这是一道细节题。题干中的信号词为liposuction，出自文章最后一段第四句话中。文章最后一段指出：ADAS细胞相对容易收集，即使是从不肥胖的病人身上收集也不难：2003年，有30多万人只是为了美容的原因就自愿做了吸脂手术：金伯尔说，如果这种手术是治疗破裂的骨骼或替代其他组织的第一步，那么它可能会普及起来。这说明，金伯尔认为，吸脂手术可能被用来收集ADAS细胞。C说“提取ADAS细胞”，这与金伯尔的观点符合。A、B和D都不是金伯尔的观点。25．Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe______.A．BrightFutureofADASCellsB．APotentialRepairingTechniqueC．AdvantagedADASCellsD．ApplicationofADASCells正确答案：B解析：这是一道主旨题。文章第一段提到了．ADAS细胞，介绍了它治愈骨折的作用，随后的段落分析了．ADAS细胞的诸多优点，指出，人类可能应用这种技术。这说明，本文主要讲的是治疗骨折的新技术。B说“一种可能的修补技术”，这可以表达文章的主题。A、C和D都只是文中部分段落的内容，不能表达文章的主题。Insomecountrieswhereracialprejudiceisacute,violencehassocometobetakenforgrantedasameansofsolvingdifferences,thatitisnotevenquestioned.Therearecountrieswherethewhitemanimposeshisrulebybruteforce;therearecountrieswheretheblackmanprotestsbysettingfiretocitiesandbylootingandpillaging.Importantpeopleonbothsides,whowouldinotherrespectsappeartobereasonablemen,getupandcalmlyargueinfavorofviolence—asifitwerealegitimatesolution,likeanyother.Whatisreallyfrightening,whatreallyfillsyouwithdespair,istherealizationthatwhenitcomestothecrunch,wehavemadenoactualprogressatall.Wemaywearcollarsandtiesinsteadofwar-paint,butourinstinctremainbasicallyunchanged.Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing.Wehavestillnotlearntthatviolenceneversolvesaproblembutmakesitmoreacute.Thesheerhorror,thebloodshed,thesufferingmeansnothing.Nosolutionevercomestolightthemorningafterwhenwedismallycontemplatethesmokingruinsandwonderwhathitus.Thetrulyreasonablemenwhoknowwherethesolutionsliearefindingitharderandhardertogetahearing.Theyaredespised,mistrustedandevenpersecutedbytheirownkindbecausetheyadvocatesuchapparentlyoutrageousthingsaslawenforcement.Ifhalftheenergythatgoesintoviolentactswereputtogooduse,ifoureffortsweredirectedatcleaninguptheslumsandghettos,atimprovingliving-standardsandprovidingeducationandemploymentforall,wewouldhavegonealongwaytoarrivingatasolution.Ourstrengthissappedbyhavingtomopupthemessthatviolenceleavesinitswake.Inawell-directedeffort,itwouldnotbeimpossibletofulfilltheidealsofastablesocialprogram.Thebenefitsthatcanbederivedfromconstructivesolutionsareeverywhereapparentintheworldaroundus.Genuineandlastingsolutionsarealwayspossible,providingweworkwithintheframeworkofthelaw.Beforewecanevenbegintocontemplatepeacefulco-existencebetweentheraces,wemustappreciateeachother’sproblems.Andtodothis,wemustlearnaboutthem:itisasimpleexerciseincommunication,inexchanginginformation.