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2014年入学考试英语(二)试SectionIUseofA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET.(10points)Thinnerisn’talwaysbetter.Anumberofstudieshave1 thatnormal-weightAndtherearehealthconditionsforwhich erweightisactually .example,heavierwomenarelesslikelytodevelopcalciumdeficiencythanthin amongtheelderly,beingsomewhatoverweightisoftenan ofgoodOfevengreater5isthefactthatobesityturnsouttobeverydifficulttodefine.Itisoftendefined6bodymassindex,orBMI.BMI7bodymassdividedbythesquareofheight.AnadultwithaBMIof18to25isoftenconsideredtobenormalweight.Between25and30isoverweight.Andover30isconsideredObesity, ,canbedividedintomoderayobese,severelyobese,andseverelyWhilesuchnumericalstandardsseem9,theyarenot.Obesityisprobablylessamatterofweightthanbodyfat.SomepeoplewithahighBMIareinfactextremelyfit,10otherswithalowBMImaybeinpoor11.Forexample,manycollegiateandprofessionalfootballplayers12asobese,thoughtheirpercentagebodyfatislow.Conversely,someonewithasmallframemayhavehighbodyfatbuta13BMI.Todaywehavea(an)_14_tolabelobesityasadisgrace.Theoverweightaresometimes_15_inthemediawiththeirfacescovered.Stereotypes_16_withobesityincludelaziness,lackofwillpower,andlowerprospectsforsuccess.Teachers,employers,andhealthprofessionalshavebeenshowntoharborbiasesagainsttheobese._17_veryyoungchildrentendtolookdownontheoverweight,andteasingaboutbodybuildhaslongbeenaprobleminschools.[A]denied[B]conduced[C]doubled[D][A]protective[B]dangerous[C]sufficient[A]Instead[B]However[C]Likewise[D][A]indicator[B]objective[C]origin[D][A]impact[B]relevance[C]assistance[D][A]intermsof[B]incaseof[C]infavorof[D]in[A]measures[B]determines[C]equals[D][A]inessence[B]incontrast[C]inturn[D]in[A]complicated[B]conservative[C]variable[D][A]so[B]unlike[C]since[D][A]shape[B]spirit[C]balance[D][A]start[B]quality[C]retire[D][A]strange[B]changeable[C]normal[D][A]option[B]reason[C]opportunity[D][A]employed[B]pictured[C]imitated[D][A]compared[B]combined[C]settled[D][A]Even[B]Still[C]Yet[D][A]despised[B]corrected[C]ignored[D][A]discussions[B]businesses[C]policies[D][A]for[B]against[C]with[D]withoutSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartAReadthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(40points)TextWhatwouldyoudowith590m?ThisisnowaquestionforGloriaMackenzie,an84-year-oldwidowwhorecentlyemergedfromhersmall,tin-roofedhouseinFloridaMoneybyElizabethDumnandMichaelNorton.Thesetwoacademicsuseanarrayofbehavioralresearchtoshowthatthemostrewardingwaystospendmoneycanbecounterintuitive.Fantasiesofgreatwealthofteninvolvevisionsoffancycarsandextravaganthomes.Yetsatisfactionwiththesematerialpurchaseswearsofffairlyquicklywhatwasonceexcitingandnew old-hat;regretcreepsin.Itisfarbettertospendmoneyonexperiences,sayMsDumnandMrNorton,likeinterestingtrips,uniquemealsorevengoingtothecinema.Thesepurchasesoften