人教版英语选修六第一单元知识点

人教版英语选修六第一单元知识点人教版英语选修六第一单元知识点人教版英语选修六第一单元知识点xxx公司人教版英语选修六第一单元知识点文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度U1(选修六)1)Adj.深奥的，抽象的Astronomyisanabstractsubject.天文学是一门深奥的学科。Theword“honesty”isanabstractnoun.Beautyisabstractbutahouseisnot.美是抽象的，房子是具体的。2）V.eq\o\ac(○,1)“提炼”“抽取”Theworkersareabstractingmetalfromore.工人们正在由矿砂提炼金属。Rubberisabstractedfromtrees.橡胶是从树木提取的。Saltcanbeabstractedfromseawater.盐是从海水中提取出来的。“概括，写摘要”Heisabstractingastoryforabookreview.他在为一篇书评撰写故事摘要。3）n.anabstractofalecture一个演讲的摘要youratherhaveChineseorWestern-stylepaintingsinyourhomewouldratherdosth情愿做….wouldrathersbdidsth情愿sb做…情愿做….而不愿意做…：wouldratherdosththandosth=woulddosthratherthandosth=prefertodosthratherthandosth=preferdoingsthtodoingsthIwouldratherstayathometoday.我今天宁愿待在家里。Iwouldratheryoucameheretomorrow.我宁愿你明天来。Iwouldratheryouhadn’ttoldmeaboutityesterday.我宁愿你昨天没有告诉我关于它。我宁愿跟你走而不愿意待在这里：Iwouldrathergowithyouthanstayhere.Iwouldgowithyouratherthanstayhere.Iprefertogowithyouratherthanstayhere.Iprefergoingwithyoutostayinghere.n.信任,信仰breakone'sfaithwithsb.对某人不守信用keepfaithwith忠于信仰;守信Ikeptfaithwithhim.我信守了对他的诺言。Hewholosesfaith,losesall.失去信心的人,失去所有。faithfuladj.忠诚的，可靠的havefaithin相信,信任ingoodfaith老实地；诚恳地therearesomanydifferentstylesofWesternart,itwouldbeimpossibletodescribealloftheminsuchashorttext．salad/adv+that…so+adj+a(an)+(单数可数)(+that…)somany/few+n(复数)(+that…)somuch/little(不可数)(+that…)such+adj.+n.(不可数)/n(复数)Thebookis________interestingthatIwanttoreaditagain.2)Itwas________acolddaythattheiceintheriverwasnearlytwofeetthick.3)Itwas_______coldadaythattheiceintheriverwasnearlytwofeetthick.4)Thereare_______manymistakesinyourcompositionthatIcan’tunderstandit.5)Hehasmade________rapidprogressthathegotthefirstintheexam.sosuchsososuchso+adj./adv.so+adj.+an/a+(单)so+many(few,much,little)+n.such+(a)+(adj.)+n_______thatMaricwasabletosetupnewbrancheselsewhere.（07陕西）A.Sosuccessfulherbusinesswas B.SosuccessfulwasherbusinessC.Soherbusinesswassuccessful D.SowashersuccessfulbusinessBadv.所以，因此Ioversleptand____Iwaslateforwork.我睡过头了,所以我上班迟到了。MrFosterhasneverbeentoChina.Consequently,heknowsverylittleaboutit.福斯特先生从未去过中国,所以对中国了解得很少。Itrainedthatdayand___thebaseballgamewascalledoff.A.howeverB.stillC.soD.consequentlyDconsequentadj.作为结果的,随之发生的asaconsequence/result=inconsequence=soShewasfoundguilty,andlostherjobinconsequence(ofit).她被判有罪,因而失去了工作consequencen.结果asaconsequence/resultof=becauseof1）n.eq\o\ac(○,1)(C)目标withoutaim无目的的/无目标的achieveone’saimmissone’saim打不中目标eq\o\ac(○,2)(U)对准,瞄准takeaimatThehuntertookaimatthelionsb/sth’saimistodo……的目标是….Whatisyouraiminlife你生活的目的是什么Thegovernor’saimistoincreasecitizens’income.2）v.eq\o\ac(○,1)(以枪等)对准,瞄准aimattakeaimatthetarget=aimatthetarget瞄准靶子Thefactorymustaimatincreasingitsquality.