“Talk,talk,talk,”theadvocatesofviolencesay,“allyoueverdoistalk,andwearenonethewiser.”It’sratherlikethestoryofthefamousbarristerwhopainstakinglyexplainedhiscasetothejudge.Afterlisteningtoalengthyargumentthejudgecomplainedthatafterallthistalk,hewasnonethewiser.“Possibly,myLord,”thebarristerreplied,“nonethewiser,butsurelyfarbetterinformed.”Knowledgeisthenecessaryprerequisitetowisdom:theknowledgethatviolencecreatestheevilsitpretendstosolve.26．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．AdvocatingViolence.B．ViolenceCanDoNothingtoDiminishRacePrejudice.C．ImportantPeopleonBothSidesSeeViolenceAsaLegitimateSolution.D．TheInstinctsofHumanRaceAreThirstyforViolence.正确答案：B解析：这是一道主旨题。文章第一段指出：在一些种族歧视严重的国家，暴力是想当然的一种解决分歧的方法，甚至是毋庸置疑的方法；在有些国家，白人利用暴力实行镇压统治；而有的国家，黑人通过放火、抢掠等进行反抗；就连双方表现得较为理智的大人物似乎也认为暴力是一种合法的解决问题的方案；但是，暴力永远解决不了问题，反而会使问题变得更加严重。第二段指出：那些知道解决方法的真正理智的人们却越来越难以得到发言的机会，因为他们倡导诸如依法治理明显出格的事情等，所以他们遭到同类的轻视、误解甚至迫害；由于我们必须清理暴力所留下的烂摊子，所以我们的力量被削弱了。第三段指出：在我们开始思考种族间和平共处的方案之前，我们必须正确评价各自的问题；要想做到这一点，我们就必须互相了解各自的问题。这说明，本文主要讲的是：暴力解决不了种族歧视问题。B说“暴力难以消除种族歧视”，这可以表达文章的主题。A与文章的意思相反：C只是文章第一段中提到的一个细节，不能表达文章的中心意思；文中只是说“在有些国家，白人利用暴力实行镇压统治：而在有的国家，黑人通过放火、抢掠等进行反抗”，并没有说“人类的本性是嗜暴性”，所以D不对。27．Accordingtothepassage,recordedhistoryhastaughtus______.A．violenceneversolvesanythingB．nothingC．thebloodshedmeansnothingD．everything正确答案：B解析：这是一道细节题。题干中的信号词为recordedhistory，出自于文章第一段第六句话。文章第一段指出：在整个人类社会有记载的历史中，那些有关暴力的冗长记载根本就没有教会人类任何东西；我们仍然没有了解到，暴力不但永远解决不了问题，反而会使问题变得更加严重。这说明，有记载的历史没有教会人类任何东西。B说“没有什么”，这与文章的意思相符。A与文章的意思相反；文中提到thebloodshed时是说“绝对的恐惧、流血和痛苦没有任何意义”，并没有说这是人类社会的历史，所以C不对；D明显与文章的意思不符。28．Itcanbeinferredthattrulyreasonablemen______.A．can’tgetahearingB．arelookeddownuponC．arepersecutedD．havedifficultyinadvocatinglawenforcement正确答案：D解析：这是一道推论题。题干中的信号词为trulyreasonablemen，出自于文章第二段第一句话中。文章第二段指出：那些知道解决方法的真正理智的人们却越来越难以得到发言的机会，因为他们倡导诸如依法治理等明显出格的事情，所以他们遭到同类的轻视、误解甚至迫害。由此可知，真正理智的人们在倡导依法治理方面有困难。D说“在倡导法制方面有困难”，这与文章的意思相符。A、B和C都是文中明确指出的，不必推论就可知结果，所以不对。29．Thesentence“Hewasnonethewiser”(Paragraph3)probablymeans______.A．hewasnotatallwiseinlisteningB．hewasnotatallwiserthannothingbeforeC．hegainsnothingafterlisteningD．hemakesnosenseoftheargument正确答案：C解析：这是一道词义题。题干中的信号词出自于文章第三段第五句话中，文章第三段指出：鼓吹暴力的人说，你们能做的就是交谈，我们不知道你们要干什么；这很像是一位著名的律师不辞辛苦地向法官陈述案件的故事：听完其冗长的陈述后，法官抱怨说，他还是不了解案件。这说明，该句话的意思应该是“听完陈述后，他对案件还是不了解”。C说“听完陈述后，他一无所获”，这与文章的意思相符。A和B明显与文章的意思不符；D误解了句子的意思。30．Accordingtotheauthorthebestwaytosolveraceprejudiceis______.A．lawenforcementB．knowledgeC．nonviolenceD．moppinguptheviolentmess正确答案：A解析：这是一道细节题。