emorevaluablewithtime-asstoriesormemories-particularlyiftheyinvolvefeelingmoreconnectedtoothers.Thisslimvolumeispackedwithtipstohelpwageslavesaswellaslotterywinnersgetthemost"happinessbangforyourbuck."Itseemsmostpeoplewouldbebetteroffiftheycouldshortentheircommutestowork,spendmoretimewithfriendsandfamilyandlessofitwatchingevision(somethingtheaverageAmericanspendsawhoptwomonthsayearng,andishardlyjollierforit).Buyinggiftsorgivingtocharityisoftenmorepleasurablethanpurchasingthingsforoneself,andluxuriesaremostenjoyablewhentheyareconsumedsparingly.ThisisapparentlythereasonMacDonald'srestrictstheavailabilityofitspopularMcRib-amarketingtrickthathasturnedtheporksandwichintoanobjectofobsession.Readersof“HappyMoney”areclearlyaprivilegedlot,anxiousaboutfulfillment,nothunger.Moneymaynotquitebuyhappiness,butpeopleinwealthiercountriesaregenerallyhappierthanthoseinpoorones.Yetthelinkbetweenfeelinggoodandspendingmoneyonotherscanbeseenamongrichandpoorpeoplearoundtheworld,andscarcityenhancesthepleasureofmostthingsformostpeople.Noteveryonewillagreewiththeauthors’policyideas,whichrangefrommandatingmoreholidaytimetoreducingtaxincentivesforAmericanhomebuyers.Butmostpeoplewillcomeawayfromthisbookbelievingitwasmoneywellspent。AccordingtoDumnandNorton,whichofthefollowingisthemostrewarding[A]Abighouse[B]Aspecialtour[C]Astylishcar[D]AriTheauthor’sattitudetowardAmericans’watchinMacribismentionedinparagraph3toshowthat[A]consumersaresometimesirrational[B]popularityusuallycomesafterquality[C]marketingtricksareaftereffective[D]raritygenerallyincreasespleasure24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,HappyMoney[A]hasleftmuchroomforreaders’criticism[B]mayprovetobeaworthwhilepurchase[C]haspredictedawider egapintheus[D]maygiveitsreadersasenseofThistextmainlydiscusseshowto[A]balancefeelinggoodandspendingmoney[B]spendlargesumsofmoneywoninlotteriesobtainlastingsatisfactionfrommoneyemorereasonableinspendingonluxuriesText2AnarticleinScientificAmericahaspointedoutthatempiricalresearchsaysthat,actually,youthinkyou’remorebeautifulthanyouare.Wehaveadeep-seatedneedtofeelgoodaboutourselvesandwenaturallyemployanumberofself-enhancingstrategiestoresearchintowhatthecallthe“aboveaverageeffect”,or“illusorysuperiority”,andshownthat,forexample,70%ofusrateourselvesasaboveaverageinleadership,93%indrivingand85%atgettingonwellwithothers—allobviouslystatisticalimpossibilities.Werosetintourmemoriesandputourselvesintoself-affirmingsituations.Weedefensivewhencriticized,andapplynegativestereotypestootherstoourownesteem,westalkaroundthinkingwe’rehotPsychologistandbehavioralscientistNicholasEpleyoversawakeystudyingintoself-enhancementandattractiveness.Ratherthathavepeoplesimplyratetheirbeautycompresswithothers,heaskedthemtoidentifyanoriginalphotograghofthemselves’fromalineupincludingversionsthathadbeenalteredtoappearmoreandlessattractive.Visualrecognition,readsthestudy,is“anautomaticpsychologicalprocessoccurringrapidlyandintuitivelywithlittleornoapparentconsciousdeliberation”.Ifthesubjectsquicklychoseafalselyflatteringimage-whiustdid-theygenuinelybelieveditwasreallyhowtheylooked.Epleyfoundnosignificantgenderdifferenceinresponses.Norwasthereanyevidencethat,thosewhoself-enhancethemust(thatis,theparticipantswhothoughtthemostpositivelydoctoredpicturethattheimageshigheruptheattractivenessscalewererealdirectlycorrespondedwiththosewhoshowedothermakersforhavinghigherself-esteem.