他用枪瞄准老虎并开火,但没打中Heaimedhisgunatthetiger,firedbutmissedit.aimlessa.无目标的，无目的的Sheledanaimlesslife.eq\o\ac(○,2)打算,计划,以……为目标,立志做……aimatdoing=aimtodo瞄准,力求做到,力争达到Harryaimsatbecomingadoctor.or:Harryaimstobecomeadoctor.adj.(traditional)常规的，通常的，传统的;受俗套束缚的，按习惯办事的，陈旧的,形式上的conventionalweapons常规武器aconventionaldesign传统图案conventionalopinions旧观念Thechairmanmadeafewconventionalremarks.主席说了几句客套话。adj.典型的；具有代表性的；象征性的(representative)atypicalcharacter典型人物typicalexample典型事例Heisatypicalpupil;heislikemostoftheotherpupils.他是一个有代表性的学生，他和大多数其他学生一样。adj.evident明白的,明显的(apparent)n.evidence证据;证明Theapplausemadeitevidentthattheplaywasahit.掌声显然表明该剧是成功的。Itisevident(obvious)(tosb)that…..It'sevidentthatyouaretired.显然你累了。inevidence=evident明显的现实主义的,逼真的,现实的inamorerealisticway以一种更逼真的形式realism现实主义idealismrealist现实主义者terrorism恐怖主义terrorist恐怖分子SocialismSocialistrealadj.真的realizev.实现9.DuringtheRenaissance,newideasandvaluesgraduallyreplacedthoseheldintheMiddleAges.ideasandvalves定语whichwereheldintheMiddleAgeshold…Ideas/value持有…的观点/价值观Iholdtheviewthattheplancan’twork.adoptvt.1.采取;采纳;吸收Aftermuchdeliberation,thepresidentdecidedtoadopthersuggestion.再三考虑之后,我决定采纳她的建议。2.过继,收养[(+as)]Mr.Kernadoptedtheorphanashisownson.克恩先生将那孤儿收养为自己的儿子。3.正式通过,接受Theagendawasadoptedaftersomediscussion.经过讨论,议事日程获得通过。adoptedadj.被收养的，被采用的adoptedchild用作动词时，不能用于进行时。有多种不同的含义：1）“有，拥有”。如：Thelibrarypossessesanumberoftheartist’searlyworks.图书馆里藏有那位画家的一些早期作品。2）“具有……的特质”。常见搭配有bepossessedofsth，意为“具有某种品质或特征”。如：I’mafraidhedoesn’tpossessasenseofhumor.恐怕他没有什么幽默感。Heispossessedofgreatnaturalability.他很有天赋。3）“支配，控制”。如：Hewaspossessedbythedesiretoberich.possessioneq\o\ac(○,1)【c】财产，所有物（常用复数）Theringisoneofhermostvaluablepossessions.这只戒指是他最珍贵的财产之一。personalpossessions个人财产Helostallhispossessionsinthefire.eq\o\ac(○,2)【u】占有，拥有takepossessionof占领，夺取comeintopossessionof占有inpossessionof(表主动）占有inthepossessionof（表被动）…被占有Heisin~ofthehouse.他拥有这套房子。Thehouseisinthe~ofhim.这套房子在他的占有之下。--Doestheyoungmanstandingthere_____thecompany--No.Thecompanyis_____hisfather.~of;in~of~of;inthe~of~of;inthe~of~of;in~ofconvincesb.todosth=convincesbofsth.说服某人做…Convincesbthat使某人确信某事Heconvincedmeofhissincerity.他使我确信他的真诚。Iwasconvincedthathewassincere.Yourmistakesconvincedmethatyouhadn’tstudiedyourlesson.你的错误使我确信你没有学习功课。convincevt.“使确信；使信服”convincesb.ofsth./that...Scientistsareconvinced_____thepossibleeffectoflaughter_____physicalandmentalhealth.(江西2007)A.of;atB.by;in C.of;onD.on;atbycoincidence碰巧,由于巧合whatacoincidence！多么凑巧的事情啊！Whatacoincidencetomeetyouhere.真巧在这儿碰到你。Imethimbycoincidence.Ididn’tknowhewashere.great/gooddeal大量;大量Eversincethereformandopening,Chinahaschangedagreatdeal.Agreatdealhasbeenstudiedandthisisconsideredthebestwaytosolvethedifficultproblem.(n.)Heranagreatdealfasterthanme.