文章第二段指出：那些知道解决方法的真正理智的人们却越来越难以得到发言的机会，因为他们倡导诸如依法治理等明显出格的事情：如果正确引导人们的努力，那么我们要实现稳定的社会计划的理想不是没有可能：如果我们依法行事，那么真正持久的解决方案是可能找到的。这说明，作者认为，解决种族歧视的最佳方法就是提倡法制。A“法制”，与作者的观点相符。B、C和D都不是作者的观点。Whenitcomestotheeconomy,pessimismisinandgoodoldAmericanoptimismisout.Fromtheheadlinesinthenewspaperstothecoffeeshopchatter,itseemsthatthereislittlegoodtosayabouttheeconomy.BadenoughthatthenewsaboutIraq,winterstormsandtheescalationofterroralertscontinuetokeeppeopleonedge.Reportsofstatebudgetdeficitsandthreatsofmajorcutbacksinservicessuchaseducation,healthcareandpolicealsomakepeoplenervous.ThelatestUSAToday/CNN/GallupPollreflectsthenewpessimism.Askedearlythispastweekhowtheywouldrateeconomicconditionsinthecountrytoday,justoneinthree—34%—saidtheyconsideritgood.That’sdown10percentagepointsfromDecember,when44%ratedtheeconomygoodand20pointslowerthanSeptemberwhen54%saidtheythoughteconomicconditionsweregood.Moreover,whenaskedtolookaheadayearfromnow,thosepeoplewillingtosaythingswillgetbetterarealsodwindlinginnumbers.Athinmajorityof55%saidtheyexpectedeconomicconditionstobebetterbythistimenextyear.Notbadonthesurface.ButlookingbackjusttwomonthstoDecember,65%—ortwoofthree—believedthatthingswouldimproveinayear.AndgoingbacksixmonthstoSeptember,71%expressedoptimismforeconomicimprovement.SotheseedsofdiscontentareoutthereandtheycouldsetoffapoliticalfirestormforPresidentBushifeconomicconditionsdon’tstartgettingbettersoon.Ormoreimportantly,iftheAmericanpeopledon’tstartfeelingbettersoon.Regardlessofwhatthestatisticssayabouthowgoodtheeconomymightbegetting,theAmericanpeoplehavetofeelit.Andoften,feelingslagbehindnumbers.Indeed,mostpeoplebelievethattheeconomyisinrecession.Statisticallyitisnot.Caseinpoint:OnFriday,theU.S.CommerceDepartmentreportedthattheeconomygrewata1.4%rateinthefinalquarteroflastyear—twiceasfastasthegovernmentfirstestimated.Majorfactorsintheupwardrevisioninthegrossdomesticproductwerestrongerinvestmentbybusinessesinbuildingupstockpilesofunsoldgoodsandaslightboosttoconsumerspending,themainforcekeepingtheeconomygoing.Butwhilethatreportisinteresting,andperhapsasourceofhopethatthingsaren’tasbadastheyseem,moretangibleexamplesofeconomicimprovementareneeded—solidgainsinthestockmarket,rehiringbyplantsthathavebeenlayingoffworkers,newbusinessexpansion.TheUSATodaypollfurthershowsthatnervousnessaboutIraqandastill-sluggisheconomyaretakingapoliticaltollonBush:Hisjobapprovalratingis57%,hislowestsincebeforetheSept.11terroristattacks.Surely,whathappenswithIraqwillbeamajorfactorinthepresident’spoliticalfortunesnextyear,butifpeoplecontinuetobepessimisticabouttheeconomywhenBushisinthemidstofrunningforasecondterm,itwillbedifficulttobeoptimisticabouthischancesofwinning.31．