英语-青岛市2023届高三9月期初考试试题

2022年高三年级期初调研检测英语试题2022.09注意事项：.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。.Whatwillthemandowithhiscar?C.Replaceit.C.Justsoso.C.Theshoes.C.Replaceit.C.Justsoso.C.Theshoes.C.Inarestaurant.C.Bytaxi..Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthenewteacher?A.Abitdisappointed.B.Quitesatisfied..Whatmaythewomanneedtochange?A.Thesocks. B.Thedress..Wherearethespeakers?A.Inasupermarket.B.Intheirhouse..Howwillthewomangettothehotel?A.Bycar. B.Byplane.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?Fatheranddaughter.Bossandsecretary.Travelagentandcustomer.HowmanynightswillthemanstayinParis?A.Four.B.Three.A.Four.B.Three. C.Two.C.InChangsha.C.Bytrain.C.InChangsha.C.Bytrain.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。Whereisthemannow?A.InWuhan. B.InGuangzhou.HowwillthemangotoBeijing?A.Bycoach. B.Byplane.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

Whatistheresearchabout?Attitudestovillagelife.Viewsonreturningtothecity.Opinionsaboutparentingkids.Whydidthemanchoosetoliveinthevillage?Toexperienceadifferentlife.Tospendasummervacationwithhischildren.Toprovideabetterenvironmentforhischildren.Whatistheman'sopinionaboutthelifeinthevillage?A.Colorful. B.Pleasing. C.Disappointing.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。Whatistheman'smainproblemaboutstudyingabroad?Heknowslittleaboutforeigncultures.Hehastotakemanyexams.Hehasatightbudget.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheeducationinhiscountry?A.It'sbackward. B.It'sboring. C.Ifsunfair.Whatshouldbegivenmoreattentiontoaccordingtotheman?A.Lifeskills. B.Personalinterests. C.Examinations.Whatdoesthemanconsiderfirstwhenchoosingaschool?A.Thefees.B.Theteachers.C.Thecourses.A.Thefees.B.Theteachers.C.Thecourses.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。WhencanpeoplevisitthereadingroomsoftheBritishLibrary?C.OnFridays.C.In1977.C.1,000kilometres.C.OnFridays.C.In1977.C.1,000kilometres.WhendidtheBritishLibraryopen?A.In1988. B.In1984.Howlongistheshelvingofthebasement?A.120kilometres. B.300kilometres.WhatdoweknowaboutthecollectionintheBritishLibrary?Ithasalonghistory.Peoplecanborrowbookseasily.Eachpiecebelongstodifferentcountries.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Communitycollegesofferlowtuition*job-specifictrainingandotherbenefits.Whetheryou'reahighschoolstudentunsureofwhichcollegestoapplytoorsomeoneconsideringgoingbacktoschool»thereareplentyofreasonstoputcommunitycollegesonyourlist.LowerCostsThemostfrequentlycitedbenefitofcommunitycollegesistherelativelylowcostofattendance.AccordingtodatafromtheCollegeBoard»communitycollegescost,onaverage,aboutone-thirdofin-statetuitionatfour-yearpublicuniversities.APathtoaFour-yearCollegeManyfour-yearuniversitieshavetransferagreementswithlocalcommunitycolleges.Theseagreementsallowstudentswhocompletespecificrequirementstoeasilytransferintoafour-yearprogramatanearbyuniversity.Transferstudentscanthenearnabachelor*sdegreewhileonlyhavingtopaytwoyearsofhighertuition.FlexibilityCommunitycollegesallowforflexiblescheduling,makingthemaparticularlygoodoptionforolderstudentswhoareworkingprofessionalsorparents.Manycommunitycollegesalsoallowhighschoolstudentstotakecollege-levelcoursesduringeveningsorweekends.WorkforceTrainingCommunitycollegestendtoofferawiderangeofcareerandtechnicaleducationprogramsinfieldslikenursingorfirefighting.Thehighlyappliednatureoftheseprogramspreparesstudentsforenteringtheworkforce.Fromculinary（烹饪）artstoautomobilemechanics,communitycollegesofferabroadselectionofprofessionalizedcourseworkthatfour-yearuniversitiesoftendonot.Whoaremostlikelytoattendcommunitycolleges?Highschoolstudentsfacingcollegechoices.Adultsplanningtoworkathighschools.Collegestudentsanxioustoimprovethemselves.Professionalseagerforcollege-levelcourses.22.Whichisthoughttobethebiggestadvantageofcommunitycolleges?LowerCosts.APathtoaFour-yearCollege.Flexibility.WorkforceTraining.23.