“Idon’tthinkthefindingsthatwehavinghaveareanyevidenceof aldelusion”,saysEpley.“It’sareflectionsimplyofpeoplegenerallythinkingwellofthemselves’.Ifyouaredepressed,youwon’tbeself-enhancing.KnowingtheresultsofEpley‘sstudy,itmakessensethatwhypeopleheatphotographsofthemselvesViscerally-ononelevel,theydon’tevenrecognisethe inthepictureasthemselves,therefore,isaself-enhancer’sparadise,wherepeoplecanshareonlythemostflatteringphotos,thecreamoftheirwit,style,beauty,in lectandlifestyleit’snotthatpeople’sprofilesaredishonest,sayscatalinatomaofWiscon—Madisonuniversity,”buttheyportrayanidealizedversionofthemselves.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,socialpsychologisthavefoundthat ourself-ratingsareunrealisticallyillusorysuperiorityisbaselessourneedforleadershipisself-enhancingstrategiesareVisualrecognitionisbelievedtobe rapidconsciousintuitiveautomaticself-Epleyfoundthatpeoplewithhigherself-esteemtended underestimatetheirbelieveintheircoveruptheiroversimplifytheirTheword“Viscerally”(Line2,para.5)isclosestinmeaning
Itcanbeinferred isself-enhancer’sparadisebecause presenttheirdishonestprofiles[B]definetheirtraditionallifestyles[C]sharetheirinlectualpursuits[D]withholdtheirunflatteringsidesText3Upuntilafewdecadesago,ourvisionsofthefuturewerelargely-thoughbynomeansuniformly-glowinglypositive.Scienceandtechnologywouldcurealltheillsofhumanity,leadingtolivesoffulfillmentandopportunityforall.Nowutopia hasgrownunfashionable,aswe gainedadeeper reciationof therange ofthreatsfacing us,fromasteroid striketoepidemicflu andto climatechange.You mightevenbe temptedto thathumanityhas littlefutureto lookforwardto.Butsuch ismisplaced.The fossilrecordshowsthat specieshaveendured formillionsof years- sowhy shouldn'twe?T abroaderlook ourspecies'placein universe,andit clearthatwe havean excellentchanceof survivingfortens, nothundreds,of thousandsof years.Lookup Homosapiensin "R List"of threatenedspeciesofthe Internationalunion ConversationofNature ),andyou willread: "ListedasLeast asthe speciesisvery widelydistributed,adaptable,currentlyincreasing,and thereareno majorthreats resultingin overallpopulationdecline."Sowhat doesour deepfuturehold? Agrowing numberofresearchersandorganizationsare nowthinkingseriouslyaboutthat question.Forexample,theLong NowFoundationhas itsflagshipproject amedicalclockthatisdesigned tostillbe markingtime thousandsofyears Perhapswillfully,itmay easiertothink aboutsuchlengthy mescalesthan aboutthemore immediatefuture.Thepotentialevolution today'stechnology,andits socialconsequences,is dazzlinglycomplicated,and it'sperhapsbest leftto sciencefictionwritersand ologiststo explorethemany possibilitieswecanenvisage.That'sone reasonwhy wehave launchedArc,a newpublicationdedicatedto thenearfuture.Buttake alonger viewand thereis asurprisingamountthat saywith considerableassurance.As sooften, thepast holdsthe tothe future:we havenowidentifiedenough