Thephrase“keeppeopleonedge”(paragraph1)probablymeansto______.A．upsetpeopleB．keeppeoplealertC．disappointpeopleD．makepeoplepessimistic正确答案：A解析：这是一道词义题。题干中的信号词出自于文章第一段第三句话中。文章第一段指出：从报纸上的大字标题，到咖啡店的闲谈，似乎对经济状况都不持乐观态度：更糟糕的是，有关伊拉克、冬季风暴以及恐怖主义威胁升级的消息继续使人们感到不安：有关国家预算赤字的报道以及服务行业重大财政削减的兆头也使人感到不安。根据alsomakepeoplenervous可知，该短语可能与makepeoplenervous的意思相近。A说“使人们心烦意乱”，这与文章的意思符合。B明显与文章的意思不符；C和D不准确。32．Statisticsfromthepollindicate______.A．adownwardturnintheeconomicconditionsB．thegreatimpactofbadnewsoneconomicsituationC．adwindlingconfidenceintheeconomicprospectsD．howAmericanshavelosttheirtraditionaloptimism正确答案：C解析：这是一道细节题。题干中的信号词为poll，出自第二段第一句话中。文章第二段指出：最新的调查都反映了美国人新的悲观情绪；当询问人们如何评价目前国家的经济形势时，只有1／3的人，占34％，说他们认为形势良好，与12月份相比，该数字减少了10％，与9月份相比减少了20％；当要求他们展望一年以后的情况时，那些乐意说情况会更好的人数也在减少。这说明，统计数据显示，人们对经济好转的信心越来越小。C说“人们对经济的前景越来越没有信心”，这与文章的意思符合。与A有关的信息是第三段的第五、六句话，文中是说“大多数人认为，经济正在衰退；从数据上来看，情况不是这样”，这说明A不对；与B有关的信息是第三段的第三句话，文中是说“更糟糕的是，有关伊拉克、冬季风暴以及恐怖主义警报升级的消息继续使人们感到不安”。这与民意测验没有关系，所以B不对；文章没有谈论美国人如何失去其传统的乐观情绪，所以D不对。33．Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthepresenteconomicsituation?A．Theeconomyisindisappointingrecession.B．Thesituationhastakenaturnforthebetter.C．Consumerspendingislowandgoodscannotbesold.D．Thestatisticshavenotreflectedthetruepictureofthesituation.正确答案：B解析：这是一道细节题。文章第三段指出：无论数据显示经济形势可能变得多么好，要让美国人觉得它好才行：实际上，大多数人认为，经济正在衰退；从数据上来看，情况不是这样；随后列举了美国商务部报告，说明经济形势已经好转。这说明，经济形势在好转。B说“形势已经开始好转”，这与文章的意思符合。A与文章的意思相反；文中没有提到C；D与文章的意思不符合。34．Whichofthefollowingmayserveasasignforeconomicimprovement?A．Strongconsumerspending.B．Lowerunemploymentrates.C．Thefluctuationofthestocks.D．Increasedinvestmentinthebuildingindustry.正确答案：B解析：这是一道细节题。题干中的信号词为economicimprovement，出自第四段中。文章第四段指出：需要提供更多真实的例子证明经济在好转，比如股票市场的可观收益，一直在解雇工人的工厂开始重新招人，新兴企业的扩展等。这说明，B“更低的失业率”是经济好转的迹象。文中没有提到A和C；与D有关的信息是第三段的最后一句话，文中是说“导致国内生产总值超出预期增长的主要因素是企业对积累的未售出产品库存的更大投入”，这说明D不对。35．Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe______.A．PessimismReignsastheEconomyContinuestoLimpAlongB．Bush’sEconomicPoliciesAreRuiningHisOpportunityforaSecondTermC．TheEconomicRecessionIsBringingDownBush’sJobApprovalRatingD．TheOldAmericanOptimismReignsEvenWhenEconomyIsinRecession正确答案：A解析：这是一道主旨题。文章第一段指出：谈到经济形势，悲观情绪盛行，而传统的美国乐观情绪不复存在。第二段介绍了民意测验的结果，说明人们对经济形势不乐观。随后的段落分析了原因。最后一段指出：布什在寻求连任的过程中，如果人们对经济继续持悲观态度，那么他连任获胜的可能性不容乐观。这说明，本文主要讲的是人们的悲观情绪盛行。A说“由于经济持续低迷，悲观情绪盛行”，这可以表达文章的主题。