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheworkforcetrainingprograms?Interesting.Time-consuming.Practical.Demanding.BValerieBolducisexploringapathunderafour-lanehighwaytofitwildlifecameras,whenshegetsstuckinthemud."Iamreallystuck,nsaystheroadecologystudent,tryingtopullherfeetoutofastreambedthattravelsthroughtheconcreteculvert（涵洞）ofQuebecRoute117.a\donotwanttobeadeergoingthroughthat.”Bolduc'sdilemmamakesevidenttherisksforwildanimalsusingthesamepath.Awarmingclimateispushingmanyanimalstomigratetowardhigherlatitudes（纬度）toremainwithintheirdesirableenvironments,butthatcomeswithrisksastheycrossdangerousareas,suchashighways.IneasternCanada,Bolducandotherresearchersandconservationistsaretryingtopreservesafecorridors（走廊）forwildlife.Themotion-activatedcamerastheyhavebroughtwillrecordwhichspeciesareusingthetunnels.Anoutward-facingcamerawillidentifywhatanimalsapproachbutdonotenter,perhapspreventedbytrafficnoise,thetunnel'ssizeorotherfactors.BolducexplainsthatthishighwayrunningthroughsouthernQuebecseparatesaseriesofCanadiannationalandregionalparksoneitherside,alongwiththeiranimalpopulations."It'ssuperimportant»Mshenotes,ubecausetheanimalswanttomovenorthandtheyencountertheseandthencantheymovethrough?Willtheygethitbyacar?Wellneedtofigurethatout.Andweneedtohelpthem,atleastIwanttohelpthem.”Afterfinishingfittingtheircamerasonthenorthboundsideofthehighway,Bolducandherteamdecidetheyneedanalternatepathtotheothersidetoavoidanothermisfortuneinthemud.uWe'regenerallytryingtobesafe,“Bolducsays»”butfortheanimals*thisistheirlife!”24.WhatcanwelearnfromBolduc'sexperienceofbeingtrapped?A.Itisdifficulttofitwildlifecameras.Sheisoutofluckduringtheexploration.Roadconditionsofthehighwayareunexpected.Itisdangerousfbrwildanimalstocrossthisarea.25.Whatdotheseanimalsmovetohigherlatitudesfor?A.Lesstrafficnoise.Warmerclimate.Safecorridors.Favorableenvironments.Whatfunctionisexpectedofthewildlifecameras?lbrecordthechangesintrafficflow.Tofigureoutdifficultieswildanimalsface.Totrackanimalsinandaroundthetunnels.lbphotographthelivingenvironmentofwildanimals.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?HighTechProtectsWildlifeAnimalMigrationIsunderThreatEcologistsFeartheFutureofWildlifeResearchersSeekPathsforAnimalstoMigrateCCoveredinlushfur,thethickestintheanimalkingdom,seaotters（海獭）canlivetheirentirelivesintheocean,feedingheavilyuponseaflooranimalssuchasshellfish.Theyareoftenseentoeatclams（蛤），whichburythemselvesinmeadowsofeelgrass（大叶藻场），awide-rangingplantspeciesgrowinginwater.Eelgrassmeadowswhereseaottersdigfbrclamsbecomepartlybare,whichiscommonlyaconcernforecologists.Asitturnsout»themeadowswithottersarehealthier»withmoreeelgrass»accordingtoanewstudypublishedinScience.That'sbecausebygentlydisturbingtheseabed»theottersmaketheplantsflowerandproduceseeds.What'smore,theirdiggingprovidesmorespaceandsunlightforseedstosettleandgrow.Theenhancedgeneticdiversitycausedbyseaotterscouldmakeeelgrassmoreadaptabletopresentandfuturethreats.Thefindingisapowerfulexampleofhowanimalssuchasottersinfluencetheirecosystemsbeyondpredation（捕食），ofteninunseenandlittle-knownways»saysstudyleaderErinFoster,aresearchassociateattheHakaiInstitute.Italsomeansseaotters,anendangeredspecies,arevitaltotheirenvironmentsandgiveeelgrass,whichisindangerworldwide,abetterchanceatstayinghealthyandsurviving.Seagrasshabitatsarealsoimportantformanyfish,providingfoodforanimals,absorbing,andfilteringharmfulpollutionandbacteriafromthewater.aGeneticdiversitytypicallystrengthenstheadaptabilityofspecies,andconsideringthechallengeswe'refacing...thiswillbeimportantforeelgrassmeadows,andfromthisaspect,theimpacttheottersarehavingdeservesourlastingconcern,“saysFoster.28.Whatdoweknowaboutseaotters?Theylivepartoftheirlivesunderwater.Theymainlyfeedonseaanimalslikefish.Theycatclamsbeneatheelgrassmeadows.Theybecomeanewconcernforecologists.29.