英汉翻译一翻译概论课件

英汉翻译一翻译概论1)WhatisTranslation?TrytotranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese,makesurethatyourversionsarelogicalandcolloquial1)Thisistheofficialkindofstrike1)这是由工会组织的罢工。/这次罢工是由工会组织的。2)Themachineisinrepair2)机器修好了Inrepair=ingoodrepair;正在修理=underrepairing3)Don'tcoughmorethanyoucanhelp3)除非忍不住,尽量不要咳嗽。can'thelpit.我无能为力我没有办法。4)IwishIcouldbringyoutoseemypoint4)我怎么跟你说不明白呢?CanyoutranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese?MakesurethatyourreadersmayunderstandandappreciatewhatyouhavetranslatedHowtoFat-proofYourchild?·hatkind如何让你的孩子防“胖”于未然?likebest?女孩最爱什么“财”?—郎才Matrimony女孩最爱什么钱?—礼钱Ablewaslere女孩最爱什么钱?—美元(缘)-Whatflow不到俄岛我不倒、Jyhave?(tulips=twolipsTups,什么样的花人人都有啊?—泪花。英语动词translate源自拉丁词itrans|atus而translatus又是transferre的过去分词在拉丁语里,transferre的意思是cary或transport,指的是背负物件将其转移到另地方。词根tans本身含有时空变迁的意思,而fere除了“负重”与“搬运”的意思外,还有endure与suffer的含义。Etymologically,translate"isderivedfromtheLatinwordtranslatus.carriedoverTranslatusisthepastparticipleoftransferre.Ifdividedintotransandferre,wecanseetheproximityofthewordtodiaandpeherein.TheLatintermferremeanstocarrytotransport"asincarryingashield.andwasoftenusedtomeantobearorconveywiththenotionofmotion(Homer)asinshipsbornebytheforcesofwind.Ifalsomeanttoendure.tosuffer.asintobearamentalburden(Gentzler,2001:166)Itissometimessaidthatthereisnotaskmorecomplexthantranslation-aclaimthatcanbereadilybelievedWhenallthevariablesinvolvedaretakenintoaccountTranslatorsnotonlyneedtoknowtheirsourcelanguagewell;theymustalsohaveathoroughunderstandingofthefieldofknowledgecoveredbythesourcetext,andofanysocial,cultural,oremotionalconnotationsthatneedtobespecifiedinthetargetlanguageiftheintendedeffectistobeconveyedThesamespecialawarenessneedstobepresentforthetargetlanguage,sothatpointsofspecialphrasing,local(e.g.regional)expectations,andsoon,canallbetakenintoaccountDefinitionsofpropertranslatingarealmostnumerousandvariedasthepersonswhohaveundertakentodiscussthesubject.Thisdiversityisinasensequiteunderstandable;fortherearevastdifferencesinthematerialstranslated,inthepurposeofthepublication,andintheneedsoftheprospectiveaudience.Moreover,livelanguagesareconstantlychangingandstylisticpreferencesundergocontinualmodificationThusatranslationacceptableinoneperiodisoftenquiteunacceptableinalattertime.(E.ANidaSomeDefinitionsbyscholarsTranslationmaybedefinedasfollows:thereplacementoftextualmaterialinonelanguageSL)byequivalenttextualmaterialinanotherlanguage(TL)(Catford:LinguisticTheoryofTranslation,1965)Fromtheteleologicalpointofview,translationisaprocessofcommunication;theobjectiveoftranslatingistoimparttheknowledgeoftheoriginaltotheforeignreader.(Wills,1982:59)Translationisnotsimplyamatterofseekingotherwordswithsimilarmeaning,butoffindingappropriatewaysofsayingthingsinanotherlanguage.Translatingisalwaysmeaning-based,i.e.itisthetransferofmeaninginsteadofformfromthesourcelanguagetothetargetlanguage翻译是以符号转换为手段、意义再生为任务的一项跨文化的交际活动。(许均,《翻译论》,2003:75)翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确而完整地重新表达出来的语言活动。Bytranslationherewespecificallymeantranslating,theprocessoftranslation,inwhichsomethingistranslated,insteadoftheworktranslated26、要使整个人生都过得舒适、愉快，这是不可能的