文中没有提到布什的经济政策，所以B不能表达文章的主题；与C有关的信息是最后一段，太片面，不能表达文章的主题；D与文章的意思相反。Thequestioningoftheroleofthepublicgalleryisnotanewphenomenon.Itissomethingthathasbeenarguedoversinceitsveryconception,andthedebateisongoing.“Museum”and“gallery”areinterchangeablewordstodescribeanybuildingusedtoexhibitobjectsofhistoricorartisticinterest.Museums,inthissense,arearelativelyrecentphenomenon,goingbacknomorethanacoupleofhundredyears,tothelatterpartoftheeighteenthcentury.Duringthisperioduntilthemidtwentiethcentury,theyweredesignedtoresembleolderceremonialmonumentssuchaspalacesandtempleswhichsignifiedtheirassociationswithsecular,andnotreligiousbeliefs.Seculartruthmeantarational,verifiableandobjectiveknowledgeandthus,ArtMuseums,notonlybecauseofthescientificandhumanisticdisciplinespracticedinthem,suchasconservation,arthistory,archaeologyetc.,wereseenaspreserversofthecommunity’sofficialculturalmemory.Consequently,itcanbearguedthatmuseumsshouldbeplacedatthecentreofthemodernrelationsbetweengovernmentandculture.Asapowerfulsocialmetaphorandasaninstrumentofhistoricalrepresentation,museumsarecrucialmeasurementsofsocialchanges.Theideaofthemuseumhasto,therefore,be“reborn”andsomeofitscharacteristicsandchallengesareclear.Anunderstandingthatcommunicationisthebasisonwhichcultureisbothmaintainedandtransformed,demandsanewapproachtomuseumpedagogy.SchoolsandCollegesProgrammeshavebecomeanintegralpartofmuseumsglobally.TheIrishMuseumofModernArtwhichopenedinnineteenninety-one,forexample,hasamajoreducationinitiativeinherentinitsethos.Ithasdevelopedanumberofprogrammesandprojectsintendedtoaddresstheneedsofspecificgroups,suchasschoolsandcolleges.Duringtheacademicyear,IMMAinvitesteachersandtutorsfrompre-primary,primary,secondaryandthird-levelschoolsandcollegestobringtheirclassgroupstothemuseumforpre-bookedtours,gallerytalksortomeetartistsparticipatingintheArtist’sResidencyProgramme.InBritain,localeducationauthoritiesaredevelopingarangeofnewinitiativestoencourageeffectiveco-operationbetweenschoolsandmuseums.Schoolscanintegratewhattheyhavelearnedfrommuseumresourcesintomanyaspectsofthecurriculumwhichalsocontributestopreparingpupilsfortheopportunitiesandexperiencesofadultlife.Examplesgivenindicatehowworkinhistoryandartisenhancedbyaccesstomuseumresourcesandthepossibilitiesoflearningareimprovedbyfirsthandexperience.Linksbetweenmuseumsandschoolsarethefoundationforwidercontactsbetweenmuseumsandtheircommunitiesbuttheseliaisonsbetweenmuseumsandtheworldsofeducationmusttakenewformsandusenewstrategiesifwearetocapturetheinterestandimaginationofanewgeneration.36．