(修饰比较级)agreat/gooddealof为adj，修饰[U]Agreatdealofmoneywasspentontheproject.那个项目花费了大量金钱。1）修饰可数名词：manyafewagood/greatmanyAgreatmanybuildingshavebeenbuiltalongthestreet.alarge/big/great//smallnumberofManya+单数名词Morethanone+单数名词2）修饰不可数名词：muchagood/greatdealofalargeamountof(谓语动词用单数)largeamountsof(谓语动词用复数)3）修饰可数和不可数名词alotof/lotsofplentyofalargequantityof(谓语动词用单数)largequantitiesof(谓语动词用复数)练习：thestudentsinourschoolgotocollegeintheirteens.AgoodmanyB.AgreatmanyofC.AgreatdealofD.Alotof2.Heis____betternow.Don’tworryabouthim.B.agreatdealofC.anumberofgreatdealimpressionistswerethefirstartiststopaintoutdoors.Heisalwaysthelastonetoleavetheclassroom.1)n.影子Thewillow’sshadowfallsonthelake.垂柳的影子倒映在湖面上。Theshadowofthisearlytragedyhasaffectedherwholelife.她年纪轻轻遭此劫，影响了她一生。2)v.尾随，跟踪Hekeptlookingbehind,afraidofbeingshadowed.他不停的回头看，害怕被跟踪。Hewalkedintheshadowhopingnoonecouldrecognizehim.对比：sitintheshadeofatree.树荫1)adj.荒谬的，可笑的Itisridiculousthatsheshouldacceptastranger’sinvitation.他竟然接受了一个陌生人的邀请真是荒唐。v./n.嘲笑，奚落与“laughat”和”makefunof”意思相近。Hebecameanobjectofridicule.Theyallridiculemysuggestion.Adj.有争议的，引起争论的Hebecameacontroversialfigureintheworldofpolitics.他成为世界政坛上的一位有争议的人物。n.controversy['kɔntrə,və:si]争论；论战；辩论Theuseofnuclearpoweristhesubjectofwidespreadcontroversy.使用核武力是一个会引起广泛争议的问题。of很多Ihaveheardthatscoresoftimes.Scoresofpeopleattendedthespecialperformance.score=20Ascoreofpeoplewerepresentattheparty.有20个人参加了聚会Twoscoreofthosepeoplewantedtoflythere.那些人中有40人想乘飞机v.尝试，企图v.①企图，试图；努力②试图，尝试：努力去执行，做或完成attemptdoing反复尝试做attempttodo企图做attempttodo/doing=trytodo/doingThesecondquestionwassodifficult;Ididn’tevenattemptit.第二道题太难了，我连试都没试。Iattemptedtospeakbutwastoldtobequiet.我想开口说几句，但有人叫我别做声。Iattemptedtoreadtheentirenovelinonesitting.Weattemptedthedifficultmaneuverwithoutassistance.n.eq\o\ac(○,1)企图或努力eq\o\ac(○,2)袭击；攻击anattemptonsomeone'slife.对某人生命的攻击Shellyhadpreparedcarefullyforherbiologyexaminationsothatshecouldbesureofpassingitonherfirst_________.A)intentionB)attemptC)purposeD)desiremakeanattempttodosthatdoingsthShemadeanattempttocookthedinner.她试着做这顿饭。Theprisonermadeanattempttoescape/atescapingbutfailed.atone’sattempt在sb尝试下one’sfirstattempt初次尝试练习：1)他试图行走直到摔倒。He______________________________2)他参加过考试，可是失败了。He________________________butfailed.3)我企图说话，可是有人要我安静点。I________________butwastoldtobequiet.attemptedwalkinguntilhefellover.attemptedtheexaminationattemptedtospeaktheotherhand另一方面，相当于一个副词。常与ononehand连用。Ononehand……ontheotherhand一方面……另一方面Thisjobisnotwellpaid,butontheotherhand,Idon’thavetoworklonghours.Ononehand,Ineedacomputer,butontheotherhand,Idon’thaveenoughmoney.Athand在手边，在附近Byhand用手的，手工的Gohandinhandwith与……共同行动1)v.预言，预测后面加名词做宾语或接that从句/wh-从句。Nobodycanpredictwhatwillhappeninthefuture.Itisstillnotpossibletoaccuratelypredicttheoccurrenceofearthquakes.