ofthe ternsshathehistoryof theplanet, andour species,tomake dence-basedforecastsabout situationsinwhich descendantsfindThislongmakesthepessimisticviewofourprospectsseemmorelikelytobeapassingfad.Tobesure,thefutureisnotallrosy.Butwearenowknowledgeableenoughtoreducemanyoftherisksthatthreatenedtheexistenceofearlierhumans,andtoimprovethelotofthosetocome. vision thefuture to inspiredourdesirefor ofourfaith science awarenessofpotential belief equal ’s“Red suggestthathuman sustained threaten the world’sdominant misplaced of followingis accordingtoParagraph helpslimit scope futurologicalTechnologyofferssolutions social interestin fictionis Immediatefuture hard ensure future mankind,it crucialexplore planet’sabundantadoptanoptimistic of ourexperiencefrom curbourambition reshape of followingwould the titlefor Uncertaintyabout Evolution the Ever- ProspectsofScience,Technologyand Text4Whentheernmenttalksaboutinfrastructurecontributingtotheeconomythefocusisusuallyonroads,railways,broadbandandenergy.HousingisseldomWhyisthat?Tosomeextentthehousingsectormustshouldertheblame.Wehavenotbeengoodatcommunicatingtherealvaluethathousingcancontributetoeconomicgrowth.Thenthereisthescaleofthetypicalhousingproject.Itishardtoshoveforattentionamongmultibillion-poundinfrastructureproject,soitisinevitablethattheattentionisfocusedelsewhere.Butperhapsthemostsignificantreasonisthattheissuehasalwaysbeensopoliticallycharged.Nevertheless,theaffordablehousingsituationisdesperate.Waitinglistsincreaseallthetimeandwearesimplynotbuildingenoughnewhomes.Thecomprehensivespendingreviewoffersanopportunityfortheernmenttohelprectifythis.Itneedstoputhistoricalprejudicestoonesideandtakesomestepstoaddressoururgenthousingneed.Therearesomeindicationsthatitispreparingtodojustthat.Thecommunitiesminister,DonFoster,hashintedthatGeorgeOsborne,ChancelloroftheExchequer,mayintroducemoreflexibilitytothecurrentcapontheamountthatlocalauthoritiescanborrowagainsttheirhousingstockdebt.Evidenceshowsthat60,000extranewhomescouldbebuiltoverthenextfiveyearsifthecapwerelifted,increasingGDPbyMinistersshouldalsolookatcreatinggreatercertaintyintherentalenvironment,whichwouldhaveasignificantimpactontheabilityofregisteredproviderstofundnewdevelopmentsfromrevenues.Butitisnotjustdowntotheernment.Whilethesemeasureswouldbeeintheshortterm,wemustfaceuptothefactthattheexisting£4.5bnprogrammeofgrantstofundnewaffordablehousing,settoexpirein2015,isunlikelytobeextendedbeyondthen.TheLabourpartyhasrecentlyannouncedthatitwillretainalargepartofthecoalition’sspendingplansifreturnstopower.Thehousingsectorneedstoacceptthatweareveryunlikelytoeverreturntoeraoflarge-scalepublicgrants.Weneedtoadjusttothischangingclimate.TheauthorbelievesthatthehousinghasattractedmuchinvolvescertainpoliticalshoulderstoomuchhaslostitsrealvalueinItcanbelearnedthataffordablehousingincreaseditshomeofferedspending ernmentdisappointed AccordingtoParagraph5,GeorgeOsborne allow ernmentdebtforstoplocalauthoritiesfrombuildingpreparetoreducehousingstockreleasealiftedGDPgrowthItcanbeinferredthatastablerentalenvironmentwould [A]lowerthecostsofregisteredproviderslessentheimpact ernmentcontributetofundingnewdevelopments[D]relievetheministersofTheauthorbelievesthatafter2015,the ernmentmay [A]implementmorepoliciestosupporthousing[B]reviewtheneedforlarge-scalepublicgrants[C]renewtheaffordablehousinggrantsprogramme[D]stopgenerousfundingtothehousingsectorSectionIIITranslationPart followingarticle, somesentenceshavebeen removed.ForQuestions41-45,choosethe mostsuitableone fromthe listA-G intoeachof numberedblank.Thereare twoextra choices,whi do fit of gaps.Mark answers ANSWER (10 socialsciencesare flourishing.As 2005,therewere halfa millionprofessionalsocialscientistsfromall fieldsint world,workingboth insideandoutsideacademia.Accordingto theW SocialScienceReport2010,the numberof social-sciencestudentsworldwidehas swollenbyabout 11%every yearsince2000.Yetthisenormousresourceinnotcontributingenoughtotoday’sglobalchallengesincludingclimatechange,security,sustainabledevelopmentand Humanityhas thenecessaryagro-technologicaltools eradicatehunger,fromgeneticallyengineered cropsto artificialfertilizers Here, theproblems social: organization ribution food,wealth (42)Thisisashame—thecommunityshouldbegrastheopportunitytoraiseitsinfluenceintherealworld.ToparaphrasethegreatsocialscientistJoseph Schumpeter:there isno radicalinnovati withoutcreativedestruction.Today,thesocialsciencesarelargelyfocusedondisciplinaryproblemsandinternalscholarlydebates,ratherthanontopicswithexternalimpact.yses that numberof including“environmentalchanged”or “climatechange”haveincreasedrapidlysince2004,(43) socialscientistsdo tacklepracticalissues,theirscopei oftenlocal:Belgium isinterestedmainlyin theeffects ofpoverty Belgiumforexample.And whetherthecommunity’swork muchto overallaccumulationof knowledgeis Theproblemisnotnecessarilytheamountofavailable(44)thisisanadequateamountsolongasitisaimedintherightdirection.Socialscientistswhocomplainaboutalackoffundingshouldnotexpectmoreintoday’seconomicclimate. trickis todirect thesefundsbetter. TheEuropeanunionFrameworkfundingprogramshavelong hada categoryspecificallytargetedatsocialscientists.Thisyear, itwas proposedthatsystem changed:Horizon2020,anew programto beenactedin 2014,wouldnot sucha category,Thishas resultedinsfrom ists.Buttheintentionis toneglectsocial science;rather,thecompleteopposite.(45)Thatshouldcreatemorecollaborativeendeavorsandhelptodevelopprojectsaimeddirectlyatsolvingglobalprobl couldbethat areevolvino communitiesof scientists:onethat isdiscipline-orientedand publishinginhighlyspecializedjournals,and that problem-oriented publishingewhere,suchaspolicyHowever,thenumbers arestillsmall: in2010, about1,600 the100,000social-sciencespaperspublishedgloballyincludedoneofthesetheidea isto forcesocial tointegratetheir workwithothercategories,includinghealth demographicchangefoodmarineresearchandthebio-economy,clear,efficientenergy;andinclusive,innovativeandsecuresocieties.thesolutionistochangethemindsetoftheacademiccommunity,andwhatitconsiderstobeitsmaingoal.Globalchallengesandsocialinnovationoughttoreceivemuoreattentionfromscientists,especiallytheyoungones.Theseissuesall