Duringthe19thcentury,museums______.A．weresimilartotemplesinfunctionB．putreligiousobjectsonexhibitionC．heldsecularbeliefsagainstchurchD．arousedwidespreadcontroversies正确答案：A解析：题干的19thcentury指向第二段的Duringthisperioduntilthemidtwentiethcentury，theyweredesignedtoresembleolderceremonialmonumentssuchaspalacesandtempleswhichsignifiedtheirassociationswithsecular，andnotreligiousbeliefs．选项A中，besimilar与句中动词resemble一致。选项B中的“宗教物品”没有出现在句子中，只有上文提及的“文物或艺术品”，信息不对应。选项C的“世俗观念”属于句子的信息，但是此句没有表达“世俗观念”与教堂互相对立的意义。选项D显然源自第一段：争论焦点围绕“艺术馆的功能”，而不是博物馆本身。37．WhichofthefollowingaspectsisNOTtheroleplayedbymuseums?A．Preserverofarthistory.B．Recorderofsocialchanges.C．Reminderofgovernment.D．Practitionerofarchaeology.正确答案：C解析：题干的提示语词theroleplayedbymuseums指向第二段的后三句，信息比较分散。选项A和D都来自该段倒数第三句：ArtMuseums，notonlybecauseofthescientificandhumanisticdisciplinespracticedinthem，suchasconservation，arthistory，archaeologyetc．，wereseenaspreserversofthecommunity’sofficialculturalmemory。选项B则出自最后一句museumsarecrucialmeasurementsofsocialchanges．选项C中的“政府”在文中虽有提及，但是“提醒”不是博物馆发挥的作用，符合题意。38．TheauthorusedtheexampleoftheIrishMuseumtoarguethat______.A．theconceptofmuseumisnowunderheateddisputeB．teachingstaffofalllevelsvisitmuseumswithpassionC．modernartistsareavailableinthemuseumprogrammeD．anewwayofthinkingemergestotheglobalmuseums正确答案：D解析：题干中的提示信息theexampleoftheIrishMuseum要求考生先找到例子的位置，再寻找例子支持的论点信息。第三段的“爱尔兰博物馆”前面的论点信息是Anunderstandingthatcommunicationisthebasisonwhichcultureisbothmaintainedandtransformed，demandsanewapproachtomuseumpedagogy．SchoolsandCollegesProgrammeshavebecomeanintegralpartofmuseumsglobally．选项D提供的“新思维”对应旬中的“新方法”。选项A的“争议”与全文开头有关，远离问题。选项B值得重视。它来自于博物馆例子本身，与问题的要求相悖。选项C和B的设计思路相同。39．Thelastparagraphsuggeststhat______.A．museumscanbebuiltindifferentschoolsB．studentscanlearnmorebyvisitingmuseumsC．anewgenerationofmuseumsarestilltocomeD．adultscanalsobenefitfromschoolcurriculum正确答案：B解析：问题指向尾段：考生应注意四个选项和尾段各个句子的对应关系。选项A提到“不同学校”建设博物馆，但是尾段第二句讲述学校结合博物馆开展教学活动，动词部分的表述明显不妥。选项B来自第三句：Examplesgivenindicatehowworkinhistoryandartisenhancedbyaccesstomuseumresourcesandthepossibilitiesoflearningareimprovedbyfirsthandexperience．选项C出现在最后一句，但是未来将出现的不是博物馆，而是博物馆与社会的“联系方式”。选项D中的“成年人”是不相关信息，没有体现在段落中。40．Indiscussingmuseums,theauthorfocusesonits______.A．problemsandsolutionsB．historyandrecordsC．natureandfunctionD．traditionsofthepast正确答案：C解析：概括全文的主旨：文章重点讨论博物馆的“功能”。选项A的“解决途径”不在文中。B的“记录”没有体现。D的范围狭窄，无法包括后两段的内容。Forcenturies,explorershaveriskedtheirli