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph2?Bygivingopinions.Bypresentingreasons.Byclarifyingconcepts.Bycomparingresults.30.Whydoestheauthormentiontheendangeredconditionofeelgrass?lbprovideexamplesofseaotters*predation.Toshowtheurgencytoprotecttheenvironment.Tohighlighttheroleofottersintheirecosystems.lbwarnagainstthepotentialriskofclimatechange.31.WhatdoesFosterthinkoftheimpactottershaveonunderwatermeadows?A.Overestimated.Noteworthy.Temporary.D.Unpredictable.DWintermaybeseenasthetimetofillupwithcomfortfood,butinfact,thesunnysummermonthsarewhenmencatmorecalories-unlikewomen."Theeffectmayoccurbecausesunlightmakestheskinreleaseanappetite-stimulatinghormonecalledghrelin（饥饿激素），"saysCarmitLevyatTelAvivUniversity.Levyandherteamnoticedtheunexpectedeffectinexperimentsinmicethatinvestigatedmechanisms（机制）behindskincancer,inwhichmaleanimalsexposedtoUVlightatemorefood.Toseeifhumansdothesame,theresearchersusedexistingdataon3,000peoplewhohadfilledindietaryquestionnairesaspartofthegovernment'sregularnationalhealthandnutritionsurvey.BetweenMarchandSeptember,menconsumedabout17percentmorecaloriesperdaythantheydidduringtherestoftheyearwhilewomen*sfoodintakestayedaboutthesame.Humanappetiteisinfluencedbymanysystems,butghrelinseemstobetheonlyhormonethatdirectlystimulateseating.Itwasthoughttobemainlysecretedbythestomachwhenempty."Ittellsthebraintoeatmore,“saysCarolineGorvinattheUniversityofBirmingham.FurtherinvestigationrevealedthatexposingmalemicetoUVBradiationraisedlevelsofghrelinsecretionbyfatcellsintheirskin.BoostedlevelsofghrelinwerealsoseeninskinsamplesthatweretakenfrommenandexposedtoUVlightinthelab.Gorvinsaystheskinhadn'tpreviouslybeenthoughttoplayaroleinappetite/tIfifsreal,it'squiteexcitingandweshouldsparenoeffortstogettothebottom,“shesays.Itisunclearwhytheeffecthappens,butitmaybeanadaptiveresponsetofuelgreaterphysicalactivityinsummer,saysGorvin."Asthelargestorganofthebody,itmakessensethattheskincansensetheenvironment,sensingthatthereisUVnow,thatnowisthetimetogoout.”32.Whatcanwelearnabouttheeffectfromparagraph1?Humanstendtoeatmorefoodinwinter.Ourskincontainsahormonethatmakesusactive.Summersunlightseemstoboostmen'scalorieintake.Womensufferlossofappetitebecauseofsummerheat.Whathelpedtheteamlookintotheeffectonhumans?DoingexperimentsinUVlight.Analysingexistingdataoffered.Carryingoutdietaryquestionnaires.Surveyingnationalhealthcondition.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordusecreted“meaninparagraph3?A.Balanced.B.Influenced.C.Raised.D.Produced.WhatcanwelearnfromGorvin'swords?Theskinisadecisivefactorinphysicalactivities.ExposuretoUVlightcontributestocalorieburnup.Theroleoftheskininappetiteneedsfurtherresearch.Higherfoodintakemakesmengainweightinsummer.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Surpriseistheerrorsignalourbrainsproducewhensomethingunexpectedhappens.Itisadopamine（多巴胺）trigger,producingtheneurotransmitter（神经递质）thatdrivesattentionandmotivation.36Itmakesusstop,notice,andlearn.InhisbookThePowerofSurprise,Rousellpresentshisfindingfromdecadesofhisresearch:37Theyformourself-concept.38Samanthafelthershynesswasaweakness,untilherswimcoachsurprisedherbynaminghercaptain.Hesaid,“Shemaybequiet,butwhenthisgirlsayssomething,youYegoingtowanttolisten.Thesurpriseleftherfeelingquietlypowerful.Thechangeinherbeliefsandbehaviorswasinstantandlasting.Notallsurprisingmomentsarecreatedequal.Rousellillustratessomeresearch-backedstepstousesurprisewell.Spotaself-criticismyou'dliketohelpsomeonerevise.Forexample»perhapsyourstudentseeshimselfasaslowlearner,oryouremployeebelieveshelackscreativity.39Maybethestudentwhothinkshelearnsslowlyisalsoverythorough.Theemployeewhothinkshelackscreativityishighlylogical.Makeyourmessagequickandtothepoint.Themoreyoudelayonthetopicordressitupasflowerypraise,thelesssurprisingitwillbe40A.Pointouthisweakness.Itwasanessentialadaptationforhumans.Identifytheoppositesideofthesamecoin.Also,itwillmakelessdifferencetoone*smind.Hereisanexampletheauthorsharesinhisbook.Toputitsimply,surpriseisabigdealtoourbrains.Surprisebringstheexperiencesshapingwhowebelieveweare.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AmyJandrisevitsknowsthevalueofagooddoll（玩具娃娃）.“Dollshavea41wedon'tcompletelyunderstand,shesaid.It'sa（n）42shegotwhileworkingasasocialworkerusingdollstohelpyoungkids43theirchangingmedicalsituations.Sevenyearsago,a44saidthatherchildwasinvolvedinacaraccident»leavingascar（伤疤）onhisface.Jandrisevitsknewwhatmighthelptheyouththroughthis45period."It's46totellakid,'Youareperfectthewayyouare,'andtobuild47thatway,“shesays.Jandrisevitswentabout48that.Shemadeadollbyhandthatlookedlikeherfriend'schildandsentitoff.Afterthefriend49aphotoonlineofthehappychildanddoll,anotherwomanaskedJandrisevitstomakeadollfbrherbaby,whowasmissingaleg.Word50andsoonJandrisevitswasmakingdollsforchildrenwithbirthmarksorfacialdefbrmilies（畸形），fromphotossentbyparents.She51herpreviousjobandstartedanonprofit,ADollLikeMe.Shehasn't52foradollsinceshebeganhernonprofit.Inallshe'smademorethan400dolls.ThewaitinglistislongbutJandrisevitsis53.Assheexplains/4Everykid,54gender,age,medicalissueorbodytype,shouldlookintothe._55faceofadollandseetheirown.41.A.powerB.themeC.systemD.fashion42.A.lessonB.inspirationC.rewardD.experience43.A.turntoB.adapttoC.realizeD.ignore44.A.workerB.patientC.volunteerD.friend45.A.unforgettableB.challengingC.complexD.impressive46.A.naturalB.generousC.helpfulD.hard47.A.confidenceB.connectionC.trustD.communication48.A.followingB.blessingC.explainingD.changing49.A.tookB.sentC.sawD.posted50.A.cameB.failedC.spreadD.read51.A.lovedB.quitC.beganD.lost52.A.chargedB.goneC.askedD.paid53.A.tiredB.curiousC.determinedD.famous54.A.regardlessofB.insteadofC.apartfromD.accordingto55.A.restoredB.beautifiedC.sweetD.funny第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入I个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ForthoseconsumingAsianfood,usingchopsticks56(be)almostsecondnature.About20to33percentofpeopleintheworldusechopsticks57adailybasis.Notallofthosearedisposable(一次性的)，58nodoubtmanyare.FelixBock»astudentattheUniversityofBritishColumbia,waseagertofindawaytorecyclewoodfromconstructionprojects,andhehadaparticularinterestinbamboo.Onedayhefoundadrawerinhisfriend'shouse59(fill)withdisposablebamboochopsticks,andanideahithim.Hedecidedtogive60secondlifetodisposablechopsticksbymakingthemintohome61(decoration)orotheraccessories(酉己件).Hetoldtheideatorestaurantowners,62(convince)themtoinstallrecyclingbinsintheirrestaurants.Hecleanedthechopsticks,pressedthemintosquarepiecesandcoatedthemwithglue.Thesquarepieceswerethen63(creative)arrangedintohouseholdandofficeproducts.Bock'scompany,calledChopValue,hasrepurposedchopsticksintodesktops,cuttingboardsandeventablegames.Since2016whenthecompany64(found),ChopValuehasrescuedbillionsofchopsticksfromlandfills.Insteadofaneconomyofthetypicaltake-make-disposemodel»ChopValueseekstocreateone65transformswasteintoausableresource.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Charlie询问你今年的暑假生活。请你用英文给他写一封邮件，分享一件你做过的有意义的事。内容包括：.你的经历；.个人感受。注意:.写作词数应为80左右；.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。第二节（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Wateringiskeytogrowingplantswell,soherewelookathowtogetitjustright.Thisnotonlymeansprovidingthewaterou