haveroot causesin humanbehavior.Allrequirebehavioralchangeand socialinnovations,aswell development.Stemming climatechange,forexample,is muchaboutchangingconsumptionpatternsandpromotingtax acceptanceasit develocleanenergy.Despitethesefactors,many socialscientistsseemreluctant tacklesuchproblems.And inEurope,some areup armsoveraproposal drop specificfundingcategoryforsocial-science andto integrateitwithin cross-cuttingtopicsof sustainabledevelDuringthelate1990s,nationalspendingonsocialsciencesandthehumanitiesasapercentageofallresearchanddevelopmentfunds-includingernment,highereducation,non-profitandcorporate-variedfromaround4%to25%;inmostEuropeannations,itisabout1TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Mostpeoplewoulddefineoptimismasendlesslyhappy,withaglassthat’sperpetuallyhalffall.Butthat’sexactlythekindoffalsedeerfulnessthatpositivepsychologistswouldn’t mend.“Healthyoptimistsmeansbeingintouchwithreality.”saysTalBen-Shahar,aHarvardprofessor,AccordingtoBen-thosewhobelieveeverythinghappensforthebest.abadlecture-hegrantshimselfpermissiontobehuman.HeremindshimselfthatmoteverylecturecanbeaNobelwinner;somewillbelesseffectivethanothers.Nextwhatworksandwhatdoesn’t.Finally,thereis,whichinvolvesacknowledgingthatinthegroundschemeoflife,onelecturereallydoesn’tmatter.SectionIVWritingPartADirections:SupposeyouaregoingtostudyandshareanapartmentwithJohn,alocalstudent.Writehimtoto1)lhimaboutyourlivinghabits,2)askforadviceaboutlivingYoushouldwriteabout100wordsonanswersheet.Donotuseyourownname.PartWriteyouressayonANSWERSHEET.(15Youinterpretthechart,andgiveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.20142014SectionⅠUseofBMI。第三段中作者BMI体的脂肪量,并不是说明身材好坏的指数。第四段中讲述了整个社会其实会给肥胖者贴上消极,无论是在电视中还是在孩子们的心目中,胖人的形象总是与消极联系起来。最后一段讲述了人们以Thinnerisn'talwaysbetter.Anumberofstudieshave1 thatnormalweightpeopleareinfactathigherriskofsomediseasescomparedtothosewhoareoverweight.Andtherearehealthyconditionsforwhich erweightisactually2.Forexample,heavierwomenarelesslikelytodevelopcalciumdeficiencythanthinwomen.3,amongtheelderly,beingsomewhatoverweightisoftenan4 ofgoodhealth.deniedconcludeddoubledensured【答案】 超重的人”。根据句义,后面的部分实际上是研究结论,因此B项concluded符合题意。protective[B[B sufficienttroublesome【答案】 【干扰排除】句首以And开头,说明在语义上该句与上一句是并列相关的,强调肥胖对健康的好处。InsteadHoweverLikewiseTherefore【答案】 项Instead和B项However表示逆接的句意关系,D项Therefore表示因果关系只有C项Likewise“同 的词汇likewise。indicatorobjectiveoriginexample【答案】 章内容,已经明确超重代表了健康,因此超重是健康的指标。因此正确答案为A项。【干扰排除】干扰性强的是BOfevengreater5 isthefactthatobesityturnsouttobeverydifficulttodefine.Itisoftendefined6 bodymassindex,orBMI.BMI7 bodymassdividedbythesquareofheight.AnadultwithaBMIof18to25isoftenconsideredtobenormalweight.Between25and30isoverweight.Andover30isconsideredobese.Obesity,8,canbedividedintomoderayobese,severelyobese,andveryseverelyobese.它等于身体重量除以身高平方。正常成年人的是BMI18~25之间。25~30的话视为超重。30以上视为肥胖。肥胖依次能够分为中度肥胖、重度肥胖和极度肥胖。