现在还不可能准确预测地震的发生。2)n.Prediction预言，预测Herpredictionturnedouttobecorrect.她的预言证明是正确的。明确的，详尽的，具体的，特有的Canyoubeabitmorespecificwhenyoutalkaboutyourplan当你谈及你的计划时，你能说的再具体点吗Eachorganinourbodyhasitsspecificfunction.我们体内的每个器官都有自己独特的作用。Thiskindofdiseaseisspecifictohouses.这种病只有马才会得。1)外形;体形;人影Isawafigureinthedarkness.2)体态;风姿Shehasaslenderfigure.3)人物;名人Hehasbecomeafigureknowntoeveryone.4)数字Wheredidyougetthosefigures5)Hisworknowcommandshugefigures.Heisadelicatechild.纤弱的,娇弱的，瘦弱的Becarefulwiththosewinecups—theyareverydelicate.容易的InsuchadelicatesituationIhavetoweighmywords.需要小心处理的;微妙的;棘手的在这样微妙的情形下,我必须权衡一下我的话。Whatadelicateworkofart!精妙的delicatechina.精美的瓷器aggressiveadj.敢作敢为的;有闯劲的;侵略性的;好斗的Heisveryaggressive.他生性好斗。WeregardedtheIraqWarasanaggressiveone.我们认为伊拉克战争是侵略战争。anaggressivesalesman一干劲很大的售货员aggressiveweapons攻击性武器2)aggressivelyadv.气势汹汹地3)aggressionn.侵略（行动）aggressorn.侵略者练习：Ifyouwanttobecomeasuccessfulbusinessman,youmust_____________.如果你想做一个成功的商人，你必须积极进取。_______________mustbedestroyed.必须要销毁攻击性的武器。beaggressiveAggressivearmstheflesh活生生，本人，亲自Fleshn.肌肉；肉HaveyoueverseenJayChouintheflesh你见过周杰伦本人吗Hewouldn’tbelieveuntilhesawintheflesh他直到亲眼目睹才相信。Fleshandblood肉体，血肉之躯Thoughheisahero,heisstillfleshandblood.Loseflesh减肥Gain/putonflesh增肥Flesh-eating食肉的-prefer1)更加的喜爱,偏爱[U][C][(+for)]Awindowseatismypreference.我喜欢靠窗的座位。Wedresssimplybypreference.首先,最好2)偏爱的事物(或人)[C]Whichisyourpreference,teaorcoffee你喜欢喝哪一样,茶还是咖啡3)偏袒[U][(+for)]Parentsshouldnotshowpreferenceforanyoneoftheirchildren.父母不应流露出对任何一个孩子的偏心。4)优先(权);优惠权[U][C]inpreferenceto优先于Haveapreferencefor偏爱Ihaveapreferenceforclassicmusic.我更喜欢古典音乐。Wehadapreferenceforsweetfood.我们特别喜欢吃甜食.inpreferenceto…优先于I’dchoosethesmallcarinpreferencetothelargerone.我宁可选择那辆小的汽车而不要那辆大的。Shechosetolearntheviolininpreferencetothepiano.她愿学小提琴而不学钢琴.vi.1)呼吁,恳求appealtosbforsth.Heappealedtomeforhelp.2)诉诸,求助[(+to)]Wewillappealtoavarietyofsourcesofinformation.3)有吸引力,迎合爱好[W][(+to)]TheideaappealedtoMary.4)【律】上诉[(+to/against)]Heappealedagainstthefive-yearsentencehehadbeengiven.adj.精细的；易碎的；脆弱的；Ashebrokeupwithhisgirlfriend,hisheartwasfragile.由于他同女朋友分手了，他的心很脆弱。Reputationn.eq\o\ac(○,1)名誉,名声[(+for)]

Thestorehasanexcellentreputationforfairdealing.该店买卖公平,声誉极佳。Hehasareputationforcheatingintheexam.他以考试作弊而享有盛名。haveareputation享有盛名eq\o\ac(○,2)好名声,声望;信誉Thisrestauranthasafinereputation.这家餐厅信誉很好。Cheatingatthegameruinedthatplayer‘sreputation.比赛时作弊败坏了那位选手的声望。liveuptoone’sreputation不负盛名loseone’sreputation失去盛名；winahighreputation赢得很高的声誉Youmustliveuptoyourpromise.你必须实践自己的诺言。Theyarealwaysexhortedtodeliverresultsandtoliveuptotheirparents'highexpectations

他们无时无刻被提醒要考取好成绩，实现父母对他们的高度期望。28.、Themuseumdisplaysmorethanjustthevisualdelightsofart.博物馆展示的不仅仅是视觉上的乐趣。morethan＋名词意为“不仅仅”，morethanjust相当于notonly,notjust