impactrelevanceassistanceconcern【答案】 其他选项均不符合题意,所以正确答案为D【干扰排除】A项impact“影响,效果”,B项relevance“相关性”,C项assistance“辅助”此处空格前有evengreater来修饰,将这几个干扰项的名词含义代入检测,都与上文没有必要的相关性,所以intermsofincaseofinfavorofinrespectof【答案】 体质指数,或称为BMI来定义”。下文根据BMI【干扰排除】B项incaseof“万一,假设”,C项infavorof“赞成,以……来取代”,D项in 常见的干扰项 measuresdeterminesequalsmodifies【答案】 体重除以身高的平方”。此处用文字叙述了BMI指数得出的方法,也就是一个数学公式,所以equals符合题意。【干扰排除】A项是强干扰项,有考生看到空格后面是一些计算BMI的方法,可能在不太清楚句意的inessenceincontrastinturninpart【答案】 C项inturn“依次”,D项inpart“部分地”,C项符合题意。 A项不成立。上下文不存在对立关系,所以不能选B项。DWhilesuchnumericalstandardsseem9,theyarenot.Obesityisprobablylessamatterofweightthanbodyfat.SomepeoplewithahighBMIareinfactextremelyfit,10 otherswithalowBMImaybeinpoor11.Forexample,manycollegiateandprofessionalfootballplayers12 asobese,thoughtheirpercentagebodyfatislow.Conversely,someonewithasmallframemayhavehighbodyfatbuta13 有些有些人BMI值很高,但是身材却相当好,有些人BMI值虽然低,但是体型却很差。 些职业BMI值却正常。complicatedconservativevariablestraightforward【答案】 的数字标准指肥胖指数,且下文也讲述了BMI指数的高低并不与身材的好坏成正比,只是这些数字看【干扰排除】肥胖指数分为三类,而且算法比较简单,所以A项complicated“复杂的”不正确。B项的,因此C项variable“可变的”也不符合题意。sowhilesinceunless【答案】【直击答案空格所在句意“一些人有很高的BMI,实际上身材正好 其他人有较低的BMI ”。从前半句可看出,有些人的BMI指数很高,应该属于体重肥胖的人,事实上身材正好,这里说明的是反常的现象,后半句是其他人的BMI指数较低,而 中只有while有转折的含义,其他选项均不符合题意,所以正确答案为B项。【干扰排除】A项表示因果关系,C项表示原因或让步关系,D项表示让步关系,都不能体现上下文shapespiritbalancetaste【答案】【直击答案】本句可简化为:Some…arefit,whileothers…maybeinpoor 义相反,且fit(体型健康的)与inpoor startqualifyretirestay【答案】动 【干扰排除】将A、C、D项代入文中,“开始”、“退休”和“停留”不符合句意。strangechangeablenormalconstant【答案】脂肪量过高,但是BMI却 【干扰排除】根据句意,排除A、B项。DTodaywehavea(an)14 tolabelobesityasadisgrace.Theoverweightaresometimes15 inthemediawiththeirfacescovered.Stereotypes16 withobesityincludelaziness,lackofwillpower,andlowerprospectsforsuccess.Teachers,employers,andhealthprofessionalshavebeenshowntoharborbiasesagainsttheobese.17 veryyoungchildrentendtolookdownontheoverweight,andteasingaboutbodybuildhaslongbeenaprobleminschools.对肥 option选择(权opportunity【答案】 employedpicturedimitatedmonitored【答案】胖者的面部成像都进行了面部隐藏处理。根据语境,四个选项中,跟相关的词汇只有C项picture【干扰排除】此处所提供的选项都是过去分词作theoverweight的后置定语,A 雇佣的肥胖者”,但是后面的介词应该用by。C、Dcomputedcombinedsettledassociated【答案】 D项associated“联系”,符合句意。【干扰排除】首先在结构上能与with构成搭配四个选项都可以实现。但是A项因为与原文语义差别较大,可首先排除。B项强调“联合”,与原文的“联系”有细微的差别,语义上不能说“原型与某些EvenStillYetOnly【答案】 作者)。根据语境,此处应该填入表示递进关系的词汇,分析四个选项,只有A项Even“即使”符合【干扰排除】B项Still表示递进关系时其后一般要加逗号。C项Yet用表示上下文的对立关系中。D项Only引导条件关系,与原文语义不符。Negativeattitudestowardobesity,18inhealthconcerns,havestimulatedanumberofantiobesity19.Myownhospitalsystemhasbannedsugarydrinksfromitsfacilities.Manyemployershaveinstitutedweightlosslossandfitnessinitiatives. eObamahaslaunchedan childhoodevenclaimingthatitrepresentsourgreatestnationalsecurity despisedignoredgrounded【答案】激发一批反肥胖 D项grounded健康关注”,将其他三项语义“受到健康关注的轻视”“基于健康关注的修正”和“对健康关注的忽discussionsbusinessespoliciesstudies【答案】的词汇,如hospitalsystem,ban,manyemployersinstitute指向的意思是一个系统中所出台的政策的问题。浏览四个选项,D项policies符合题意,直接入选。 foragainst,对withwithout【答案】 家最大的安全。空格词汇应该含有“,反抗”的意思。纵观四个选项,只有B项against符合词deficiencyn.缺陷,缺点obesityn.肥大,肥胖overweightn.超重definedefinevt.给……下 dividevt.划分,除collegiatea大学的,学院的converselyad.相反地framen.disgracedisgrace prospectn.前景;景象teasevt.戏弄,取笑harborn.vt.biasn.偏见,偏心,偏袒vt.stimulatevt.刺激,激励facilityn.设施,工具securitysecurityn.安全,保障;抵押品 长难句分Anumberofstudieshaveconcludedthatnormalweightpeopleareinfactathigherriskofsomediseasescomparedtothosewhoareoverweight.studieshaveconcludedthat,宾语由that引导的从句组成。从句主干是peoplearehigherrisk过去分词短语comparedto…作diseases的后置定语,从句的后半部分还嵌套有一个定语从句whoareoverweight,该句的先行词是those,指那些肥胖的人。SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartAText文章分本文选自2013年6月22日TheEconomist(《》)一篇题为“MoneyandHappiness”的文章,试题解21.21.根 价值【答案】Itisfarbettertospendmoneyonexperiences,sayMs.DumnandMrNorton,likeinterestingtripsuniquemealsorevengoingtothecinema。B项(一次特别的旅行)是原文interestingtrips(有趣的旅行)的同义替换,因此为正确答案。【干扰排除】A项和C项与原文信息不符。原文第二段第三句提到物质性的东西所带来的满足感很快就会消耗殆尽,而“豪宅”和“名车”都属于物质性的东西。D项干扰性很强,虽然第二段第四句同样也提到了“uniquemeals”,但D项中的“rich”,跟原文的“unique”是两个概念,故排除。 态度【答案】者 人看电视持否定的态度,因而答案为A项“批评的”【直击答案】根据题干可以回文定位到第三段第二句话Itseemsmostpeoplewouldbebetteroffiftheycouldshortentheircommutestowork,spendmoretimewithfriendsandfamilyandlessof者 人看电视持否定的态度,因而答案为A项“批评的”【干扰排除】第三段对看电视这件事情持否定态度,因而B项“支持的”、C项“同情的”为表达肯D [C]市[C]市 [D]匮乏一般会增 【答案】 McRib定位到第三段最后一句话ThisisapparentlythereasonMacDonald'srestrictstheavailabilityofitspopularMcRib——amarketingtrickthathasturnedtheporksandwichintoanobjectofobsession.。这句话提到了McRib(烤汁猪排骨)在麦当劳风靡一时,其指示代词“this”表明了对应D项中的“rarity”;“mostenjoyable”对应该选项中的“increasespleasure”,因此D项为正确【干扰排除】第段最后一句说“市场把三明治变了让人着魔一个东西”但并A(quality),BC,但并不能明所有会奏效。且该处例子本身的息,并非其明的 证明是值得的一本【答案】【直击答案】最后一段最后一句Butmostpeoplewillcomeawayfromthisbookbelievingitwaswellwellspent该 正好对应B项中的“worthwhilepurchase”,都是值得一买的意思,故B【干扰排除】A项中的criticism对对C [A][A]平 【答案】【直击答案】本文主要讨论的是HappyMoney这本话题——与金钱。第一段通过中事申,并这本书值得一买。因而C项“从花钱消费中获得长久的满足感”为正确选项。A项与原文不符。D项是第三段的主要内容,不能概括全文,故排除。长难句解ThisisnowaquestionforGloriaMackenzie,an84yearoldwidowwhorecentlyemergedfromhersmall,tinroofedhouseinFloridatocollectthebiggestundividedlotteryjackpotinhistory.【解析】这是一个主从复合句,句子主干是Thisisaquestion。an84yearoldwidow是Gloria的同位语。who引导定语从句修饰widow;tocollect…作后置定语,修饰widow Itseemsmostpeoplewouldbebetteroffiftheycouldshortentheircommutestowork,spendmorewithwithfriendsandfamilyandlessofit evision(somethingtheaverageAmericanspendstwomonthsa ng,andishardlyjollierfor【解析】这是一个主从复合句,itseems后面跟了一个较长的表语从句;在表语从句中嵌套了一个if个宾语,分别是:moretimewith…和lessofit…;括号里面的部分是一个名词加定语从句的结构,something后面省略了that;andishardlyjollierforit可以还原为“and(theaverageAmerican)ishardlyjollierforit”。词yieldvtn.产量,收益;利润counterintuitivea.与相反的regretvt.n.懊悔,遗憾charityn.仁爱,慈善;施舍,善举commutevt.交换;改变vi.乘往返于两luxuryn奢侈,华贵;奢侈品obsessionn.痴迷;困扰privilegen.,特惠待遇scarcityn.不足,缺乏incentiven.刺激;动力;鼓励mandaten.;命令,指令vt.;托管如果你中了如果你中了5.9 作的书 》作的书 》 每个人一年会用整整两个月的时间所做的一件事情,并且他们从中获得的乐趣几乎很少),他们会Text文章分本文选自TheStarOnline(《星报》)2013年6月29日一篇题为“HowWeReallyRateOurLooks”第二段描述了人们过高评价自己的表现;第三段介绍了Epley [C][C]我们对 [D【答案】“impossibilities”对应A项中“unrealisticallyhigh”,因此正确答案为A项。【干扰排除】第一段第二句提到了“illusorysuperiority”这一概念,但在第二句中表明这种自我感觉良好(illusorysuperiority)是源于人们的心理需求,而非毫无根据(baseless),B项与原文相反。能力(leadership)C项。该句还提到我们使用了一些“selfenhancingstrategies”来做研究,并得到了结果,这说明自我提高策略是有效的,而并非D项所描述的“ineffe
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